CN209845669U - Soil dispersion mechanism on paddy field soil turning and soil conditioning all-in-one machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a soil dispersion mechanism on whole native all-in-one of paddy field soil turning belongs to the agricultural mechanical technical field of rice. The soil dispersing mechanism comprises an enclosing cover, a plowing cutter and a dispersing shaft, the protecting cover is fixed on the rack, the plowing cutter is fixed in the enclosing cover, the plowing cutter partially extends out of the front end of the enclosing cover, a plurality of dispersing cutter discs are fixedly arranged at the front end of the dispersing shaft, the dispersing cutter discs are positioned in the enclosing cover, the lower end, the front end and the rear end of the enclosing cover are all open, the width of the enclosing cover is larger than that of the plowing cutter, a threaded sleeve is fixedly arranged on the dispersing shaft, and the fixed connecting rod, the movable connecting rod, the swing arm and the connecting plate are sequentially hinged end to form a connecting rod mechanism; the rear end of the dispersion shaft is connected with an input shaft, the input shaft is connected with the dispersion shaft through a universal joint, and the input shaft is connected with a power source. The utility model has the advantages of soil preparation efficiency is high.

Description

Soil dispersion mechanism on paddy field soil turning and soil conditioning all-in-one machine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the agricultural machinery of rice, a soil dispersion mechanism on whole native all-in-one of paddy field soil turning is related to.

Background

The rice minimal tillage planting mode in the industry generally refers to a rice protective minimal tillage water-saving technology developed by Harbin agricultural machinery research, and the technology refers to the technology of ploughing the soil between two rows of rice stubbles in a harvested rice field, performing banded rotary tillage on the soil between the rice stubbles, leveling the soil, keeping the original rice stubbles still, and transplanting seedlings between two rice stubbles after soil ploughing and leveling. The benefits of this are: the soil plowing can be reduced by 50 percent; greatly reducing the power consumption and the cost during the paddy field tillage operation; because the land preparation method of the strip-shaped minimum tillage field-wetting rice transplanting is adopted, the four operation links of traditional water harrowing, leveling, settling and stubble fishing are eliminated, the labor consumption is reduced and the cost is saved; compared with the traditional land preparation method, the water for soaking the field can be saved by 30-40% (the water absorption of the part without soil turning is poor); the field preparation period is reduced from the original 10-15 days to 1-2 days; the protective cultivation of few ploughing and stubble and partial straw returning is realized; increasing both production and income.

Although the above-mentioned minimal tillage planting mode has many advantages, the advantages are based on the ideal tillage mode and the ideal planting mode, from the aspect of tillage and soil preparation, the traditional rotary cultivator is difficult to ensure that the soil in the sheet-shaped area after tillage is scattered at one time, and the rotary cultivator is easy to extrude the soil in the sheet-shaped area tillage area to the non-tillage area where the rice stubble is located, so that the leveling process is very laborious due to the existence of the rice stubble.

Therefore, under the minimal tillage planting mode, the tillage and field preparation equipment has the following functions: 1. ensuring that the soil turned out in the flaky plowing area does not enter the uncultivated part where the rice stubble is positioned; 2. the turned-out large soil needs to be dispersed and crushed in the turning area and is kept unchanged at the original position as much as possible; 3. the plowing and soil-leveling process can be completed at one time, and the plowing area is limited to the flaky area between the adjacent rice stubbles, so that the plowing machine is difficult to be the same as the first plowing track during the secondary plowing or soil leveling, and the goal of reducing 50% of plowed soil is difficult to realize; 4. traditional dispersion hack adopts dentate structure to scrape scattered mode, receives the soil resistance influence, and scattered soil structure can not be fixed in vertical position to it is uneven to appear scattering soil, needs many times the operation side can be even, and this is also the important factor that once only accomplishes that influences the whole soil of digging.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a soil dispersion mechanism on the whole all-in-one that digs soil in paddy field to the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that how to make the soil after ploughing can carry out abundant dispersion and homogenization.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal: a soil dispersing mechanism on a paddy field soil turning and soil conditioning all-in-one machine is characterized in that the soil turning and soil conditioning all-in-one machine comprises a frame, the soil dispersing mechanism comprises an enclosure cover, a turning tool and a dispersing shaft, the enclosure cover is fixed on the frame, the turning tool is fixed in the enclosure cover, the turning tool partially extends out of the front end of the enclosure cover, a plurality of dispersing cutter heads are fixedly arranged at the front end of the dispersing shaft, the dispersing cutter heads are positioned in the enclosure cover, the lower end, the front end and the rear end of the enclosure cover are all open, the width of the enclosure cover is larger than that of the turning tool, a thread sleeve is fixedly arranged on the dispersing shaft, an installation arm is also fixedly arranged on the dispersing shaft and comprises a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate perpendicular to the first connecting plate, one end of the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with one end of the second connecting plate, the other end of the first connecting plate is connected with the dispersing shaft through a bearing, the other end of the second connecting plate is rotatably connected with a transmission gear ring, the transmission gear ring is meshed with the threaded sleeve, the axis of the transmission gear ring is fixedly connected with a swing arm, one end of the swing arm is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft where the transmission gear ring is located, the other end of the swing arm is hinged with a movable connecting rod, the movable connection is further hinged with a fixed connecting rod, the fixed connecting rod is fixed on the rack, and the fixed connecting rod, the movable connecting rod, the swing arm and the second connecting plate are sequentially hinged end to form a connecting rod mechanism; the rear end of the dispersion shaft is connected with an input shaft, the input shaft is connected with the dispersion shaft through a universal joint, and the input shaft is connected with a power source.

The longitudinal position of the enclosing cover on the rack is adjustable, the ploughing cutter turns up soil between rice stubbles and then enters the enclosing cover, and the dispersing shaft rotates while swinging longitudinally and reciprocally to finely cut and break up the soil in the enclosing cover.

The motion trail and principle of the dispersion axis are as follows: the power source drives the input shaft to rotate, the input shaft is connected with the dispersing shaft through a universal joint to enable the dispersing shaft to rotate, the fixed connecting rod is fixed on the rack, the threaded sleeve is meshed with the transmission gear ring in the rotating process of the dispersing shaft to enable the transmission gear ring to rotate, the swing arm is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the transmission gear ring, the fixed connecting rod, the movable connecting rod, the swing arm and the connecting plate II are sequentially hinged end to form a connecting rod mechanism, the transmission gear ring, the connecting plate I, the connecting plate II and the dispersing shaft move in a reciprocating mode in the longitudinal direction, the swinging amplitude of the dispersing shaft is determined by the size of the connecting rod mechanism, and the swinging amplitude of the dispersing shaft can be adjusted by.

The effect of enclosing the cover is not only in order to get into the rice stubble region to the soil after ploughing, also can cooperate the epaxial dispersion blade disc of dispersion to improve dispersion efficiency simultaneously, the vertical reciprocating motion of dispersion axle can reduce the dispersion resistance on the one hand, avoid soil to cause great pressure to surround the cover and make soil extrude outside the enclosure, on the other hand can improve dispersion efficiency, make the dispersion blade disc have the dispersion of helical direction outside soil, still have the ascending "strike" of longitudinal direction to soil, the rotation rate and the longitudinal swing frequency of dispersion axle are great, can avoid the vertical swing of dispersion axle to "the mistake" of undispersed soil.

The bottom both sides of enclosing cover are located the top in rice stubble place region, and enclose the cover less with the bottom surface interval in the region of not digging, can avoid the bold soil from the gap in outside the discharge enclosing cover.

In the soil dispersion mechanism on the rice field soil turning and soil conditioning all-in-one machine, an inclination angle of 15-45 degrees is formed between the dispersion shaft and the horizontal plane.

One part of the inclination angle between the dispersion shaft and the horizontal plane is shared by the longitudinal swing amplitude of the dispersion shaft, and the other part of the inclination angle is the basic inclination angle between the dispersion shaft and the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is set so that each dispersion cutter head can be in contact with undispersed soil, and the efficiency is improved.

In the soil dispersing mechanism on the rice field soil turning and conditioning all-in-one machine, the aperture of the opening at the front end of the enclosure is larger than the aperture of the opening at the rear end.

The enclosure is the trapezium structure, can extrude soil at the in-process that the enclosure moved ahead along with the frame, makes the dispersion effect of dispersion blade disc to soil better on the one hand, and on the other hand can cause the effect of "catchment", makes the interior rivers of paddy field increase at the discharge pressure of dispersion cover rear end, when clearing up the dispersion cover, can also erode soil, raises the efficiency and dispersion effect.

In the soil dispersion mechanism on the rice field soil turning and conditioning all-in-one machine, the swing arm is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the longitudinal swing amplitude of the dispersion shaft can be adjusted by selecting one of the mounting holes to be hinged with the movable connecting rod.

The mounting holes are replaced to be hinged with the movable connecting rods, so that the swing amplitude of the dispersion shaft is adjusted, and the requirements of different soil qualities and different conditions of a rice field are met.

In the soil dispersing mechanism on the rice field soil turning and conditioning all-in-one machine, two sides of the turning tool are respectively provided with a flange.

The effect of flange can increase the direction to soil, avoids the clod after the turn-up to cause great pressure to surrounding the cover simultaneously.

In the soil dispersing mechanism on the integrated rice field soil turning and conditioning machine, the front end of the enclosing cover is provided with an outward-turning guide part.

The guide part can increase the water collecting effect and the soil gathering effect of the enclosure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the dispersing mechanism in the all-in-one machine.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present dispersing mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the enclosure in the present dispersing mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the tilling cutter in the dispersing mechanism.

In the figure, 11, a frame; 12. a steering wheel; 13. a traveling wheel; 2. an enclosure; 21. blocking edges; 22. a guide portion; 23. a plowing cutter; 31. a dispersion shaft; 32. dispersing the cutter head; 33. a threaded sleeve; 34. a universal joint; 35. an input shaft; 41. mounting an arm; 411. a first connecting plate; 412. a second connecting plate; 42. a transmission gear ring; 43. swinging arms; 44. a movable connecting rod; 45. Fixing the connecting rod; 51. a first belt wheel; 52. a second belt wheel; 53. a bevel gear ring I; 54. an output shaft; 55. a bevel gear ring II; 61. a pressure lever; 62. and (4) flattening the roller.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the soil turning and soil leveling all-in-one machine comprises a frame 11, a steering wheel 12 arranged at the front end of the frame 11, a traveling wheel 13 arranged at the rear end of the frame 11 and a power source for driving the traveling wheel 13 to rotate, a plurality of soil turning units distributed at intervals are arranged on the frame 11 between the steering wheel 12 and the traveling wheel 13, each soil turning unit comprises an enclosure 2, a turning cutter 23 and a dispersion shaft 31, a protective cover is fixed on the frame 11, the turning cutter 23 is fixed in the enclosure 2, part of the turning cutter 23 extends out of the front end of the enclosure 2, a plurality of dispersion cutter heads 32 are fixedly arranged at the front end of the dispersion shaft 31, the dispersion cutter heads 32 are positioned in the enclosure 2, the lower end, the front end and the rear end of the enclosure 2 are open, the width of the enclosure 2 is larger than that of the turning cutter 23, a threaded sleeve 33 is fixedly arranged on the dispersion shaft 31, a mounting arm 41 is also fixedly arranged on, the mounting arm 41 comprises a first connecting plate 411 and a second connecting plate 412 perpendicular to the first connecting plate 411, one end of the first connecting plate 411 is fixedly connected with one end of the second connecting plate 412, the other end of the first connecting plate 411 is connected with the dispersing shaft 31 through a bearing, the other end of the second connecting plate 412 is rotatably connected with a transmission gear ring 42, the transmission gear ring 42 is meshed with the thread sleeve 33, the axis of the transmission gear ring 42 is fixedly connected with a swing arm 43, one end of the swing arm 43 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft where the transmission gear ring 42 is located, the other end of the swing arm 43 is hinged with a movable connecting rod 44, the movable connection is further hinged with a fixed connecting rod 45, the fixed connecting rod 45 is fixed on the rack 11, and the fixed connecting rod 45, the movable connecting rod 44; the rear end of the dispersion shaft 31 is connected with an input shaft 35, the input shaft 35 is connected with the dispersion shaft 31 through a universal joint 34, and the input shaft 35 is connected with a power source.

The longitudinal position of the enclosing covers 2 on the machine frame 11 is adjustable, the interval between each soil plowing unit is the interval between the adjacent enclosing covers 2, the size of the interval is determined by the interval between each rice stubble, and the soil plowing units are ensured to be right positioned between the adjacent rice stubbles according to the mode of rice transplanting interval in the previous rice planting.

The tilling blade 23 lifts up the soil between the rice stubble grains and then enters the enclosure 2, and the dispersion shaft 31 rotates while oscillating back and forth in the longitudinal direction to finely cut and disperse the soil in the enclosure 2.

The motion trajectory and principle of the dispersion shaft 31 are: the power source drives the input shaft 35 to rotate, the input shaft 35 is connected with the dispersion shaft 31 through the universal joint 34, the dispersion shaft 31 can rotate automatically, the fixed connecting rod 45 is fixed on the rack 11, the thread bushing 33 is meshed with the transmission gear ring 42 in the rotation process of the dispersion shaft 31, the transmission gear ring 42 is rotated, the swing arm 43 is driven to rotate in the rotation process of the transmission gear ring 42, the fixed connecting rod 45, the movable connecting rod 44, the swing arm 43 and the connecting plate II 412 are sequentially hinged end to form a connecting rod mechanism, the transmission gear ring 42, the connecting plate I411, the connecting plate II 412 and the dispersion shaft 31 reciprocate in the longitudinal direction, the swing amplitude of the dispersion shaft 31 is determined by the size of the connecting rod mechanism, and the swing amplitude of the dispersion shaft 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the swing arm.

The enclosure 2 not only can be used for enabling the ploughed soil to enter the rice stubble area, but also can be matched with the dispersing cutter head 32 on the dispersing shaft 31 to improve the dispersing efficiency, the longitudinal reciprocating motion of the dispersing shaft 31 can reduce the dispersing resistance on one hand, the soil is prevented from causing large pressure to the enclosure 2 to enable the soil to be extruded out of the enclosure 2, on the other hand, the dispersing efficiency can be improved, the dispersing cutter head 32 can enable the soil to have spiral direction dispersion, the soil also has longitudinal direction 'strike', the rotating speed and the longitudinal swinging frequency of the dispersing shaft 31 are large, and the 'error' of the longitudinal swinging of the dispersing shaft 31 to the undispersed soil can be avoided.

The two sides of the bottom of the surrounding cover 2 are positioned above the rice stubble region, and the distance between the surrounding cover 2 and the bottom surface of the region without soil turning is smaller, so that the situation that the large soil is discharged out of the surrounding cover 2 from the gap can be avoided.

The dispersion shaft 31 and the horizontal plane form an inclination angle of 15-45 degrees. The inclination angle between the dispersing shaft 31 and the horizontal plane is partially shared by the longitudinal swing amplitude of the dispersing shaft 31, and the other part is the base inclination angle between the dispersing shaft 31 and the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is set so that each dispersing cutter head 32 can be in contact with undispersed soil, and the efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the front opening diameter of the enclosure 2 is larger than the rear opening diameter. Enclosure 2 is the trapezium structure, can extrude soil at the in-process that enclosure 2 goes forward along with frame 11 on the one hand, makes dispersion blade disc 32 better to the dispersion effect of soil, and on the other hand can cause the effect of "catchment", makes the interior rivers of paddy field increase at the discharge pressure of dispersion cover rear end, when clearing up dispersion cover, can also erode soil, raises the efficiency and dispersion effect.

The swing arm 43 has a plurality of mounting holes, and the longitudinal swing amplitude of the dispersion shaft 31 can be adjusted by selecting one of the mounting holes to be hinged with the movable connecting rod 44. The swing amplitude of the dispersion shaft 31 is adjusted by replacing the mounting hole and hinging the mounting hole with the movable connecting rod 44, so that the requirements of different conditions of different soil qualities and rice fields are met.

As shown in fig. 1, a first belt wheel 51 is fixedly connected to the input shaft 35, an intermediate shaft is rotatably connected to the frame 11, a second belt wheel 52 is fixedly arranged on the intermediate shaft, the first belt wheel 51 is connected with the second belt wheel 52 through a belt, a first bevel gear ring 53 is fixedly arranged on the intermediate shaft, an output shaft 54 is rotatably connected to the frame 11, a second bevel gear ring 55 meshed with the first bevel gear ring 53 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft 54, and the output shaft 54 is connected with the traveling wheels 13 through a chain; the intermediate shaft is connected with a power source. In order to homogenize the dispersing effect of the soil in the rice field, the rotation and the swing of the dispersing shaft 31 are synchronous with the travelling wheels 13, and the travelling mechanism and the dispersing shaft 31 move synchronously by utilizing an intermediate shaft; the connection mode of each plowing unit and the power source is consistent.

A pressure lever 61 positioned behind the traveling wheels 13 is hinged on the frame 11, and the lower end of the pressure lever 61 is rotatably connected with a leveling roller 62. The leveling roller 62 levels the dispersed soil, and the soil is pressed against the surface of the rice field by the self weight, so that the dispersed and scattered raised soil tends to be level.

As shown in fig. 4, the plowing blade 23 has a rib 21 on each side. The effect of flange 21 can increase the direction to soil, avoids the clod after the turn-up to cause great pressure to enclosure 2 simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the front end of the enclosure 2 has an everted guide 22. The function of the guide 22 is to increase the "water-collecting" and "soil-gathering" effect of the enclosure 2.

The power source is a fuel engine or a motor, and the output end of the fuel engine or the motor is connected with the intermediate shaft.

A mud guard cover is fixedly arranged on the rack 11, the middle of the dispersion shaft 31, the fixed connecting rod 45, the movable connecting rod 44, the swing arm 43, the first connecting plate 411, the second connecting plate 412, the threaded sleeve 33 and the transmission gear ring 42 are wrapped by the mud guard cover, and the connection position of the mud guard cover and the dispersion shaft 31 is connected through a corrugated rubber plate. The corrugated rubber sheet is a partially overlapped rubber sheet, the swing displacement of the dispersion shaft 31 is compensated by changing the size of the folded portion of the rubber sheet, and the dispersion shaft 31 is connected to the middle portion of the rubber sheet by a bearing.

It should be noted that: the soil plowing and leveling can be completed once under the condition that soil quality and planting technology allow, and the effect that the less plowing planting mode is affected due to the fact that running tracks are different in the secondary operation process is avoided. The all-in-one machine in the present application is based on the minimal tillage planting mode mentioned in the background art, and does not exclude the possibility of its use in the ordinary planting mode and the tillage and soil preparation for the non-paddy field. The structures of the steering mechanism, the steering wheel, and the like of the steered wheels 12, which are not important to the present application, are not described in detail, and are not shown in the drawings.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (6)

1. The soil dispersing mechanism on the rice field soil turning and soil leveling all-in-one machine is characterized in that the soil turning and soil leveling all-in-one machine comprises a rack (11), the soil dispersing mechanism comprises an enclosing cover (2), a turning tool (23) and a dispersing shaft (31), the enclosing cover (2) is fixed on the rack (11), the turning tool (23) is fixed in the enclosing cover (2), the part of the turning tool (23) extends out of the front end of the enclosing cover (2), a plurality of dispersing cutter discs (32) are fixedly arranged at the front end of the dispersing shaft (31), the dispersing cutter discs (32) are positioned in the enclosing cover (2), the lower end, the front end and the rear end of the enclosing cover (2) are all opened, the width of the enclosing cover (2) is larger than that of the turning tool (23), a thread sleeve (33) is fixedly arranged on the dispersing shaft (31), and an installation arm (41) is fixedly arranged on the dispersing shaft (31), installation arm (41) is including connecting plate one (411) and connecting plate two (412) perpendicular with connecting plate one (411), the one end of connecting plate one (411) is fixed continuous with the one end of connecting plate two (412), link to each other through the bearing between the other end of connecting plate one (411) and dispersion axle (31), the other end of connecting plate two (412) rotates and is connected with a transmission ring gear (42), transmission ring gear (42) and thread bush (33) meshing, the axis fixedly connected with swing arm (43) of transmission ring gear (42), the one end of swing arm (43) is fixed continuous with the pivot at transmission ring gear (42) place, the other end of swing arm (43) articulates a movable connecting rod (44), movable connecting rod (44) still articulates a fixed connecting rod (45), fixed connecting rod (45) are fixed on frame (11), fixed connecting rod (45), The movable connecting rod (44), the swing arm (43) and the second connecting plate (412) are sequentially hinged end to form a connecting rod mechanism; the rear end of the dispersion shaft (31) is connected with an input shaft (35), the input shaft (35) is connected with the dispersion shaft (31) through a universal joint (34), and the input shaft (35) is connected with a power source.

2. The soil dispersing mechanism of the rice field soil turning and conditioning all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inclination angle between the dispersing shaft (31) and the horizontal plane is 15-45 °.

3. The soil dispersing mechanism of the rice field soil turning and conditioning all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aperture of the front opening of the enclosure (2) is larger than the aperture of the rear opening.

4. The soil dispersing mechanism of the rice field soil turning and leveling all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the swing arm (43) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the longitudinal swing amplitude of the dispersing shaft (31) can be adjusted by selecting one of the mounting holes to be hinged with the movable connecting rod (44).

5. The soil dispersing mechanism of the rice field soil turning and leveling all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the two sides of the turning tool (23) are respectively provided with a flange (21).

6. The soil dispersing mechanism of the rice field soil turning and leveling all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the front end of the enclosure (2) has an everted guide part (22).