CN209200778U - 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motors, including the motor being sequentially connected, transmission gear group and sprocket wheel, motor includes motor body and position detecting system, motor body includes primary teeth wheel shaft, rotor, stator, and electric machine casing, stator includes stator core and stator coil, stator core includes stator body and six magnetic pole of the stator, rotor includes rotor body and eight rotor magnetic poles, each stator coil includes magnet exciting coil and coil rack, magnet exciting coil includes the first magnet exciting coil, second magnet exciting coil, third magnet exciting coil, 4th magnet exciting coil, 5th magnet exciting coil and the 6th magnet exciting coil.The utility model structure is simple, brushless is worn, motor long service life；Rotor, without high temperature demagnetization phenomenon, at low cost, allows higher operating temperature without permanent magnet；Using the distinctive energy recovery function of switched reluctance machines, the utilization rate that motor bicycle uses distance and energy is greatly improved.

Description

6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor

Technical field

The utility model relates to motor field more particularly to 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motors.

Background technique

Existing switching magnetic-resistance motor bicycle built-in motor is a kind of centre for being mounted on front and back wheel, passes through chain and chain sprocket decelerating Power is passed to the motor of rear-wheel, existing switching magnetic-resistance motor bicycle built-in motor structure simple rigid, speed-regulating range width, speed regulation It has excellent performance, and all there is greater efficiency in entire speed adjustable range, system reliability is high.However, due to existing switching magnetic-resistance Motor bicycle built-in motor uses double-salient-pole structure, and the torque on rotor is formed by stacking by a series of pulse torques, and synthesis turns Square is non-constant, this leads to switched reluctance machines, and there are intrinsic torque pulsations, and torque pulsation is larger when especially motor low speed is run, and When high-speed cruising, become larger because the air drag being subject to is caused to increase with revolving speed for rotor with salient pole structure, reduces working efficiency and mention High operating noise.And existing switching magnetic-resistance motor bicycle built-in motor is not having energy recovery function in riding, tradition electricity is single Energy all wastes in vehicle built-in motor brake process, the waste of the energy content of battery, leverage motor bicycle operating range and Efficiency.

Therefore, existing switching magnetic-resistance motor bicycle built-in motor low efficiency during the work time is one and urgently to be resolved asks Topic.

Utility model content

The utility model proposes 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor, it is intended to solve to set electricity in existing motor bicycle The existing switching magnetic-resistance motor bicycle built-in motor of machine during the work time low efficiency the technical issues of.

The utility model proposes 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor, including be sequentially connected motor, gear teeth Wheel group and sprocket wheel, motor include motor body and the position detecting system that is connected with motor body, and motor body includes primary teeth Wheel shaft, the rotor being sheathed on primary teeth wheel shaft, on rotor outer periphery and can relative rotor rotation stator and motor casing Body, stator include stator core and the stator coil that is fixedly connected on stator core, and stator core includes stator body and week To six magnetic pole of the stator being set in stator body, rotor includes rotor body and circumferential eight rotors being set to outside rotor body The end of magnetic pole, each magnetic pole of the stator and each rotor magnetic pole is equipped with for making stator and rotor carry out the polar arc of air gap optimization End structure, the quantity of stator coil are six, and each stator coil includes magnet exciting coil and for fixed excitation coil Coil rack, magnet exciting coil include the first magnet exciting coil being oppositely arranged and the second magnet exciting coil, the third excitation being oppositely arranged Coil and the 4th magnet exciting coil and the 5th magnet exciting coil being oppositely arranged and the 6th magnet exciting coil, the first magnet exciting coil and Two magnet exciting coils join end to end to form the first stator winding；Third magnet exciting coil and the 4th magnet exciting coil join end to end to be formed Second stator winding；5th magnet exciting coil and the 6th magnet exciting coil join end to end to form third stator winding.

Further, position detecting system includes being fixed on the position inspection magnetic bead of the shaft end of primary teeth wheel shaft and being fixedly arranged on Position detection plate on electric machine casing.

Further, magnetic rotary encoder is installed on position detection plate.

Further, magnetic rotary encoder uses 360 ° of programmable magnetic rotation coding device AS5040.

Further, transmission gear group uses two stage speed change gear set, and transmission gear group includes being sheathed on primary teeth wheel shaft On primary pinion, be sheathed on primary teeth wheel shaft secondary gears, for be meshed with primary pinion or secondary gears time Grade output gear, the axis being sheathed in secondary output gear and the ratchet group being sheathed on axis；Sprocket wheel is fixed on secondary On output gear.

Further, transmission gear group further includes for sealing primary pinion, primary pinion and secondary output gear and spine The gear housing of wheel group and the gear box cover being covered on gear housing, axis stretch out outside gear box cover and are sheathed on axis On；One end of electric machine casing is interlocked with gear housing, and by position inspection lid, mutually lid closes the other end of electric machine casing.

Further, the both ends of axis are sealed by the first oil sealing and the second oil sealing, gear housing and gear box cover It is sealed by the first sealing ring, gear box cover is sealed with electric machine casing by the second sealing ring, electric machine casing and position Inspection lid is sealed by third sealing ring.

It is had the beneficial effect that acquired by the utility model

6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor provided by the utility model, using motor, transmission gear group and chain Wheel uses 6 pole of external stator, 8 pole of interior encapsulated rotor to subversiveness compared with existing 6/4 pole and 8/6 pole motor bicycle built-in motor Structure, to guarantee also to be able to achieve torque maximum output and torque pulsation minimum in the case where motor low speed is run；By turning The end of sub- magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator optimizes, and carries out air gap optimization to stator, rotor using polar arc end structure, effectively Torque pulsation when reducing stator, rotor contact and being detached from, so that the torque pulsation of short pitch and diameter pitch is effectively reduced, and And average torque is improved, while also eliminating the low-frequency harmonics and high-frequency harmonic of partial torque, reduce vibration；Using position detection System carries out excitation to magnet exciting coil, tries hard to generate the reluctance torque for making the axis of rotor magnetic pole and stator winding coincide, subtract Small torque pulsation；The energy function having using switched reluctance machines itself converts the mechanical energy in motor bicycle brake process For electric energy recycling and reusing, the utilization rate that motor bicycle uses distance and energy is greatly improved.It opens 6/8 pole provided by the utility model Magnetic resistance motor bicycle built-in motor is closed, structure is simple, brushless is worn, motor long service life；Rotor is moved back without permanent magnet without high temperature It is magnetic phenomenon, at low cost, allow higher operating temperature；Detent torque is big, and low-speed performance is good, and height can be achieved in wide speed regulating range Efficiency；Convert electric energy recycling and reusing for the mechanical energy in motor bicycle brake process, greatly improve motor bicycle using distance and The utilization rate of energy.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model, one preferred embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the explosion of 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor first preferred embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 3 is that the radial work of 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor first preferred embodiment of the utility model is cut Face figure；

Fig. 4 is that electricity is single when the rotor in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model rotates to turn-on angle The operation principle schematic diagram of vehicle built-in motor ontology；

Fig. 5 is position when the rotor in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model rotates to shutdown angle The operation principle schematic diagram of detection system；

Fig. 6 rotates to work original when θ 1 for the rotor in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model Manage schematic diagram；

Fig. 7 rotates to work original when θ 1 for the rotor in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model Manage schematic diagram；

Fig. 8 rotates to work original when θ 1 for the rotor in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model Manage schematic diagram；

Fig. 9 rotates to work original when θ 1 for the rotor in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model Manage schematic diagram；

Figure 10 is that phase inductance is bent with the variation of rotor-position in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor of the utility model Line schematic diagram.

Drawing reference numeral explanation:

10, motor；20, transmission gear group；30, sprocket wheel；11, motor body；12, position detecting system；111, primary teeth Wheel shaft；112, rotor；113, stator；114, electric machine casing；1131, stator core；1132, stator coil；11311, stator sheet Body；11312, magnetic pole of the stator；1121, rotor body；1122, rotor magnetic pole；11321, magnet exciting coil；11322, coil rack； 113211, the first magnet exciting coil；113212, the second magnet exciting coil；121, magnetic bead is examined in position；122, position detection plate；21, primary teeth Wheel；22, secondary gears；23, secondary output gear；24, axis；25, ratchet group；40, gear housing；50, gear box cover；60, Position inspection lid；71, the first oil sealing；72, the second oil sealing；81, the first sealing ring；82, the second sealing ring；83, third sealing ring.

The embodiments will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for the realization, functional characteristics and advantage of the utility model aim.

Specific embodiment

It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the utility model, it is not used to limit this Utility model.

As shown in Figures 1 to 10, the utility model first embodiment proposes to set electricity in 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle of one kind Machine, the utility model proposes 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor, including motor 10, the transmission gear being sequentially connected Group 20 and sprocket wheel 30, motor 10 include motor body 11 and the position detecting system 12 being connected with motor body 11, motor body 11 include primary teeth wheel shaft 111, be sheathed on primary teeth wheel shaft 111 rotor 112, be set to 112 periphery of rotor on and can be opposite The stator 113 and electric machine casing 114 that rotor 112 rotates, stator 113 is including stator core 1131 and is fixedly connected on stator Stator coil 1132 on iron core 1131, stator core 1131 include stator body 11311 and are circumferentially set to stator body 11311 Six interior magnetic pole of the stator 11312, rotor 112 include that rotor body 1121 and circumferential eight be set to outside rotor body 1121 turn The end of sub- magnetic pole 1122, each magnetic pole of the stator 11312 and each rotor magnetic pole 1122 is equipped with for making stator 113 and rotor 112 carry out the polar arc end structure of air gap optimization, and the quantity of stator coil 1132 is six, and each stator coil 1132 includes Magnet exciting coil 11321 and coil rack 11322 for fixed excitation coil 11321, magnet exciting coil 11321 include being oppositely arranged The first magnet exciting coil 113211 and the second magnet exciting coil 113212, the third magnet exciting coil that is oppositely arranged and the 4th excitation wire Circle and the 5th magnet exciting coil being oppositely arranged and the 6th magnet exciting coil, the first magnet exciting coil 113211 and the second magnet exciting coil 113212 join end to end to form the first stator winding；Third magnet exciting coil and the 4th magnet exciting coil join end to end to form second Stator winding；5th magnet exciting coil and the 6th magnet exciting coil join end to end to form third stator winding.

6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor provided in this embodiment, using motor, transmission gear group and sprocket wheel, Compared with existing 6/4 pole and 8/6 pole motor bicycle built-in motor, tied using 6 pole of external stator, 8 pole of interior encapsulated rotor to subversiveness Structure, to guarantee also to be able to achieve torque maximum output and torque pulsation minimum in the case where motor low speed is run；Pass through rotor The end of magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator optimizes, and carries out air gap optimization to stator, rotor using polar arc end structure, effectively drops Low stator, rotor contact and torque pulsation when being detached from, so that the torque pulsation of short pitch and diameter pitch is effectively reduced, and Average torque is improved, while also eliminating the low-frequency harmonics and high-frequency harmonic of partial torque, reduces vibration；Using position detection system System carries out excitation to magnet exciting coil, tries hard to generate the reluctance torque for making the axis of rotor magnetic pole and stator winding coincide, reduce Torque pulsation；The energy function having using switched reluctance machines itself converts the mechanical energy in motor bicycle brake process to Electric energy recycling and reusing greatly improves the utilization rate that motor bicycle uses distance and energy.6/8 pole provided in this embodiment switchs magnetic Motor bicycle built-in motor is hindered, structure is simple, brushless is worn, motor long service life；Rotor is existing without high temperature demagnetization without permanent magnet As, it is at low cost, allow higher operating temperature；Detent torque is big, and low-speed performance is good, can be achieved in wide speed regulating range efficient Rate；Electric energy recycling and reusing is converted by the mechanical energy in motor bicycle brake process, motor bicycle is greatly improved and uses distance and energy The utilization rate of amount.

Preferably, see Fig. 2,6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor provided in this embodiment, position detecting system 12 include the position inspection for being fixed on the position inspection magnetic bead 121 of the shaft end of primary teeth wheel shaft 111 and being fixedly arranged on electric machine casing 114 Drafting board 122.Further, magnetic rotary encoder is installed on position detection plate 122.Specifically, magnetic rotary encoder uses 360 ° of programmable magnetic rotation coding device AS5040.In the present embodiment, using AS5040 chip position detection system, as the world Upper the smallest magnetic rotary encoder, is detected than Traditional photovoltaic position detection and hall position, and volume is smaller, and installation is more succinct, point Resolution is higher, greatly improves the service performance of position detecting system and reduces failure rate.

Further, referring to fig. 2,6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor provided in this embodiment, transmission gear group 20 use two stage speed change gear set, and transmission gear group 20 includes the primary pinion 21 being sheathed on primary teeth wheel shaft 111, is sheathed on Secondary gears 22 on primary teeth wheel shaft 111, the secondary output gear for being meshed with primary pinion 21 or secondary gears 22 23, the axis 24 being sheathed in secondary output gear 23 and the ratchet group 25 being sheathed on axis 24；During sprocket wheel 30 is sheathed on On axis 24.Specifically, transmission gear group 20 further includes for sealing primary pinion 21, primary pinion 21 and secondary output gear 23 With the gear housing 40 of ratchet group 25 and the gear box cover 50 being covered on gear housing 40, axis 24 stretches out gear box cover Outside 50 and it is sheathed on axis 24；One end of electric machine casing 114 is interlocked with gear housing 40, the other end of electric machine casing 114 60 phase lid of lid is examined by position to close.In the present embodiment, transmission gear group 20 uses two stage speed change gear set, passes through double reduction solution Motor of having determined runs at high speed the contradiction run at a low speed with motor bicycle, and the torque output improved, greatly improves motor bicycle climbing energy Power and comfort of riding.

Optionally, as shown in Fig. 2, 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor provided in this embodiment, the two of axis 24 End is sealed by the first oil sealing 71 and the second oil sealing 72, gear housing 40 and gear box cover 50 by the first sealing ring 81 into Row sealing, gear box cover 50 are sealed with electric machine casing 114 by the second sealing ring 82, and lid 60 is examined in electric machine casing 114 and position It is sealed by third sealing ring 83.In the present embodiment, 24 both ends of axis are ridden and use TC outside framework oil seal, each part connection Place uses waterproof grommet, substantially increases the waterproof performance of product, improves service life, reduces maintenance cost.

As shown in Figures 1 to 10,6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor provided in this embodiment, working principle It is as follows:

When motor bicycle built-in motor is started to work, the rotor magnetic pole position signal that position detection plate 122 will test is sent To controller, controller is determined according to position signal, connects 113211 excitation of the first magnet exciting coil of stator, and generation is tried hard to make Close on the reluctance torque that rotor magnetic pole 1122 and 113211 axis of the first magnet exciting coil coincide.Rotor magnetic pole 1122 and stator magnet Air gap between pole 11312 goes to working gas gap by excessive air gap, increases suddenly to slow down torque, reduce torque pulsation, when turn When son 112 reaches shutdown angle θ off, the power-off of the first stator winding, air gap between rotor magnetic pole 1122 and magnetic pole of the stator 11312 by Working gas gap switchs to excessive air gap, reduces because the first stator winding powers off torque of the inverse electromotive force generated to rotor 112 It influences.After the power-off of first stator winding, controller connects the second stator winding, and the second stator winding excitation generates general magnetic resistance and turns Square, in cycles.

When user pinches lower parking brake, controller receives brake signal, cutting motor power supply, into energy regenerating mould Formula.The torque of switched reluctance machines is generated by the trend in magnetic circuit selection minimum reluctance path.In the linear mould of switched reluctance machines In formula analysis, phase inductance is as shown in Figure 10 with rotor position angle change curve, between θ 1 and θ 2, phase inductance elevated areas, if Phase winding has electric current to pass through, and will generate electronic torque, and electric energy is converted into mechanical energy by phase winding, then motor is in electronic mould Formula.Between θ 3 and θ 4, phase inductance, which declines region, will generate braking moment if phase winding has electric current to pass through, if there is machinery to make every effort to overcome System of mourning dynamic torque is away from motor rotation is maintained, and mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by phase winding and exports from phase winding both ends, then at motor In power generation mode.In energy recovery process, the stator winding of motor is both excitation winding and armature winding, excitation and power generation Process needs Time-sharing control, and the excitation process of last stage is that motor receives electric energy input process, and the size of exciting current is controllable.And The power generation process in stage is winding afterflow characteristic afterwards, uncontrollable, therefore, it is necessary to control hair by the electric current for controlling the excitation stage Output power in electric process.It is exactly that power generating stage output electric energy subtracts excitation discrete consuming electricity that motor, which is actually sent out effective electric energy, Energy.In energy recuperation mode, controller examines signal according to position and provides the exciting current of each phase of switching, and recycles each phase winding of motor Output electric energy carries out battery to continue charging.

The above is only the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and therefore it does not limit the scope of the patent of the utility model, all Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made based on the specification and figures of the utility model, is applied directly or indirectly in Other related technical areas are also included in the patent protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor, which is characterized in that including be sequentially connected motor (10), speed change Gear set (20) and sprocket wheel (30), the motor (10) include motor body (11) and the position that is connected with the motor body (11) It sets detection system (12), the motor body (11) includes primary teeth wheel shaft (111), is sheathed on the primary teeth wheel shaft (111) On rotor (112), be set to the rotor (112) periphery on and can relative rotor (112) rotation stator (113), Yi Ji electricity Casing body (114), the stator (113) include stator core (1131) and are fixedly connected on the stator core (1131) Stator coil (1132), the stator core (1131) include stator body (11311) and are circumferentially set to the stator body (11311) six magnetic pole of the stator (11312) in, the rotor (112) include rotor body (1121) and are circumferentially set to described Eight rotor magnetic poles (1122) of rotor body (1121) outside, each magnetic pole of the stator (11312) and each rotor magnetic The end of pole (1122) is equipped with for making the stator (113) and the rotor (112) carry out the polar arc end of air gap optimization Structure, the quantity of the stator coil (1132) are six, and each stator coil (1132) includes magnet exciting coil (11321) coil rack (11322) and for fixing the magnet exciting coil (11321), the magnet exciting coil (11321) include The first magnet exciting coil (113211) and the second magnet exciting coil (113212) that are oppositely arranged, the third magnet exciting coil being oppositely arranged and 4th magnet exciting coil and the 5th magnet exciting coil being oppositely arranged and the 6th magnet exciting coil, first magnet exciting coil (113211) it joins end to end with the second magnet exciting coil (113212) to form the first stator winding；The third magnet exciting coil and Four magnet exciting coils join end to end to form the second stator winding；5th magnet exciting coil and the 6th magnet exciting coil head and the tail phase Even to form third stator winding.

2. 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The position detecting system (12) include be fixed on the primary teeth wheel shaft (111) shaft end position inspection magnetic bead (121), with And it is fixedly arranged on the position detection plate (122) on the electric machine casing (114).

3. 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that

Magnetic rotary encoder is installed on the position detection plate (122).

4. 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that

The magnetic rotary encoder uses 360 ° of programmable magnetic rotation coding device AS5040.

5. 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The transmission gear group (20) uses two stage speed change gear set, and the transmission gear group (20) includes being sheathed on the primary Primary pinion (21) on gear shaft (111), the secondary gears (22) being sheathed on the primary teeth wheel shaft (111), for Secondary output gear (23) that the primary pinion (21) or the secondary gears (22) are meshed is sheathed on the secondary output Axis (24) in gear (23) and the ratchet group (25) being sheathed on the axis (24)；The sprocket wheel (30) is fixedly arranged on On the axis (24).

6. 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that

The transmission gear group (20) further includes for sealing the primary pinion (21), the primary pinion (21) and described time The gear housing (40) and the tooth that is covered on the gear housing (40) of grade output gear (23) and the ratchet group (25) It takes turns case lid (50), the axis (24) is stretched out the gear box cover (50) outside and is sheathed on the axis (24)；The motor One end of shell (114) is interlocked with the gear housing (40), and the other end of the electric machine casing (114) is examined by position to be covered (60) mutually lid closes.

7. according to 6/8 pole switching reluctance motor bicycle built-in motor as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that

The both ends of the axis (24) are sealed by the first oil sealing (71) and the second oil sealing (72), the gear housing (40) It is sealed with the gear box cover (50) by the first sealing ring (81), the gear box cover (50) and the electric machine casing (114) it is sealed by the second sealing ring (82), the electric machine casing (114) and institute's rheme inspection lid (60) are sealed by third Circle (83) is sealed.