CN212753307U - Rotary tillage knife roller for smashing and returning high stubble straws for paddy field and dry land - Google Patents

Rotary tillage knife roller for smashing and returning high stubble straws for paddy field and dry land Download PDF

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Publication number
CN212753307U
CN212753307U CN202021648345.5U CN202021648345U CN212753307U CN 212753307 U CN212753307 U CN 212753307U CN 202021648345 U CN202021648345 U CN 202021648345U CN 212753307 U CN212753307 U CN 212753307U
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cutter
crushing
knife
blades
rotary tillage
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郑侃
刘国阳
夏俊芳
刘博�
徐磊
程健
张居敏
杜俊
李栋
刘政源
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary tillage cutter roller for smashing high stubble straws and returning the straws to the field for both paddy and dry fields, which comprises a cutter shaft and a plurality of cutter roller monomers fixedly arranged on the cutter shaft, wherein each cutter roller monomer comprises at least two cutter head cutter assemblies; each cutter head and cutter assembly comprises a cutter head, a plurality of rotary blades and a plurality of crushing blades, wherein the center of the cutter head is provided with a cutter shaft connecting hole; for each knife roller monomer, a plurality of anti-winding long knives and a plurality of spiral cross knives which are arranged transversely across all cutterhead cutter assemblies of the knife roller monomer are also included; a plurality of anti-winding long knives are arranged around the axis of the knife roll monomer; the plurality of spiral transverse cutters are arranged around the axis of the cutter roller monomer and are arranged in a multi-thread spiral line. The utility model discloses the operation is of high quality, efficient, and the rotor commonality is low, the straw crushing rate is low, bury when having solved the still field operation of traditional rotary cultivator straw, cover the quality poor, easily twine careless scheduling problem.

Description

Rotary tillage knife roller for smashing and returning high stubble straws for paddy field and dry land
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rotary tillage knife roll, in particular to a rotary tillage knife roll for smashing high stubble straws and returning the straws to the field for both paddy fields and dry lands.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, a large amount of straws are produced every year, and the traditional method usually adopts incineration treatment, so that not only is resource waste caused, but also the environment is polluted, and the soil structure is damaged. The straw is an important renewable biological energy source and is rich in abundant trace elements. The mechanized straw returning is a sustainable project which accords with protective cultivation, is beneficial to protecting the environment and increasing the soil fertility.
At present, the straw crushing and returning machine developed at home and abroad mainly has 2 types: firstly, a straw crushing and throwing machine matched with the combine harvester; a straw crushing and returning machine matched with the tractor; in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, the adopted machine is mainly a straw crushing and returning machine which can be divided into three modes of straw burying, straw covering and straw crushing and mixing according to a straw mechanical returning mode.
The grass-winding-free straw returning rotary tiller disclosed in the Chinese patent ZL200610156300.4 is characterized in that the grass-winding-free straw returning rotary tiller is additionally provided with the grass-blocking cross bars on the cutter shaft of the traditional rotary tiller, so that the problem of grass winding of the cutter shaft in high stubble straw returning operation of the rotary tiller is solved, the straw burying effect is poor, most of straws still remain on the ground surface, and subsequent operation links such as sowing, transplanting and the like are affected.
The utility model discloses a "boat form rotary tillage machine of burying grass" that chinese utility model patent ZL200520099738.4 disclosed adopts bilateral symmetry's the spiral rotor that is equipped with positive and negative spiral horizontal sword and founds the sword, and the operation breadth can reach 700mm, and the adaptation straw height can reach about 700mm, and the straw percentage of coverage reaches 94.6%, but its founds the sword and does not realize its anticipated function, and broken stubble ability is not enough, and machine operating efficiency is on the low side.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a rotary tillage rotor for paddy and dry land with good effect of returning straws to the field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the rotary tillage cutter roller for smashing and returning the high stubble straws for the paddy field and the dry land designed by the utility model comprises a cutter shaft and a plurality of cutter roller monomers fixedly arranged on the cutter shaft, wherein each cutter roller monomer comprises at least two cutter head cutter assemblies; each cutter head and cutter assembly comprises a cutter head, a plurality of rotary blades and a plurality of crushing blades, wherein the center of the cutter head is provided with a cutter shaft connecting hole; for each knife roller monomer, a plurality of anti-winding long knives and a plurality of spiral cross knives which are arranged transversely across all cutterhead cutter assemblies of the knife roller monomer are also included; a plurality of anti-winding long knives are arranged around the axis of the knife roll monomer; the plurality of spiral transverse cutters are arranged around the axis of the cutter roller monomer and are arranged in a multi-thread spiral line.
Preferably, each side of the cutter head is provided with 4-8 fan blades, and the fan blades surround the center of the cutter head to form central symmetry. When the knife roller crushes the straws, the fan blades can improve the wind speed of the crushing cavity and the straw feeding function at the inlet of the crushing chamber. The shape of the fan blade can be selected according to the requirement, and the utility model discloses do not limit it.
Preferably, the outer circular surface of the cutter head is densely provided with the sawteeth, so that straws can be torn and broken, and the subsequent rotary burying operation is facilitated; the rotary tillage cutter, the crushing cutter, the anti-winding long cutter and the spiral horizontal cutter are all provided with cutting edges on one side contacting with the ground surface, and the other side can also be edged according to the circumstances except the anti-winding long cutter so as to carry out reverse rotation operation or positive and negative replacement.
Preferably, crushing sword is "T" shape, gives consideration to pick up the straw function and smashes the straw function, compares in traditional cutter, and the function is concentrated reducible cutter installation number to have from the desorption function, be difficult to twine the grass on it.
Preferably, the diameter d of blade disc is 400 ~ 440mm, the radius of rotation of anti-wind long sword is d/2+ (0 ~ 10) mm, the radius of rotation of spiral horizontal sword is d/2+ (20 ~ 40) mm, the radius of rotation of rotary blade is d/2+ (40 ~ 75) mm, the radius of rotation of smashing the sword is d/2+ (50 ~ 80) mm, is favorable to the straw to pick up and is convenient for subsequent broken stubble, smashes and bury soon.
Preferably, each blade disc is provided with a plurality of axial blade grooves and a plurality of radial blade grooves along the circumferential direction, each anti-winding long blade penetrates through and is fixed at one axial blade groove of each blade disc of the blade roller monomer where the anti-winding long blade is located, and the roots of each rotary blade and each crushing blade are respectively inserted into and fixed in one radial blade groove.
Preferably, each spiral transverse knife is fixedly connected with the crushing knives at the two ends of the knife roll monomer where the spiral transverse knife is located; two adjacent knife roll monomers share a cutter head cutter component, and two sides of a crushing knife on the cutter head cutter component are respectively connected with the end part of a spiral transverse knife of one knife roll monomer.
Preferably, the spiral transverse cutters arranged on the same cutter roller monomer have the same rotating direction and are arranged in a multi-thread spiral line, and the helix angle is 20-35 degrees; the spiral transverse cutters arranged on two adjacent cutter roller single bodies are opposite in rotation direction, so that the spiral transverse cutters are integrally arranged on the cutter shaft in a zigzag manner, and the axial force during operation can be reduced.
Preferably, the rotary blades and the crushing blades on each cutter head cutter assembly are alternately arranged and uniformly distributed around the center of the cutter head, and a plurality of rotary blades and crushing blades are respectively spirally arranged in a multi-line manner from the whole cutter shaft.
Preferably, the number of the rotary tillage cutters and the crushing cutters on each cutter head cutter assembly is three, and the interval angle is 60 degrees; the phase angles of the rotary tillage cutter and the crushing cutter on the two adjacent cutter head cutter assemblies are respectively separated by 120 degrees; one of the three rotary blades on each cutter head cutter component is a left-bending rotary blade or a right-bending rotary blade, and the bending directions of the other two rotary blades are opposite to the bending directions of the other two rotary blades.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1) the rotary tillage cutter, the crushing cutter and the spiral horizontal cutter are effectively matched, the resistance to tillage by the cutter roller is small, the resistance to soil penetration by the spiral horizontal cutter is low, the cutting edge is not easy to wear, the rotary tillage cutter, the crushing cutter, the burying, the covering, the crushing and the flat ground are integrated, and the agricultural requirements of subsequent seeding, transplanting and the like can be met by one-time operation of a tractor when the tractor is put into the field, so that the soil compaction is prevented.
2) The rotary cultivator is improved only aiming at the rotary tillage knife roller, other structures of the existing rotary cultivator are not changed, the universality is strong, and meanwhile, the cutter head is adopted as a mounting seat of the cutter, so that the assembly and disassembly are more convenient.
3) The utility model discloses the operation is of high quality, efficient, and the rotor commonality is poor, the straw crushing rate is low, bury when having solved the still field operation of traditional rotary cultivator straw, cover the quality poor, easily twine careless scheduling problem, have the significance to improving the still field operation quality of floods and droughts crop rotation district straw.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary tillage knife roll for smashing and returning high stubble straws for paddy and dry fields designed by the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the knife roll unit in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cutter head assembly of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the crushing knife in fig. 3.
Wherein: the rotary blade comprises a blade shaft 100, a blade head cutter component 200, a blade head 201, fan blades 202, an axial cutter groove 203, a radial cutter groove 204, an anti-winding long cutter 205, a blade shaft connecting hole 206, rotary blades 207, a right-bending rotary blade 207a, a left-bending rotary blade 207b, crushing blades 208, sawteeth 209, a blade roller monomer 300 and a spiral cross blade 400.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-4, the rotary tillage cutter roller for smashing and returning high stubble straws for both paddy field and dry land designed by the utility model comprises a cutter shaft 100 and a plurality of cutter roller monomers 300 fixedly arranged on the cutter shaft 100. The length of each single knife roll body 300 is 320mm, and the number of the single knife roll bodies 300 is increased or decreased according to the operation width.
Each knife roll unit 300 comprises 4 cutterhead knife assemblies 200, and 6 anti-winding long knives 205 and 3 spiral cross knives 400 which are arranged transversely to all the cutterhead knife assemblies 200 of the knife roll unit 300.
The cutterhead cutter assembly 200 includes a cutterhead 201, blades 202, rotary blades 207 (including right-hand rotary blades 207a, left-hand rotary blades 207b), and shredding blades 208.
The center of the cutter head 201 is provided with a cutter shaft connecting hole 206 which can be sleeved and fixed on the cutter shaft 100, and a plurality of cutter heads 201 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 100 at intervals of 80 mm. The cutter head 201 takes the circle center as the symmetry center, the 6 fan blades 202 are arranged on the two end faces in the center symmetry mode, the 6 axial cutter grooves 203 and the 6 radial cutter grooves 204 are arranged in the center symmetry mode along the circumferential direction, and meanwhile, the saw teeth 209 are densely arranged at the non-grooved edges. A left-bending rotary blade 207b, two right-bending rotary blades 207a and three crushing blades 208 are arranged in the 6 axial cutter grooves 203; 6 anti-winding long knives 205 are arranged on the 6 radial knife grooves 204.
The included angle between two adjacent cutters (rotary tillage cutters or crushing cutters) is 60 degrees, a cutter head cutter assembly 200 with 6 cutters is formed, the cutter head cutter assembly 200 is spirally arranged on the cutter shaft 100 according to six lines (three lines of the rotary tillage cutters 207 and the crushing cutters 208), and the lift angle is 60 degrees; the phase angles of the rotary tillage blades 207 and the crushing blades 208 on the adjacent two cutterhead cutter assemblies 200 are respectively 120 degrees apart.
Each knife roll single body 300 is provided with three spiral transverse knives 400, the spiral transverse knives 400 arranged on the same knife roll single body 300 have the same rotating direction, and the spiral lead angle is 30 degrees; the spiral horizontal knives 400 installed on the adjacent knife roll units 300 have opposite rotation directions, and the spiral horizontal knives 400 are sequentially installed according to the arrangement, so that the arrangement of the spiral horizontal knives 400 on the whole knife roll is zigzag. Two adjacent knife roller single bodies 300 share one cutterhead knife assembly 200, and two sides of the crushing knife 208 on the cutterhead knife assembly 200 are respectively connected with the end part of the spiral transverse knife 400 of one knife roller single body 300.
The crushing cutter 208 is T-shaped, the crushing performance of the straight cutter and the picking performance of the L-shaped cutter of the existing straw crushing cutter 208 are considered, and the crushing cutter 208 can rotationally pick up and crush straws in the operation process.
The anti-winding long knife 205 is in a flat tube shape, is parallel to the axis of the knife shaft 100, is provided with a cutting edge on the side surface, is slightly higher than the radius of the knife disc 201 in installation height, and is provided with a cutting edge, so that grass winding and straw cutting missing of the knife shaft 100 can be prevented. The anti-winding long knives 205 of the knife roll monomers 300 can be connected into a whole, and the total length can reach 1280 mm.
The thickness of the cutter head 201 is 15mm, and the diameter d is 400 mm; the rotating radius of the anti-winding long knife is 205mm, the rotating radius of the spiral transverse knife is 220mm, the rotating radius of the rotary blade is 245mm, and the rotating radius of the crushing knife is 260 mm. The radiuses of the anti-winding long blades 205, the spiral transverse blades 400, the rotary blades 207 and the crushing blades 208 are sequentially increased, so that the straw picking is facilitated, and the subsequent stubble breaking, crushing and rotary burying are facilitated.
The operation process of the rotary tillage knife roll is as follows:
1) the rotary tillage cutter roller is arranged in a rotary tillage frame and is connected with the power output end of a middle transmission case of a rotary cultivator to drive a cutter head and cutter assembly 200 on a cutter shaft 100 to rotate;
2) because the mounting radius of the crushing cutter 208 is the largest, the crushing cutter is firstly contacted with high stubble straws and picks up the high stubble straws, then the rotary tillage cutter 207 is contacted with the front uncut soil in a spiral line mode, the working procedures of crushing soil, cutting, stubble cleaning and the like are completed, the uncut straws can be thrown out along the direction of the tangent edge of the rotary tillage cutter 207, and the straws can be further crushed by the crushing cutter 208 at the next moment; the fan blades 202 can improve the air flow speed during crushing, which is beneficial to improving the crushing effect of the straws, and the saw teeth of the cutter head 201 can tear and knead the straws, thereby facilitating the subsequent rotary burying operation;
3) the soil is separated towards two sides after being cut by the rotary blades 207, the rotating radius of the spiral horizontal blades 400 is the smallest (except for the anti-winding long blades), and finally the spiral horizontal blades are contacted with the soil, the straws crushed and refined by the cutter head cutter assembly 200 are buried in a ploughed area after the rotary blades 207 operate, the soil pushed towards two sides before is folded towards the middle, and then the soil is thrown backwards to impact the hood for soil crushing.
The advantages of the rotary blade roller were analyzed as follows:
the rotary blades 207 and the spiral transverse blades 400 in the knife roll unit 300 are symmetrically arranged, and the axial flow side-pushing effect and the axial force on soil are mutually offset, so that the stress is balanced, the operation is stable, and the machine vibration is small.
The crushing cutter 208 has a self-detaching function due to the structure and arrangement, and straws wound on the crushing cutter 208 can be cut off in the process of high-speed rotation of the cutter roller, cannot be wound by 100 circles of the cutter shaft, and can be thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, so that the shaft neck of the cutter roller is ensured not to be wound with grass.
The anti-winding long knife 205 increases the rotation radius of the cutter shaft 100, the straw is difficult to wind the whole rotation circumference and is easy to throw out, and meanwhile, the cutting edge is arranged on the anti-winding long knife 205, so that the problem of straw cutting missing in the axial direction of the cutter shaft 100 can be solved.
3 spiral transverse cutters 400 are arranged on the cutter roller single body 300, so that the straw burying quality is effectively improved, the cutters are separated by 60 degrees, the arrangement is reasonable, and soil clamping is not easy; the rotary radius of the spiral horizontal blade 400 is the smallest, the rotary blade 207 and the crushing blade 208 work in a ploughed and crushed area, the soil is soft, the straws are finely crushed, and the soil penetration resistance of the spiral horizontal blade 400 is effectively reduced.

Claims (10)

1. A rotary tillage knife roll for smashing high stubble straws and returning the smashed high stubble straws to the field for paddy and dry land is characterized in that: the cutter comprises a cutter shaft (100) and a plurality of cutter roller monomers (300) fixedly arranged on the cutter shaft (100), wherein each cutter roller monomer (300) comprises at least two cutter head cutter assemblies (200);
each cutter head cutter assembly (200) comprises a cutter head (201) with a cutter shaft connecting hole (206) arranged at the center, a plurality of rotary blades (207) surrounding and fixed on the cutter head (201), and a plurality of crushing blades (208) surrounding and fixed on the cutter head (201);
for each knife roller single body (300), the device also comprises a plurality of anti-winding long knives (205) and a plurality of spiral cross knives (400) which are arranged transversely to all cutterhead cutter assemblies (200) of the knife roller single body (300); a plurality of anti-winding long knives (205) are arranged around the axis of the knife roller single body (300); the plurality of spiral transverse cutters (400) are arranged around the axis of the cutter roller single body (300) and are arranged in a multi-thread spiral line.
2. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: each side of the cutter head (201) is provided with 4-8 fan blades (202), and the fan blades (202) surround the center of the cutter head (201) and are centrosymmetric.
3. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: saw teeth (209) are densely arranged on the outer circular surface of the cutter head (201); and cutting edges are formed on the contact sides of the rotary tillage blades (207), the crushing blades (208), the anti-winding long blades (205) and the spiral transverse blades (400) and the ground surface.
4. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the crushing knife (208) is T-shaped, and has the functions of picking up straws and crushing straws.
5. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the diameter d of blade disc (201) 400 ~ 440mm, the radius of rotation of anti-twining long sword (205) is d/2+ (0 ~ 10) mm, the radius of rotation of spiral horizontal sword (400) is d/2+ (20 ~ 40) mm, the radius of rotation of rotary blade (207) is d/2+ (40 ~ 75) mm, the radius of rotation of smashing sword (208) is d/2+ (50 ~ 80) mm.
6. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: each cutter head (201) is provided with a plurality of axial cutter grooves (203) and a plurality of radial cutter grooves (204) along the circumferential direction, each anti-winding long cutter (205) penetrates through and is fixed at one axial cutter groove (203) of each cutter head (201) of the cutter roller monomer (300) where the anti-winding long cutter is located, and the roots of each rotary tillage cutter (207) and each crushing cutter (208) are respectively inserted into and fixed in one radial cutter groove (204).
7. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: each spiral transverse knife (400) is fixedly connected with the crushing knives (208) at the two ends of the knife roll monomer (300) where the spiral transverse knife is positioned; two adjacent knife roller single bodies (300) share one cutterhead knife assembly (200), and two sides of a crushing knife (208) on the cutterhead knife assembly (200) are respectively connected with the end part of a spiral transverse knife (400) of one knife roller single body (300).
8. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the spiral transverse cutters (400) arranged on the same cutter roller monomer (300) have the same rotating direction and are arranged in a multi-thread spiral line, and the helix angle is 20-35 degrees; the spiral transverse cutters (400) arranged on two adjacent cutter roller single bodies (300) are opposite in rotation direction.
9. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the rotary tillage blades (207) and the crushing blades (208) on each cutter head cutter assembly (200) are alternately arranged and uniformly distributed around the center of the cutter head (201), and the rotary tillage blades (207) and the crushing blades (208) are respectively spirally arranged in a multi-line manner when viewed from the whole cutter shaft (100).
10. The amphibious high stubble straw crushing and returning rotary tillage knife roll as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the number of the rotary tillage cutters (207) and the crushing cutters (208) on each cutter head cutter assembly (200) is three respectively, and the interval angle is 60 degrees; the phase angles of the rotary tillage cutter (207) and the crushing cutter (208) on the two adjacent cutter head cutter assemblies (200) are respectively separated by 120 degrees; one of the three rotary blades (207) on each cutterhead cutter assembly (200) is a left-bending rotary blade or a right-bending rotary blade, and the bending directions of the other two rotary blades (207) are opposite to the bending directions of the left-bending rotary blade or the right-bending rotary blade.
CN202021648345.5U 2020-08-10 2020-08-10 Rotary tillage knife roller for smashing and returning high stubble straws for paddy field and dry land Active CN212753307U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114097340A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-01 南京农业大学 Automatic straw cutting height adjusting device and control method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114097340A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-01 南京农业大学 Automatic straw cutting height adjusting device and control method

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