CN210008234U

CN210008234U - High-efficiency straw returning machine

Info

Publication number: CN210008234U
Application number: CN201920742542.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏传波; 于洪亮
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-22
Filing date: 2019-05-22
Publication date: 2020-02-04
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-22

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine's technique and specifically relates to a high-efficient straw returning machine. Including frame and rack-mounted gearbox, the arbor of being connected with the gearbox transmission and cover the apron in the arbor top, the arbor is including parallel arrangement's preceding arbor and back arbor, installs the flail knife on the preceding arbor, installs the movable blade on the back arbor, the inboard of apron is provided with tool bit and stationary blade, and the tool bit is the shearing cooperation with the flail knife, and the stationary blade is the shearing cooperation with the movable blade. This straw returning machine is rational in infrastructure, smash efficiently, through the processing of two sets of shearing tool, can realize the high-efficient shredding to crop straw, and the straw piece after the processing accords with the requirement that the straw returned to the field.

Description

High-efficiency straw returning machine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine's technique and specifically relates to a high-efficient straw returning machine.

Background

The treatment of the crop straws wastes time and labor. The burning method not only pollutes the environment, but also easily causes fire, and is a clear prohibition of national policy; the centralized recovery method needs to consume a large amount of manpower, occupies a large storage field, has poor economic benefit and large popularization difficulty; the returning method can smash the straws back to the field to be rotted and fermented, does not cause environmental pollution, is simple and convenient, can improve the soil quality with low cost, and is a relatively good method for processing the crop straws. However, the existing straw returning machine is generally low in efficiency, and the processed straw scraps are large, the fermentation and decomposition speed is low, and the soil finishing and cultivation are influenced after returning to the field. The reason is that the existing straw returning machine adopts a rotary tillage structure, a rotary blade shaft is used for driving a rotary blade to rotate, the rotary blade head is used for cutting off and smashing crop straws, the rotary blade does not have a fixed blade which forms a shearing effect with the rotary blade when working, the shearing of the straws cannot be realized, the acting force of cutting off and smashing the rotary blade is offset by the toughness part of the crop straws, and the treated straw fragments are difficult to reach the requirement of returning the field. If the fixed cutter and the movable cutter are matched with each other to form a shearing effect, the difficulty caused by the toughness of the straws can be overcome, the crop straws are efficiently chopped, and the treated straw scraps are finely crushed, so that the requirement of returning the straws to the field is met.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a high-efficient straw returning machine that rational in infrastructure, smash efficient, have the shearing effect.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model discloses a high-efficient straw returning machine includes the frame and installs gearbox in the frame, the arbor of being connected with the gearbox transmission and cover the apron above the arbor, the arbor includes parallel arrangement's preceding arbor and back arbor, the rotation direction of preceding arbor and back arbor is opposite, installs the flail knife on the preceding arbor, installs the movable blade on the back arbor, the inboard of apron is provided with the preceding arc-shaped groove of matching preceding arbor and the back arc-shaped groove of matching back arbor, preceding arc-shaped groove is located the top of preceding arbor, on the inner wall of preceding arc-shaped groove, correspond to the fixed position of flail knife and install the tool bit of matching the flail knife, the tool bit is the shearing cooperation with the flail knife; the rear arc-shaped groove is positioned above the rear cutter shaft, the bottom plate is arranged below the rear cutter shaft, the shape of the bottom plate is symmetrical to that of the rear arc-shaped groove, a fixed blade matched with the movable blade is fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the rear arc-shaped groove and the bottom plate and corresponds to the position of the movable blade, and the fixed blade is in shearing fit with the movable blade.

And a depth limiting wheel shaft is arranged behind the rack, is positioned behind the rear cutter shaft and is arranged in parallel with the rear cutter shaft, and is provided with a depth limiting wheel.

The flail knife comprises a flail knife seat fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front knife shaft and a flail knife rod hinged to the flail knife seat at the root, and a Y-shaped fork head is arranged at the top of the flail knife rod.

The gearbox is mounted at the front end of the frame, a driving shaft for connecting a power output shaft of a tractor is arranged at the front end of the gearbox, a left output shaft and a right output shaft are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the gearbox, the left output shaft is in transmission connection with the rear cutter shaft through a left belt transmission mechanism, and the right output shaft is in transmission connection with the front cutter shaft through a right belt transmission mechanism; an active bevel gear, a left driven bevel gear and a right driven bevel gear are arranged in an inner cavity of the gearbox, the left driven bevel gear and the right driven bevel gear are both normally meshed with the active bevel gear, the active bevel gear is fixedly connected to the driving shaft, the left driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the left output shaft, and the right driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the right output shaft.

After the scheme is adopted, the straw returning machine is reasonable in structure and high in crushing efficiency, the flail knife and the knife head, the movable blade and the fixed blade form two groups of cutters with shearing effect, efficient crushing treatment on crop straws can be achieved through treatment of the two groups of shearing cutters, and the treated straw fragments meet the requirement of straw returning.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a front cutter shaft and a flail cutter.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the shear fit of the flail with the cutter head.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the shear fit structure of the movable blade and the fixed blade.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a gearbox and transmission.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, high-efficient straw returning machine includes frame 1 and rack 1 on gearbox 2, with the arbor that gearbox 2 transmission is connected and cover the apron in the arbor top, the fixed left side board 11 and the right side board 12, the top of being provided with of the left and right sides of frame 1 are provided with apron 13, the arbor passes through the bearing and rotatably installs between left side board 11 and right side board 12, apron 13's below. A depth limiting wheel shaft 7 is arranged behind the rack 1, the depth limiting wheel shaft 7 is positioned behind the rear cutter shaft 4 and is arranged in parallel with the rear cutter shaft 4, and a depth limiting wheel 8 is arranged on the depth limiting wheel shaft 7.

The cutter shafts comprise a front cutter shaft 3 and a rear cutter shaft 4 which are arranged in parallel, the rotating directions of the front cutter shaft 3 and the rear cutter shaft 4 are opposite through the conversion action of the gearbox 2, the front cutter shaft 3 rotates clockwise as shown in figure 2, and the rear cutter shaft 4 rotates anticlockwise. The front cutter shaft 3 is provided with a flail cutter 5, and the rear cutter shaft 4 is provided with a movable blade 6. Every three or four flail knives 5 are uniformly distributed around the outer wall of the front cutter shaft 3 in a group, and a plurality of groups of flail knives are uniformly distributed along the axis of the front cutter shaft 3; every three or four movable blades 6 are uniformly distributed around the outer wall of the rear cutter shaft 4 in a group, and a plurality of groups of movable blades are uniformly distributed along the axis of the rear cutter shaft 4. As shown in fig. 3, the flail knife 5 includes a flail knife seat 52 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front knife shaft 3 and a flail knife rod 53 hinged to the flail knife seat 52 at the root, and a Y-shaped fork 54 is arranged at the top of the flail knife rod 53. The flail knife seat 52 is welded on the outer wall of the front knife shaft 3, a hinge shaft for installing a flail knife rod 53 is arranged on the flail knife seat 52, and the root of the flail knife rod 53 is arranged on the hinge shaft. The movable blade 6 is in a trapezoidal or triangular sheet structure with a wider bottom and a narrower top, and the bottom of the movable blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rear cutter shaft 4 through a connecting plate or can be directly welded to the outer wall of the rear cutter shaft 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a front arc groove 31 matched with the front cutter shaft 3 and a rear arc groove 41 matched with the rear cutter shaft 4 are arranged on the inner side of the cover plate, the front arc groove 31 is located above the front cutter shaft 3, a cutter head 51 matched with the flail cutter 5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the front arc groove 31 corresponding to the position of the flail cutter 5, each group of flail cutters 5 at least corresponds to one cutter head 51, the cutter head 51 is in shear fit with the flail cutter 5, the cutter head 51 is a triangular sheet structure erected on the inner wall of the front arc groove 31, and is directly welded on the front arc groove 31 or connected on the front arc groove 31 through a connecting plate. As shown in fig. 4, when the front cutter shaft 3 rotates to drive the flail knives 5 to skim the cutter head 51, the cutter head 51 passes through the middle of the Y-shaped fork head 54, two angles of the fork head 54 respectively skim through two sides of the cutter head 51, the distance between the fork head 54 and the cutter head 51 is very close, and a shearing fit is formed between the two, so that crop straws picked up by the flail knives 5 can be cut and smashed, and the length of the straw scraps can be limited as long as the distance between two adjacent groups of flail knives 5 is controlled, so that the requirement of returning the straws to the field is met.

The rear arc-shaped groove 41 is positioned above the rear cutter shaft 4, the bottom plate 9 is arranged below the rear cutter shaft 4, the shape of the bottom plate 9 is symmetrical to the rear arc-shaped groove 41, the left side and the right side of the bottom plate 9 are respectively and fixedly connected to the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12, a gap 42 is formed between the front end of the bottom plate 9 and the rear arc-shaped groove 41, so that crop straws picked up by the flail knife 5 can enter a space between the bottom plate 9 and the rear arc-shaped groove 41 through the gap 42, a discharge hole 43 is formed between the rear end of the bottom plate 9 and the rear arc-shaped groove 41, and the straws picked up by the movable blade 6 can be discharged backwards through the discharge hole 43. And fixed blades 61 matched with the movable blades 6 are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the rear arc-shaped groove 41 and the bottom plate 9 at positions corresponding to the movable blades 6, each group of movable blades 6 at least corresponds to one group of fixed blades 61, and the fixed blades 61 are in shearing fit with the movable blades 6. As shown in fig. 5, each set of stationary blades 61 is composed of two parallel blades, and the rear cutter shaft 4 rotates to drive the movable blade 6 to sweep between the two blades, so that the length of the straw scraps can be limited by controlling the gap between the two blades and the distance between two adjacent sets of stationary blades, and the requirement of returning the straw to the field can be met.

The gearbox 2 is installed at the front end of the frame 1, a driving shaft 21 used for being connected with a power output shaft of a tractor is arranged at the front end of the gearbox 2, a left output shaft 22 and a right output shaft 23 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the gearbox 2, the left output shaft 22 is in transmission connection with the rear cutter shaft 4 through a left belt transmission mechanism, and the right output shaft 23 is in transmission connection with the front cutter shaft 3 through a right belt transmission mechanism. An active bevel gear 24, a left driven bevel gear 25 and a right driven bevel gear 26 are arranged in an inner cavity of the gearbox 2, the left driven bevel gear 25 and the right driven bevel gear 26 are symmetrically arranged and located on the same axis, and the axis where the left driven bevel gear 25 and the right driven bevel gear 26 are located is perpendicular to the axis of the active bevel gear 24. The left driven bevel gear 25 and the right driven bevel gear 26 are both constantly meshed with the driving bevel gear 24, the driving bevel gear 24 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 21, the left driven bevel gear 25 is fixedly connected to the left output shaft 22, and the right driven bevel gear 26 is fixedly connected to the right output shaft 23. When the driving bevel gear 24 is rotated by the driving shaft 21, the driving bevel gear 24 drives the left driven bevel gear 25 and the right driven bevel gear 26 to rotate in opposite directions, respectively. In the direction of fig. 2, the left driven bevel gear 25 rotates counterclockwise, and the right driven bevel gear 26 rotates clockwise.

When the tractor is used, the rack 1 is connected to the rear suspension of the tractor, the driving shaft 21 is connected with the power output shaft of the tractor, the depth limiting wheel 8 is in contact with the ground and used for limiting the ground clearance between the front cutter shaft 3 and the rear cutter shaft 4, so that the top end of the flail knife 5 on the front cutter shaft 3 is just in contact with the ground, and the bottom plate 9 is not in contact with the ground. The right output shaft 23 drives the front cutter shaft 3 to rotate clockwise, the flail knife 5 skips the crop straws on the ground when sweeping the ground, the raked crop straws are cut and smashed when sweeping the cutter head 51, and then are thrown backwards and enter the space between the bottom plate 9 and the rear arc-shaped groove 41 through the gap 42; the left output shaft 22 drives the rear cutter shaft 4 to rotate anticlockwise, the movable blade 6 on the rear cutter shaft 4 receives the crop straws thrown ahead to rotate anticlockwise and form a shearing effect with the fixed blade 61 again, the straws are sheared and broken again, and finally the straws are sent out from the discharge port 43 and thrown into farmlands, so that the straw returning operation is realized.

Claims

1. High-efficient straw returning machine, including frame (1) and install gearbox (2) in frame (1), the arbor of being connected with gearbox (2) transmission and cover the apron in the arbor top, its characterized in that: the cutter shafts comprise a front cutter shaft (3) and a rear cutter shaft (4) which are arranged in parallel, the rotation directions of the front cutter shaft (3) and the rear cutter shaft (4) are opposite, a flail knife (5) is installed on the front cutter shaft (3), a movable blade (6) is installed on the rear cutter shaft (4), a front arc-shaped groove (31) matched with the front cutter shaft (3) and a rear arc-shaped groove (41) matched with the rear cutter shaft (4) are formed in the inner side of the cover plate, the front arc-shaped groove (31) is located above the front cutter shaft (3), a cutter head (51) matched with the flail knife (5) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the front arc-shaped groove (31) and in a position corresponding to the flail knife (5), and the cutter head (51) is in shearing fit with the fla; rear arc groove (41) are located the top of back arbor (4), are provided with bottom plate (9) in the below of back arbor (4), the shape and the rear arc groove (41) symmetry of bottom plate (9), on the inner wall of rear arc groove (41) and bottom plate (9), corresponding to the fixed position of moving blade (6) and install stationary knife piece (61) that match moving blade (6), stationary knife piece (61) are the shearing cooperation with moving blade (6).

2. The high-efficiency straw returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a depth limiting wheel shaft (7) is installed behind the rack (1), the depth limiting wheel shaft (7) is located behind the rear cutter shaft (4) and is arranged in parallel with the rear cutter shaft (4), and a depth limiting wheel (8) is installed on the depth limiting wheel shaft (7).

3. The high-efficiency straw returning machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the flail knife (5) comprises a flail knife seat (52) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front knife shaft (3) and a flail knife rod (53) hinged to the flail knife seat (52) at the root, and a Y-shaped fork head (54) is arranged at the top of the flail knife rod (53).

4. The high-efficiency straw returning machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the gearbox (2) is mounted at the front end of the rack (1), the front end of the gearbox (2) is provided with a driving shaft (21) connected with a power output shaft of a tractor, the left side and the right side of the gearbox (2) are respectively provided with a left output shaft (22) and a right output shaft (23), the left output shaft (22) is in transmission connection with the rear cutter shaft (4) through a left belt transmission mechanism, and the right output shaft (23) is in transmission connection with the front cutter shaft (3) through a right belt transmission mechanism; an active bevel gear (24), a left driven bevel gear (25) and a right driven bevel gear (26) are arranged in an inner cavity of the gearbox (2), the left driven bevel gear (25) and the right driven bevel gear (26) are normally meshed with the active bevel gear (24), the active bevel gear (24) is fixedly connected to a driving shaft (21), the left driven bevel gear (25) is fixedly connected to a left output shaft (22), and the right driven bevel gear (26) is fixedly connected to a right output shaft (23).