CN109738319A - A kind of integral type experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear - Google Patents

A kind of integral type experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109738319A
CN109738319A CN201910193617.2A CN201910193617A CN109738319A CN 109738319 A CN109738319 A CN 109738319A CN 201910193617 A CN201910193617 A CN 201910193617A CN 109738319 A CN109738319 A CN 109738319A
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food
experimental
wear
fretting wear
manipulator
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CN109738319B (en
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田斌
安思佳
杜秋月
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Beijing Technology and Business University
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Beijing Technology and Business University
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Abstract

A kind of integrated experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear, including food sorter, inlay sampling device, frictional wear experimental device, detect regulating device, auxiliary execution device, the auxiliary execution device includes the first manipulator, second manipulator, third manipulator, lifting device, the lifting device is between the edge sampling device and the frictional wear experimental device, first manipulator is between the food sorter and the edge sampling device, second manipulator is between the edge sampling device and the lifting device, the third manipulator is between the lifting device and the frictional wear experimental device.The present invention can carry out food screening, edge sample, frictional wear experiment automatically, and can carry out the simulation of the integral type food detected in fact when experimentation environment conditioning and wear surface and food machinery fretting wear.

Description

A kind of integral type experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear
Technical field
The present invention relates to the equipment of a kind of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear, and in particular to one kind can be achieved from food Frictional wear experiment under product sorting, edge sample, environment conditioning, to the integral type experimental provision of wear surface real-time detection.
Background technique
Continuous promotion with people to food demand type and requirement, food processing become inevitable link.? In food processing and transportational process, food always contacts with food machinery and Transport Machinery surface and generates different degrees of rub Scouring damage.The abrasion condition on food machinery surface will significantly affect the service life of mechanical part, while can also influence in varying degrees Food safety.Food will lead to a series of problems to the fretting wear of mechanical surface, food machinery rough surface caused by wearing Degree may reduce foodstuff processing efficiency and processing quality, be also easy to cause food residue and be easy to bacterial adhesion breeding, thus Rotten hidden danger occurs.It is therefore desirable to be simulated and monitored to process of friction and wear in food processing process.
Simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear need to solve the main problem of following several respects.First is that food sample comes The reliability in source;Second is that food sample can be experimental;Third is that the controllability of frictional wear experiment process;Fourth is that fretting wear The detection of journey.In terms of the reliability in food sample source, carried out in simulated foods process firstly the need of to raw-food material To guarantee the accuracy and repeatability tested, there are large errors for artificial screening food, will affect the accuracy of experiment for screening And artificial screening larger workload, integrity problem are urgently to be resolved when required experimental food is more.Food sample can be real In terms of the property tested, the food after screening needs to obtain the sample that can be used for friction wear testing machine clamping using the method for edge sample, with Just friction mill experiment is carried out, the edge sample that cold edge is well suited for food is carried out using dental base acrylic resin powder and dental basse acrylic resin liquid, but due to inlaying sample process Need to pay close attention to edge sample liquid liquid level, also with pungent taste and be easy to bond to hand, therefore inlay sample process it is very inconvenient, hand Work edge sample is more complicated and labor intensity is larger.In terms of the controllability of process of friction and wear, due to variety classes food processing The greatest differences of journey, temperature, humidity, revolving speed etc. in experimentation are required to be adjusted and be simulated, this to experimentation and As a result there is very important influence.The context of detection of process of friction and wear, food is as organic matter, in process of friction and wear Temperature and oxidation sensibility, the wear debris and food specimen surface that will lead to its friction surface send out at different conditions Raw corresponding variation, and it is very important to detect these variations in time, when otherwise being detected again after the end of the experiment, often tries Sample surface can have occurred and that new variation because of temperature change.However, fretting wear between existing simulated foods and food machinery Equipment it is also few, and food samples screening, sample preparation, environment adjust and in terms of consider it is less, it is difficult to Meet the simulation to food and food machinery fretting wear.
Therefore, urgent need develops one kind can carry out food screening, edge sample, frictional wear experiment automatically, and can be tested Process environment regulation and the integral type simulated foods of wear surface real-time detection and the equipment of food machinery fretting wear.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of simulated foods and food The integrated experimental provision of mechanical friction abrasion.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of integrated experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear, Including food sorter, edge sampling device, lifting device, frictional wear experimental device, detection regulating device, auxiliary execution device.
The experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear overall process provided by the invention also uses following attached Technical solution:
The auxiliary execution device includes the first manipulator, the second manipulator, third manipulator, and the lifting device is located at described It inlays between sampling device and the frictional wear experimental device, first manipulator is located at the food sorter and the edge sample Between device, between the edge sampling device and the lifting device, the third manipulator is located at second manipulator Between the lifting device and the frictional wear experimental device.
The food sorter includes food conveyer structure, food separator structure, food inspection mechanism, food collection machine Structure, the food separator structure are connected with food conveyer structure one end, and it is defeated that the food inspection mechanism is located at the food It send above mechanism, the food collecting mechanism is located at below the food separator structure, and the food collecting mechanism includes qualification Product feed bin, rejected product feed bin, the food inspection mechanism include laser scanner, surface roughness tester, the food The qualified product size of testing agency's detection requires control errors within prescribed limit.
The food separator structure includes material-falling hopper, sorting channel, and the material-falling hopper is located at described conveying mechanism one end, institute Sorting channel is stated to be located at below the material-falling hopper.
The edge sampling device includes cabinet, orifice plate, liquid level sensor, blender, and the cabinet includes liquid feed valve, described to stir Mixing device includes powder inlet, inlet, liquid outlet, impeller, and the cover board includes position sensor, described liquid outlet one end with it is described Blender connection, the other end are connect with the cabinet.
The lifting device includes lifter plate, carrying disk, rotary shaft dead axle, and described fixing axle one end is located at the carrying disk On middle position, the lifter plate is fixed in one end.
The frictional wear experimental device includes rack, upper experimental bench, lower experimental bench, support device, cover sheet, described Cover sheet includes side overhead door, and the detection regulating device includes Raman spectrometer, optical microscopy, experimental situation adjusting Device, rotating wheel, connecting rod.
The upper experimental bench is connected with the rack, and the lower experimental bench is fixed in the support device, the experiment Environment regulating device is fixed on the cover sheet, and the rotating wheel is mounted in the support device, the optical microphotograph Mirror and the Raman spectrometer are fixed in the branch rotating wheel, and the support device includes telescopic platform, and rotating disk is described flexible Platform includes rotating device.
The experiment link regulating device includes register, humidity control device, and the experiment link regulating device is fixed on Upper and lower ends on the right side of the cover sheet, the register includes discharge pipe, air draft control valve, return pipe, the air draft control Valve processed is mounted on the discharge pipe upper end, and the return pipe is mounted on the cover sheet lower part, installation inside the discharge pipe There is temperature controller, fan, heater are installed inside the cover sheet, the humidity control device includes single-chip microcontroller, humidity biography Sensor, relay, humidifier.
The frictional wear experimental device includes reciprocating friction wear device, rotary fretting wear device, passes through control Whether make the rotating device and rotate can realize the reciprocating friction wear device and rotary fretting wear dress respectively Set, when rotating device rotation, upper sample table is fixed, the rotation of lower sample table, it can be achieved that rotary fretting wear device, when When the rotating device is fixed, upper sample table is moved back and forth, and lower sample table is fixed, it can be achieved that reciprocating friction wear device.
It is and existing according to a kind of integral type experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear provided by the present invention There is technology to compare, the present invention has the following advantages: first, the present invention realizes from food sample source and screens edge sample to friction mill Damage arrives the overall process of wear surface detection again, and this unitary design avoids real as caused by human factor to the full extent Error is tested, so that the simulation of food and food machinery fretting wear becomes more accurate, has also liberated experiment people to the full extent Member;Second, present invention introduces the designs of food sorter, carry out automatic screening to food and inlay sample, reduce human error, save It has saved manpower and has carried out the automatic screening of equivalent standard by shape, diameter and the roughness to food, enhanced experiment knot The accuracy and repeatability of fruit;Third, the present invention can be achieved temperature, humidity in experimentation and be adjusted, and can make reality It tests holding at the specified temperature, experiment condition can also be changed by adjusting temperature, so as to process according to different food products Actual conditions in the process carry out the simulation of temperature and humidity;4th, it can by the conversion of optical microscopy and Raman spectrometer To be measured in real time to sample surface morphology and microstructure, polishing scratch and wear debris to wear surface are divided in real time Analysis, obtains more accurate information, avoids existing experiment since the time interval in analytic process causes friction surface to produce The problem of object changes;5th, reciprocating friction abrasion and rotation can be realized respectively by the way that whether control rotating device rotates Rotatable fretting wear is suitable for different test conditions.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of food sorter
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for inlaying sampling device
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of AND DEWATERING FOR ORIFICE STRUCTURE
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram for detecting regulating device
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of register
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of humidity control device
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of carrying disk.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of integrated experimental provision of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear, including food sorter 1, Inlay sampling device 2, frictional wear experimental device 3, detection regulating device, auxiliary execution device.
The auxiliary execution device includes the first manipulator 51, the second manipulator 52, third manipulator 53, lifting device 54, the lifting device 54 is between the edge sampling device 2 and the frictional wear experimental device 3, first machinery 51 Hand between the food sorter 1 and the edge sampling device 2, second manipulator 52 be located at the edge sampling device 2 and Between the lifting device 54, the third manipulator 53 is located at the lifting device 54 and the frictional wear experimental device 3 Between, the food screened is put into edge sampling device 2 by first manipulator 51, the sample that second manipulator 52 will have been inlayed Product are put into the lifting device 54, and the third manipulator 53 takes out sample from the lifting device 54 is put into described rub Wiping is touched in experimental provision 3, and the lifting device 54 may be implemented once to transport multiple samples.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the food sorter 1 includes food conveyer structure 11, food separator structure 12, food inspection Mechanism 13, food collecting mechanism 14 are surveyed, the food separator structure 12 is connected with described 11 one end of food conveyer structure, the food Product testing agency 13 is located at 11 top of food conveyer structure, and the food collecting mechanism 14 is located at the food separator structure 12 lower sections, the food collecting mechanism 14 include qualified product feed bin 141, rejected product feed bin 142, the food inspection mechanism 13 Including laser scanner 131, surface roughness tester 132, the food inspection mechanism 13 passes through 131 pairs of laser scanner foods Product shape is scanned and calculates food diameter by computer software, and the surface roughness tester 132 is to food surface light Slippery is detected, when the shape of food, diameter, surface flatness three error within 3% (error criterion Control can be adjusted according to actual needs), the sorting channel 122 connected into qualified product feed bin 141, when outside food If shape, diameter, surface flatness three error have one be greater than the control of error criterion described in 3%(can be according to actual needs It is adjusted) then enter the sorting channel 122 that rejected product feed bin 142 is connected.
Referring to fig. 2, the food separator structure 12 includes material-falling hopper 121, sorting channel 122, and the material-falling hopper 121 is located at Described conveying mechanism one end 11, the sorting channel 122 are located at 121 lower section of material-falling hopper.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the edge sampling device 2 includes cabinet 21, orifice plate 22, liquid level sensor 23, blender 24, institute Stating cabinet 21 includes liquid feed valve 211, and the blender 24 includes powder inlet 241, inlet 242, liquid outlet 243, impeller 244, Described 243 one end of liquid outlet is connect with the blender 24, and the other end is connect with the cabinet 21, and dental base acrylic resin powder is from the powder inlet 241 enter the blenders, the dental basse acrylic resin liquid from the inlet 242 enter the blender, then the powder inlet 241, The inlet 242, the liquid feed valve 211 are closed, and are rotated uniform stirring by the impeller 244 and are inlayed sample liquid, after the completion of stirring Opening the liquid feed valve 211 makes to inlay the sample liquid inflow cabinet 21, and the cabinet 21 is used to store edge sample liquid, the Liquid level Device 23 is used to control the liquid level of edge sample liquid, and the liquid level sensor controls the folding of the liquid feed valve 211, when the cabinet When edge sample liquid height in 21 reaches liquid level, the liquid feed valve 211 is closed, when the intracorporal edge sample liquid height of the case does not reach When to liquid level, the opening of liquid feed valve 211, which makes to inlay sample liquid, to be continued to flow in cabinet, and the orifice plate 22 makes food mix ground Disperse and can once carry out multiple sample edge samples.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 8, the lifting device 54 includes lifter plate 541, carrying disk 542, rotary shaft 543, fixing axle 544, described 544 one end of fixing axle is located on 542 middle position of carrying disk, and the lifter plate 541 is fixed in one end, described The distance between the adjustable carrying disk 542 of fixing axle 544 and 541 plates of the lifting are to guarantee food during transportation It can stablize and not destroy the original shape of food, the carrying disk 542 has multiple holes that can place the big of multiple samples and hole It is small it is inconsistent be suitable for all product of various sizes of edge, when the size for inlaying all product changes, no replacement is required carrying disk, the rotation Shaft 544 rotates clockwise certain angle according to the lattice angle of the carrying disk 542, and second manipulator 52 is by multiple samples Product are put into suitable lattice by several times, and rotation equal angular can make mechanical 53 hands of the third to the rotary shaft 544 counterclockwise Sample is taken out, the fixing axle 544 can guarantee that the lifting device 54 can be stablized according to the whole height of height promoting or transferring of sample Transport sample without make sample generate damage.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, the frictional wear experimental device 3 includes rack 31, upper experimental bench 32, lower experimental bench 33, branch Support arrangement 34, cover sheet 35, the cover sheet 35 include side overhead door 351, and the detection regulating device includes Raman Spectrometer 41, optical microscopy 42, experimental situation regulating device 43, rotating wheel 44, connecting rod 45, the Raman spectrometer 41 is to sample The ingredient of product is analyzed, and the microstructure change of the optical microscopy 42 constantly test sample, the cover sheet 35 has Conducive to temperature and humidity adjusting is carried out, pass through the folding of the side overhead door 351 and the cooperation of the third manipulator 53 Sample may be implemented to be automatically put into the lower sample table 33, the upper sample table 32 is used to install sample, the lower examination Platform 33 is tested to be used to that lower sample is installed.
The upper experimental bench 32 is connected with the rack 31, and the lower experimental bench 33 is fixed in the support device 34, The experimental situation regulating device 43 is fixed on the cover sheet 35, and the rotating wheel 44 is mounted on the support device 34 On, the Raman spectrometer 41, the optical microscopy 42 are fixed in the branch rotating wheel 44, and the support device 34 includes Telescopic platform 341, rotating disk 342, the telescopic platform 341 include rotating device 3411, the adjustable lower experimental bench of telescopic platform 33 and upper experimental bench 32 distance, the rack 31 supports the fretting wear device 3, and the rotating wheel 44 may be implemented described The switching of Raman spectrometer 41 and the optical microscopy 42.
Referring to Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, the experiment link regulating device 43 includes register 431, humidity control device 432, the reality It tests link regulating device 43 and is fixed on the 35 right side upper and lower ends of cover sheet, the register 431 includes discharge pipe 4311, air draft control valve 4312, return pipe 4313, the air draft control valve 4312 are mounted on 4311 upper end of discharge pipe, institute It states and temperature controller 4314 is installed inside discharge pipe 4311, the return pipe 4313 is mounted on 35 lower end of cover sheet, described Fan 4315, heater 4316 are installed, the humidity control device 432 includes single-chip microcontroller 4321, humidity biography inside cover sheet 35 Sensor 4322, relay 4323, humidifier 4324, when the temperature controller 4314 senses experimental temperature lower than required temperature When spending, the register 431 cooperatively forms hot wind by the fan 4315 and heater 4316, and hot wind is utilized to carry out temperature Degree is adjusted, and the circulation of hot air flow is cooperatively formed by discharge pipe 4311 and return pipe 4313, realizes the recycling of hot wind, is closed Reason utilizes heat, high-efficient, when the temperature controller 4315 senses experimental temperature lower than required temperature, the temperature adjustment 431 opening fans 4315 of device reduce experimental temperature, the damping dress by the cooperation of discharge pipe 4311 and return pipe 4313 432 are set with single-chip microcontroller 4321 as minimum control unit, temperature and humidity analog quantity information is acquired using humidity sensor 4322, works as humidity When value is lower than set threshold value, relay 4323 is responded, and control humidifier 4324 works, when humidity reaches threshold values, indoor humidity Reach comfort value, humidifier 4324 stops working.
Of the invention specific use process is as follows: food being poured into from the material-falling hopper 121 of food separator structure 12, is passed through The laser scanner 131 and surface roughness tester 132 of food inspection mechanism 13 are to the shape of food, diameter, rough surface Degree is detected.When the shape of food, diameter, surface flatness three error within 3%, into qualified product feed bin The 1141 sorting channels 122 connected, as long as when the error of the shape of food, diameter, surface flatness three have one to be greater than 3% sorting channel 122 connected into rejected product feed bin 142.Food is delivered to by the food conveyer structure 11 The qualified product screened is put into the hole of edge sampling device 2 by corresponding sorting channel 122, the first manipulator 51 from qualified product feed bin 1141 In plate 22, into edge sample process.Dental base acrylic resin powder enters blender 24 from powder inlet 241, and denture fixing device liquid enters blender from inlet 242 24, powder inlet 241, inlet 242, liquid feed valve 211 are turned off, and are rotated uniform stirring by impeller 244 and are inlayed sample liquid, stirring is completed Opening liquid feed valve 211 afterwards makes to inlay sample liquid inflow cabinet 21, and cabinet 21 is used to store edge sample liquid.The control edge sample liquid of fluid level controller 23 Liquid level, when the edge sample liquid height in cabinet 21 reaches liquid level, liquid feed valve 211 is closed, the edge in cabinet 21 Sample liquid height is not up to liquid level, and the opening of liquid feed valve 211 continues to flow to edge sample liquid in cabinet 21, until reaching liquid Position height inlays sample liquid even into orifice plate 22.Sample is taken out from edge sampling device 2 by the second manipulator 52 after the completion of inlaying sample Product are put into the carrying disk 52 of the lifting device 54, adjust carrying disk 52 and lifting by changing the height of fixing axle 544 The distance between plate 541.Rotary shaft 543 rotates clockwise certain angle according to the lattice angle of carrying disk 52, makes the second machinery Multiple samples are put into suitable lattice by hand 52 by several times, are transported to the identical of frictional wear experimental device 3 by lifting device 54 At height, rotation equal angular makes the taking-up sample of third manipulator 53 be put into lower sample table 33 and lead to rotary shaft 543 counterclockwise Cross telescopic platform 341 adjust lower experimental bench 33 and upper experimental bench 32 apart from and after loading, engaging friction wear test process.Friction mill Damage experiment can be divided into two kinds of situations, the first situation, upper sample table 32 is fixed, and lower sample table 33 is driven by rotating device 3411 Rotation is rotary fretting wear device, and second situation, the upper reciprocating movement of sample table 32, it is reciprocal that lower sample table 33 is fixed Formula fretting wear device.By register 431 and humidity control device 432 to temperature, humidity is adjusted, when experimental temperature is lower than When required temperature, register 431 cooperatively forms hot wind by fan 4315 and heater 4316, and hot wind is utilized to carry out temperature Degree is adjusted, and the circulation of hot air flow is cooperatively formed by discharge pipe 4311 and return pipe 4313;Required by experimental temperature is higher than When temperature, 431 opening fans 4316 of register reduce experiment temperature by the cooperation of discharge pipe 4311 and return pipe 4313 Degree, when humidity value is lower than set threshold value;Relay 4323 responds, and control humidifier 4324 works, when humidity reaches threshold values; Indoor humidity reaches required value, and humidifier 4324 stops working.Optical microscopy 42 constantly detects the microscopic appearance of sample, passes through Computer record data grind 41 test sample surface of Raman spectrometer and friction by rotating wheel 44 when microstructure changes Damage the ingredient and record on surface.

Claims (10)

1. the integrated experimental provision of a kind of simulated foods and food machinery fretting wear, it is characterised in that: including food sorter, Inlay sampling device, frictional wear experimental device, detection regulating device, auxiliary execution device.
2. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 1 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: the auxiliary execution device includes the first manipulator, the second manipulator, third manipulator, lifting device, the lifting device Between the edge sampling device and the frictional wear experimental device, first manipulator be located at the food sorter with Between the edge sampling device, second manipulator is between the edge sampling device and the lifting device, the third machine Tool hand is between the lifting device and the frictional wear experimental device.
3. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 1 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: the food sorter include food conveyer structure, food separator structure, food inspection mechanism, food collecting mechanism, it is described Food separator structure is connected with food conveyer structure one end, and the food inspection mechanism is located on the food conveyer structure Side, the food collecting mechanism are located at below the food separator structure, and the food collecting mechanism includes qualified product feed bin, no Qualified product feed bin, the food inspection mechanism includes laser scanner and surface roughness tester.
4. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 1 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: the edge sampling device includes cabinet, orifice plate, liquid level sensor, blender, and the cabinet includes liquid feed valve, the blender Including powder inlet, inlet, liquid outlet, impeller, described liquid outlet one end is connect with the blender, the other end and the cabinet Connection.
5. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 2 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist It include lifter plate, carrying disk, rotary shaft, fixing axle in the lifting device, described fixing axle one end is located in the carrying disk Between on position, the lifter plate is fixed in described fixing axle one end.
6. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 1 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: the frictional wear experimental device includes rack, upper experimental bench, lower experimental bench, support device, cover sheet, the protection Cover board includes side overhead door, and the detection regulating device includes Raman spectrometer, optical microscopy, experimental situation adjusting dress It sets, rotating wheel, connecting rod.
7. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 6 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: the upper experimental bench is connected with the rack, and the lower experimental bench is fixed in the support device, the experimental situation tune Regulating device is fixed on the cover sheet, and the rotating wheel is mounted in the support device, the optical microscopy, described Raman spectrometer is fixed in the rotating wheel.
8. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 6 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: the experiment link regulating device includes register, humidity control device, and the experiment link regulating device is fixed on the guarantor Upper and lower ends on the right side of protecting cover plate, the register include discharge pipe, air draft control valve and return pipe, the air draft control valve peace Mounted in the discharge pipe upper end, temperature controller is installed inside the discharge pipe, the return pipe is mounted under cover sheet It holds, fan, heater is installed inside the cover sheet, the humidity control device includes single-chip microcontroller, humidity sensor, relay Device, humidifier.
9. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 1 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: the frictional wear experimental device includes reciprocating friction wear device and rotary fretting wear device.
10. the experimental provision of simulated foods according to claim 9 and food machinery fretting wear overall process, feature exist In: sample table moves back and forth on the reciprocating friction wear device, and lower sample table is fixed, the rotary fretting wear device Upper sample table is fixed, lower sample table rotation.
CN201910193617.2A 2019-03-14 2019-03-14 Integrated experimental device for simulating friction and wear of food and food machinery Active CN109738319B (en)

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