Background technology
Continuous development along with the wind-powered electricity generation industry; Wind power technology is also constantly being upgraded, is being regenerated; Mainly show as: raising single-machine capacity, development new technology are improved the wind-powered electricity generation unit performance, improve wind energy utilization, are reduced wind power cost, pay attention to the control of wind-powered electricity generation unit safety property and system reliability more.The wind energy turbine set operation is controlled, the prediction dispatching technique is also perfect constantly.Simultaneously, utilize the wind energy on the sea resource, development marine wind electric field construction technique, the large-scale offshore wind farm machine of development consist of the technical development emphasis.
At present power at MW class and above large-scale wind electricity unit mainly with the double feed wind power generator group with directly to drive total power changing type wind turbine generator be main.The double feed wind power generator group has best cost performance, but to the ride-through capability of electric network fault and enabling capabilities a little less than.The driving-chain of double feed wind power generator group must have high power gearbox, and this reliability and maintainability to unit has proposed harsher requirement.Directly drive total power changing type wind turbine generator and be incorporated into the power networks through frequency converter, stronger to the ride-through capability of electric network fault, certain support electrical network ability is arranged, avoided the maintenance workload of high power gearbox, reliability increases.But because its rotating speed is very low, along with the increase of power, the manufacturing process of multipole several magneto alternators is complicated; Technical difficulty is big, and motor volume is big, and cost is high; Along with the continuous increase of unit capacity, big-power transducer costs an arm and a leg has increased its use cost simultaneously.
Switching magnetic-resistance formula wind generator system is to be the energy converting between mechanical core with the switch reluctance generator.Switch reluctance generator is a double salient-pole electric machine.Stator, rotor are salient pole teeth groove structure, and stator is provided with concentrated winding, have not both had winding on the rotor and have not also had permanent magnet.Switch reluctance generator does not have independently excitation winding, unites two into one with concentrating the stator armature that embeds.Stator is driver connected to output to DC side with electric energy, then through netting side inverter with energy feed-in electrical network.The switched reluctance machines energy density is big, and is simple in structure, and reliability is high, does not have demagnetizing effect.System does not have rush of current when being incorporated into the power networks, to almost not influence of system; The scalable reactive power.
Switch reluctance generator is simple in structure, brushless on the rotor, no winding, no permanent magnet.Be equivalent to a current source during its operation, in certain range of speeds, output end voltage can not change along with change in rotational speed like this, and obviously, the such variable-speed generator of switch reluctance generator can improve the utilization ratio of wind energy.Because top characteristic is arranged; Reasonably design, switch reluctance generator can be realized higher generating efficiency under wind-force directly drives, thereby has saved gear box; Make the whole generating system configuration succinct more, reliable, this is the development trend of wind generator system just also.In the running, the switch reluctance generator controllable parameter is many, like turn-on angle, the pass angle of rupture etc., can realize the control strategy of more complicated easily, controls output dc voltage and electric current flexibly.Consider that from the characteristics of wind power generation wind generator system at first will convert the wind energy that constantly changes into the alternating current of frequency, voltage constant or the direct current of voltage constant, and want the above-mentioned power conversion of high efficiency realization, to reduce cost.With this standard, the switched reluctance machines wind generator system is that application prospect is arranged very much aspect wind power generation.Along with the raising of device for high-power power electronic cost performance and the development of control strategy, the advantage of switching magnetic-resistance wind generator system will be able to embody gradually.
Along with the increase of power of motor, the volume of motor will be increasing.Especially for slowspeed machine, switching magnetic-resistance wind-driven generator for example is when power is above greater than megawatt or number megawatt; It is quite huge that its volume will become, and Heavy Weight, brings very big difficulty to transportation; Output power of unit volume diminishes relatively simultaneously, has increased the cost of generator and system thereof.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of can reduce significantly that MW class and above directly drives switching magnetic-resistance wind-driven generator cost and convenient transportation directly drive dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator.
The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is following:
The large-scale dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator that directly drives comprises wheel hub, main shaft, forward flange, stator core, casing, stator winding, rotor core, rear flange, frame, fore bearing outer shaft, fore bearing outer end cap, fore bearing, fore bearing internal axle sleeve, fore bearing inner end cap, rear bearing internal axle sleeve, rear bearing inner end cap, rear bearing, rear bearing outer end cap, rear bearing outer shaft and locking nut; Said wheel hub and main shaft are through bolted together; Said fore bearing is installed on the main shaft; Fore bearing outer shaft and fore bearing internal axle sleeve are installed on the main shaft and are positioned at the fore bearing two ends; The fore bearing outer end cap is enclosed within on the fore bearing outer shaft, and the fore bearing inner end cap is enclosed within on the fore bearing internal axle sleeve, and forward flange is between fore bearing outer end cap and fore bearing inner end cap; And be assemblied in above the fore bearing, tighten together through bolt and fore bearing outer end cap, fore bearing inner end cap; Forward flange and casing are through bolted together; Said rear bearing is installed on the main shaft; Rear bearing outer shaft and rear bearing internal axle sleeve are installed on the main shaft and are positioned at the rear bearing two ends; The rear bearing outer end cap is enclosed within on the rear bearing outer shaft, and the rear bearing inner end cap is enclosed within on the rear bearing internal axle sleeve, and rear flange is between rear bearing outer end cap and rear bearing inner end cap; And be assemblied in above the rear bearing, tighten together through bolt and rear bearing outer end cap, rear bearing inner end cap; Rear flange tightens together through bolt and casing, frame; Locking nut is installed in the rear bearing outer shaft outside on the main shaft; Said forward flange, casing, rear flange have constituted the disc type shell jointly; Said stator core is fixed in the disc type shell, and stator winding is fixed in the groove of stator core; Rotor core is installed on the main shaft between fore bearing internal axle sleeve and the rear bearing internal axle sleeve, and forms air gap between rotor core and the stator core.
Further, said generator is that single stator, single rotor directly drive dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator, and said stator core is fixed on forward flange or the rear flange, and between said rotor core and the main shaft rotor field spider is installed also.
Further, said generator is that birotor, intermediate stator are directly driven dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator, and said stator core is fixed on the casing, and said rotor core is positioned at the stator core both sides, and is fixed on the main shaft.
Further, said generator directly drives dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator for two stators, center roller, and said stator core is positioned at the rotor core both sides, is individually fixed on forward flange, the rear flange; Said rotor core is positioned in the middle of the stator core, and between said rotor core and the main shaft rotor field spider is installed also.
Further; Said generator is that multiple stators, many rotors directly drive the switching magnetic-resistance wind-driven generator; Two in said a plurality of stator core are individually fixed on forward flange, the rear flange; All the other stator cores are fixed on the casing, and said each rotor core is positioned in the middle of each stator core, and is fixed on the main shaft.
The utility model also provides a kind of large-scale dial switch magnetic resistance wind powered generator system that directly drives, and comprises above-mentioned dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator, also comprises power inverter, dc-battery, inverter and load, controller and accessory power supply; Said dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator is connected with power inverter, and power inverter is with being parallel with said dc-battery between inverter and the load; Dc-battery is connected with controller, and controller is connected with power inverter, and accessory power supply is connected with controller.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
1, the utility model kind of drive adopts the wheel hub direct drive mode, has greatly simplified drive mechanism, has significantly reduced complete machine weight simultaneously.
2, the motor of the utility model adopts dial switch reluctance generator structure; Belong to motor in axial magnetic field; Have in light weight, volume is little, compact conformation, rotor is lossless, torque/weight ratio is big, low cruise characteristics stably; It is big that the motor output power of unit volume becomes, and both reduced cost, made things convenient for transportation again.
3, the utility model can adopt multiple fabricated structures such as single air gap, two air gap and many air gaps, further improves the motor output power of unit volume, thereby further reduces motor volume and weight.
4, the utility model can significantly alleviate the weight and the cost of direct wind-driven generator, can be widely used in the direct-driving type wind power generation system.
Through accompanying drawing and embodiment, the technical scheme of the utility model is done further detailed description below.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is carried out detailed description.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, for single stator, single rotor directly drive dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator structure figure.Some short and small center lines are represented the screw bolt and nut of all size among the figure.Comprise in other main parts size of this structure: wheel hub 1, main shaft 2, forward flange 3, stator core 4, casing 5, stator winding 6, rotor core 7, rear flange 8, frame 9, rotor field spider 10, fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing outer end cap 12, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, fore bearing inner end cap 15, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing inner end cap 17, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer end cap 19, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21.
Wherein, wheel hub 1 and main shaft 2 are through bolted together.
Fore bearing 13 is installed on the main shaft 2; Fore bearing outer shaft 11 is installed on the main shaft 2 with fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14 and is positioned at fore bearing 13 two ends; Fore bearing outer end cap 12 is enclosed within on the fore bearing outer shaft 11, and fore bearing inner end cap 15 is enclosed within on the fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, and forward flange 3 is between fore bearing outer end cap 12 and fore bearing inner end cap 15; And be assemblied in above the fore bearing 13, tighten together through bolt and fore bearing outer end cap 12, fore bearing inner end cap 15.Forward flange 3 again with casing 5 through bolted together.
Stator core 4 is fixed on the forward flange 3, and stator winding 6 is fixed in the groove of stator core 4.
Rear bearing 18 is installed on the main shaft 2; Rear bearing outer shaft 20 is installed on the main shaft 2 with rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16 and is positioned at rear bearing 18 two ends; Rear bearing outer end cap 19 is enclosed within on the rear bearing outer shaft 20, and rear bearing inner end cap 17 is enclosed within on the rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, and rear flange 8 is between rear bearing outer end cap 19 and rear bearing inner end cap 17; And be assemblied in above the rear bearing 18, tighten together with rear bearing inner end cap 17 through bolt and rear bearing outer end cap 19.Rear flange 8 tightens together through bolt and casing 5, frame 9.
Rotor core 7 is installed on above the rotor field spider 10, and rotor field spider 10 is installed on the main shaft 2.
Locking nut 21 is positioned at rear bearing outer shaft 20 outsides on the main shaft 2, is used for the axial location of motor.
Main shaft 2 passes fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, rotor field spider 10, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21 successively, and outside forward flange 3 and rear flange 8.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, for birotor, intermediate stator are directly driven dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator structure figure.Some short and small center lines are represented the screw bolt and nut of all size among the figure.Comprise in other main parts size of this structure: wheel hub 1, main shaft 2, forward flange 3, stator core 4, casing 5, stator winding 6, rotor 7, rear flange 8, frame 9, fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing outer end cap 12, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, fore bearing inner end cap 15, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing inner end cap 17, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer end cap 19, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21.
Wherein, wheel hub 1 and main shaft 2 are through bolted together.
Fore bearing 13 is installed on the main shaft 2; Fore bearing outer shaft 11 is installed on the main shaft 2 with fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14 and is positioned at fore bearing 13 two ends; Fore bearing outer end cap 12 is enclosed within on the fore bearing outer shaft 11, and fore bearing inner end cap 15 is enclosed within on the fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, and forward flange 3 is between fore bearing outer end cap 12 and fore bearing inner end cap 15; And be assemblied in above the fore bearing 13, tighten together through bolt and fore bearing outer end cap 12, fore bearing inner end cap 15.Forward flange 3 again with casing 5 through bolted together.
Stator core 4 is fixed on the casing 5 between rotor core 7, and stator winding 6 is fixed in the groove of stator core 4.
Rear bearing 18 is installed on the main shaft 2; Rear bearing outer shaft 20 is installed on the main shaft 2 with rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16 and is positioned at rear bearing 18 two ends; Rear bearing outer end cap 19 is enclosed within on the rear bearing outer shaft 20, and rear bearing inner end cap 17 is enclosed within on the rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, and rear flange 8 is between rear bearing outer end cap 19 and rear bearing inner end cap 17; And be assemblied in above the rear bearing 18, tighten together with rear bearing inner end cap 17 through bolt and rear bearing outer end cap 19.Rear flange 8 tightens together through bolt and casing 5, frame 9.
Rotor core 7 is positioned at stator core 4 both sides, and is fixed on the main shaft 2.Locking nut 21 is positioned at rear bearing outer shaft 20 outsides on the main shaft 2, is used for the axial location of motor.
Main shaft 2 passes fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, rotor core 4, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21 successively, and outside forward flange 3 and rear flange 8.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, for two stators, center roller directly drive dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator structure figure.Some short and small center lines are represented the screw bolt and nut of all size among the figure.Comprise in other main parts size of this structure: wheel hub 1, main shaft 2, forward flange 3, stator core 4, casing 5, stator winding 6, rotor core 7, rear flange 8, frame 9, rotor field spider 10, fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing outer end cap 12, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, fore bearing inner end cap 15, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing inner end cap 17, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer end cap 19, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21.
Wherein, wheel hub 1 and main shaft 2 are through bolted together.
Fore bearing 13 is installed on the main shaft 2; Fore bearing outer shaft 11 is installed on the main shaft 2 with fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14 and is positioned at fore bearing 13 two ends; Fore bearing outer end cap 12 is enclosed within on the fore bearing outer shaft 11, and fore bearing inner end cap 15 is enclosed within on the fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, and forward flange 3 is between fore bearing outer end cap 12 and fore bearing inner end cap 15; And be assemblied in above the fore bearing 13, tighten together with fore bearing inner end cap 15 through bolt and fore bearing outer end cap 12.Forward flange 3 again with casing 5 through bolted together.
Stator core 4 is positioned at rotor core 7 both sides, is individually fixed on forward flange 3, the rear flange 8, and stator winding 6 is fixed in the groove of stator core 4.
Rear bearing 18 is installed on the main shaft 2; Rear bearing outer shaft 20 is installed on the main shaft 2 with rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16 and is positioned at rear bearing 18 two ends; Rear bearing outer end cap 19 is enclosed within on the rear bearing outer shaft 20, and rear bearing inner end cap 17 is enclosed within on the rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, and rear flange 8 is between rear bearing outer end cap 19 and rear bearing inner end cap 17; And be assemblied in above the rear bearing 18, tighten together with rear bearing inner end cap 17 through bolt and rear bearing outer end cap 19.Rear flange 8 tightens together through bolt and casing 5, frame 9.
Rotor core 7 is positioned in the middle of the stator core 4, and is fixed on the rotor field spider 10, and rotor field spider 10 is fixed on the main shaft 2 between fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14 and rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16.
Locking nut 21 is positioned at rear bearing outer shaft 20 outsides on the main shaft 2, is used for the axial location of motor.
Main shaft 2 passes fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, rotor field spider 10, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21 successively, and outside forward flange 3 and rear flange 8.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4, for multiple stators, many rotors directly drive dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator structure figure.Some short and small center lines are represented the screw bolt and nut of all size among the figure.Comprise in other main parts size of this structure: wheel hub 1, main shaft 2, forward flange 3, stator core 4, casing 5, stator winding 6, rotor core 7, rear flange 8, frame 9, fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing outer end cap 12, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, fore bearing inner end cap 15, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing inner end cap 17, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer end cap 19, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21.
Wherein, wheel hub 1 and main shaft 2 are through bolted together.
Fore bearing 13 is installed on the main shaft 2; Fore bearing outer shaft 11 is installed on the main shaft 2 with fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14 and is positioned at fore bearing 13 two ends; Fore bearing outer end cap 12 is enclosed within on the fore bearing outer shaft 11, and fore bearing inner end cap 15 is enclosed within on the fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, and forward flange 3 is between fore bearing outer end cap 12 and fore bearing inner end cap 15; And be assemblied in above the fore bearing 13, tighten together with fore bearing inner end cap 15 through bolt and fore bearing outer end cap 12.Forward flange 3 again with casing 5 through bolted together.
Two disc type stator cores 4 are individually fixed on forward flange 3, the rear flange 8, and all the other disc type stator cores 4 are fixed on the casing 5, and stator winding 6 is fixed in the groove of stator core 4.
Rear bearing 18 is installed on the main shaft 2; Rear bearing outer shaft 20 is installed on the main shaft 2 with rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16 and is positioned at rear bearing 18 two ends; Rear bearing outer end cap 19 is enclosed within on the rear bearing outer shaft 20, and rear bearing inner end cap 17 is enclosed within on the rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, and rear flange 8 is between rear bearing outer end cap 19 and rear bearing inner end cap 17; And be assemblied in above the rear bearing 18, tighten together with rear bearing inner end cap 17 through bolt and rear bearing outer end cap 19.Rear flange 8 tightens together through bolt and casing 5, frame 9.
Each disk rotor iron core 7 is positioned in the middle of the stator core 4, and is fixed on the main shaft 2.
Locking nut 21 is positioned at rear bearing outer shaft 20 outsides on the main shaft 2, is used for the axial location of motor.
Main shaft 2 passes fore bearing outer shaft 11, fore bearing 13, fore bearing internal axle sleeve 14, rotor core 7, rear bearing internal axle sleeve 16, rear bearing 18, rear bearing outer shaft 20, locking nut 21 successively, and outside forward flange 3 and rear flange 8.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 5; The switching magnetic-resistance wind powered generator system that directly drives of the utility model comprises any dial switch reluctance generator 23, power inverter 24, dc-battery 25, inverter and load 26, controller 27, accessory power supply 28 among the foregoing description 1-4; Wherein dial switch magnetic resistance wind-driven generator 23 is connected with power inverter 24, and power inverter 24 is with being parallel with dc-battery 25 between inverter and the load 26; Dc-battery 25 is connected with controller 27; Controller 27 links to each other with power inverter 24; Accessory power supply 28 is connected with controller 27.
The rotor of dial switch reluctance generator 23 drags rotation by wheel hub, is wind energy/mechanical energy conversion device; Power inverter 24 receives the control command that controllers 27 send, and the direct current that switch reluctance generator 23 is sent is exported to the energy storage device-dc-battery 25 of system; Controller 27; Comprise drive circuit, over-voltage over-current protection circuit, voltage and current detection circuit, rotor position detection circuit, single-chip microcomputer or DSP minimum system circuit etc.; Feedback information and the outside instructions of importing such as motor rotor position, speed and the electric current that controller 27 integrated treatment rotor position detectors, electric current and voltage detector provide; Realization is to the control of dial switch reluctance generator 23 running statuses; Each phase winding of control switch reluctance generator takes turns to operate, and realizes the conversion of mechanical energy to electric energy.Dc-battery 25 is energy storage devices of system; Inverter and load 26, the dc inverter that dial switch reluctance generator 23 is sent becomes alternating current, directly supplies with AC load; Accessory power supply 28, be used for to controller 27 provide ± 15V, ± multiple power supplies such as 5V.
What should explain at last is: the above is merely the preferred embodiment of the utility model; Be not limited to the utility model; Although the utility model has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; For a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.All within the spirit and principle of the utility model, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection range of the utility model.