CN209834687U - Feeding and discharging mechanism for layered materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses go up unloading mechanism of layer dress material relates to and goes up unloading equipment technical field, and its technical scheme includes rectangular frame structure's support chassis, set up on the support chassis and a pair of hook lift module and horizontal sliding connection a pair of sucking disc subassembly on a pair of hook lift module of relative setting still be provided with the guide rail subassembly that leads to the material car in the middle of the support chassis. The automatic feeding device is used for solving the problem of low production efficiency caused by manual feeding and blanking in the prior art.

Description

Feeding and discharging mechanism for layered materials

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model provides a go up unloading equipment technical field, concretely relates to go up unloading mechanism of layer dress material.

Background

Along with the progress and the development of science and technology, processing industry has realized the semi-automatization of processing, and after accomplishing a processing cycle, by the workman with the manual pile of material on the material dolly, realize the material loading and the unloading work of material, nevertheless to the requirement of manpower higher like this, manufacturing cost can improve greatly to through the comparatively wasted time of manual operation, influence the production efficiency of whole production line.

In addition, when the materials are produced in a large scale, the materials are required to be continuously fed and discharged by workers, the labor intensity of the workers is high, the workers easily feel tired, and the efficiency of the whole process is influenced.

Therefore, an automatic loading and unloading mechanism needs to be developed to meet the actual production requirement, so that manpower and material resources are saved, and the productivity is improved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a go up unloading mechanism of layer dress material to solve among the prior art because artifical material loading and unloading and the problem that production efficiency is low that leads to.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

according to the embodiment of the utility model provides a go up unloading mechanism of layer dress material, its technical scheme main points include rectangular frame structure's support chassis, set up on the support chassis and a pair of sucking disc subassembly of relative a pair of hook lift module and horizontal sliding connection on a pair of hook lift module still be provided with the guide rail subassembly that leads to the material car in the middle of the support chassis.

Further, the support chassis comprises a rectangular lower support frame, an upper support frame and a support column vertically arranged between the upper support frame and the lower support frame.

Furthermore, the claw lifting module comprises a pair of vertical plates fixedly connected to two parallel sides of the upper support frame respectively, a first horizontal plate and a second horizontal plate fixedly connected to the top and the bottom of the vertical plates respectively, a first lead screw rotatably arranged between the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate, and a first motor driving the first lead screw to horizontally rotate along a vertical shaft;

the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate are arranged on one side, close to each other, of the two vertical plates, the upper end of a first lead screw is rotatably connected with the first horizontal plate, the lower end of the first lead screw is rotatably connected with the second horizontal plate, the first motor is arranged on the upper surface of the first horizontal plate, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with the top of the first lead screw;

the first slider is sleeved on the first lead screw, the first slider is in threaded connection with the first lead screw, the aircraft plate is fixedly connected to one side face, deviating from the vertical plate, of the first slider, and the hook plate capable of moving towards the direction close to or far away from the lead screw is horizontally and slidably connected to the bottom of the aircraft plate.

Furthermore, a pair of first guide rails is vertically and fixedly connected to one side face, adjacent to the first lead screw, of the vertical plate, the two first guide rails are located on two sides of the first lead screw respectively, first guide blocks are arranged on the two first guide rails in a sliding fit mode respectively, and the first guide blocks are fixedly connected with the first sliding blocks.

Further, the sucking disc subassembly includes that the horizontal slip connects sliding plate, the level that deviate from one side each other at two vertical boards respectively sets up the sucking disc mounting panel in two sliding plate bottoms, the first drive assembly of drive sliding plate horizontal slip and the second drive assembly of drive sucking disc mounting panel at vertical direction motion, sucking disc mounting panel lower surface is provided with sucking disc or magnet.

Furthermore, the first driving assembly comprises a mounting base plate fixedly arranged on one side surface of the vertical plate, which is far away from the first screw rod, a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel which are arranged on two sides of the mounting base plate in the horizontal direction, a first synchronous belt wound on the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel, and a third motor for driving the first driving wheel to rotate;

the mounting base plate extends along the horizontal direction, the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel are respectively arranged on two side walls of the mounting base plate along the length direction, the first synchronous belt is fixedly connected with a second sliding block, and the second sliding block is fixedly connected with the sliding plate.

Furthermore, a guide component which plays a role of guiding the movement of the sliding plate is also arranged on the mounting bottom plate;

the guide assembly comprises a second guide rail fixedly connected to the mounting base plate and a second guide block arranged on the second guide rail in a sliding mode, the second guide rail is horizontally arranged, the length direction of the second guide rail is parallel to the length direction of the mounting base plate, and the second guide block is fixedly connected with the sliding plate.

Furthermore, the sliding plate comprises a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate which are vertically arranged and parallel to each other, the first connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second guide block, a third connecting plate is horizontally and fixedly connected to the tops of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, a fourth connecting plate is horizontally and fixedly connected to the bottoms of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the second driving assembly comprises a second lead screw which is rotatably connected between the third connecting plate and the fourth connecting plate and a second motor which drives the second lead screw to rotate, the second motor is arranged on the upper surface of the third connecting plate, and an output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with the top of the second lead screw;

the second slider is sleeved on the second lead screw, the second slider is in threaded connection with the second lead screw, the second connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second slider, and the sucker mounting plate is arranged at the bottom of the two second connecting plates.

Further, the guide rail assembly comprises a pair of material vehicle rails arranged on the lower supporting frame, and the material vehicle rails are matched with pulleys at the bottom of the material vehicle.

Furthermore, a buffer storage assembly for buffering the materials is arranged on the lower support frame and on one side of the guide rail assembly.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a have following advantage:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a can be accurate quick collude the plywood on the material car through the hook lifting module who sets up, guarantee to carry out smooth and easy putting to every layer of material, the sucking of the various materials of adaptation that can very limit through the sucking disc subassembly that sets up, can guarantee through the second drive assembly that sets up that the plywood the inside can put the material, through the buffer memory subassembly that sets up, can increase this containment of unloading mechanism on, the even running of unloading work on the assurance, the suitable occasion of unloading mechanism on furthest's improvement should be gone up.

And this last unloading mechanism takes up an area of the space for a short time, and application scope is wide, operates steadily, uses manpower and materials sparingly, and productivity gain has fine solution the unloading problem of going up of layer dress material.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by people familiar with the technology, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions which can be implemented by the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essential significance, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope which can be covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a loading and unloading mechanism for layered materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a feeding and discharging mechanism for layered materials embodying a hook lifting module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a loading and unloading mechanism for layered materials according to an embodiment of the present invention, which embodies the lifting principle of a hook lifting module;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a feeding and discharging mechanism for layered materials according to the embodiment of the present invention, which embodies the principle of horizontal movement of a hook plate;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a sucking disc assembly embodied by a feeding and discharging mechanism for layered materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a feeding and discharging mechanism for layered materials according to an embodiment of the present invention, which embodies the lifting principle of a sucker mounting plate;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a loading and unloading mechanism for layered materials according to an embodiment of the present invention showing a guide rail assembly and a transmission assembly;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of a loading and unloading mechanism for layered materials according to an embodiment of the present invention showing a buffer assembly.

In the figure: 1. a support chassis; 11. a lower support frame; 12. an upper support frame; 13. a support pillar; 2. a hook lifting module; 21. a vertical plate; 211. a first horizontal plate; 212. a second horizontal plate; 22. a first lead screw; 23. a first motor; 24. a first slider; 25. an aircraft panel; 251. an upper connecting plate; 252. a lower connecting plate; 26. a first guide rail; 27. a first guide block; 3. a convex plate; 31. a bearing plate; 311. a limiting block; 32. a slider; 321. a limiting groove; 4. a cylinder; 5. a hook plate; 6. a sucker component; 61. a sliding plate; 611. a first connecting plate; 612. a second connecting plate; 613. a third connecting plate; 614. a fourth connecting plate; 62. a sucker mounting plate; 63. a first drive assembly; 631. mounting a bottom plate; 632. a first drive wheel; 633. a first driven wheel; 634. a first synchronization belt; 635. a third motor; 64. a second drive assembly; 641. a second lead screw; 642. a second motor; 65. a second slider; 66. a guide assembly; 661. a second guide rail; 662. a second guide block; 7. a guide rail assembly; 71. a material vehicle track; 8. a transmission assembly; 81. a bearing plate; 811. a first vertical plate; 812. a second vertical plate; 82. a first gear; 83. a second gear; 84. a second drive wheel; 85. a second driven wheel; 86. a second synchronous belt; 87. a fourth motor; 88. a positioning sensor; 9. a cache component; 91. a support bar; 92. caching the supporting rod; 93. a cache board; 94. caching a connecting block; 95. caching a connecting plate; 96. a gas spring.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for the sake of clarity only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof are also considered to be the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical content.

A feeding and discharging mechanism for layered materials is shown in figure 1 and comprises a supporting bottom frame 1 of a rectangular frame structure, a pair of claw lifting modules 2 which are arranged on the supporting bottom frame 1 and are arranged oppositely, and a pair of sucker assemblies 6 which are horizontally and slidably connected onto the pair of claw lifting modules 2, wherein a guide rail assembly 7 which guides a material vehicle is further arranged in the middle of the supporting bottom frame 1.

The supporting base frame 1 comprises a rectangular lower supporting frame 11, an upper supporting frame 12 and a supporting column 13 vertically arranged between the upper supporting frame 12 and the lower supporting frame 11. The upper support frame 12 and the lower support frame 11 are formed by welding four square tubes end to end so as to ensure the support strength of the support chassis 1.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the gripper lifting module 2 includes a pair of vertical plates 21 fixedly connected to both sides of the upper support frame 12 parallel to each other, first and second horizontal plates 211 and 212 horizontally fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the vertical plates 21, respectively, a first lead screw 22 rotatably disposed between the first and second horizontal plates 211 and 212, and a first motor 23 driving the first lead screw 22 to horizontally rotate along a vertical axis.

First horizontal plate 211 and second horizontal plate 212 set up on the side that two vertical boards 21 are close to each other, the upper end and the first horizontal plate 211 of first lead screw 22 rotate to be connected, the lower extreme and the second horizontal plate 212 of first lead screw 22 rotate to be connected, the upper surface at first horizontal plate 211 is fixed to the casing of first motor 23, the output shaft of first motor 23 and the top fixed connection of first lead screw 22, when first motor 23 starts, first lead screw 22 rotates at the horizontal direction along vertical axle.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a first slider 24 is sleeved on the first lead screw 22, the first slider 24 is in threaded connection with the first lead screw 22, an aircraft plate 25 is fixedly connected to one side surface of the first slider 24 departing from the vertical plate 21, and the aircraft plate 25 is in an inverted "Y" shape. When the first motor 23 is started, the first motor 23 drives the first lead screw 22 to rotate, so that the first slider 24 slides along the axial direction of the first lead screw 22, and the first slider 24 slides to drive the aircraft plate 25 to move along the vertical direction.

In order to ensure the stability of the airplane plate 25 in the movement process, a pair of first guide rails 26 is vertically and fixedly connected to one side surface of the vertical plate 21 adjacent to the first lead screw 22, the two first guide rails 26 are respectively located at two sides of the first lead screw 22, first guide blocks are respectively arranged on the two first guide rails 26 in a sliding fit manner, and the first guide blocks are fixedly connected with the first sliding block 24.

When the first slider 24 moves along the axial direction of the first lead screw 22, the first guide block slides along the first guide rail 26, so that the first slider 24 cannot rotate in the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the aircraft board 25 includes an upper connection board 251 fixedly connected to the first slider 24 and a pair of lower connection boards 252 integrally connected to both ends of the bottom of the upper connection board 251, and referring to fig. 4, a pair of protruding boards 3 are fixedly connected to both sides of the two lower connection boards 252 adjacent to the first slider 24, the protruding boards 3 are perpendicular to the lower connection boards 252, a receiving board 31 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two protruding boards 3, a sliding block 32 is horizontally and slidably disposed on the receiving board 31, a cylinder 4 for driving the sliding block 32 to slide is fixed to the protruding boards 3, and a piston rod of the cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 32.

Offer the hole of stepping down on accepting the board 31, the bottom fixedly connected with hook plate 5 of sliding block 32, the bottom fixed connection of a body of rod and sliding block 32 is passed at the top of hook plate 5, and the body of rod passes the hole of stepping down, and steps down the hole and be bigger than the body of rod, provides certain activity space for the horizontal migration of the body of rod.

When the cylinder 4 is started, the expansion and contraction of the piston rod drives the sliding block 32 to slide on the bearing plate 31, and further drives the hook plate 5 to slide in the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in order to make the sliding block 32 move on the receiving plate 31 more stably, a pair of limiting blocks 311 are horizontally disposed on the receiving plate 31, corresponding to the limiting blocks 311, limiting grooves 321 matched with the limiting blocks 311 are disposed at the bottom of the sliding block 32, and when the sliding block 32 horizontally slides on the receiving plate 31, the sliding block 32 can only move along a straight line without shaking due to the matching of the limiting blocks 311 and the limiting grooves 321.

As shown in fig. 6, the suction cup assembly 6 includes sliding plates 61 respectively connected to the two vertical plates 21 (see fig. 2) in a sliding manner, suction cup mounting plates 62 horizontally disposed at the bottoms of the two sliding plates 61, a first driving assembly 63 driving the sliding plates 61 to slide horizontally, and a second driving assembly 64 driving the suction cup mounting plates 62 to move in the vertical direction, and suction cups or magnets for adsorbing materials are disposed on the lower surfaces of the suction cup mounting plates 62.

The first driving assembly 63 includes a mounting base plate 631 fixedly disposed on a side of the vertical plate 21 facing away from the first lead screw 22, a first driving wheel 632 and a first driven wheel 633 disposed on both sides of the mounting base plate 631 in the horizontal direction, a first synchronous belt 634 wound around the first driving wheel 632 and the first driven wheel 633, and a third motor 635 for driving the first driving wheel 632 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 6, the mounting plate 631 extends in a horizontal direction, the first driving pulley 632 and the first driven pulley 633 are respectively disposed on both sidewalls of the mounting plate 631 in a longitudinal direction, and referring to fig. 7, the second slider 65 is fixedly connected to the first timing belt 634, and the second slider 65 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 61.

As shown in fig. 7, a guide member 66 for guiding the movement of the slide plate 61 is further provided on the mounting base plate 631. The guide assembly 66 includes a second guide rail 661 fixedly coupled to the mounting base plate 631, and a second guide block 662 slidably disposed on the second guide rail 661, wherein the second guide rail 661 is horizontally disposed and a length direction of the second guide rail 661 is parallel to a length direction of the mounting base plate 631, and the second guide block 662 is fixedly coupled to the sliding plate 61.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the sliding plate 61 includes a first connecting plate 611 and a second connecting plate 612 which are vertically arranged and parallel to each other, the first connecting plate 611 is fixedly connected to a second guide block 662, and the first connecting plate 611 slides along the second guide rail 661 when the second guide block 662 slides. Referring to fig. 8, a third connecting plate 613 is horizontally fixed to the top of the first connecting plate 611 and the second connecting plate 612, and a fourth connecting plate 614 is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the first connecting plate 611 and the second connecting plate 612.

As shown in fig. 8, the second driving assembly 64 includes a second lead screw 641 rotatably connected between the third connecting plate 613 and the fourth connecting plate 614 and a second motor 642 driving the second lead screw 641 to rotate, a housing of the second motor 642 is fixed on an upper surface of the third connecting plate 613, and an output shaft of the second motor 642 is fixedly connected to a top portion of the second lead screw 641.

The second screw 641 is sleeved with a second slider 65, the second slider 65 is in threaded connection with the second screw 641, the second connecting plate 612 (see fig. 6) is fixedly connected with the second slider 65, and two ends of the suction cup mounting plate 62 (see fig. 6) in the length direction are respectively connected with the bottoms of the two second connecting plates 612.

As shown in fig. 9, the guide rail assembly 7 includes a pair of material car rails 71 disposed on the lower support frame 11 (see fig. 1), a length direction of the material car rails 71 is parallel to a length direction of the suction cup mounting plate 62 (see fig. 1), and pulleys adapted to the material car rails 71 are mounted at a bottom of the material car.

As shown in fig. 9, a transmission assembly 8 for driving the material cart to move on the material cart rails 71 is further arranged between the two material cart rails 71. A bearing plate 81 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of one of the material vehicle rails 71, and the length direction of the bearing plate 81 is parallel to the length direction of the material vehicle rails 71. The two ends of the bearing plate 81 are respectively and fixedly connected with a pair of first vertical plates 811 and a second vertical plate 812 in a vertical mode, first through holes are formed in the two first vertical plates 811, first rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the first through holes, second through holes are formed in the two second vertical plates 812, and second rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the second through holes.

As shown in fig. 9, the transmission assembly 8 includes a first gear 82 and a second driving gear 84 fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, and a second gear 83 and a second driven gear 85 fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, and a rack engaged with the first gear 82 and the second gear 83 is fixed at the bottom of the material cart. A second synchronous belt 86 is wound on the second driving wheel 84 and the second driven wheel 85, a fourth motor 87 is installed on the side wall of the material trolley track 71, and an output shaft of the fourth motor 87 is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft.

When the fourth motor 87 is started, the fourth motor 87 drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, and further drives the first gear 82 and the second driving wheel 84 to rotate, and the second gear 83 and the second driven wheel 85 rotate under the transmission of the second synchronous belt 86, because the rack at the bottom of the material vehicle is meshed with the first gear 82 and the second gear 83, the material vehicle can move along the material vehicle track 71.

To increase the parking position of the material cart, a positioning sensor 88 is mounted on a side wall of the material cart track.

As shown in fig. 10, a buffer assembly 9 for buffering materials is arranged on the lower support frame 11 (see fig. 1) and on one side of the guide rail assembly 7 (see fig. 1). The buffer assembly 9 includes a support rod 91 fixedly connected to the lower support frame 11, a pair of buffer support rods 92 vertically fixed at two ends of the support rod 91, and a plurality of buffer plates 93 arranged between the two buffer support rods 92.

The length direction of bracing piece 91 is on a parallel with the length direction of material car track 71, all slides on two buffer storage branches 92 and is provided with a pair of buffer storage connecting block 94, equal vertical rigid coupling has buffer storage connecting plate 95 between two buffer storage connecting blocks 94 on each buffer storage branch 92, and the both ends of buffer storage plate 93 are fixed with two buffer storage connecting plates 95 respectively, and a plurality of buffer storage plates 93 are along the equidistant distribution of vertical direction.

Air springs 96 are vertically arranged at two ends of the supporting rod 91, and the tops of the air springs 96 are fixed with the buffer connecting blocks 94 positioned above.

When the materials are fed, the material trolley is driven by the conveying assembly to move along the material trolley rails 71 until the positioning sensors 88 sense the material trolley, the material trolley stops moving, meanwhile, the conveying belt conveys the materials to the side of the material trolley from the previous process, here, the material trolley is a material rack formed by vertically arranging a plurality of layers of laminates at intervals, the bottom of each layer of laminate is provided with an upright post, the bottom of each upright post is abutted to the adjacent lower layer of laminate, in the embodiment, three layers of laminates are taken as an example, and the three layers of laminates are respectively an upper laminate, a middle plate and a bottom plate from top to bottom.

During the material loading, start first motor 23, first motor 23 drives first lead screw 22 and rotates, and then drive aircraft board 25 downstream, highly being located between bottom plate and the intermediate lamella of hook plate 5, start cylinder 4, cylinder 4 drives the direction motion that hook plate 5 orientation is close to the intermediate lamella, until hook plate 5 is located the below of intermediate lamella, start first motor 23, first motor 23 drives first lead screw 22 antiport, and then drive aircraft board 25 and the vertical upward movement of hook plate 5, therefore, hook plate 5 can lift up the intermediate lamella and the steady upwards of top plate, conveniently carry out the material loading action to the bottom plate.

The third motor 635 is started, the third motor 635 drives the first driving wheel 632 to rotate, under the action of the first synchronous belt 634, the first driven wheel 633 rotates, therefore, the second connecting plate 612 and the sucker mounting plate 62 can move in the horizontal direction until the sucker mounting plate 62 moves to the position right above the conveyor belt, the second motor 642 is started, the second motor 642 drives the second lead screw 641 to rotate, so that the second connecting plate 612 and the sucker mounting plate 62 move downwards, under the action of the magnet or the sucker, the sucker mounting plate 62 sucks the material on the conveyor belt, the second motor 642 is started, the second motor 642 drives the second lead screw 641 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the material is lifted, then the third motor 635 rotates in the opposite direction, the sucker mounting plate 62 is driven to move towards the direction close to the bottom plate, and then the material is placed on the bottom plate.

When carrying out the material loading to the intermediate lamella, need hook plate 5 to place the intermediate lamella again on the bottom plate, then repeat above-mentioned step, can carry out the material loading to the intermediate lamella promptly, when needs carry out the material loading to the upper plate, need hook plate 5 to place the upper plate again on the intermediate lamella, then repeat above-mentioned step, can carry out the material loading to the upper plate promptly.

When the speed of conveyer belt is too fast, the sucking disc mounting panel 62 can temporarily place buffer memory board 93 after holding the material, guarantees going on steadily of material loading work.

Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a go up unloading mechanism of layer dress material which characterized in that: the material trolley comprises a supporting chassis (1) with a rectangular frame structure, a pair of claw lifting modules (2) which are arranged on the supporting chassis (1) and are arranged oppositely, and a pair of sucker assemblies (6) which are horizontally and slidably connected onto the pair of claw lifting modules (2), wherein a guide rail assembly (7) for guiding the material trolley is further arranged in the middle of the supporting chassis (1).

2. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting base frame (1) comprises a rectangular lower supporting frame (11), an upper supporting frame (12) and a supporting column (13) vertically arranged between the upper supporting frame (12) and the lower supporting frame (11).

3. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, characterized in that: the claw lifting module (2) comprises a pair of vertical plates (21) which are respectively fixedly connected to two sides of an upper support frame (12) in parallel, a first horizontal plate (211) and a second horizontal plate (212) which are respectively and horizontally fixedly connected to the top and the bottom of the vertical plates (21), a first lead screw (22) which is rotatably arranged between the first horizontal plate (211) and the second horizontal plate (212), and a first motor (23) which drives the first lead screw (22) to horizontally rotate along a vertical shaft;

the first horizontal plate (211) and the second horizontal plate (212) are arranged on one side, close to each other, of the two vertical plates (21), the upper end of a first lead screw (22) is rotatably connected with the first horizontal plate (211), the lower end of the first lead screw (22) is rotatably connected with the second horizontal plate (212), the first motor (23) is arranged on the upper surface of the first horizontal plate (211), and the output shaft of the first motor (23) is fixedly connected with the top of the first lead screw (22);

the first slider (24) is sleeved on the first lead screw (22), the first slider (24) is in threaded connection with the first lead screw (22), an airplane plate (25) is fixedly connected to one side face, deviating from the vertical plate (21), of the first slider (24), and a pair of hook plates (5) capable of moving towards the direction close to or far away from the lead screw are horizontally and slidably connected to the bottom of the airplane plate (25).

4. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 3, characterized in that: a pair of first guide rails (26) is vertically and fixedly connected to one side face, close to the first lead screw (22), of the vertical plate (21), the two first guide rails (26) are located on two sides of the first lead screw (22) respectively, first guide blocks (27) are arranged on the two first guide rails (26) in a sliding fit mode respectively, and the first guide blocks (27) are fixedly connected with the first sliding blocks (24).

5. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, characterized in that: the sucker component (6) comprises sliding plates (61) which are horizontally connected to one side of each of the two vertical plates (21) in a sliding mode, sucker mounting plates (62) which are horizontally arranged at the bottoms of the two sliding plates (61), a first driving component (63) which drives the sliding plates (61) to horizontally slide and a second driving component (64) which drives the sucker mounting plates (62) to move in the vertical direction, and suckers or magnets are arranged on the lower surfaces of the sucker mounting plates (62).

6. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 5, characterized in that: the first driving assembly (63) comprises a mounting bottom plate (631) fixedly arranged on one side surface, away from the first lead screw (22), of the vertical plate (21), a first driving wheel (632) and a first driven wheel (633) arranged on two sides of the mounting bottom plate (631) in the horizontal direction, a first synchronous belt (634) wound on the first driving wheel (632) and the first driven wheel (633), and a third motor (635) driving the first driving wheel (632) to rotate;

the mounting base plate (631) extends along the horizontal direction, the first driving wheel (632) and the first driven wheel (633) are respectively arranged on two side walls of the mounting base plate (631) along the length direction, the first synchronous belt (634) is fixedly connected with a second sliding block (65), and the second sliding block (65) is fixedly connected with the sliding plate (61).

7. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 6, characterized in that: a guide component (66) which guides the movement of the sliding plate (61) is also arranged on the mounting bottom plate (631);

the guide assembly (66) comprises a second guide rail (661) fixedly connected to the mounting bottom plate (631) and a second guide block (662) arranged on the second guide rail (661) in a sliding mode, the second guide rail (661) is horizontally arranged, the length direction of the second guide rail (661) is parallel to the length direction of the mounting bottom plate (631), and the second guide block (662) is fixedly connected with the sliding plate (61).

8. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 6, characterized in that: the sliding plate (61) comprises a first connecting plate (611) and a second connecting plate (612) which are vertically arranged and parallel to each other, the first connecting plate (611) is fixedly connected with a second guide block (662), the top parts of the first connecting plate (611) and the second connecting plate (612) are horizontally fixedly connected with a third connecting plate (613), the bottom parts of the first connecting plate (611) and the second connecting plate (612) are horizontally fixedly connected with a fourth connecting plate (614), the second driving assembly (64) comprises a second lead screw (641) which is rotatably connected between the third connecting plate (613) and the fourth connecting plate (614) and a second motor (642) which drives the second lead screw (641) to rotate, the second motor (642) is arranged on the upper surface of the third connecting plate (613), and the output shaft of the second motor (642) is fixedly connected with the top part of the second lead screw (641);

the second sliding block (65) is sleeved on the second lead screw (641), the second sliding block (65) is in threaded connection with the second lead screw (641), the second connecting plate (612) is fixedly connected with the second sliding block (65), and the sucker mounting plates (62) are arranged at the bottoms of the two second connecting plates (612).

9. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 2, characterized in that: the guide rail assembly (7) comprises a pair of material vehicle rails (71) arranged on the lower support frame (11), and the material vehicle rails (71) are matched with pulleys at the bottom of the material vehicle.

10. The loading and unloading mechanism of claim 2, characterized in that: and a buffer storage component (9) for buffering materials is arranged on the lower support frame (11) and on one side of the guide rail component (7).