CN209572734U - Aerosol cultivation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of aerial fog cultivation devices, including cultivating frame body, the side of cultivation frame body is equipped with muti-piece field planting extruded sheet, the top surface for cultivating frame body is equipped with top plate, multiple planting holes for cultivated plant are offered on field planting extruded sheet, cultivation frame body is equipped with the nutrient solution spray device for spraying nutrient solution to plant, and the inside for being colonized extruded sheet and top plate is equipped with waterproof photomask, waterproof photomask forms an entirety, and corresponds at planting hole on waterproof photomask and offer through-hole.The aerial fog cultivation device can avoid the nutrient solution that nutrient solution spray device sprays out and leak spilling from the gap of muti-piece field planting extruded sheet；Shading can also be carried out to the root system of plant, the intensity of illumination of more convenient control root system of plant is in root system of plant in the growth light environment for being suitable for.Which solves existing aerial fog cultivation device nutrient solutions to be easy to happen leakage, root system of plant intensity of illumination problem not easy to control.

Description

Aerosol cultivation device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of plant soilless cultivation devices, in particular to an aerosol cultivation device.

Background technique

Plant cultivation techniques, from soil cultivation to soilless matrix cultivation, to hydroponics, and then to aerosol cultivation, the technical improvement of the root system environment has a huge impact on the yield and quality of crops.

Aerosol cultivation is a new type of crop cultivation method. It is a soilless cultivation technique that uses a spray device to atomize the nutrient solution into small droplets and spray it directly to the root system of the plant to provide the water and nutrients required for plant growth. It is considered to be one of the important ways of soilless cultivation technology in the future.

At present, due to technical and cost problems, my country mainly uses aerosol cultivation, an advanced cultivation technology and production method, in sightseeing agriculture and high-tech agricultural demonstration parks. Large-scale commercial promotion has not yet been formed, and it is still in the initial stage of exploration. But the future has very obvious advantages and broad prospects for development.

Existing aerosol cultivation devices usually have problems such as easy leakage of nutrient solution, difficulty in controlling the light intensity of plant roots, low plant planting efficiency, large area occupied by the device, and inconvenient disassembly and assembly; and, the existing aerosol cultivation device It is impossible to automatically control the temperature of the nutrient solution, and it is also impossible to automatically control the spray operation, humidity and air quality in the device, and the degree of automation is low, which is not conducive to the growth and development of plants.

Utility model content

The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an aerosol cultivation device to at least solve the problems in the prior art that the nutrient solution of the aerosol cultivation device is prone to leakage and the light intensity of plant roots is difficult to control.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides an aerosol cultivation device, which includes a cultivation frame body, a plurality of planting extruded boards are installed on the side of the cultivation frame body, a top plate is provided on the top surface of the cultivation frame body, and the planting extruded boards There are a number of planting holes for planting plants on the top, a nutrient solution spray device for spraying nutrient solution to the plants is provided on the cultivation frame, and a waterproof and light-shielding film is provided on the inner side of the planting extruded board and the top plate, and the waterproof and light-shielding film forms a Integral, and a through hole is opened on the waterproof shading film corresponding to the planting hole.

Further, the color of the waterproof and light-shielding film is black, and the thickness of the waterproof and light-shielding film is more than 12 filaments.

Furthermore, the cultivation frame is in the shape of a hexagonal platform, and the cross-sectional area of the upper part of the cultivation frame is smaller than that of the lower part.

Further, the cultivation frame body is formed by connecting multiple stainless steel pipes through bolts and nuts, and the edges of multiple planting extruded boards are bound and fixed on the cultivation frame body with cable ties, and the planting extruded boards are XPS extruded boards.

Further, the nutrient solution spraying device includes a nutrient solution storage tank arranged at the bottom of the cultivation frame body and an annular spray pipe arranged on the cultivation frame body. The annular spray pipe is provided with a plurality of high-pressure atomizing nozzles, and the annular spray pipe passes through the infusion tube. It communicates with the nutrient solution storage tank, and an infusion pump is installed on the infusion tube.

Further, at least 10 high-pressure atomizing nozzles are uniformly arranged on the annular spray pipe.

Further, the annular spray pipe includes a first annular spray pipe and a second annular spray pipe, the first annular spray pipe is installed on the upper part of the cultivation frame body, the second annular spray pipe is installed in the middle part of the cultivation frame body, and the second annular spray pipe The diameter is greater than the diameter of the first annular spray pipe, and the first annular spray pipe and the second annular spray pipe are connected to the infusion pump through an infusion tube.

Further, the high-pressure atomizing spray head is inclined downward at an angle of 20°-45° to the vertical direction.

Further, a filter screen is provided on the upper part of the nutrient solution storage tank, and the mesh number of the filter screen is not less than 300 mesh.

Further, a row of fans is arranged on the top plate, and the exhaust fans are axial flow fans.

Further, the aerosol cultivation device also includes a control system, and the control system includes a controller, a first temperature sensor and a heating rod arranged in the nutrient solution storage tank, and a second temperature sensor arranged on the planting extruded board close to the root system of the plant. The sensors, the first temperature sensor, the heating rod and the second temperature sensor are all connected to the controller.

Further, the exhaust fan is connected with the controller; the control system also includes a water pump controller connected with the infusion pump, and the water pump controller is connected with the controller.

Applying the technical scheme of the utility model, by setting a waterproof light-shielding film on the inner side of the planting extruded board and the top plate, the waterproof light-shielding film forms a whole; Leak and overflow from the gaps of multiple planted extruded boards. On the other hand, it can shade the root system of the plant, cover the external light and provide light for the plant root system through the internal light source, which is more convenient to control the light intensity of the plant root system. The plant root system is in a suitable growth and light environment; the problems that the nutrient solution of the existing aerosol cultivation device is prone to leakage and the light intensity of the plant root system is difficult to control are solved.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and the schematic embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute improper limitations to the utility model. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a front structural schematic diagram of an aerosol cultivation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a right view structural diagram of the aerosol cultivation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top structural schematic diagram of the aerosol cultivation device of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the aerosol cultivation device according to the embodiment of the present invention after the planting extruded board is removed (the through hole on the waterproof and light-shielding film is not shown).

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the annular spray pipe in the aerosol cultivation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of planting extruded boards in the aerosol cultivation device of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the oblique arrangement of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle in the aerosol cultivation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a circuit connection block diagram of the aerosol cultivation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the above-mentioned accompanying drawings include the following reference signs:

10. Cultivation frame; 20. Planting extruded board; 21. Planting hole; 30. Top plate; 40. Waterproof and shading film; 50. Nutrient solution storage tank; 51. Filter screen; 60. Ring spray pipe; 61. First Annular spray pipe; 62, second annular spray pipe; 70, high-pressure atomizing nozzle; 80, infusion tube; 90, infusion pump; 100, exhaust fan; 110, controller; 120, first temperature sensor; 130, heating rod; 140. A second temperature sensor; 150. A water pump controller.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of the utility model, the utility model will be described more comprehensively and in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. "First", "second" and similar words used in the utility model patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. Likewise, words like "a" or "one" do not indicate a limitation of quantity, but indicate that there is at least one. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right" and so on are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, an aerosol cultivation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the aerosol cultivation device includes a cultivation frame body 10, and a plurality of planting extrusion boards 20 are installed on the side of the cultivation frame body 10. The top surface of the frame body 10 is provided with a top plate 30, and a plurality of planting holes 21 for cultivating plants are provided on the planting extruded plate 20, and a planting basket (not shown) is provided in the planting hole 21, and the planting frame body 10 A nutrient solution spraying device for spraying nutrient solution to the plants is provided on the top, and a waterproof light-shielding film 40 is arranged on the inner side of the extruded plate 20 and the top plate 30 for planting. The waterproof light-shielding film 40 forms a whole, and the waterproof light-shielding film 40 corresponds to the A through hole is opened at the hole 21 .

The above-mentioned aerosol cultivation device, by setting the waterproof light-shielding film 40 on the inside of the planting extruded board 20 and the top plate 30, the waterproof light-shielding film 40 forms a whole, on the one hand, can avoid the nutrient solution sprayed by the nutrient solution spraying device from multiple Leakage and overflow in the gaps of the extruded boards 20 for planting, on the other hand, it can shade the root system of the plant, cover the external light and provide light for the plant root system through the internal light source, which is more convenient to control the light intensity of the plant root system, so that the plant The root system is in a suitable growth light environment.

Further, in this embodiment, the color of the waterproof and light-shielding film 40 is preferably black, and the thickness of the waterproof and light-shielding film 40 is preferably more than 12 filaments. The use of such a waterproof and light-shielding film 40 has a better light-shielding effect.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in this embodiment, the shape of the cultivation frame body 10 is preferably a hexagonal platform, and the cross-sectional area of the upper part of the cultivation frame body 10 is smaller than that of the lower part. The cultivation frame body 10 adopting this structure can reduce the footprint of the aerosol cultivation device, and make the plants located on the upper part of the planting extruded board 20 not too much block the illumination of the plants located in the lower part, and improve the illumination utilization of the plants. rate, which is more conducive to the growth of plants.

In this embodiment, the cultivation frame body 10 is formed by connecting multiple stainless steel pipes through bolts and nuts, and the edges of multiple planting extruded plastic plates 20 are bound and fixed on the cultivation frame body 10 with cable ties. Such arrangement makes it easy to assemble and disassemble the cultivation frame body 10 and the planting extruded board 20 in the aerosol cultivation device. Specifically, the included angle between the plurality of stainless steel pipes and the horizontal plane (the inner angle of the hexagonal truss) is 80°. The planting extruded board 20 is preferably an XPS extruded board, which has extremely low water absorption, low thermal conductivity, high compression resistance, aging resistance, and good thermal insulation, and is very suitable as a planting board for aerosol cultivation.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, the nutrient solution spraying device includes a nutrient solution storage tank 50 disposed at the bottom of the cultivation frame body 10 and an annular spray pipe 60 disposed on the cultivation frame body 10 . Among them, a plurality of high-pressure atomizing nozzles 70 are arranged on the annular spray pipe 60 , and the annular spray pipe 60 communicates with the nutrient solution storage tank 50 through the infusion pipe 80 , and an infusion pump 90 is installed on the infusion pipe 80 . The nutrient solution is stored in the nutrient solution storage tank 50, and the nutrient solution is delivered to the annular spray pipe 60 through the infusion pump 90 and the infusion tube 80, and then the nutrient solution is atomized and sprayed to the root system of the plant through the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 70, and the remaining nutrients The nutrient solution storage tank 50 where the liquid falls again is collected and reused. Such setting is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the nutrient solution and reduce the cost of plant cultivation.

The shape of the nutrient solution storage tank 50 is preferably a hexagonal shape compatible with the cultivation frame body 10, and the nutrient solution storage tank 50 should be set as large as possible, so that the falling nutrient solution can be better collected. The material of the annular spray pipe 60 is preferably 304 stainless steel, and the material of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 70 is preferably copper.

Further, the height of the aerosol cultivation device is 2m, the ratio of the diagonal lengths of the upper and lower hexagons is between 0.3-0.71, and the suitable range of inclination angles of the six hypotenuses is between 78°-85° . This setting can ensure that the plants fully absorb light and ensure the photosynthesis of the plants.

In order to improve the uniformity of nutrient solution spraying and ensure the balanced growth of plants in all directions on the aerosol cultivation device, preferably at least 10 above-mentioned high-pressure atomizing nozzles 70 are uniformly arranged on the annular spray pipe 60 . Nutrient solution is sprayed in various directions simultaneously through multiple high-pressure atomizing nozzles 70, thereby improving the balance of plant growth. Further, it is preferred that the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 70 is inclined downward at an angle of 20°-45° with the vertical direction. According to the inclination angle of the support frame between 78°-85°, the welding angle of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 70 can be adjusted between 20°-45°, so as to ensure that the plant roots on the planting hole 21 can absorb the nutrient solution droplets .

In order to make the plants on the upper and lower parts of the aerosol cultivation device evenly spray the nutrient solution, referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, in this embodiment, the annular spray pipe 60 includes a first annular spray pipe 61 and a second annular spray pipe 62 . Wherein, the first annular spray pipe 61 is installed on the top of the cultivation frame body 10 , and the second annular spray pipe 62 is installed on the middle part of the cultivation frame body 10 . Moreover, the diameter of the second annular spray pipe 62 is larger than the diameter of the first annular spray pipe 61 , and both the first annular spray pipe 61 and the second annular spray pipe 62 are connected to the infusion pump 90 through an infusion tube 80 . So set, the nutrient solution can be sprayed downwards simultaneously through the first annular spray pipe 61 and the second annular spray pipe 62, so that the plants located at the upper and lower parts of the aerosol cultivation device can be sprayed with the nutrient solution, further improving the upper and lower parts of the aerosol cultivation device. The balance of plant growth.

The sprayed nutrient solution is attached to the root system of the plant, and the excess nutrient solution forms droplets and drops into the nutrient solution storage tank 50. The dripped nutrient solution may have some debris such as fallen roots. Removal will affect the circulating spray of nutrient solution. Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, by setting a filter screen 51 on the top of the nutrient solution storage tank 50, the sundries in the dripping nutrient solution are filtered out, effectively avoiding the impact of the sundries on the nutrient solution. Circulation of the spray caused adverse effects. Preferably, the mesh number of the filter screen 51 is not less than 300 mesh.

In order to ensure that the air around the plant root system is circulated with the external environment air, referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in this embodiment, an exhaust fan 100 is also arranged on the top plate 30, through which the air in the aerosol cultivation device is exhausted. Replacement, to ensure the gas around the root system in the cultivation area and the external environment gas flow, so that the internal gas environment is kept fresh, and the growth rate of the plant root system is accelerated. The exhaust fan 100 is preferably an axial flow fan.

In order to automatically adjust and control the temperature of the sprayed nutrient solution, so that the nutrient solution sprayed on the plant root system has an appropriate temperature, see Figures 1 to 4 and 8, in this embodiment, the aerosol cultivation device It also includes a control system, which includes a controller 110, a first temperature sensor 120 and a heating rod 130 arranged in the nutrient solution storage tank 50, and a second temperature sensor arranged on the planting extruded board 20 close to the root system of the plant 140. Wherein, the first temperature sensor 120 , the heating rod 130 and the second temperature sensor 140 are all connected to the controller 110 .

Specifically, the controller 110 adopts the Stm32 main control board, and a 200W heating rod 130 is installed in the nutrient solution storage tank 50 to perform constant temperature control on the nutrient solution. The adjustable temperature range is 18°C-35°C, and the heating control The method is to heat for 5-10 minutes, pause for 2 minutes intermittently, until the set temperature is reached. Three DS18B20 stainless steel waterproof first temperature sensors 120 are installed in the nutrient solution storage tank 50 to monitor the temperature of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage tank 50. When the first temperature sensor 120 detects that the nutrient solution reaches the set temperature value, it will automatically feed back to the control system, turn off the heating rod 130, and stop heating.

A second temperature sensor 140 of XH-T106 waterproof type is respectively installed on the top and bottom of each planting extruded board 20, a total of 12 second temperature sensors 140, and the second temperature sensor 140 is installed near the plant root system, with To detect the water temperature of the nutrient solution sprayed on the root system of the plant through the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 70. If the water temperature of the plant root system is not within the specific plant root growth water temperature range, the second temperature sensor 140 feeds back the signal to the controller 110, and turns on the heating rod 130 to heat the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage tank 50. Just within the suitable temperature range for the root growth of specific plants.

Further, in order to monitor the running state of the aerosol cultivation device conveniently, the controller 110 collects data through the GSM/GPRS wireless data transmission module and transmits it to the Internet of Things platform, and realizes real-time monitoring and control through the mobile phone.

In this embodiment, the control system further includes a water pump controller 150 connected to the infusion pump 90 , and the water pump controller 150 is connected to the controller 110 . The water pump controller 150 has overload and phase loss protection functions to effectively protect the normal operation of the infusion pump 90 . The water pump controller 150 is connected with the controller 110 to regulate the spraying time interval, and set different spraying intervals according to the growth characteristics of different plants, so as to save water and electricity. For example: for the aerosol cultivation of lettuce, it can be set to a spraying interval of 5 minutes, that is, continuous spraying for 5 minutes and stop spraying for 5 minutes to achieve a suitable growth state.

In this embodiment, the exhaust fan 100 is connected to the controller 110, and by controlling the rotation speed of the exhaust fan 100, the humidity inside the aerosol cultivation device is regulated; at the same time, the internal air is replaced to ensure that the internal air is fresh. Because the long-term spray exceeds the evaporation capacity inside the aerosol cultivation device, the mist droplets cannot be completely evaporated; the high humidity environment inside the aerosol cultivation device can easily induce plant root rot and diseases, resulting in reduced crop yield and quality. By connecting the exhaust fan 100 with the controller 110, the suitable air humidity inside the aerosol cultivation box can be maintained to ensure that the roots of the crops grow within a relatively suitable humidity range.

Generally speaking, the aerosol cultivation device of the present utility model can greatly improve the planting efficiency, save land resources, increase the cultivation area of crops, have a very high utilization rate of various mineral ion fertilizers, and have no leakage of fertilizer and water; it can greatly increase the yield of crops and quality, while shortening the crop growth cycle, less restricted by the external environment, and no trouble of soil erosion; the aerosol cultivation device can realize the automatic adjustment of the temperature of the nutrient solution sprayed on the root system of the plant and the humidity in the cultivation device, so that Plants can grow under more suitable temperature and humidity conditions; the aerosol cultivation device can well control the spray time interval and protect the infusion pump 90 . The device has a simple structure, easy assembly and disassembly, low cost, and a high degree of automation. It can be applied to scenarios such as greenhouses, plant factories, ecological restaurants, and family balconies. It can cultivate high-end green agricultural products that are pollution-free, ecological, and good in taste. application prospects.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aerial fog cultivation device, including cultivation frame body (10), the side of cultivation frame body (10) is equipped with muti-piece field planting The top surface of extruded sheet (20), cultivation frame body (10) is equipped with top plate (30), offers on the field planting extruded sheet (20) multiple For the planting hole (21) of cultivated plant, cultivation frame body (10) is equipped with for the nutrient solution spray to plant sprinkling nutrient solution Mist device, which is characterized in that the inside of field planting extruded sheet (20) and the top plate (30) is equipped with waterproof photomask (40), institute It states waterproof photomask (40) and forms an entirety, and correspond at the planting hole (21) on the waterproof photomask (40) and open up There is through-hole.

2. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the color of the waterproof photomask (40) is black Color, the waterproof photomask (40) with a thickness of 12 or more.

3. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivation frame body (10) is in six prism-frustum-shapeds, The cross-sectional area on described cultivation frame body (10) top is less than the cross-sectional area of lower part.

4. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cultivation frame body (10) the You Duogen stainless steel Pipe connects to be formed by bolt and nut, and the edge of field planting extruded sheet (20) is with band binding and fixing in the cultivation described in muti-piece On frame body (10), the field planting extruded sheet (20) is XPS extruded sheet.

5. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nutrient solution spray device includes being set to institute The annular spray pipe (60) stating the standing reservoir slot (50) of cultivation frame body (10) bottom and being set on cultivation frame body (10), Multiple high-pressure atomization spray heads (70) are provided on the annular spray pipe (60), the annular spray pipe (60) passes through perfusion tube (80) it is connected to the standing reservoir slot (50), an infusion pump (90) is installed on the perfusion tube (80)；The annular spray High-pressure atomization spray head (70) described at least ten have been uniformly arranged on pipe (60).

6. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the annular spray pipe (60) includes the first ring Shape injection spray pipe (61) and the second annular spray pipe (62), the first annular injection spray pipe (61) are mounted on the cultivation frame body (10) Top, the second annular spray pipe (62) be mounted on it is described cultivation frame body (10) middle part, the second annular spray pipe (62) diameter is greater than the diameter of the first annular injection spray pipe (61), the first annular injection spray pipe (61) and second ring Shape injection spray pipe (62) is connect by a perfusion tube (80) with the infusion pump (90)；The high-pressure atomization spray head (70) and vertical Direction tilts down setting in 20 ° of -45 ° of angles.

7. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the top of the standing reservoir slot (50) is set Have a filter screen (51), the mesh number of the filter screen (51) is no less than 300 mesh.

8. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the top plate (30) is equipped with an exhaust fan (100), the exhaust fan (100) is tube-axial fan.

9. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the aerial fog cultivation device further includes a control System, the control system include the first temperature sensing of a controller (110), setting in the standing reservoir slot (50) The second temperature sensing of device (120) and heating rod (130) and setting in field planting extruded sheet (20) at root system of plant Device (140), first temperature sensor (120), the heating rod (130) and the second temperature sensor (140) with Controller (110) connection.

10. aerial fog cultivation device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the exhaust fan (100) and the controller (110) it connects；The control system further includes a water pump controller (150) connecting with the infusion pump (90), the water pump Controller (150) is connect with the controller (110).