CN208564440U - A kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit - Google Patents
A kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN208564440U CN208564440U CN201821062575.6U CN201821062575U CN208564440U CN 208564440 U CN208564440 U CN 208564440U CN 201821062575 U CN201821062575 U CN 201821062575U CN 208564440 U CN208564440 U CN 208564440U
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- gear wheel
- cutting structure
- stationary cutting
- drill bit
- bit
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bits, including bit body, stationary cutting structure and at least one gear wheel, gear wheel and stationary cutting structure are arranged on the bit body, gear wheel and bit body pass through rotation connection, the most external tooth or back cone of at least one gear wheel to stationary cutting structure leading flank distance La≤π R/3, distance Lb≤π R/3 of the most external tooth or back cone of at least one gear wheel to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure.The distance of the utility model gear wheel to the front/rear side of stationary cutting structure is small, and the white space between gear wheel and stationary cutting structure is small, and transition is steady between cutting structure, bit operation stability is high, steering capability is good, is conducive to improve drill bit efficiency of breaking rock, extends drilling life of bit.And the wellbore that the utility model drills out is regular, wall quality is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the probings such as petroleum gas, mine engineering, underground heat, building foundation engineering construction, geology, the hydrology to set
Standby technical field more particularly to a kind of composite drill bit.
Background technique
Drill bit is in drilling engineering to fractured rock, the rock crushing tool of formation pit shaft.The cutting structure of drill bit determines to bore
The performance of head, influences the efficiency of breaking rock and service life of drill bit.
PDC drill bit and tricone bit are common drill bits in drilling engineering.PDC drill bit to scrape butt formula fractured rock,
After PDC tooth intrusion rock in the case where the rotation of bit body drives, forming shear action to rock makes catalase.When bit operation shakes
Dynamic big, when poor work stability, the cutting tooth (PDC tooth) of PDC drill bit easily collapses loss effect.PDC drill bit is in directional drilling
Easily the cutting tooth of drill bit is caused to fail, reduces the drilling ability of drill bit, shorten drilling life of bit.Tricone bit is mainly with punching
Hit the mode broken rock of crushing, the disadvantage is that capacity usage ratio is not high, efficiency of breaking rock is lower, and during bit operation, bearing by
The impact arrived is big, and dynamic load factor is big.
Baker Hughes Inc. proposes that a kind of Mixed drilling bit (proposes patent application in the U.S. and other countries, such as
PTC WO2010/132232 etc.), the drill bit is composed of stationary cutting structure and gear wheel cutting structure.Bit drilling
When, the PDC tooth on stationary cutting structure (fixing wing) is to scrape butt formula broken rock；The gear wheel cutting structure and gear wheel of Mixed drilling bit
Drill bit is similar, the tooth on gear wheel mainly by impact crushing in a manner of broken rock.Due to the broken rock working principle of two kinds of cutting structures
Difference, drill bit structure is special, and bit force is complicated when Mixed drilling bit works, and bit operating mode is complicated.The operation is stable of Mixed drilling bit
Property usually influences the service life and performance of drill bit.The complex working condition bring drill bit unstable operation of Mixed drilling bit usually causes
PDC tooth collapses the improper failures such as damage on drill bit, hence it is evident that reduces the rate of penetration and service life of drill bit, and brings well dynamic
The safety problems such as the damage of drilling tool and drill string.In addition, Mixed drilling bit in directed drilling also have good steering capability, but by
Transition between the PDC on drill bit and gear wheel cutting structure and spatially discontinuous, when can bring drill bit directional drilling
It is unstable, the damage of bit cutting structure is made, also influences the frequent variation in bit tool face, is difficult to control, seriously affects brill
The directional properties of head reduce the efficiency and economy of drill bit guide digging.Meanwhile the transition between PDC and gear wheel cutting structure
Discontinuously also affect the stress of gear wheel, there is biggish space between gear wheel and PDC cutting structure, when drill bit fractured rock from
PDC, which is transitioned into gear wheel, makes the loaded mutation of gear wheel, and impact is larger, affects the service life and safety of gear wheel.Especially fixed
To in the drilling on drilling well and heterogeneity stratum, problem is more prominent.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: a kind of stationary cutting structure is provided and gear wheel transition is more continuous, bit operation stability
High stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit solves the bit operation stability difference of the prior art and directional properties is low asks
Topic, improves the job stability, drilling efficiency and service life of drill bit.
The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals:
A kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit, including bit body, stationary cutting structure and at least one gear wheel,
Gear wheel and stationary cutting structure are arranged on the bit body, and gear wheel and bit body pass through rotation connection, at least one gear wheel
Most external tooth or the distance La of leading flank of back cone to stationary cutting structure be less than or equal to π R/3, i.e. La≤π R/3, at least one
The distance Lb of the most external tooth or back cone of a gear wheel to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure is less than or equal to π R/3, i.e. Lb≤π R/3, R is
Drill bit radius.
The leading flank of stationary cutting structure described in this patent, the front side table of stationary cutting structure when referring to bit drilling
Face, i.e. cutting structure with respect to rock move when preceding acting surface (such as Fig. 1,2 stationary cutting structure front side surface 21), with gold
Rake face meaning when belonging to Tool in Cutting metal in cutting is similar.The trailing flank of stationary cutting structure described in this patent refers to solid
Determine the back surfaces of cutting structure, i.e., leading flank the back side (such as Fig. 1,2 stationary cutting structure rear side surface 22).
The most external tooth of gear wheel described in this patent refers to the cutting tooth of (farthest away from bit central) outermost on gear wheel, gear wheel
On cutting tooth be usually arranged on gear wheel in the form of a circle circle, the outermost toothrow of the most external tooth of gear wheel i.e. gear wheel at this time
On circle tooth (such as Fig. 1,2 gear wheel on outermost toothrow circle on tooth 31).The back cone of gear wheel refers to the gear wheel back conical surface (as schemed
The back cone 32 of 2 gear wheels).
When drill bit creeps into work, drive bit come fractured rock by the rotation of drill string under the action of bit pressure.By
It can be generally provided with runner between the cutting structure on the needs of row's landwaste etc., drill bit, in the circumferential the cutting structure of drill bit
And it is discontinuous.Since cutting structure is circumferentially discontinuous, so that drill bit is also easy to produce vibration in the work of shaft bottom broken rock, aggravate the work of drill bit
Make unstability.The job stability of the bigger drill bit of white space between bit cutting structure is poorer, on bit cutting structure
Cutting tooth it is more easy to damage under the unstable operation and vibration of drill bit.Especially in directional drilling, due to drill bit is pushed to/
It is directed toward a direction of the borehole wall, drill bit deviates wellbore center and carries out lateral incision drilling to the transitional region in the borehole wall and shaft bottom and the borehole wall,
When drill bit is from a cutting structural transition to another cutting structure lateral incision borehole wall, the white space between cutting structure makes cutting structure
On cutting tooth generate impact.White space between cutting structure is bigger, and cutting tooth is hit bigger, and cutting tooth is easier
Damage, bit life are shorter.
The composite drill bit being composed of stationary cutting structure and gear wheel cutting structure, the existing stationary cutting structure of broken rock
The scraping of upper cutting tooth, which cuts through rock again, the punching press broken rock of gear wheel, and the joint of two kinds of broken rock modes makes the work mechanics of composite drill bit
It is more complicated with operating condition, it is different from the working characteristics and operating condition of conventional PDC drill bit, also different from the work of common tricone bit
Make characteristic and operating condition.Composite drill bit, which is equivalent on PDC drill bit, introduces gear wheel, and gear wheel has the effect of auxiliary PDC tooth broken rock, but
Also make the operating condition of PDC tooth and drill bit more complicated simultaneously, is transitioned into scraping for PDC tooth from the punching press broken rock of gear wheel and cuts rock break-off process
In, it can usually bring the damage of PDC tooth.Especially in directed drilling, when the drill bit lateral incision borehole wall, there is the punching press lateral incision of gear wheel to turn
Become scraping for PDC tooth and cut lateral incision, unexpected conversion can bring the impact failure of PDC tooth.In directed drilling, the outer shoulder of drill bit and
Gauge damage is one of a kind of common invalidation and weakness of composite drill bit of composite drill bit.
On the other hand, gear wheel is the on-fixed cutting structure that opposite drill body is able to rotate.From scraping for stationary cutting structure
Cut the punching press for being transitioned into gear wheel, the operating condition of gear wheel and load made to change, the distance between gear wheel and stationary cutting structure and
White space (space) is bigger, and load suffered by gear wheel and impact variation are bigger, cutting tooth and gear wheel and bit body on gear wheel
Between rotation connection structure operating condition it is more complicated severe, the service life is also lower.
For the weakness for overcoming composite drill bit, the most external tooth or back cone that this patent proposes gear wheel are to the front side of stationary cutting structure
Distance La≤π R/3 in face, distance Lb≤π R/3, R of most external tooth or back cone to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure of gear wheel are to bore
Head radius.This significantly reduces gear wheel to the distance of its front/rear stationary cutting structure, reduce gear wheel and stationary cutting structure it
Between white space (space).
This patent is compared with the beneficial effect of the prior art:
1, the distance of gear wheel to the front/rear side of stationary cutting structure is small, the blank between gear wheel and stationary cutting structure
Gap is small, makes gear wheel to more stable when stationary cutting structure transition, bit operation stability height, when reduction drill bit broken rock is crept into
Vibration, bit operation is steady, reduces Cutter impact failure.Therefore this patent can extend the service life of drill bit.
2, when drill bit directional drilling, lesser gear wheel and stationary cutting structure distance can improve gear wheel to fixed cutting knot
Cutting (broken rock) transition between structure, reduce cutting structure between transition when impact and cutting mutation, not only contribute to reduce cutting
The damage of tooth, and be conducive to the control in drill bit directional orientation tool face.The distance of transition is smaller between cutting structure, bit operation torque
Fluctuate smaller, tool-face is more easy to control, and drill bit steering capability is better.Therefore, this patent can significantly improve the directional properties of drill bit
And orientation service life.
3, the distance of gear wheel to the front/rear side of stationary cutting structure is small, the transition between gear wheel and stationary cutting structure
Spacing is small, and the broken rock transition between bit cutting structure is steady, is conducive to the loaded and impact for weakening gear wheel tooth and bearing, can be bright
The service life of the aobvious service life for improving bit cone and drill bit.
4, the distance of gear wheel to the front/rear side of stationary cutting structure is small, can improve bit operation stability, and drill bit drills out
Wellbore it is more regular, wall quality is good, can significantly improve drilling safety, and can provide for constructions such as subsequent well logging, well cementation
Good condition.
Alternatively, fixed cutting tooth is provided on the stationary cutting structure, the fixed cutting tooth can be plycrystalline diamond
Diamond compact, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, impregnated diamond tooth (or block), cubic boron, ceramic tooth, hard alloy
One of composite teeth that tooth or polycrystalline diamond are combined with impregnated diamond phase etc. is a variety of.
Alternatively, the distance La of leading flank of the most external tooth of the gear wheel or back cone to stationary cutting structure is less than or equal to
π R/4, i.e. La≤π R/4.As further selection, the leading flank of the most external tooth or back cone of the gear wheel to stationary cutting structure
Distance La be less than or equal to π R/5(, that is, La≤π R/5), be less than or equal to π R/6(, that is, La≤π R/6).
Preferably, the distance Lb of most external tooth or back cone to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure of the gear wheel is less than or equal to
π R/4, i.e. Lb≤π R/4.As further preferred, the most external tooth or back cone of the gear wheel to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure
Distance Lb be less than or equal to π R/5(, that is, Lb≤π R/5), be less than or equal to π R/6(, that is, Lb≤π R/6).Bit exterior is circumferential to cut
It is big compared with the cutting structure of the inside to the stability influence of drill bit to cut interstructural continuity, cutting of the drill bit by external region
Structural transition is closer, and the mistake between bit cutting structure is getted over smoothly, and bit operation stability is better, and directional properties are better, makes
It is also higher with the service life.
Alternatively, the leading flank to gear wheel most external tooth or back cone distance be less than or equal to π R/3, π R/4, π R/5 or
The cutting profile of the stationary cutting structure of π R/6 does not extend to bit central.The more complex spaces compact of the structure of composite drill bit bores
Head center portion space is small, and bit hydraulic structure setting is difficult, and the cutting profile close to the stationary cutting structure of gear wheel is not extend to brill
Head center can provide sufficient water hole and hydraulic structure installation space for the inner region of drill bit.Be conducive to bit cutting structure
Setting and balance optimizing with water conservancy structure.
Alternatively, the profile does not extend to the cutting profile of the stationary cutting structure of bit central in drill bit radius
Except region in.The cutting profile of stationary cutting structure can vacate sky in the relatively outer region of drill bit radius for drill bit center portion
Between, convenient for the design and optimization of water hole, nozzle and waterpower.As further selection, the profile does not extend to bit central
The cutting profile of stationary cutting structure is in the region except drill bit radius；In the region except drill bit radius；?
In region except the 80% of drill bit radius.
Alternatively, water hole is provided between gear wheel and stationary cutting structure.As further selection, gear wheel is cut with fixation
It cuts and is provided with water hole between the leading flank of structure, be provided with water hole between gear wheel and the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure.Gear wheel with
Water hole is set between stationary cutting structure, is conducive to the migration and cleaning of the landwaste generated on gear wheel and stationary cutting structure, with
And the cooling of cutting structure.
Alternatively, nozzle is provided in water hole.It is selected as further, settable fixed nozzle on water hole.As another
One selects, and the nozzle in water hole is removable nozzle (flap nozzle).
Alternatively, the outer rows of teeth of gear wheel or back cone participate in gauge.The cone outer row tooth or back cone of composite drill bit participate in protecting
Diameter, drill bit rule diameter in the circumferential and gauge anchor point are more, the shock and vibration between bit cutting structure when broken rock transition
Smaller, bit operation stability is better, and directional properties are better, and service life is also longer.
The foregoing main solution of the present invention and further alternatives thereof can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, be this
Invention can be used and claimed scheme；And it is of the invention, between (each non conflicting selection) selection and between other selections
It can also be freely combined.Those skilled in the art, which can be illustrated after understanding the present invention program according to the prior art and common knowledge, to be had
Multiple combinations are the claimed technical solution of the present invention, do not do exhaustion herein.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram when drill bit of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 is overlooked.Overlook is along drill axis from brill
Head cutting structure is seen to drill bit rear end.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the general view of drill bit of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2.
Specific embodiment
Following non-limiting examples are for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
With reference to shown in Fig. 1,2, a kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit, including bit body 1, stationary cutting structure 2
With at least one gear wheel 3, gear wheel 3 and stationary cutting structure 2 are arranged on bit body 1, and gear wheel 3 and bit body 1 are connected by rotation
It connects, the most external tooth (or outermost toothrow circle) 31 or back cone 32 of at least one gear wheel arrive the leading flank 21 of stationary cutting structure 2
Distance La is less than or equal to π R/3, i.e. La≤π R/3, the most external tooth (or outermost toothrow circle) 31 or back cone 32 of at least one gear wheel
Distance Lb to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure 2 22 is less than or equal to π R/3, i.e. Lb≤π R/3, R are drill bit radius.As into one
Step selection, the distance La that the most external tooth 31 or back cone 32 of gear wheel 3 arrive the leading flank 21 of stationary cutting structure 2 are less than or equal to π R/4
(La≤π R/4), be less than or equal to π R/5(La≤π R/5), be less than or equal to π R/6(La≤π R/6).
Preferably, the distance Lb of most external tooth 31 or back cone 32 to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure 2 22 of gear wheel 3 is less than
Equal to π R/4(Lb≤π R/4), be less than or equal to π R/5(Lb≤π R/5), be less than or equal to π R/6(Lb≤π R/6).
Alternatively, fixed cutting tooth is provided on the stationary cutting structure 2, the fixed cutting tooth can be plycrystalline diamond
Diamond compact, polycrystal diamond composite teeth, impregnated diamond tooth (or block), cubic boron, ceramic tooth, hard alloy
One of composite teeth that tooth or polycrystalline diamond are combined with impregnated diamond phase etc. is a variety of.
Alternatively, the leading flank 21 is less than to the most external tooth (or outermost toothrow circle) 31 of gear wheel or the distance of back cone 32
The cutting profile of stationary cutting structure 2 equal to π R/3, π R/4, π R/5 or π R/6 does not extend to bit central.
Alternatively, the profile does not extend to the cutting profile of the stationary cutting structure of bit central in drill bit radius
Except region in.As further selection, the profile does not extend to the cutting profile of the stationary cutting structure of bit central
Region in the region except drill bit radius, in the region except drill bit radius, except the 80% of drill bit radius
It is interior.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and with reference to Fig. 2, difference is: between gear wheel 3 and stationary cutting structure 2
It is provided with water hole 4.Alternatively, it is provided with water hole between gear wheel 3 and the leading flank 21 of stationary cutting structure 2, or (and) gear wheel 3
Water hole is provided between the trailing flank 22 of stationary cutting structure 2.Water hole 4 is set between gear wheel 3 and stationary cutting structure 2, is had
Conducive to the migration and cleaning and the cooling of cutting structure of the landwaste generated on gear wheel 3 and stationary cutting structure 2.Alternatively,
4 are provided with nozzle in water hole.It is selected as further, settable fixed nozzle on water hole 4.Alternately, 4 in water hole
Nozzle is removable nozzle (flap nozzle).
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is: the outer rows of teeth 31 or back cone 32 of gear wheel 3 participate in gauge.
The cone outer row tooth 31 or back cone 32 of composite drill bit participate in gauge, and drill bit rule diameter in the circumferential and gauge anchor point are more, bore
Shock and vibration between head cutting structure when broken rock transition are smaller, and bit operation stability is better, and directional properties are better, use
Service life is also longer.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit, including bit body, stationary cutting structure and at least one gear wheel, institute
It states gear wheel and the stationary cutting structure is arranged on the bit body, the gear wheel and the bit body pass through rotation connection,
It is characterized by: the distance La of leading flank of the most external tooth or back cone of at least one gear wheel to stationary cutting structure is less than or equal to
The distance Lb of π R/3, i.e. La≤π R/3, most external tooth or back cone to the trailing flank of stationary cutting structure of at least one gear wheel are small
In being equal to π R/3, i.e. Lb≤π R/3, R are drill bit radius.
2. stationary cutting structure according to claim 1-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the gear wheel it is outermost
The distance La of leading flank of tooth or back cone to stationary cutting structure is less than or equal to π R/4, i.e. La≤π R/4.
3. stationary cutting structure according to claim 1-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the gear wheel it is outermost
The distance La of leading flank of tooth or back cone to stationary cutting structure is less than or equal to π R/5, i.e. La≤π R/5.
4. stationary cutting structure according to claim 1,2 or 3-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the leading flank
The cutting profile for the stationary cutting structure that the distance of most external tooth or back cone to gear wheel is less than or equal to π R/3, π R/4 or π R/5 does not prolong
Extend to bit central.
5. stationary cutting structure according to claim 4-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the profile does not extend
To bit central stationary cutting structure cutting profile in the region except the 1/3 of drill bit radius.
6. stationary cutting structure according to claim 5-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the profile does not extend
To bit central stationary cutting structure cutting profile in the region except the 1/2 of drill bit radius.
7. stationary cutting structure according to claim 6-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the profile does not extend
To bit central stationary cutting structure cutting profile in the region except the 2/3 of drill bit radius.
8. stationary cutting structure according to claim 7-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the profile does not extend
To bit central stationary cutting structure cutting profile in the region except the 80% of drill bit radius.
9. stationary cutting structure according to claim 1-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: gear wheel and fixed cutting
Water hole is provided between structure.
10. stationary cutting structure according to claim 1-gear wheel composite drill bit, it is characterised in that: the outer rows of teeth of gear wheel or
Back cone participates in gauge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821062575.6U CN208564440U (en) | 2018-07-05 | 2018-07-05 | A kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821062575.6U CN208564440U (en) | 2018-07-05 | 2018-07-05 | A kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN208564440U true CN208564440U (en) | 2019-03-01 |
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| CN201821062575.6U Active CN208564440U (en) | 2018-07-05 | 2018-07-05 | A kind of stationary cutting structure-gear wheel composite drill bit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020007343A1 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-09 | 成都海锐能源科技有限公司 | Fixed cutting structure-composite cone drill bit |
-
2018
- 2018-07-05 CN CN201821062575.6U patent/CN208564440U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020007343A1 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-09 | 成都海锐能源科技有限公司 | Fixed cutting structure-composite cone drill bit |
| CN110685606A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-14 | 成都海锐能源科技有限公司 | Fixed cutting structure-roller composite drill bit |
| CN110685606B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-11-26 | 成都海锐能源科技有限公司 | Fixed cutting structure-roller composite drill bit |
| US11486201B2 (en) | 2018-07-05 | 2022-11-01 | Chengdu Hairui Energy Technology Co., Ltd | Fixed cutting structure-composite cone drill bit |
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Effective date of registration: 20230404 Address after: No. 1608, 16th Floor, Building 2, No. 366 Xinsheng Road, Xindu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610500 Patentee after: Chengdu Yanshi Innovation Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM University Address before: 610500 Tuoyuan Road, industrial East District, Xindu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: CHENGDU HAIRUI ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM University |