CN210180853U - Integrated experimental device for simulating friction and wear of food and food machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an integral type experimental apparatus of simulation food and food machinery friction and wear, includes food sorter, inlays appearance device, friction and wear experimental apparatus, detects adjusting device, supplementary final controlling element includes first manipulator, second manipulator, third manipulator, elevating gear is located inlay the appearance device with between the friction and wear experimental apparatus, first manipulator is located the food sorter with between inlaying the appearance device, the second manipulator is located inlay the appearance device with between the elevating gear, the third manipulator is located elevating gear with between the friction and wear experimental apparatus. The utility model discloses can carry out food screening, inlay appearance, frictional wear experiment automatically to the real time integral type food and the simulation of food machinery frictional wear who detects of experiment process environment regulation and control and wearing and tearing surface can be carried out.

Description

Integrated experimental device for simulating friction and wear of food and food machinery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a simulation food and food machinery friction and wear's equipment, concretely relates to can realize selecting separately from food, inlaying the friction and wear experiment under appearance, the environment regulation and control to wearing and tearing surface real-time detection's integral type experimental apparatus.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the variety and requirements of people on food requirements, food processing becomes an inevitable link. During food processing and transportation, food is always in contact with food machinery and transportation machinery surfaces and produces different degrees of frictional wear. The wear of the surfaces of food machinery will significantly affect the life of the machinery parts and also the food safety to a different extent. The frictional wear of food on the machine surface causes a series of problems, and the roughness of the machine surface caused by the wear may reduce the processing efficiency and the processing quality of the food, and is easy to cause food residue and bacteria to adhere and propagate, thereby causing the potential deterioration. It is therefore necessary to simulate and monitor the frictional wear process during food processing.

Simulating frictional wear in food and food machinery requires solving several major problems. Firstly, the reliability of the source of the food sample; secondly, the experimentability of the food sample; thirdly, controllability of the friction and wear experiment process; and fourthly, detecting the friction and wear process. In the aspect of reliability of food sample sources, food raw materials are firstly required to be screened in the process of simulating food processing so as to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of experiments, great errors exist in manual screening of food, the accuracy of the experiments can be influenced, the manual screening workload is great when a great amount of experimental food is required, and the reliability problem needs to be solved urgently. In the experimental aspect of food samples, the screened food needs to be subjected to sample inlaying to obtain a sample which can be clamped by a friction wear testing machine so as to carry out friction wear experiments, denture powder and denture water are adopted for cold inlaying, and the sample inlaying is suitable for food. In the aspect of controllability of the friction and wear process, due to the great difference of different food processing processes, the temperature, the humidity, the rotating speed and the like in the experimental process need to be adjusted and simulated, which has very important influence on the experimental process and the result. In the aspect of detection of the friction and wear process, food is used as an organic matter, and the sensitivity to temperature and oxidation in the friction and wear process can cause corresponding changes to the wear product on the friction surface and the surface of a food sample under different conditions, so that it is very important to detect the changes in time, otherwise, when the detection is carried out after the experiment is finished, new changes often occur to the surface of the sample due to temperature changes. However, the existing devices for simulating the frictional wear between food and food machinery are still few, and the consideration in food sample screening, sample preparation, environmental regulation, real-time detection and the like is less, so that the simulation of the frictional wear between food and food machinery is difficult to satisfy.

Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop an integrated device for simulating the frictional wear of food and food machinery, which can automatically perform food screening, sample inlaying and frictional wear experiments, and can perform environmental control and real-time detection of a wear surface in the experimental process.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that overcome prior art not enough, provide an integrative experimental apparatus of simulation food and food machinery friction and wear.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the device comprises a food separator, a sample embedding device, a lifting device, a friction and wear experiment device, a detection and adjustment device and an auxiliary execution device.

The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of simulation food and food machinery friction and wear overall process still adopts following attached technical scheme:

the auxiliary execution device comprises a first mechanical arm, a second mechanical arm and a third mechanical arm, the lifting device is located between the sample inlaying device and the friction and wear experimental device, the first mechanical arm is located between the food sorter and the sample inlaying device, the second mechanical arm is located between the sample inlaying device and the lifting device, and the third mechanical arm is located between the lifting device and the friction and wear experimental device.

Food sorter includes food conveying mechanism, food sorting mechanism, food detection mechanism, food collection mechanism, food sorting mechanism with food conveying mechanism one end links to each other, food detection mechanism establishes food conveying mechanism top, food collection mechanism establishes food sorting mechanism below, food collection mechanism includes the certified products feed bin, and the nonconforming products feed bin, food detection mechanism includes laser scanner, roughness tester, the certified products dimensional requirement error control that food detection mechanism detected is within the specified range.

The food sorting mechanism comprises a blanking hopper and a sorting channel, wherein the blanking hopper is positioned at one end of the conveying mechanism, and the sorting channel is positioned below the blanking hopper.

Inlay a kind device and include box, orifice plate, level sensor, agitator, the box includes the feed liquor valve, the agitator includes into powder mouth, inlet, liquid outlet, impeller, liquid outlet one end with the agitator is connected, the other end with the box is connected.

The lifting device comprises a lifting plate, a carrying plate and a rotating shaft fixed shaft, wherein one end of the fixed shaft is located at the middle position of the carrying plate, and the other end of the fixed shaft is fixed on the lifting plate.

The friction wear experiment device comprises a frame, an upper experiment table, a lower experiment table, a supporting device and a protective cover plate, wherein the protective cover plate comprises a side lifting door, and the detection adjusting device comprises a Raman spectrometer, an optical microscope, an experiment environment adjusting device, a rotating wheel and a connecting rod.

Go up the laboratory bench with the frame links to each other, the laboratory bench is fixed down on the strutting arrangement, experiment environment adjusting device fixes on the protection apron, the swiveling wheel is installed on the strutting arrangement, the optical microscope with the raman spectroscopy is fixed on the swiveling wheel, strutting arrangement includes flexible platform, rotary disk, flexible platform includes rotary device.

The experiment environment adjusting device comprises a temperature adjusting device and a humidity adjusting device, the experiment environment adjusting device is fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the right side of the protective cover plate, the temperature adjusting device comprises an air outlet pipe, an air exhaust control valve and a return pipe, the air exhaust control valve is installed at the upper end of the air outlet pipe, the return pipe is installed at the lower portion of the protective cover plate, a temperature controller is installed inside the air outlet pipe, a fan and a heater are installed inside the protective cover plate, and the humidity adjusting device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a humidity sensor, a relay and a humidifier.

The friction and wear experimental device comprises a reciprocating friction and wear device and a rotary friction and wear device, wherein the reciprocating friction and wear device and the rotary friction and wear device can be respectively realized by controlling whether the rotary device rotates or not, when the rotary device rotates, an upper sample table is fixed, a lower sample table rotates, the rotary friction and wear device can be realized, when the rotary device is fixed, the upper sample table reciprocates, the lower sample table is fixed, and the reciprocating friction and wear device can be realized.

According to the utility model provides a simulation food and food machinery friction and wear's integral type experimental apparatus, compare with prior art, the utility model discloses there is following advantage: firstly, the utility model realizes the whole process from food sample source screening to sample inlaying to frictional wear and then to wear surface detection, and the integrated design avoids the experimental error caused by human factors to the maximum extent, so that the simulation of the frictional wear of food and food machinery becomes more accurate, and experimenters are liberated to the maximum extent; secondly, the utility model introduces the design of the food separator, automatically screens and inserts the food, reduces human error, saves manpower, and enhances the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental result by automatically screening the food with the same standard in shape, diameter and roughness; thirdly, the utility model can realize the adjustment of temperature and humidity in the experimental process, can keep the experiment at the specified temperature, and can change the experimental conditions by adjusting the temperature, thereby simulating the temperature and the humidity according to the actual conditions in different food processing processes; fourthly, the surface appearance and microstructure of the sample can be detected in real time through the conversion of an optical microscope and a Raman spectrometer, the abrasion marks and abrasion products on the abrasion surface are analyzed in real time, more accurate information is obtained, and the problem that the products on the abrasion surface are changed due to time intervals in the analysis process in the existing experiment is solved; fifthly, reciprocating type friction wear and rotary type friction wear can be respectively realized by controlling whether the rotating device rotates or not, and the device is suitable for different test conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a food sorter

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the sample-receiving device

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an orifice plate

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the detecting and adjusting device

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a thermostat

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the humidity control apparatus

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the carrier tray

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, an integrated experimental device for simulating friction and wear of food and food machinery comprises a food sorter 1, a sample inlaying device 2, a friction and wear experimental device 3, a detection adjusting device 4 and an auxiliary execution device.

The auxiliary executing device comprises a first manipulator 51, a second manipulator 52, a third manipulator 53 and a lifting device 54, the lifting device 54 is positioned between the sample inlaying device 2 and the frictional wear experimental device 3, the first mechanical arm 51 is positioned between the food sorter 1 and the insert-sampling device 2, the second mechanical arm 52 is positioned between the insert-sampling device 2 and the lifting device 54, the third manipulator 53 is located between the lifting device 54 and the frictional wear experimental device 3, the first manipulator 51 puts the screened food into the inlaying device 2, the second manipulator 52 puts the inlaid sample into the lifting device 54, the third manipulator 53 takes out the sample from the lifting device 54 and puts the sample into the friction touch experiment device 3, and the lifting device 54 can transport a plurality of samples at a time.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the food sorter 1 includes a food conveying mechanism 11, a food sorting mechanism 12, a food detecting mechanism 13, and a food collecting mechanism 14, the food sorting mechanism 12 is connected to one end of the food conveying mechanism 11, the food detecting mechanism 13 is disposed above the food conveying mechanism 11, the food collecting mechanism 14 is disposed below the food sorting mechanism 12, the food collecting mechanism 14 includes a qualified product bin 141 and a defective product bin 142, the food detecting mechanism 13 includes a laser scanner 131 and a surface roughness tester 132, the food detecting mechanism 13 scans the food shape by the laser scanner 131 and calculates the food diameter by computer software, the surface roughness tester 132 detects the surface smoothness of the food, when the errors of the food shape, the food diameter and the food surface smoothness are all within 3% (the control of the error standard can be adjusted according to actual needs), and the food enters the sorting channel 122 connected with the qualified product bin 141, and enters the sorting channel 122 connected with the unqualified product bin 142 as long as one error of the shape, the diameter and the surface smoothness of the food is more than 3 percent (the control of the error standard can be adjusted according to actual requirements).

Referring to fig. 2, the food sorting mechanism 12 includes a drop hopper 121 and a sorting channel 122, the drop hopper 121 is located at one end of the food conveying mechanism 11, and the sorting channel 122 is located below the drop hopper 121.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the sample inlaying device 2 includes a box 21, an orifice plate 22, a liquid level sensor 23, and a stirrer 24, the box 21 includes a liquid inlet valve 211, the stirrer 24 includes a powder inlet 241, a liquid inlet 242, a liquid outlet 243, and an impeller 244, one end of the liquid outlet 243 is connected to the stirrer 24, the other end is connected to the box 21, denture powder enters the stirrer 24 from the powder inlet 241, denture water enters the stirrer 24 from the liquid inlet 242, then the powder inlet 241, the liquid inlet 242, and the liquid inlet valve 211 are closed, the impeller 244 rotates to uniformly stir the inlay sample liquid, the liquid inlet valve 211 is opened after stirring is completed to allow the inlay sample liquid to flow into the box 21, the box 21 is used to store the inlay sample liquid, the liquid level sensor 23 is used to control the liquid level of the inlay liquid, the liquid level sensor 23 controls the opening and closing of the liquid inlet valve 211, when the height of the inlaying sample liquid in the box body 21 reaches the liquid level height, the liquid inlet valve 211 is closed, when the height of the inlaying sample liquid in the box body does not reach the liquid level height, the liquid inlet valve 211 is opened to enable the inlaying sample liquid to continuously flow into the box body 21, and the pore plate 22 enables food to be uniformly dispersed and can be used for inlaying a plurality of samples at one time.

Referring to fig. 1 and 8, the lifting device 54 includes a lifting plate 541, a loading tray 542, a rotating shaft 543, a fixing shaft 544, wherein one end of the fixing shaft 544 is located at the middle position of the loading tray 542, and the other end is fixed to the lifting plate 541, the fixing shaft 544 can adjust the distance between the loading tray 542 and the lifting plate 541 to ensure that the food can be stably transported without damaging the original shape of the food, the loading tray 542 has a plurality of holes for placing a plurality of samples and the sizes of the holes are not consistent and suitable for different sizes of inserted samples, the loading tray does not need to be replaced when the sizes of the inserted samples are changed, the rotating shaft 543 rotates clockwise by a certain angle according to the grid division angle of the loading tray 542, the second manipulator 52 places a plurality of samples into suitable grid division by division, and the rotating shaft 543 rotates counterclockwise by the same angle to enable the third manipulator 53 to take out the samples, the fixing shaft 544 can adjust the height according to the height of the sample, so as to ensure that the lifting device 54 can stably transport the sample without damaging the sample.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the friction wear testing device 3 includes a rack 31, an upper testing platform 32, a lower testing platform 33, a supporting device 34, and a protective cover 35, where the protective cover 35 includes a side elevating door 351, the detection adjusting device 4 includes a raman spectrometer 41, an optical microscope 42, a testing environment adjusting device 43, a rotating wheel 44, and a link 45, the raman spectrometer 41 analyzes components of a sample, the optical microscope 42 detects microstructure changes of the sample from time to time, the protective cover 35 facilitates temperature and humidity adjustment, automatic placement of the sample into the lower testing platform 33 can be achieved by opening and closing the side elevating door 351 and matching the third manipulator 53, the upper testing platform 32 is used for mounting the upper sample, and the lower testing platform 33 is used for mounting the lower sample.

The upper experiment table 32 is connected to the frame 31, the lower experiment table 33 is fixed to the supporting device 34, the experiment environment adjusting device 43 is fixed to the protective cover 35, the rotating wheel 44 is installed to the supporting device 34, the raman spectrometer 41 and the optical microscope 42 are fixed to the rotating wheel 44, the supporting device 34 includes a telescopic table 341 and a rotating disc 342, the telescopic table 341 includes a rotating device 3411, the telescopic table 341 can adjust the distance between the lower experiment table 33 and the upper experiment table 32, the frame 31 supports the friction wear device 3, and the rotating wheel 44 can realize the switching between the raman spectrometer 41 and the optical microscope 42.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the experimental environment adjusting device 43 includes a temperature adjusting device 431 and a humidity adjusting device 432, the experimental environment adjusting device 43 is fixed at the upper and lower ends of the right side of the protective cover plate 35, the temperature adjusting device 431 includes an air outlet pipe 4311, an air outlet control valve 4312 and a return pipe 4313, the air outlet control valve 4312 is installed at the upper end of the air outlet pipe 4311, a temperature controller 4314 is installed inside the air outlet pipe 4311, the return pipe 4313 is installed at the lower end of the protective cover plate 35, a fan 4315 and a heater 4316 are installed inside the protective cover plate 35, the humidity adjusting device 432 includes a single chip microcomputer 4321, a humidity sensor 4322, a relay 4323 and a humidifier 4324, when the temperature controller 4314 senses that the experimental temperature is lower than the required temperature, the temperature adjusting device 431 forms hot air through the cooperation of the fan 4315 and the heater 4316, and, when the temperature controller 4314 senses that the experimental temperature is lower than the required temperature, the temperature adjusting device 431 only turns on the fan 4315, the experimental temperature is reduced by the cooperation of the air outlet pipe 4311 and the return pipe 4313, the humidity adjusting device 432 takes the singlechip 4321 as a minimum control unit, the humidity sensor 4322 is used for collecting temperature and humidity analog quantity information, when the humidity value is lower than a set threshold value, the relay 4323 responds to control the humidifier 4324 to work, when the humidity reaches the threshold value, the indoor humidity reaches a comfortable value, and the humidifier 4324 stops working.

Detailed Experimental procedures

The food is poured from the drop hopper 121 of the food sorting mechanism 12, and the shape, diameter, and surface roughness of the food are detected by the laser scanner 131 and the surface roughness tester 132 of the food detecting mechanism 13. When the errors of the shape, the diameter and the surface smoothness of the food are within 3 percent, the food enters the sorting channel 122 connected with the qualified product bin 141, and when the errors of the shape, the diameter and the surface smoothness of the food are more than 3 percent, the food enters the sorting channel 122 connected with the unqualified product bin 142. The food is conveyed to the corresponding sorting passage 122 by the food conveying mechanism 11, and the first manipulator 51 puts the screened qualified products from the qualified product bin 141 into the orifice plate 22 of the sample inlaying device 2, and enters the sample inlaying process. Denture powder gets into agitator 24 from powder inlet 241, and denture liquid gets into agitator 24 from inlet 242, and powder inlet 241, inlet 242, feed liquor valve 211 are all closed, evenly stir the sample setting liquid through the rotation of impeller 244, open feed liquor valve 211 after the stirring is accomplished and make the sample setting liquid flow into box 21, and box 21 is used for storing the sample setting liquid. Liquid level sensor 23 control inlays the liquid level height of appearance liquid, and when the appearance liquid height of inlaying in the box 21 reached the liquid level height, liquid inlet valve 211 was closed, and the appearance liquid height of inlaying in the box 21 did not reach the liquid level height, liquid inlet valve 211 is opened and is made to inlay the appearance liquid and continue to flow in to box 21, until reaching the liquid level height, inlays the even orifice plate 22 that gets into of appearance liquid. After the sample mounting is completed, the second manipulator 52 takes out the sample from the sample mounting device 2 and puts the sample into the carrying tray 542 of the lifting device 54, and the distance between the carrying tray 542 and the lifting plate 541 is adjusted by changing the height of the fixed shaft 544. The rotary shaft 543 rotates clockwise by a certain angle according to the cell angle of the tray 542, so that the second manipulator 52 puts a plurality of samples into suitable cells in several times, the samples are conveyed to the same height of the frictional wear experimental device 3 by the lifting device 54, the rotary shaft 543 rotates counterclockwise by the same angle, so that the third manipulator 53 takes out the samples and puts the samples into the lower sample table 33, and the distance between the lower experimental table 33 and the upper experimental table 32 is adjusted by the telescopic table 341 and the samples are loaded, and then the samples enter the frictional wear experimental process. The frictional wear test can be divided into two cases, the first case is a rotary frictional wear device in which the upper sample table 32 is fixed and the lower sample table 33 is rotated by the rotating device 3411, and the second case is a reciprocating frictional wear device in which the upper sample table 32 is reciprocated and the lower sample table 33 is fixed. The temperature and the humidity are adjusted by the temperature adjusting device 431 and the humidity adjusting device 432, when the experimental temperature is lower than the required temperature, the temperature adjusting device 431 forms hot air by the cooperation of the fan 4315 and the heater 4316, the temperature is adjusted by the hot air, and the circulation of hot air flow is formed by the cooperation of the air outlet pipe 4311 and the return pipe 4313; when the experimental temperature is higher than the required temperature, the temperature adjusting device 431 only opens the fan 4315, the experimental temperature is reduced through the matching of the air outlet pipe 4311 and the return pipe 4313, and when the humidity value is lower than the set threshold value; the relay 4323 responds to control the humidifier 4324 to work, and when the humidity reaches a threshold value; when the indoor humidity reaches a required value, the humidifier 4324 stops working. The optical microscope 42 detects the microscopic morphology of the sample from time to time, records the data by a computer, and makes the raman spectrometer 41 detect and record the composition of the sample surface and the frictional wear surface by the rotating wheel 44 when the microstructure changes.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an integral type experimental apparatus of simulation food and food machinery friction and wear which characterized in that: the device comprises a food sorter, a sample embedding device, a friction and wear experimental device, a detection and adjustment device and an auxiliary execution device; the auxiliary execution device comprises a first manipulator, a second manipulator, a third manipulator and a lifting device, wherein the lifting device is positioned between the sample inlaying device and the frictional wear experiment device, the first manipulator is positioned between the food sorter and the sample inlaying device, the second manipulator is positioned between the sample inlaying device and the lifting device, and the third manipulator is positioned between the lifting device and the frictional wear experiment device; the food sorter comprises a food conveying mechanism, a food sorting mechanism, a food detection mechanism and a food collection mechanism, wherein the food sorting mechanism is connected with one end of the food conveying mechanism, the food detection mechanism is arranged above the food conveying mechanism, the food collection mechanism is arranged below the food sorting mechanism, the food collection mechanism comprises a qualified product bin and an unqualified product bin, and the food detection mechanism comprises a laser scanner and a surface roughness tester; the sample embedding device comprises a box body, a pore plate, a liquid level sensor and a stirrer, wherein the box body comprises a liquid inlet valve, the stirrer comprises a powder inlet, a liquid outlet and an impeller, one end of the liquid outlet is connected with the stirrer, and the other end of the liquid outlet is connected with the box body; the friction wear experiment device comprises a rack, an upper experiment table, a lower experiment table, a supporting device and a protective cover plate, wherein the protective cover plate comprises a side edge lifting door, and the detection adjusting device comprises a Raman spectrometer, an optical microscope, an experiment environment adjusting device, a rotating wheel and a connecting rod; the upper experiment table is connected with the rack, the lower experiment table is fixed on the supporting device, the experiment environment adjusting device is fixed on the protective cover plate, the rotating wheel is installed on the supporting device, and the optical microscope and the Raman spectrometer are fixed on the rotating wheel.

2. The integrated experimental device for simulating the friction and the wear of food and food machinery of claim 1, wherein the lifting device comprises a lifting plate, a carrying plate, a rotating shaft and a fixed shaft, one end of the fixed shaft is located at the middle position of the carrying plate, and one end of the fixed shaft is fixed on the lifting plate.

3. The integrated experimental device for simulating the frictional wear of food and food machinery according to claim 1, wherein: the experiment environment adjusting device comprises a temperature adjusting device and a humidity adjusting device, the experiment environment adjusting device is fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the right side of the protective cover plate, the temperature adjusting device comprises an air outlet pipe, an air exhaust control valve and a return pipe, the air exhaust control valve is installed at the upper end of the air outlet pipe, a temperature controller is installed inside the air outlet pipe, the return pipe is installed at the lower end of the protective cover plate, a fan and a heater are installed inside the protective cover plate, and the humidity adjusting device comprises a single chip microcomputer, a humidity sensor, a relay and a humidifier.

4. The integrated experimental device for simulating the frictional wear of food and food machinery according to claim 1, wherein: the friction and wear experimental device comprises a reciprocating friction and wear device and a rotary friction and wear device.

5. The integrated experimental device for simulating the frictional wear of food and food machinery according to claim 4, wherein: the reciprocating type friction wear device is characterized in that the upper sample table moves in a reciprocating mode, the lower sample table is fixed, the upper sample table of the rotary type friction wear device is fixed, and the lower sample table rotates.

Images