CN209087248U - A kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system - Google Patents
A kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209087248U CN209087248U CN201821547042.7U CN201821547042U CN209087248U CN 209087248 U CN209087248 U CN 209087248U CN 201821547042 U CN201821547042 U CN 201821547042U CN 209087248 U CN209087248 U CN 209087248U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system, which includes air feed bottle, the first water feeding tank, the first seepage flow column, the second water feeding tank, the second seepage flow column, pressure water supply device, third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow column.The pressure water supply device includes that will be divided into water supply portion and gas supply part for water drum for water drum, and for the pressure-bearing push-plate in water drum.The air inlet of the pressure water supply device is connected by steam line with the gas outlet of the air feed bottle, and the water inlet of the pressure water supply device is connected with the water outlet of the first seepage flow column and the second seepage flow column respectively by water inlet line.The water outlet of the pressure water supply device is connected with the first water feeding tank, the second water feeding tank, the water inlet of third seepage flow column, the water inlet of the 4th seepage flow column and waste liquid bottle respectively by outlet pipe.The simulator is not only small in size, but also can simulate the Seepage Experiment under 0~500 meter of head pressure.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of simulators and analogy method applied to study of groundwater, specifically probe into
Aqueous porous medium gets over the simulator of clay retardation in streaming system.
Background technique
Inland plain salt-fresh water distributes alternately, one side scarcity of fresh water resources, and excessive exploitation induces surface subsidence and water
Matter deteriorates, and on the other hand the origin cause of formation of a large amount of still unemployed salt water and its Evolution are unknown, but deep layer clay is to underground water
A point band effect for water chemical elements has a major impact.Therefore, the retardance of clay in inland plain deeper subsurface water system is researched and developed
Effect, shows the cycle alternation intensity of underground water and its Evolution of Hydrochemical Composition in deep layer pore media aqueous system,
Have great importance to the formation for disclosing inland plain degree of saltiness Hydrochemical Composition.
Forefathers have numerous studies for soil column leaching, but traditional soil column leaching is the experiment of ordinary water pressure, empty by installation
Between limitation, can not experiment under simulated high-pressure.And this is to carry out simulation to deeper subsurface water system to probe into, requirement of experiment
Head pressure is high, and traditional soil column leaching is extremely difficult to the pressure of deeper subsurface water system, can not carry out simulated experiment.In addition it is
Make to reach required pressure simply by the mode for increasing seepage flow column, at high cost there is also simulator is bulky, installation
The problems such as inconvenience, interior is unable to store.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system regarding to the issue above
And analogy method, the simulator is not only small in size, but also can simulate the Seepage Experiment under 0~500 meter of head pressure, solves
Simulation nature mid-deep strata gets over the bottleneck problem of streaming system.The analogy method is with presenting in deep layer pore media aqueous system
The Evolution of the cycle alternation intensity and its Hydrochemical Composition that are lauched, for Rational exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources resource provide science according to
According to.
The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is that:
A kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system, including air feed bottle, the first water feeding tank, the first infiltration
Fluidization tower, the second water feeding tank, the second seepage flow column, pressure water supply device, third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow column；
Flour sand is separately filled in the first seepage flow column and the second seepage flow column；
The first seepage flow column is connected by first pipe with the first water feeding tank for filling salt water, the first seepage flow column
Lower part be provided with the first sampling pipe, the lower end surface of the first seepage flow column is provided with the first water outlet；
The second seepage flow column is connected by second pipe with the second water feeding tank for filling fresh water, the second seepage flow column
Lower part be provided with the second sampling pipe, the lower end surface of the second seepage flow column is provided with the second water outlet；
The pressure water supply device include for water drum, it is described for being provided with the pressure-bearing push-plate that can slide up and down in water drum,
And the inner space for water drum is sequentially divided into water supply portion and gas supply part by the pressure-bearing push-plate from top to bottom, and described
Gas supply part and water supply portion mutually completely cut off, the lower end surface for water drum is provided with air inlet and exhaust outlet, the exhaust outlet
On be sealedly connected with exhaust pipe, the upper surface for water drum is respectively arranged with inlet and outlet, the pressure-bearing push-plate
Upper and lower two sides are respectively arranged with pressure-bearing push rod, and the free end of the pressure-bearing push rod is each passed through and described extends to for water drum
The outside for water drum；
Be sequentially filled from top to bottom in the third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow column water stone on top, test soil sample and
Water stone on lower part, the test soil sample are clay；
The upper end of the third seepage flow column is provided with third sampling pipe, and the upper end of the 4th seepage flow column is provided with the 4th and adopts
The lower end of sample pipe, the third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow column is respectively arranged with water inlet；
The air inlet of the pressure water supply device is connected by steam line with the gas outlet of the air feed bottle, and the pressure supplies
The water inlet of hydrophone is connected with first water outlet and the second water outlet respectively by water inlet line, the pressure water supply device
Water outlet on be connected with primary flow pipe road, be parallel on the primary flow pipe road the first outlet conduit, the second outlet conduit,
Third outlet conduit, the 4th outlet conduit and the 5th outlet conduit, first outlet conduit are connected with the first water feeding tank,
Second outlet conduit is connected with second water feeding tank, the third outlet conduit and the third seepage flow column
Water inlet be connected, the 4th outlet conduit is connected with the water inlet of the 4th seepage flow column, the 5th outlet pipe
Road is connected with waste liquid bottle；
The exhaust pipe, first pipe, second pipe, the first sampling pipe, the second sampling pipe, third sampling pipe, the 4th
Valve is respectively arranged on sampling pipe, the first outlet pipe, the second outlet pipe, third outlet pipe, the 4th outlet pipe and the 5th outlet pipe
Door；
The valve of control the first water outlet on-off and the second water outlet on-off is separately provided on the water inlet line
Door；
Pressure reducing valve and pressure gauge are provided on the steam line；
First sampling pipe, the second sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe lower section be placed with graduated cylinder respectively.
Further, scale is provided on the pressure-bearing push rod.
Further, the free end of the pressure-bearing push rod is fixedly installed handle.
Further, described for water drum includes middle cylinder, and the both ends of the middle cylinder are respectively arranged with sealing plate, and
The sealing plate is pressed on the end face of the middle cylinder by the first pull rod and locking nut.
Further, it is provided with groove annular in shape on the medial surface of the sealing plate, is provided in the groove close
Seal, the upper/lower terminal of the middle cylinder are inserted into the groove respectively and are pressed on the sealing ring.
Further, the third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow rod structure are identical, from the bottom up successively include pedestal, seep
Flow cartridge and gland, and the pedestal and gland passes through the second pull rod respectively and locking nut is pressed in the seepage flow cylinder
Upper and lower both ends.
Further, the internal diameter of the seepage flow cylinder is 110mm, and the thickness of water stone is on water stone and lower part on the top
20mm, it is described test soil sample with a thickness of 100mm.
Further, the diameter of the first seepage flow column and the second seepage flow column is 200mm, is highly 1000mm, institute
Stating distance of first sampling pipe away from the first seepage flow column upper end is 900mm, second sampling pipe away from the second seepage flow column upper end away from
From for 900mm.
A kind of analogy method for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system, includes the following steps,
The first step, preparation is for examination water sample and percolating medium；
A1, it after quartz sand is screened to partial size < 0.2cm, to quartz sand distilled water flushing, drying, weighing, then will dry
Quartz sand after dry is uniformly loaded into the first seepage flow column and the second seepage flow column and stoppers rubber stopper；
A2, undisturbed soil sample outer wall mud is scraped completely, cuts undisturbed soil sample with cutting ring, obtain test soil sample, and measure examination
Test diameter, height, physicochemical property and the calculation permeability coefficient K of soil sample0With porosity e0；
A3, water stone on lower part is placed on third seepage flow column bottom；
A4, glass cement is coated on the inner wall of test soil sample outer wall and third seepage flow column, and sample soil sample is put into third
In seepage flow column, water stone on top then is placed in the top of test soil sample；
A5, the operation for repeating step a3-a4, load the 4th seepage flow column；
A6, the third seepage flow column filled and the 4th seepage flow column are stood 7~14 days, then locks gland respectively；
A7, removal of impurities is filtered to salt water and fresh water with 0.45um miillpore filter；
Second step, measures the height and internal diameter of the first seepage flow column and the second seepage flow column, and assembles；
Third step, measure salt water in the first water feeding tank and the conductivity of the fresh water in second water feeding tank, temperature,
The ion concentration of PH and nitrate anion, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, and record；
4th step opens the valve of first pipe, until the first seepage flow column reaches saturation state, then opens second pipe
Valve, until the second seepage flow column reaches saturation state；
5th step supplies water to the water supply portion of pressure water supply device；
Valve on b1, opening exhaust pipe and the 5th outlet conduit, then pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until
Pressure-bearing push-plate is adjacent to the upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device；
Valve on b2, the 5th outlet conduit of closing opens the valve in first pipe and is used to control the first water outlet
Then the valve of on-off pulls pressure-bearing push rod to gas supply part side, until pressure-bearing push-plate be adjacent to pressure water supply device for water drum
Lower end surface；
B3, the valve in first pipe and the valve for controlling the first water outlet on-off are closed, opens the 5th outlet pipe
Then valve on road pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until the water outlet of the 5th outlet conduit；
B4, repeat step b2-b3 operation three times, the valve being then shut off on the valve and exhaust pipe on the 5th outlet conduit
Door；
6th step, constant pressure experimentation；
C1, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 0.15MPa；
C2, the valve for opening air feed bottle open the valve on the first sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe, to
After first sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the water outlet of the 4th sampling pipe, water seepage is read by the scale on graduated cylinder every 6 hours
Volume, and measure conductivity, temperature, pH value and the nitrate anion of water seepage, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion,
The ion concentration of calcium ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, and record, until the conductivity of water seepage reaches stable state, then close
Close the valve on gas supply bottle valve and the first sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe；
C3, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 0.25MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2；
C4, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 0.35MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2；
C5, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 0.5MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2；
C6, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 1MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2；
C7, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 1.6MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2；
C8, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 2MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2；
7th step simulates the brackish water displacement salt water process of wet season；
Valve on d1, opening exhaust pipe and the first outlet conduit, then pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until
Pressure-bearing push-plate is adjacent to the upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device；
Valve on d2, the first outlet conduit of closing opens the valve in first pipe and is used to control the first water outlet
Then the valve of on-off pulls pressure-bearing push rod to gas supply part side, until on the end face and the first pressure-bearing push rod for water drum
Mid-scale alignment, the valve being then shut off in first pipe and the valve for control the first water outlet on-off, opening the
Valve on two pipelines and the valve for controlling the second water outlet on-off continue to pull pressure-bearing push rod to gas supply part side, directly
The lower end surface for water drum of pressure water supply device is adjacent to pressure-bearing push-plate；
D3, the valve on second pipe and the valve for controlling the second water outlet on-off are closed, opens the 5th outlet pipe
Then valve on road pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until the 5th outlet conduit is discharged, be then shut off the 5th water outlet
Valve on pipeline；
D4, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 1.6MPa, then opens the valve and third of air feed bottle
Valve on sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe；
D5, the valve opened on the 5th outlet conduit are sampled, and measure the conductivity of water sample, temperature, pH value and
The ion concentration of nitrate anion, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, sampling terminate
The valve on the 5th outlet conduit is closed afterwards；
D6, the body that water seepage is read by the scale being placed on the graduated cylinder below third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe
Product, and measure conductivity, temperature, pH value and nitrate anion, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, the sodium ion, calcium of water seepage
The ion concentration of ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, and record；
D7, the operation that step d5-d6 was repeated once every 6 hours, until the conductivity of water seepage reaches stable state,
The valve being then shut off on gas supply bottle valve and third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe.
8th step simulates the Fresh Water Drive brackish water process of wet season；
Valve on e1, opening exhaust pipe and the 5th outlet conduit, then pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until
Pressure-bearing push-plate is adjacent to the upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device, the valve being then shut off on the 5th outlet conduit；
E2, the valve on second pipe and the valve for controlling the second water outlet on-off are opened, then to gas supply part one
Layback moves pressure-bearing push rod, until pressure-bearing push-plate is adjacent to the lower end surface for water drum of pressure water supply device；
E3, the valve on second pipe and the valve for controlling the second water outlet on-off are closed, opens the second outlet pipe
Then valve on road pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until the water outlet of the second outlet conduit, be then shut off second
Valve on outlet conduit；
E4, repeat step e2-e3 operation three times, the valve being then shut off on exhaust pipe；
E5, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 1.6MPa；
E6, the valve for opening air feed bottle open the valve on the second sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe, to
After third sampling pipe and the water outlet of the 4th sampling pipe, the volume of water seepage was read by the scale on graduated cylinder every 6 hours, and measure
Conductivity, temperature, pH value and the nitrate anion of water seepage, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium from
The ion concentration of son, potassium ion, and record, until the conductivity of water seepage reaches stable state, it is then shut off gas supply cylinder valve
Valve on door and the second sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe；
9th step simulates the salt water displacement fresh water process in dry season；
Valve on f1, opening exhaust pipe and the second outlet conduit, then pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until
Pressure-bearing push-plate is adjacent to the upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device, the valve being then shut off on the second outlet conduit；
F2, the valve in first pipe and the valve for controlling the first water outlet on-off are opened, then to gas supply part one
Layback moves pressure-bearing push rod, until pressure-bearing push-plate is adjacent to the lower end surface for water drum of pressure water supply device；
F3, the valve in first pipe and the valve for controlling the first water outlet on-off are closed, opens the first outlet pipe
Then valve on road pushes pressure-bearing push rod to water supply portion side, until the water outlet of the first outlet conduit, be then shut off first
Valve on outlet conduit；
F4, repeat step f2-f3 operation three times, the valve being then shut off on exhaust pipe；
F5, the pressure of pressure reducing valve on steam line is adjusted to 1.6MPa；
F6, the valve for opening air feed bottle open the valve on the first sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe, to
After third sampling pipe and the water outlet of the 4th sampling pipe, the volume of water seepage was read by the scale on graduated cylinder every 6 hours, and measure
Conductivity, temperature, pH value and the nitrate anion of water seepage, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium from
The ion concentration of son, potassium ion, and record, until the conductivity of water seepage reaches stable state, it is then shut off gas supply cylinder valve
Valve on door and the first sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe；
Tenth step takes out test soil sample, and tests its coefficient of permeability K of soil sample at this time according to the test of soil test method1The hole and
Gap rate e1, the distribution coefficient K of test soil sample is then measured according to indoor adsorption isotherm experimental methodd。
It further, is single with 0.02MPa when the pressure to pressure reducing valve is adjusted in step c1, c3, c4, c5
Position is adjusted step by step, and adjustment interval 1-2 hours every time, in step c6, c7, c8, d4, e5, f5, in the pressure to pressure reducing valve
It when power is adjusted, is adjusted step by step as unit of 0.1MPa, and adjustment interval 1-2 hours every time.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, the simulator can not only reach higher experimental pressure, can simulate depth by setting pressure water supply device
The Seepage Experiment of layer ground water regime solves the bottleneck problem that simulation nature mid-deep strata gets over streaming system, and the simulation fills
It sets suitable with traditional volume of simulator of soil column leaching.
2, the simulator is compact-sized, easy to operate, and manufacturing cost is lower.
3, the simulator can control the confession of pressure water supply device by the way that pressure reducing valve and pressure gauge are arranged on steam line
Water pressure has a wide range of application to simulate the Seepage Experiment of different depth ground water regime, to reduce experimental cost.
4, the simulator can not only simulate the mutual displacement process between fresh water, saline and slight saline water, and brackish water
The mixed proportion of middle fresh water and salt water, which can according to need, to be adjusted.5. the available inland plain deep layer of the simulator
The motion feature of underground water, the evolution Feature of Hydrochemical Composition, the variation characteristic of clay physicochemical property, clay retardation coefficient,
Show the retardation of clay in deeper subsurface water system, disclose the origin cause of formation of inland plain groundwater chemical ingredient and its drills
Law.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of simulator；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of pressure water supply device；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of third seepage flow column.
In figure: 1- air feed bottle, the first water feeding tank of 21-, 211- the first seepage flow column, the first sampling pipe of 2111-, 212- first are managed
Road, the second water feeding tank of 22-, 221- the second seepage flow column, the second sampling pipe of 2211-, 222- second pipe, 3- pressure water supply device,
311- middle cylinder, 312- sealing plate, the first pull rod of 313-, 32- pressure-bearing push-plate, 33- pressure-bearing push rod, 34- handle, 35- exhaust pipe,
4- third seepage flow column, 41- third sampling pipe, 42- pedestal, 43- seepage flow cylinder, 44- gland, the second pull rod of 45-, water on the top 46-
Stone, 47- test soil sample, water stone on the lower part 48-, the 4th seepage flow column of 5-, the 4th sampling pipe of 51-, 6- steam line, 61- pressure reducing valve,
62- pressure gauge, 7- water inlet line, 8- primary flow pipe road, the first outlet conduit of 81-, the second outlet conduit of 82-, the water outlet of 83- third
Pipeline, the 4th outlet conduit of 84-, the 5th outlet conduit of 85-, 91- valve, 92- graduated cylinder, 93- waste liquid bottle.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system includes that air feed bottle 1, first supplies
Water tank 21, the first seepage flow column 211, the second water feeding tank 22, the second seepage flow column 221, pressure water supply device 3, third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th
Seepage flow column 5.Wherein the first seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221 are described for simulating low pressure water running system
Third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5 are for simulating artesian water running system.
The first seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221 is the cylindrical barreled knot of lower end closed upper end opening
Structure, and the upper end of the first seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221 is separately provided for closing the first seepage flow column
211 and second seepage flow column 221 rubber stopper.Powder is separately filled in the first seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221
Sand.
As a kind of specific embodiment, the first seepage flow column 211 described in the present embodiment and the second seepage flow column 221 are adopted
It is made with organic glass, and the diameter of the first seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221 is 200mm, described first
The height of seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221 is 1000mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the upper end of the first seepage flow column 211 passes through first pipe 212 and first water feeding tank 21
It is connected, and is provided with the valve 91 for controlling 212 on-off of first pipe in the first pipe 212.Described first
Salt water is contained in water feeding tank 21.The lower part of the cylindrical side of the first seepage flow column 211 is provided with and 211 phase of the first seepage flow column
First sampling pipe 2111 of connection, the lower section of first sampling pipe 2111 is placed with the graduated cylinder 92 for accepting test liquid.Institute
The valve 91 for controlling 2111 on-off of the first sampling pipe is provided on the first sampling pipe 2111 stated.The first seepage flow column
211 lower end surface is provided with the first water outlet.
As a kind of specific embodiment, the first sampling pipe 2111 is away from 211 upper end of the first seepage flow column described in the present embodiment
Distance be 900mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the upper end of the second seepage flow column 221 passes through second pipe 222 and second water feeding tank 22
It is connected, and is provided with the valve 91 for controlling 222 on-off of second pipe on the second pipe 222.Described second
Fresh water is contained in water feeding tank 22.The lower part of the cylindrical side of the second seepage flow column 221 is provided with and 221 phase of the second seepage flow column
Second sampling pipe 2211 of connection, the lower section of second sampling pipe 2211 is placed with the graduated cylinder 92 for accepting test liquid.Institute
The valve 91 for controlling 2111 on-off of the first sampling pipe is provided on the second sampling pipe 2211 stated.The second seepage flow column
221 lower end surface is provided with the second water outlet.
As a kind of specific embodiment, the second sampling pipe 2211 is away from 221 upper end of the second seepage flow column described in the present embodiment
Distance be 900mm.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the pressure water supply device 3 include one with closed cavity for water drum, the confession
Being provided in water drum can be along the pressure-bearing push-plate 32 slided up and down for water drum, and the pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is by the water supply
The inner space of cylinder is divided into two parts up and down, and middle and upper part is water supply portion, and lower part is gas supply part.In order to by the gas supply part
Mutually completely cut off with water supply portion, is arranged with sealing ring (not shown) on the outside cylindrical surface of the pressure-bearing push-plate 32.The confession
The lower end surface of water drum is provided with air inlet and exhaust outlet, and exhaust pipe 35, the exhaust are sealedly connected on the exhaust outlet
The valve 91 for controlling 35 on-off of exhaust pipe is provided on pipe 35.The upper surface for water drum is respectively arranged with into water
Mouth and water outlet.The upper and lower two sides of the pressure-bearing push-plate 32 are fixedly installed pressure-bearing push rod 33 by welding respectively, are
Facilitate description, the pressure-bearing push rod 33 for now passing through gas supply part is named as the first pressure-bearing push rod, across the pressure-bearing push rod of water supply portion
33 are named as the second pressure-bearing push rod, and the free end of the first pressure-bearing push rod and the second pressure-bearing push rod is each passed through the confession
Water drum extends to the outside for water drum.The inside cylindrical of the through-hole for accommodating the pressure-bearing push rod 33 for water drum
Sealing ring (not shown) is provided on face.
Further, the free end of the first pressure-bearing push rod is fixedly installed handle 34 for operating easily,.
Further, corrode in order to avoid described for water drum, influence experimental configuration, it is described for water drum, pressure-bearing
Push-plate 32 and pressure-bearing push rod 33 are all made of titanium alloy and are made.
Further, in order to facilitate the operation of and guarantee the accuracy of experimental result, be arranged on the first pressure-bearing push rod
There is scale, and when the pressure-bearing push-plate 32 reaches the extreme position of upper end, the lower end surface for water drum and described first
0 scale alignment on pressure-bearing push rod, when the pressure-bearing push-plate 32 reaches the extreme position of lower end, the lower end for water drum
Face is aligned with the maximum scale on the first pressure-bearing push rod.
It for water drum include cylindrical barrel in both ends open as shown in Fig. 2, described as a kind of specific embodiment
The middle cylinder 311 of structure, the both ends of the middle cylinder 311 are respectively arranged with sealing plate 312, sealing plate 312 described in two it
Between be provided at least three first pull rods 313, the both ends of the pull rod are respectively arranged with locking nut, and the sealing plate 312 is logical
It crosses the first pull rod 313 and locking nut is pressed on the end face of the middle cylinder 311.As a kind of specific embodiment,
In the present embodiment, the quantity of first pull rod 313 is four, and along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed.
Further, in order to avoid opposite sliding occurs between sealing plate 312 and middle cylinder 311, as shown in Fig. 2, described
Groove annular in shape, the groove are provided on the medial surface (using the opposite side of two sealing plates 312 as inside) of sealing plate 312
It is inside provided with sealing ring (not shown), the upper/lower terminal of the middle cylinder 311 is inserted into the groove respectively and presses
Tightly on the sealing ring.
As shown in Figure 1, the upper end of the third seepage flow column 4 is provided with third sampling pipe 41, the third sampling pipe 41
Lower section is provided with the graduated cylinder 92 for accepting test liquid, and is provided on the third sampling pipe 41 for controlling third sampling
The valve 91 of 41 on-off of pipe.The upper end of the 4th seepage flow column 5 is provided with the 4th sampling pipe 51, under the 4th sampling pipe 51
Side is placed with the graduated cylinder 92 for accepting test liquid, and is provided on the 4th sampling pipe 51 for controlling the 4th sampling pipe
The valve 91 of 51 on-off.The lower end of the third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5 is respectively arranged with water inlet.
Since the third seepage flow column 4 is identical with 5 structure of the 4th seepage flow column, now only by taking third seepage flow column 4 as an example to
The structure of three seepage flow columns 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5 is described in detail.
As shown in figure 3, the third seepage flow column 4 successively includes pedestal 42, seepage flow cylinder 43 and gland 44, institute from the bottom up
At least three second pull rods 45 are provided between the pedestal 42 stated and gland 44, the both ends of the pull rod are respectively arranged with locking screw
Mother, the pedestal 42 and gland 44 be pressed under the seepage flow cylinder 43 by the second pull rod 45 and locking nut respectively,
Upper both ends.As a kind of specific embodiment, in the present embodiment, the quantity of second pull rod 45 is four, and circumferentially side
To uniformly.It has been sequentially filled from top to bottom in the third seepage flow column 4 on water stone 46 on top, test soil sample 47 and lower part
Water stone 48.The test soil sample 47 is clay.
Further, in order to avoid corroding, the accuracy of experimental result, the pedestal 42, seepage flow cylinder 43 are influenced
Titanium alloy is all made of with gland 44 to be made.
Further, in order to avoid phase occurs between pedestal 42 and seepage flow cylinder 43 and between gland 44 and seepage flow cylinder 43
To sliding, as shown in figure 3, the medial surface of the pedestal 42 and gland 44 (using the opposite side of pedestal 42 and gland 44 as inside)
On be respectively arranged in round boss, the outside that the boss is located on the medial surface of the pedestal 42 and gland 44 covers respectively
Equipped with sealing ring (not shown), the round boss on the pedestal 42 and gland 44 is inserted respectively into the seepage flow cylinder 43
Upper and lower both ends, and the upper and lower both ends of the surface of the seepage flow cylinder 43 are pressed on respectively on the sealing ring of the pedestal 42 and gland 44.
As a kind of specific embodiment, the internal diameter of seepage flow cylinder described in the present embodiment 43 is 110mm, water on the top
The thickness of water stone 48 is 20mm on stone 46 and lower part, it is described test soil sample 47 with a thickness of 100mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the air inlet of the pressure water supply device 3 passes through the gas outlet phase of steam line 6 and the air feed bottle 1
Even, and pressure reducing valve 61 and pressure gauge 62 are provided on the steam line 6.The water inlet of the pressure water supply device 3 by into
Waterpipe 7 is connected respectively at first water outlet and the second water outlet, and is respectively set on the water inlet line 7 useful
In the valve 91 of control the first water outlet on-off and the second water outlet on-off.It is connected on the water outlet of the pressure water supply device 3
Primary flow pipe road 8 is parallel with the first outlet conduit 81, the second outlet conduit 82, third outlet pipe on the primary flow pipe road 8
Road 83, the 4th outlet conduit 84 and the 5th outlet conduit 85, wherein first outlet conduit 81 and 21 phase of the first water feeding tank
Connection, second outlet conduit 82 are connected with second water feeding tank 22, the third outlet conduit 83 and institute
The water inlet for stating third seepage flow column 4 is connected, and the 4th outlet conduit 84 is connected with the water inlet of the 4th seepage flow column 5,
5th outlet conduit 85 is connected with waste liquid bottle 93.First outlet conduit 81, the second outlet conduit 82, third
The valve 91 for controlling its on-off is provided on outlet conduit 83, the 4th outlet conduit 84 and the 5th outlet conduit 85.
A kind of analogy method for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system, includes the following steps,
The first step, preparation is for examination water sample and percolating medium.
A1, it after quartz sand is screened to partial size < 0.2cm, to quartz sand distilled water flushing, drying, weighing, then will dry
Quartz sand after dry is uniformly loaded into the first seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221 and stoppers rubber stopper.
A2, undisturbed soil sample outer wall mud is scraped completely, cuts undisturbed soil sample with cutting ring, obtain test soil sample, and measure examination
Test diameter, height, physicochemical property and the calculation permeability coefficient K of soil sample0With porosity e0。
A3, water stone 48 on lower part is placed on to 4 bottom of third seepage flow column.
A4, glass cement is coated on the inner wall of test soil sample outer wall and third seepage flow column 4, and sample soil sample is put into third
In seepage flow column 4, water stone 46 on top then is placed in the top of test soil sample.
A5, the operation for repeating step a3-a4, load the 4th seepage flow column.
A6, the third seepage flow column filled and the 4th seepage flow column are stood 7~14 days, then locks gland 44 respectively.
A7, removal of impurities is filtered to salt water and fresh water with 0.45um miillpore filter.
Second step measures the height and internal diameter of the first seepage flow column 211 and the second seepage flow column 221, then according to Fig. 1 group
It fills and forms simulator.
Third step, measure the first water feeding tank 21 in salt water and the fresh water in second water feeding tank 22 conductivity,
The ion concentration of temperature, PH and nitrate anion, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, and remember
Record.
4th step opens the valve 91 of first pipe 212, and the first water feeding tank 21 is made to continue to supply into the first seepage flow column 211
Then salt water opens the valve 91 of second pipe 222, makes the second water feeding tank 22 until the first seepage flow column 211 reaches saturation state
Continue into the second seepage flow column 221 for fresh water, until the second seepage flow column 221 reaches saturation state.
5th step supplies water to the water supply portion of pressure water supply device 3.
B1, open valve 91 on exhaust pipe 35 and the 5th outlet conduit 85, pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 and its
His valve 91 is in the state of closing, then pushes pressure-bearing push rod 33 to water supply portion side, until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to
The upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device 3.
B2, valve 91 on the 5th outlet conduit 85 is closed, opens valve 91 in first pipe 212 and for controlling the
Then the valve 91 of one water outlet on-off pulls pressure-bearing push rod 33 to gas supply part side, until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to pressure confession
The lower end surface for water drum of hydrophone 3.
B3, the valve 91 in first pipe 212 and the valve 91 for controlling the first water outlet on-off are closed, opens the 5th
Then valve 91 on outlet conduit 85 pushes pressure-bearing push rod 33 to water supply portion side, until the water outlet of the 5th outlet conduit 85 is
Only.
B4, repeat step b2-b3 operation three times, the valve 91 and exhaust pipe 35 being then shut off on the 5th outlet conduit 85
On valve 91.
Herein, the purpose of step b4 is to guarantee that water supply portion full of water, avoids air from being mixed into.
6th step, constant pressure experimentation.
C1, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 0.15MPa.
C2, the valve 91 for opening air feed bottle 1 open the first sampling pipe 2111, third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51
On valve 91, after the first sampling pipe 2111, third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51 water outlet after, every 6 hours throughputs
Scale on cylinder 92 reads the volume of water seepage, and measure conductivity, temperature, pH value and the nitrate anion of water seepage, sulfate radical,
The ion concentration of chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, and record, until the conductance of water seepage
Rate reaches stable state, is then shut off 1 valve 91 of air feed bottle and the first sampling pipe 2111, third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th
Valve 91 on sampling pipe 51.
Herein, described stable state refers to that the difference for the conductivity that front and back measures twice is less than 10us/cm.
C3, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 0.25MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2.
C4, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 0.35MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2.
C5, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 0.5MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2.
C6, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 1MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2.
C7, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 1.6MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2.
C8, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 2MPa, and repeats the operation of step c2.
Abrupt pressure change in order to prevent, the test soil sample in third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5 are broken through, step c1,
It in c3, c4, c5, when the pressure to pressure reducing valve 61 is adjusted, is adjusted as unit of 0.02MPa, and adjusted every time step by step
Whole interval 1-2 hours.Step c6, in c7, c8, when the pressure to pressure reducing valve 61 is adjusted, as unit of 0.1MPa step by step
It is adjusted, and adjustment interval 1-2 hours every time.
7th step simulates the brackish water displacement salt water process of wet season.
Valve 91 on d1, opening exhaust pipe 35 and the first outlet conduit 81, then pushes pressure-bearing to push away to water supply portion side
Bar 33, until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to the upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device 3.
D2, valve 91 on the first outlet conduit 81 is closed, opens valve 91 in first pipe 212 and for controlling the
Then the valve 91 of one water outlet on-off pulls pressure-bearing push rod 33 to gas supply part side, until the end face for water drum and described the
Mid-scale alignment on one pressure-bearing push rod；The valve 91 that is then shut off in first pipe 212 and for controlling the first water outlet
The valve 91 of on-off opens the valve 91 on second pipe 222 and valve 91 for controlling the second water outlet on-off, continue to
Gas supply part side pulls pressure-bearing push rod 33, until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to the lower end surface for water drum of pressure water supply device 3, that is, supplies water
The end face of cylinder is aligned with the maximum scale on the first pressure-bearing push rod.
D3, the valve 91 on second pipe 222 and the valve 91 for controlling the second water outlet on-off are closed, opens the 5th
Then valve 91 on outlet conduit 85 pushes pressure-bearing push rod 33 to water supply portion side, until the 5th outlet conduit 85 is discharged, so
The valve 91 on the 5th outlet conduit 85 is closed afterwards.
D4, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 1.6MPa, then opens the valve of air feed bottle, and
Valve 91 on third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51.
D5, the valve opened on the 5th outlet conduit are sampled, and measure the conductivity of water sample, temperature, pH value and
The ion concentration of nitrate anion, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, sampling terminate
The valve on the 5th outlet conduit is closed afterwards.
D6, the body that water seepage is read by the scale being placed on the graduated cylinder 92 below third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe
Product, and measure conductivity, temperature, pH value and nitrate anion, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, the sodium ion, calcium of water seepage
The ion concentration of ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, and record.
D7, the operation that step d5-d6 was repeated once every 6 hours, until the conductivity of water seepage reaches stable state,
The valve 91 being then shut off on 1 valve 91 of air feed bottle and third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51.
Herein, described stable state refers to that the difference for the conductivity that front and back measures twice is less than 10us/cm.
Abrupt pressure change in order to prevent, the test soil sample in third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5 is broken through, in step d4,
It when the pressure to pressure reducing valve 61 is adjusted, is adjusted step by step as unit of 0.1MPa, and adjustment interval 1-2 is small every time
When.
8th step simulates the Fresh Water Drive brackish water process of wet season.
Valve 91 on e1, opening exhaust pipe 35 and the 5th outlet conduit 85, then pushes pressure-bearing to push away to water supply portion side
Bar 33 is then shut off on the 5th outlet conduit 85 until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to the upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device 3
Valve 91.
E2, the valve 91 on second pipe 222 and the valve 91 for controlling the second water outlet on-off are opened, then to confession
Gas portion side pulls pressure-bearing push rod 33, until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to the lower end surface for water drum of pressure water supply device 3.
E3, the valve 91 on second pipe 222 and the valve 91 for controlling the second water outlet on-off are closed, opens second
Then valve 91 on outlet conduit 82 pushes pressure-bearing push rod 33 to water supply portion side, until the water outlet of the second outlet conduit 82 is
Only, the valve 91 being then shut off on the second outlet conduit 82.
E4, repeat step e2-e3 operation three times, the valve 91 being then shut off on exhaust pipe 35.
Herein, the purpose of step e4 is to guarantee that water supply portion full of water, avoids air from being mixed into.
E5, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 1.6MPa.
E6, the valve 91 for opening air feed bottle 1 open the second sampling pipe 2211, third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51
On valve 91 read every 6 hours by the scale on graduated cylinder 92 after third sampling pipe 41 and the water outlet of the 4th sampling pipe 51
The volume of water seepage, and measure conductivity, temperature, pH value and the nitrate anion of water seepage, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root,
The ion concentration of sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, and record, until the conductivity of water seepage reaches stable shape
State, the valve being then shut off on 1 valve 91 of air feed bottle and the second sampling pipe 2211, third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51
Door 91.
Herein, described stable state refers to that the difference for the conductivity that front and back measures twice is less than 10us/cm.
Abrupt pressure change in order to prevent, the test soil sample in third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5 is broken through, in step e5,
It when the pressure to pressure reducing valve 61 is adjusted, is adjusted step by step as unit of 0.1MPa, and adjustment interval 1-2 is small every time
When.
9th step simulates the salt water displacement fresh water process in dry season.
Valve 91 on f1, opening exhaust pipe 35 and the second outlet conduit 82, then pushes pressure-bearing to push away to water supply portion side
Bar 33 is then shut off on the second outlet conduit 82 until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to the upper surface for water drum of pressure water supply device 3
Valve 91.
F2, the valve 91 in first pipe 212 and the valve 91 for controlling the first water outlet on-off are opened, then to confession
Gas portion side pulls pressure-bearing push rod 33, until pressure-bearing push-plate 32 is adjacent to the lower end surface for water drum of pressure water supply device 3.
F3, the valve 91 in first pipe 212 and the valve 91 for controlling the first water outlet on-off are closed, opens first
Then valve 91 on outlet conduit 81 pushes pressure-bearing push rod 33 to water supply portion side, until the water outlet of the first outlet conduit 81 is
Only, the valve 91 being then shut off on the first outlet conduit 81.
F4, repeat step f2-f3 operation three times, the valve 91 being then shut off on exhaust pipe 35.
Herein, the purpose of step f4 is to guarantee that water supply portion full of water, avoids air from being mixed into.
F5, the pressure of pressure reducing valve 61 on steam line 6 is adjusted to 1.6MPa.
F6, the valve 91 for opening air feed bottle 1 open the first sampling pipe 2111, third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51
On valve 91 read every 6 hours by the scale on graduated cylinder 92 after third sampling pipe 41 and the water outlet of the 4th sampling pipe 51
The volume of water seepage, and measure conductivity, temperature, pH value and the nitrate anion of water seepage, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root,
The ion concentration of sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, and record, until the conductivity of water seepage reaches stable shape
State, the valve being then shut off on 1 valve 91 of air feed bottle and the first sampling pipe 2111, third sampling pipe 41 and the 4th sampling pipe 51
Door 91.
Herein, described stable state refers to that the difference for the conductivity that front and back measures twice is less than 10us/cm.
Abrupt pressure change in order to prevent, the test soil sample in third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5 is broken through, in step f5,
It when the pressure to pressure reducing valve 61 is adjusted, is adjusted step by step as unit of 0.1MPa, and adjustment interval 1-2 is small every time
When.
Tenth step takes out test soil sample, and tests its coefficient of permeability K of soil sample at this time according to the test of soil test method1The hole and
Gap rate e1, the distribution coefficient K of test soil sample is then measured according to indoor adsorption isotherm experimental methodd。
11st step, analyzes experimental data
G1, the coefficient of permeability K for calculating the test soil sample 47 of different time points in third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5.
By Darcy formula Q=KAJ=KA △ H/L, K=QL/A △ H can be derived,
In formula, Q is water outlet seepage discharge (m3/s)；
K is cohesive soil infiltration coefficient (m/s)
A is flow section area (m2)；
△ H is head difference (m)；
L is that test liquid flows through distance (m)；
G2, starting hydraulic gradient is calculated, discloses ground water movement feature.
1. according to formula J1=△ H/L calculates the practical hydraulic gradient under different pressures, J in formula1For practical hydraulic gradient,
△ H is the pressure value that air feed bottle 1 applies to percolating medium, and L is the height for testing soil sample.
2. calculating third seepage flow column 4 under different pressures according to the flow measured in step c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8
With the flow velocity v of the 4th seepage flow column 5.
According to step 1. and 2. in the numerical value that is calculated, discrete point is drawn in J-v figure, and according to the discrete point-rendering
Linear fit curve, then the reverse extending linear fit curve, intersects it with J axis, the friendship of the linear fit curve and J axis
Point is starting hydraulic gradient J0。
G3, according to the conductivity, temperature and step measured in step c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, d5, d6, d7, e6, f6
The infiltration coefficient that rapid g1 is obtained, draw respectively the infiltration coefficient of third seepage flow column 4 and 5 water seepage of the 4th seepage flow column, conductivity and
The diachronic graph of water temperature.
G4, according to the conductivity and temperature measured in step c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, f6, draw the first seepage flow column
The conductivity of 211 water seepages and the diachronic graph of water temperature.
G5, according to the conductivity and temperature measured in step e6, draw the conductivity and water of 221 water seepage of the second seepage flow column
The diachronic graph of temperature.
Further, in order to keep comparison more intuitive, by the first seepage flow column 211 drawn in step g4 and g5 and the
The conductivity of two seepage flow columns 221 and the duration curve of water temperature are respectively put into the infiltration of third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5
In the diachronic graph of saturating coefficient, conductivity and water temperature.
G6, the nitrate anion according to being measured in step c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, d5, d6, d7, e6, f6, sulfate radical,
The ion concentration of chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion draws third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow respectively
The ion concentration of 5 water seepage of column lasts change curve.
G7, the nitrate anion according to being measured in step c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, f6, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic
The ion concentration of root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, the ion concentration for drawing 211 water seepage of the first seepage flow column last variation song
Line chart.
G8, the nitrate anion according to being measured in step e6, sulfate radical, chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium from
The ion concentration of son, the ion concentration for drawing 221 water seepage of the second seepage flow column last change curve.
Further, in order to keep comparison more intuitive, by the first seepage flow column 211 drawn in step g7 and g8 and the
The ion concentration of two seepage flow columns 221 lasts the ion concentration that change curve is respectively put into third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5
It lasts in change curve.
G9, the nitrate anion according to being measured in step c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, d5, d6, d7, e6, f6, sulfate radical,
The ion concentration of chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion simulates confession by phreeqc simulation softward respectively
The hydrogeochemical process that test solution is occurred at any time when flowing through third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5.
G6, the nitrate anion according to being measured in step c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, d5, d6, d7, e6, f6, sulfate radical,
The ion concentration of chloride ion, heavy carbonic root, sodium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion is analyzed software by Piper trilinear chart and is divided respectively
Analysis obtains the Piper trilinear chart of third seepage flow column 4 and the 4th seepage flow column 5, thus to be parsed into because providing foundation.
G7, the coefficient of permeability K that will be measured in the 11st step1With porosity e1With the coefficient of permeability K measured in step a20With
Porosity e0Qualitative comparison is done, sees the variation of infiltration coefficient and porosity.
G8, the retardation coefficient for calculating clay analyze under high hydraulic pressure clay to the retardance energy of conventional ion component in underground water
Power:
N=e1/(1+e1)
Rd=1+ (1-n) Kd/n
In formula, e1For porosity；
KdFor distribution coefficient, when describing adsorption equilibrium, conventional ion its concentration in the concentration and underground water in clay
Ratio, L/mg；
N is effecive porosity；
RdFor retardation coefficient, medium is characterized to the parameter of solute retarded capability.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system, it is characterised in that: supply water including air feed bottle, first
Case, the first seepage flow column, the second water feeding tank, the second seepage flow column, pressure water supply device, third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow column；
Flour sand is separately filled in the first seepage flow column and the second seepage flow column；
The first seepage flow column is connected by first pipe with the first water feeding tank for filling salt water, under the first seepage flow column
Portion is provided with the first sampling pipe, and the lower end surface of the first seepage flow column is provided with the first water outlet；
The second seepage flow column is connected by second pipe with the second water feeding tank for filling fresh water, under the second seepage flow column
Portion is provided with the second sampling pipe, and the lower end surface of the second seepage flow column is provided with the second water outlet；
The pressure water supply device include for water drum, it is described for being provided with the pressure-bearing push-plate that can slide up and down, and institute in water drum
The inner space for water drum is sequentially divided into water supply portion and gas supply part, and the confession by the pressure-bearing push-plate stated from top to bottom
Gas portion and water supply portion mutually completely cut off, and the lower end surface for water drum is provided with air inlet and exhaust outlet, close on the exhaust outlet
Envelope is connected with exhaust pipe, and the upper surface for water drum is respectively arranged with inlet and outlet, the pressure-bearing push-plate it is upper and lower
Two sides are respectively arranged with pressure-bearing push rod, and the free end of the pressure-bearing push rod is each passed through and described extends to the confession for water drum
The outside of water drum；
Water stone on top, test soil sample and lower part have been sequentially filled in the third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow column from top to bottom
Upper water stone, the test soil sample are clay；
The upper end of the third seepage flow column is provided with third sampling pipe, and the upper end of the 4th seepage flow column is provided with the 4th sampling
The lower end of pipe, the third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow column is respectively arranged with water inlet；
The air inlet of the pressure water supply device is connected by steam line with the gas outlet of the air feed bottle, the pressure water supply device
Water inlet be connected with first water outlet and the second water outlet respectively by water inlet line, the pressure water supply device out
It is connected with primary flow pipe road on the mouth of a river, the first outlet conduit, the second outlet conduit, third are parallel on the primary flow pipe road
Outlet conduit, the 4th outlet conduit and the 5th outlet conduit, first outlet conduit is connected with the first water feeding tank, described
The second outlet conduit be connected with second water feeding tank, the third outlet conduit and the third seepage flow column into
The mouth of a river be connected, the 4th outlet conduit is connected with the water inlet of the 4th seepage flow column, the 5th outlet conduit and
Waste liquid bottle is connected；
The exhaust pipe, first pipe, second pipe, the first sampling pipe, the second sampling pipe, third sampling pipe, the 4th sampling
Valve is respectively arranged on pipe, the first outlet pipe, the second outlet pipe, third outlet pipe, the 4th outlet pipe and the 5th outlet pipe；
The valve of control the first water outlet on-off and the second water outlet on-off is separately provided on the water inlet line；
Pressure reducing valve and pressure gauge are provided on the steam line；
First sampling pipe, the second sampling pipe, third sampling pipe and the 4th sampling pipe lower section be placed with graduated cylinder respectively.
2. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Scale is provided on the pressure-bearing push rod.
3. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The free end of the pressure-bearing push rod is fixedly installed handle.
4. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described includes middle cylinder for water drum, and the both ends of the middle cylinder are respectively arranged with sealing plate, and the sealing plate passes through the
One pull rod and locking nut are pressed on the end face of the middle cylinder.
5. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
It is provided with groove annular in shape on the medial surface of the sealing plate, sealing ring, the middle cylinder are provided in the groove
Upper/lower terminal be inserted into the groove and be pressed on the sealing ring respectively.
6. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The third seepage flow column and the 4th seepage flow rod structure is identical, includes successively from the bottom up pedestal, seepage flow cylinder and gland, and described
Pedestal and gland passes through the second pull rod respectively and locking nut is pressed in the upper and lower both ends of the seepage flow cylinder.
7. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The internal diameter of the seepage flow cylinder is 110mm, and the thickness of water stone is 20mm on water stone and lower part on the top, the test soil sample
With a thickness of 100mm.
8. a kind of simulator for probing into clay retardation in more streaming system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The diameter of the first seepage flow column and the second seepage flow column is 200mm, is highly 1000mm, and first sampling pipe is away from first
The distance of seepage flow column upper end is 900mm, and distance of second sampling pipe away from the second seepage flow column upper end is 900mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111413263A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-14 | 西安理工大学 | Three-axis instrument for jointly measuring unsaturated soil water and gas movement |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111413263A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-14 | 西安理工大学 | Three-axis instrument for jointly measuring unsaturated soil water and gas movement |
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