CN208001527U - A kind of cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of cutter guiding mechanisms, including holder, drawing mechanism, guiding mechanism and connecting rod.Drawing mechanism include axle portion, casing, the first draw sword, second draw sword.Guiding mechanism include positioning seat, swing arm, at least two spring lever.The positioning seat is rack-mount, and through an articulated shaft on the positioning seat, spring lever is fixed on the lower section of swing arm for swing arm.The first spherical hinge of middle part of connecting rod is rack-mount, and the second spherical hinge of one end of connecting rod is connected to casing, and one end of connecting rod is connected to the upper end of swing arm through third spherical hinge.Trend of the guiding mechanism along beet ridge moves, and when beet ridge shifts, spring lever drives swing arm rotation.Connecting rod drives drawing mechanism movement, so as to adjust the position drawn sword is acted.Guiding mechanism is rack-mount through thrust spring, which can move up and down with relief height, and drawing mechanism is guided to rotate.The invention also discloses a kind of beet harvesters.

Description

A kind of cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvester

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvesters, belong to agriculture harvesting apparatus.

Background technology

201620205730 .X disclose a kind of beet harvester, the automatic system of go the rounds of configuration.The cropper is in beet Match respectively at both sides position on cropper support assembly front end, positioned at hitch frame with beet harvester support assembly hinge point Dress automatic go the rounds device assembly and bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder.Automatic device assembly of go the rounds accurately tracks beet dish root position, by the sweet tea of acquisition Dish dish root position signal, which timely feedbacks, gives hydraulic control drive system, is realized to bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder by hydraulic control drive system It is flexible, so that beet harvester support assembly is moved in parallel in the horizontal direction.This automatic system of go the rounds is electronic type to row Device, the case do not disclose its concrete structure and working method.

《Beet harvester based on ADAMS automatically emulates row detection agency》《Towed sugar beet combine is automatic To row system development》（Nanjing Agriculturing Mechanization Inst., Ministry of Agriculture, Wang Shenying, Wu Huichang etc.）It discloses to row guiding mechanism Simulation architecture.When equipment operation, the left and right offset of beet root, drives hanging rod, sensor branch on left and right detection bar perception ridge Plate and the rotation of sensor connecting shaft, angular transducer, angle are transferred to will detect the left and right displacement of bar and be converted to angle change Angle variable quantity is converted into digital pulse signal and is transmitted to controller control fluid-link steering executing agency by sensor, is realized automatic To row.

《Beet harvester is automatically to row hydraulic pressure correction Execution System Design and experiment》（Ministry of Agriculture's Nanjing agriculture mechanization is ground Study carefully institute, Wang Shenying etc.）Devise the structure for execution system of rectifying a deviation automatically to row hydraulic pressure.In operation process, when offset signal detects System detectio to beet root Departure displacement and after communicating information to controller, controller judgement sends out control signal to liquid Pressure correction execution system, front steering mechanism drive vehicle frame to do and swing accordingly, and rear-axle steering mechanism drives trailing wheel deflection, matches Close the correction of front steering mechanism.It is good that electronics sets controllability to luggage, the disadvantage is that it is not intuitive enough, it is unpredictable to there is error.

Invention content

The present invention proposes a kind of mechanical cutter guiding mechanism, and drawing mechanism changes vertical according to the guiding of guiding mechanism To position, ensures to draw sword and cut in the soil of beet both sides.The present invention should propose a kind of beet with the cutter guiding mechanism Cropper.

The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：

A kind of cutter guiding mechanism, including holder, drawing mechanism, guiding mechanism and connecting rod, the drawing mechanism include Axle portion, casing, the first are drawn sword, second draw sword, on the bracket, described sleeve pipe is sleeved on the axle portion for axle portion installation Outside, the first, which draws sword to draw sword with second, is installed in the lower section of described sleeve pipe, the guiding mechanism include positioning Seat, swing arm, at least two spring lever, the positioning seat install on the bracket, the swing arm is through an articulated shaft in the positioning On seat, the spring lever is fixed on the lower section of the swing arm, and one first spherical hinge of middle part of the connecting rod is mounted on the branch On frame, one second spherical hinge of one end of the connecting rod is connected to described sleeve pipe, the one third spherical hinge of one end of the connecting rod It is connected to the upper end of the swing arm.

In the cutter guiding mechanism of the present invention, first spherical hinge is D1, institute at a distance from second spherical hinge It is D2 at a distance from the third spherical hinge to state the first spherical hinge, and the third spherical hinge is D3 at a distance from the articulated shaft, The third spherical hinge is D4, D1 at a distance from the spring lever end：D2 =D4： D3.

In the cutter guiding mechanism of the present invention, the spring lever has a torsional part and guide portion, and the guide portion is to pendulum The middle part of arm is close.

In the cutter guiding mechanism of the present invention, which draws sword in an acute angle with second group of drawing sword.

In the cutter guiding mechanism of the present invention, the holder includes a swing span, which connects through two support chips It is connected to the positioning seat, which there is a positioning region, the positioning seat there is a guide post, the guide post to pass through the positioning Portion, a thrust spring are sleeved on the outside of the guide post, and one end of the thrust spring is withstood on the guide post, and the other end withstands on described fixed In the portion of position.

In the cutter guiding mechanism of the present invention, the positioning seat is equipped at least two infrared remote receiver, the pendulum Arm is equipped at least one infrared transmitter.

A kind of beet harvester, including the cutter guiding mechanism, it is characterised in that further include holder, collecting mechanism, Cleaning mechanism tracks down and recovers mechanism, preceding threshing machine structure, impurity-removing mechanism, feeler mechanism, drawing mechanism and guiding mechanism.

This cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvester for implementing the present invention, have the advantages that：Guiding mechanism edge Movement is moved towards on beet ridge, and when beet ridge shifts, spring lever drives swing arm rotation.Connecting rod drives drawing mechanism movement, So as to adjust the position drawn sword.Guiding mechanism is rack-mount through thrust spring, which can be with surface relief height Degree moves up and down, and drawing mechanism is guided to rotate.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the beet harvester of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the other direction schematic diagram of Fig. 1, and collecting mechanism is omitted in figure；

Fig. 3 is the partial view of Fig. 1, main presentation cleaning mechanism and tracks down and recovers mechanism；

Fig. 4 is another partial view of Fig. 3, and main presentation tracks down and recovers the installation site of mechanism；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the other direction of Fig. 2, and holder is omitted in figure；

Fig. 6 is the partial view of Fig. 5；

Fig. 7 is the partial view of Fig. 2, and main presentation tracks down and recovers the detailed knot of mechanism, feeler mechanism, drawing mechanism etc. in figure Structure；

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the drawing mechanism of Fig. 7；

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the feeler mechanism of Fig. 7；

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism of Fig. 7；

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the preceding threshing machine structure of Fig. 7；

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the other direction of Figure 11；

Figure 13 is the use state reference chart of the cutter guiding mechanism of the present invention；

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the other direction of Figure 13；

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of Figure 13；

Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the collecting mechanism of Fig. 1；

Figure 17 is the sectional view of Figure 16.

Specific implementation mode

Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation describes.

In the prior art,《The beet combined-type excavation device that automatic traveling is oriented to》（Middle machine U.S. promise science and technology share is limited Company, Li Jiandong etc.）.The device, according to the offset in the plantation of uniline beet and production process, is passed through using bilateral copying spring Spring pressure, adjust automatically digging wheel position ensure that a certain range of beet of offset smoothly excavates.This offset certainly Excavating gear harvesting loss rate reduces by 3.56 percentage points, and leakage digging rate reduces by 3.08 percentage points, and operating efficiency improves 15%. 201620205730 .X disclose a kind of beet harvester, the automatic system of go the rounds of configuration.The cropper is in beet harvester machine It is equipped at both sides position on frame assembly front end, positioned at hitch frame with beet harvester support assembly hinge point and patrols automatically respectively Row device assembly and bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder.Automatic device assembly of go the rounds accurately tracks beet dish root position, by the beet dish root position of acquisition Confidence number, which timely feedbacks, gives hydraulic control drive system, is stretched to bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder by the realization of hydraulic control drive system, Beet harvester support assembly is set to move in parallel in the horizontal direction.This automatic system of go the rounds is that electronic type sets luggage, should Case does not disclose its concrete structure and working method.Prior art discloses some electronics to be set to luggage.《Sweet tea based on ADAMS Dish cropper automatically emulates row detection agency》《Towed sugar beet combine is automatically to row system development》（Ministry of Agriculture south Capital mechanization of agriculture research institute, Wang Shenying, Wu Huichang etc.）Disclose the simulation architecture to row guiding mechanism.When equipment operation, The left and right offset of beet root, drives hanging rod, sensor support plate and the rotation of sensor connecting shaft on left and right detection bar perception ridge, It is transferred to angular transducer so that the left and right displacement of bar will be detected and be converted to angle change, angular transducer turns angle variable quantity It changes digital pulse signal into and is transmitted to controller control fluid-link steering executing agency, realize automatically to row.《Beet harvester is automatic To row hydraulic pressure correction Execution System Design and experiment》（Nanjing Agriculturing Mechanization Inst., Ministry of Agriculture, Wang Shenying etc.）It devises certainly The structure of dynamic execution system of rectifying a deviation to row hydraulic pressure.In operation process, when offset signal detecting system detects the inclined of beet root It offs normal after moving and communicating information to controller, controller judgement sends out control signal and gives hydraulic pressure correction execution system, front steering Mechanism drives vehicle frame to do and swings accordingly, and rear-axle steering mechanism drives trailing wheel deflection, the correction of cooperation front steering mechanism.Electronics It is good that controllability set to luggage, the disadvantage is that it is not intuitive enough, it is unpredictable to there is error.

In the present embodiment, guiding mechanism 300, drawing mechanism 400 and connecting rod 450 form mechanical cutter Guiding machine Structure.One first spherical hinge 451 of middle part of connecting rod 450 is mounted on holder 110, one second spherical hinge of one end of connecting rod 450 452 are connected to casing 420, and the one third spherical hinge 453 of one end of connecting rod 450 is connected to the upper end of swing arm 320.Alley and beet When 900 generation position offset, swing arm 320 drives casing 420 to move with spring pivotal under the effect of connecting rod 450, so as to adjust rising The position drawn sword.Certainly since 320 rotation amplitude of swing arm is limited, which is not suitable for changing for finely tuning landform transverse direction tendency Ridge operates.With reference to attached drawing, swing arm 320, connecting rod 450 and casing 420 form multi-connecting-rod mechanism.Swing arm 320 and fixed component structure At rotation, a prismatic pair（Higher pair ph）, connecting rod 450 and fixed component constitute a ball pair（Low secondary pl）, casing 420 with it is fixed Component constitutes rotation, a prismatic pair（Higher pair ph）, connecting rod 450 and casing 420 and swing arm 320 respectively constitute a ball pair（It is low Secondary pl）.Degree of freedom=3n- of entire multi-bar linkage（2pl+ph）=9-（2×3+2）=1.Entire link mechanism has determining shifting Dynamic direction, swing arm 320 can be transferred to cutter with the inclination of beet 900 and generate unique movement（It is rotated with band part）, to change Become and excavates position.First spherical hinge 451 is D1, the first spherical hinge 451 and third spherical hinge at a distance from the second spherical hinge 452 453 distance is D2, and third spherical hinge 453 is D3 at a distance from articulated shaft, and third spherical hinge is at a distance from 330 end of spring lever For D4.To ensure that offset is consistent, D1：D2 =D4： D3.

The cropper of the present invention as shown in the figure, mainly by body 100, holder 110, preceding threshing machine structure 200, guiding mechanism 300, feeler mechanism 120, drawing mechanism 400, impurity-removing mechanism 500, track down and recover mechanism 600, cleaning mechanism 700 and collecting mechanism 800 compositions.On position arrangement, preceding threshing machine structure 200, guiding mechanism 300, feeler mechanism 120, impurity-removing mechanism 500, pulling and lifting machine Structure 400 is tracked down and recovered mechanism 600, cleaning mechanism 700 and collecting mechanism 800 and is installed successively, preceding to beat to keep working region coaxial The position deviation of the mounting rod of leaf mechanism 200 and guiding mechanism 300.Preceding threshing machine structure 200 cuts off excessively high 900 cauline leaf of beet. Guiding mechanism 300 is moved along the direction of single ridge arable land cauline leaf low with part.120 ground proximity of feeler mechanism, cutting stem knife can cut Except 900 top blue or green head of beet.Impurity-removing mechanism 500 is mainly used for cut-off 900 blue or green head of 900 leaf of beet and beet of cleaning, ensures 900 impurity of beet tracked down and recovered is reduced.Drawing mechanism 400 cuts 900 stem tuber both sides of beet, and beet 900 is released.Drawing mechanism 400 receive guiding mechanism 300 guiding laterally adjusts position, avoid due to single ridge and 900 growing way of beet it is inconsistent cause leak cut.It rises It obtains mechanism 600 and the beet 900 of extraction is introduced into cleaning mechanism 700, the beet 900 through cleaning mechanism 700 is stored in collecting mechanism 800 In.

Body 100 is main support part, and body 100 is under the traction of the equipment such as tractor in the outer sidesway on beet ridge It is dynamic.The body 100 is by including wheel 130, frame section 140, control unit 150 and tractive unit 160.Wheel 130 is mounted on the frame The lower section in portion 140, control unit 150 are mounted on the top of the frame section 140, and tractive unit 160 is connected to the front of frame section 140. Tractive unit 160 has a bearing 161, for supporting body 100 in shutdown or maintenance.Frame section 140 has a cylinder 141, The output shaft of the cylinder 141 is hinged on tractive unit 160, which is used to adjust the traction angle of tractive unit 160.Cleaning Mechanism 700 is made of the vertical cleaning portion that horizontal cleaning portion is connected with each other, and horizontal cleaning portion is fixed on the lower section of frame section 140, Vertical cleaning portion is fixed on the top of frame section 140.The cleaning mechanism 700 is fixed on the rear of frame.Control unit 150 is babinet Structure comprising the pressure control component and valve member of cylinder, and connect with each cylinder by multiple medium loops.

The general position that beet is determined by the way of being directed at alley, precision are relatively low.It is excessively high the present invention is directed to cut beet Cauline leaf keeps root cauline leaf smooth, so that guiding mechanism is to being just oriented to.In 201120275826.0 beet harvester, It is made seedling device, makes seedling device afterwards, round elevator, tilts elevator before including at least.Seedling device is made before it to be only used as to beat seedling.It is preceding to beat seedling Device is arranged in the front for cutting native disk, with digger blade correspondence.Round elevator is vertically mounted on the rear end of rack, the circle The bottom inlet of elevator connects with the end outlet of transfer separation device.The cropper makes seedling device and beats seedling afterwards before being configured with Device, so as to quick separating cauline leaf.Round elevator can assist cleaning cauline leaf while transporting beet.The case it is preceding beat seedling device and The structure of elevator can be used as the reference of the application.

The holder 110 of the present invention includes a swing span 111, and guiding mechanism 300 is mounted on the swing span 111.As schemed Show, swing span 111 can with and can only be flipped up, to adapt to the variation of alley height.Guiding mechanism 300 includes positioning seat 310, the spring lever 330 of swing arm 320, at least two.The positioning seat 310 is mounted on holder 110.Specifically, swing span 111 It is connected to positioning seat 310 through two support chips 311.Swing span 111, support chip 311 and positioning seat 310 form four bar machine of plane Structure ensures that positioning seat 310 is vertically moved up or down.There is the swing span 111 positioning region 112, positioning seat 310 to have a guide post 312, should Guide post 312 passes through positioning region 112.Thrust spring 313 is sleeved on the outside of the guide post 312, and one end of the thrust spring 313, which is withstood on, leads On column, the other end is withstood on positioning region 112.Thrust spring 313 can also play the role of profiling, keep guiding mechanism 300 and alley It comes into full contact with.In the present embodiment, the middle part gap of positioning region 112 is more than the width of guide post 312, is stopped to 312 side-sway of guide post Space.Through an articulated shaft on the positioning seat 310, spring lever 330 is fixed on the lower section of swing arm 320 for swing arm 320.Spring lever 330 With a torsional part 331 and guide portion 332, the guide portion 332 is close to the middle part of swing arm 320.Guiding mechanism 300 is along beet ridge Move towards movement, when beet ridge shifts, spring lever 330 drive swing arm 320 rotate.Positioning seat 310 is equipped at least two A infrared remote receiver 314, swing arm 320 are equipped at least one infrared transmitter 321.RF transceivers can monitor swing arm 320 Maximum offset.

《Sugar beet harvester cauline leaf cutting technology》（Crops research institute of Heilongjiang University, Lu Bingfu etc.）Disclose master The structure for the cauline leaf cutting apparatus beet crown cleaning member wanted.Author thinks the working effect of beet harvester, in very great Cheng The cutting quality that root head is depended on degree, it is critically important ask to improve the course of work of residual cauline leaf and petiole on removing root head Topic.But rational solution is not proposed.201710117605.2 disclosing a kind of cropper.It include frame-type rack, Eccentric wheel, land wheel, digger blade, three sweep tassel device, active double chain wheel, driven sprocket, two chain stretching devices.Three are swept tassel device Shaft connect respectively with the shaft of the shaft of active double chain wheel and two driven sprockets, and three are swept tassel device and are located at sprocket wheel babinet Below；Two land wheels are respectively provided at the both sides of rack front beam.With reference to described in 0025 section of its specification, this is swept tassel device and is intended to substitute Feeler mechanism and cauline leaf cutting mechanism.But in terms of its structure, the process for sweeping tassel is only similar with leaf process is beaten, and can not substitute cutter Structure.

The preceding threshing machine structure 200 of the present invention includes the first strut 210, the second strut 220, cylinder 230, motor 240, turntable 250, cutter shaft 260, multiple leaves striking rods 270, cutter 280.First strut 210 is rack-mount, one end hinge of the second strut 220 It is connected on the first strut 210, the other end is fixed on motor 240, and cylinder 230 is mounted on the first strut 210, the cylinder 230 output shaft is hinged to the second strut 220.Cylinder 230 can drive workpiece to rotate, and adjustment beats leaf and cuts the height of stem. Motor 240 drives turntable 250 and cutter shaft 260, the turntable 250 and cutter shaft 260 to be mutually perpendicular to, and multiple leaves striking rods 270, which are mounted on, to be turned On disk 250, cutter 280 is mounted on cutter shaft 260, which is located at the front of leaves striking rod 270.Cutter 280 is approximately perpendicular to The direction of growth of beet cauline leaf.Preceding impeller structure of beating carries cauline leaf cutter 280, will can be partly higher by before workpiece enters estimated Height cauline leaf is cut off.Leaves striking rod 270 breaks up the cauline leaf after cut-out, and cauline leaf is avoided to be involved in workpiece.The outside of motor 240 Equipped with a guide rod 241.241 bootable eminence cauline leaf of guide rod cuts cauline leaf along outer lateral bend, convenient for 280 sharp keen place of cutter. In the present embodiment, turntable 250 is made of the first disk 251 and the second disk 252.First disk 251 has multiple first Positioning column 253, leaves striking rod 270 are installed in rotation on positioning column.Second disk 252 is mounted on the first disk 251, and second There are disk 252 multiple second positioning columns 254, second positioning column 254 to be located at the both sides of leaves striking rod 270.Rotate the second disk 252, the prolonging direction of leaves striking rod 270 changes, and is conducive to the effective length for changing leaves striking rod 270, while avoiding replacing and beat Leaf bar 270.

《The design of beet topping machine is ground with experiment》（Machinery Equipment Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Land-Reclaimable Sciences, how to build etc.）It devises It is a kind of to integrate the beet topping machine cut tassel, profiling, cut top.It is mainly by trifilar suspension frame, gearbox, mainframe, centre The compositions such as axis, profiling rack, hydraulic spring grease cup damper, sawtooth profiling roller, ground-contour-following device.Designer thinks spring pre-tightening Power is extremely notable to the influence for cutting top qualification rate, cutting rate less and cutting rate more.The case does not solve vertical during telescopic spring The problem of guiding.

The present invention feeler mechanism 120 include casing 121, telescopic rod 122, connecting rod 123, elastic rod 124, bearing 125 with And topper cutter 126.Casing 121 is mounted on holder 110, in the upper end plug-in-sleeve 121 of telescopic rod 122.Telescopic rod 122 uses The components such as screw are mounted in casing 121, and can adjust height as needed.The lower end of the telescopic rod 122 is hinged to connecting rod 123, which is connected to bearing 125.122, one groups of connecting rods 123 of telescopic rod and bearing 125 form four-bar mechanism, keep Bearing vertically moves.Topper cutter 126 is fixed on the bottom of the bearing, for cutting off 900 blue or green head of beet.The bottom of bearing 125 has There are gauge finder 127, the bootable workpiece of flexure plane of gauge finder 127 to be moved close to alley.The side of bearing 125 is equipped with and scrapes grass Plate 128, grass scraping plate 128 are lattice-shaped structure, for clearing up sundries, are ensured smooth around beet 900.The side wall of casing 121 has There are an extension 129, the upper end of elastic rod 124 to be fixed on extension 129, lower end is connected to bearing 125.In the present invention, Elastic rod 124 is, for example, high-performance spring.One end is hinged on bearing 125, and multiple positions at middle part are selectable to be fixed on Extension 129.When changing, feeler mechanism 120 lifts or falls under the effect of elastic rod 124 alley height, keep with Ground contacts.

Drawing mechanism 400 includes that axle portion 410, casing 420, the first draw sword 430, second and draw sword 440.Axle portion 410 is pacified On holder 110, casing 420 is sleeved on the outside of axle portion 410, the first draw sword 430 and second draw sword and 440 be installed in set The lower section of pipe 420.Act the handle of a knife with shape is extended of drawing sword.The first draw sword 430 with second draw sword 440 mutually it is at an acute angle, with profit In extraction 900 rhizome of beet.In addition, eccentric stiffener driving also can be used in drawing mechanism 400, reaches in periodically and dig, pull up Operation, prior art has disclosed its detailed construction, the present invention does not repeat.

《Beet harvest technology and the research for digging loose position》（Qingdao Agricultural University's Electrical and Mechanical Engineering College, Wang Fangyan etc.）Think It is 200mm when digging loose depth, when digging pine distance is 40mm, the pulling force of beet is minimum.Agricultural machinery can be realized in product design accordingly With merging for agronomy, suitable excavation mode and position are determined.Cutter should be kept appropriate at a distance from beet both sides, to reduce Pull out force.201120407123.9 disclosing a kind of beet pullout machine.It includes the connector sleeve being placed in connecting shaft that it, which acts group of drawing sword, even Spindle is fixed on fore-stock.The both ends of connector sleeve are fixedly installed the first respectively draws sword and draws sword with second, and the first pulls out Knife and second draw sword to be arranged in splayed.The case also discloses offset adjustment mechanism, is used for when beet production deviates, The position for group of drawing sword can have been adjusted in time.But the adjustment of the offsetting mechanism relies on manual operation.《Disk digging type beet is combined Cropper designs and experiment》（Engineering college of China Agricultural University, Wang Fangyan etc.）Devise a kind of combined harvester.The owner will be by Transmission system sets luggage, the compositions such as excavating gear, transfer separation device, hoisting equipment.It sets luggage and throws device Structure can be used as the reference of the application.

《Research based on segmented beet harvester》（China Academy of Agriculture Mechanization, Sun Zhihong etc.）It discloses Segmented harvests the meaning of beet.Cropper is divided into dozen leaf and cuts top machine, beet digger, pick-up loader.For " falling Beet tops between ridge can influence the work of next step beet digger so that collected beet root impurity content increases ", The publication is separated dish leaf using auger transport structure.For problem of the prior art, inventor proposes to be arranged after cutting top Cleaning member, for handling green top and cauline leaf around stem tuber.Its structure is with reference to threshing machine structure 200.The impurity-removing mechanism 500 is for example Including components such as motor 510, belts 520.

《The mechanical performance of moral Homer beet harvester and use》（Nine teacher of agriculture one six seven, easy Dongshan etc.）Disclose beet The common type of cropper, and disclose topping unit, root tuber delver and the primary structure for clearing up separator.There is part existing There is technology proposition that pick-up mechanism is installed except delver.Cropper is picked up 201410379057.7 disclosing beet and excavating, it is main It is used for the pickup and cleaning of beet.Pickup plough and guide bar is arranged in the lower end of its adjusting rod, and shaft lower end is rotated with clear material Disk connects, clear to expect that rotating disk front is adjacent with guide bar and pickup plough.It picks up to plough to bury and plows beet, the beet plowed is being led Material bar and stock guide are lower into clear material rotating disk along leading.It is arranged on the lower end outside of adjusting rod with serrate opening disk. Such as 0016 section of case specification is cut off positioned at grass of the opening disk of plough side by gear in mouldboard front is picked up.Opening disk is leaned on The channel of nearly beet, beet may be damaged during cutting off weeds.The mechanism 600 of tracking down and recovering of the present invention includes tracking down and recovering motor 610, plectrum 620, cut stem motor 630 and cut stem knife 640.It tracks down and recovers motor 610 and cuts stem motor 630 and be installed on holder 110, The output for tracking down and recovering motor 610 is pivotally connected to plectrum 620, the plectrum 620 be located at the first draw sword and second draw sword between.It dials Beet 900 is dialled in the entrance in cleaning channel by piece 620, then brings cleaning mechanism 700 by clear miscellaneous disk 714.Plectrum 620 for example, by using Hard rubber material is made.The output for cutting stem motor 630, which is pivotally connected to, cuts stem knife 640, this is cut stem knife 640 and is located at horizontal clear up On the inside of channel 730 and except the first is drawn sword（The inside of outer fence）.It is disk-like structure that this, which cuts stem knife 640,.To avoid sweet tea 900 part cauline leaf of dish is blocked by horizontal fence 711, is cut stem knife 640 and is being cut off cauline leaf close to the position of fence.

《Sugar beet combine conveys hoisting equipment design》（MAE Northern Co., Ltd., Yang Wei etc.）It is open The structures of more ridge croppers.Its principle is that the premenstrual carrier chain of beet rhizome that digger blade is excavated is delivered to the separation of fruit soil Roller, gap of the soil during which largely excavated through conveyor chain are fallen, and counter-rotation fruit soil separate roller mainly removes sweet tea Beet is finally collected into fruit-collecting box by the soil of adhesive tape on dish stem tuber by clamping hoisting equipment.201610311128.9 that Sugar beet pickup device includes picking up part, picking up component and cleaning member.The cleaning member is used for by the pickup component The root crop picked is cleaned.Its cleaning member is made of multiple clearers, is unfavorable for clearing up beet weeds. 201520427288.0 disclosing a kind of clear miscellaneous cropper of beet excavation pickup.The case relates generally to multistage impurity-removing mechanism.It is picking up The rear for picking up pears coordinates arrangement to be installed with acclivitous multistage clear miscellaneous turntable, the multistage clear miscellaneous rearmost discharge end of turntable successively It is connected to circulating elevating conveyor.Clear miscellaneous structure is integrally similar in the case, and it is miscellaneous clearly to be unfavorable for multi-angle.Its elevating conveyor There is no the structures such as shift fork, driver plate, can not be used as impurity-removing mechanism.In addition, it is in splayed symmetrical structure that it, which picks up plough, plough is picked up Between top thumb wheel is set.Beet is dialled in clear miscellaneous capstan by thumb wheel, and the structure of thumb wheel is to be uniformly arranged to be on wheel rim Radial rubber plectrum.The structure of the plectrum can be used as the reference of the application.《Beet joint is excavated in 4LT-A type mistake row operations Cropper development and experiment》（Nanjing Agriculturing Mechanization Inst., Ministry of Agriculture, Gu Fengwei etc.）The machine includes feed bin and is detected to row Threshing machine structure, profiling topping mechanism, excavation conveying device etc..Its delver is arranged side by side with cutter, and threshing machine structure, which is located at, to be excavated Device rear.Its conveying device is annular cage construction, beet can be further cleared up in transportational process, but undisclosed conveying fills The concrete structure set, and to clear up the additional designs that beet is cooked.

Cleaning mechanism 700 is made of the vertical cleaning portion 720 that horizontal cleaning portion 710 is connected with each other.Horizontal 710 He of cleaning portion Vertical cleaning portion 720 can clear up the soil and sundries of beet 900 from multiple directions and angle, and these cleaning portions can also be used as Transport section is convenient for consolidated shipment beet 900.Horizontal cleaning portion 710 refers to the construction package of generally horizontal state, to use Need, also can relative level be tilted a certain angle.Horizontal cleaning portion 710 includes horizontal fence 711, the 712, first electricity of cantilevered axle Machine 713, clear miscellaneous disk 714.Horizontal fence 711, cantilevered axle 712 and the first shift fork 718 are installed on the body 100.It is clear miscellaneous Disk 714 is located at the lower section of horizontal fence 711, and clear miscellaneous disk 714 forms horizontal cleaning channel 730 with horizontal fence 711, and the level is clear The entrance correspondence in reason channel 730 tracks down and recovers mechanism 600, goes out corresponding vertical cleaning channel 740.Cantilevered axle 712 is located at horizontal fence 711 Center, motor is fixed on the lower section of the cantilevered axle 712, and the output of the first motor 713 is pivotally connected to clear miscellaneous disk 714, this is clear Miscellaneous disk 714 drives beet 900 to be moved in level cleaning channel 730.In another embodiment, setting becomes in cantilevered axle 712 Fast component, deboost axle enter cantilevered axle 712 through body 100, drive clear miscellaneous disk 714 to rotate through transmission components.Horizontal fence 711 by Mutually contradictory interior fence group 715 and outer fence group 716 are constituted, and fence is made of plurality of rods shape part, adjacent rod-like element composition One gap.Clear miscellaneous disk 714 is made of more centrosymmetric clear miscellaneous bars 717, and at least one clear miscellaneous bar end extends back.Water The outside of flat fence 711 is equipped with multiple first shift forks 718, and first shift fork 718 is at least part of to stretch into horizontal fence 711.It dials The structures such as fork are inserted into the gap of rod-like element, take weeds out of.Clear miscellaneous disk 714 also can cleaning part sundries.

Vertical cleaning portion 720 includes side panel 721, roller bearing 722 and a vertical fence 723, the second motor 724, transmission belt 725 and multiple driver plates 726.Side panel 721 is mounted on body 100, the opposition arrangement of side panel 721.The outside of side panel 721 Equipped with multiple second shift forks 727, second shift fork 727 is at least part of to stretch into vertical fence 723.Vertical fence 723 is by successively Arc lower fence group 751, vertical fence group 752 and the upper arc fence group 753 of connection are constituted.Vertical fence 723 and side The composition of plate 721 one vertically clears up channel 740, and the both ends of roller bearing 722 are installed in rotation on the inside of two side panels 721.The Except two motors, 724 affixed side panel 721, the second motor 724 drives at least one roller bearing 722.Transmission belt 725 is sleeved on roller bearing On 722, driver plate 726 is mounted on the transmission belt 725.Driver plate 726 is by gusseted portion 754, recesses portion 755 and forked Extension 756 forms, and gusseted portion 754 is fixed on a moving belt, and forked extension 756 stretches into vertical fence 723.Driver plate 726 drive beets 900 move in the vertical cleaning channel 740.Vertical fence 723 can also be by spaced rod piece group At.Driver plate 726 stretches into gap, helps clean up the sundries for being partly adhered to 900 stem tuber of beet.In use, beet 900, stem Leaf etc. enters horizontal cleaning channel 730 under the promotion for tracking down and recovering mechanism 600, and clear miscellaneous disk 714 drives beet 900 to be moved to outlet Place.Part cauline leaf is fallen by rod piece gap, and part cauline leaf is tangled by shift fork.Small part cauline leaf enters vertical cleaning with beet 900 Channel 740.Vertical cleaning portion 720 further clears up sundries, improves 900 clean level of beet.

Collecting mechanism 800 includes outline border 810, cylinder 820 and containing box 830.The cylinder 820 is hinged on outline border 810 On, the output shaft of the cylinder 820 is hinged on 830 outside of the containing box.Cylinder 820 is overturn, and realizes 900 consolidated shipment of beet. Outline border 810 is generally L-shaped, is made of more cross bars 811, at least two one horizontal components of composition of cross bar 811, at least two Cross bar 811 form a vertical portion.The top of containing box 830 is hinged in the vertical portion, which includes at least 831, three 832 and one oblique side plates 833 of vertical side plate of bottom plate.The bottom plate 831, vertical side plate 832 and oblique side plate 833 form One accommodating area 834.Vertical side plate 832 and/or oblique side plate 833 are made of multiple truss.At least one vertical side plate 832 has There is feeding port 835, which is located at the top of the first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850.Containing box 830 further includes first Slide plate 840, the second slide plate 850 and elastic component 860.First slide plate 840 is prolonged by orthogonal first extension 841 and second Extending portion 842 forms, which is slidably mounted in the madial wall of vertical side plate 832, second extension 842 With a guide groove 843.Second slide plate 850 is made of mutual 851 and the 4th extension 852 of obtuse-angulate third extension, this Three extensions 851 lean against on oblique side plate 833, and the 4th extension 852 is slidably inserted into guide groove 843.Elastic component 860 （Spring）One end be mounted on guide groove 843 in, the other end withstands on the side wall of the 4th extension 852.Cleaning mechanism 700 is connected to Feeding port 835, beet 900 enter accommodating area 834 via vertical cleaning portion 720 and feeding port 835.Spring supports in a free state The first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850 are opened, the first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850 are slided along containing box 830, improve bottom The height of supporting surface.When beet 900 is fallen on the first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850, slide plate slide downward is simultaneously shunk, with Weight increase, slide plate height continuously decreases.Although slide plate height reduces, as beet 900 increases, beet 900 falls Height increases without practical, and damage caused by answering beet 900 to drop also is minimized.In the present embodiment, bottom plate 831 and oblique The angle of side plate 833 is equal with the angle of third extension 851 and the 4th extension 852, and during slide plate slides, extension begins Eventually close to side skid, frictional resistance is relatively low.It is contemplated that the second extension 842 may be used with the 4th extension 852 it is smooth Rod piece be made.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of cutter guiding mechanism, including holder, drawing mechanism, guiding mechanism and connecting rod, the drawing mechanism include axis Portion, casing, the first draw sword, second draw sword, on the bracket, described sleeve pipe is sleeved on the axle portion for the axle portion installation Outside, the first, which draws sword to draw sword with second, is installed in the lower section of described sleeve pipe, the guiding mechanism include positioning seat, Swing arm, at least two spring lever, the positioning seat install on the bracket, the swing arm is through an articulated shaft in the positioning seat On, the spring lever is fixed on the lower section of the swing arm, and one first spherical hinge of middle part of the connecting rod is mounted on the holder On, one second spherical hinge of one end of the connecting rod is connected to described sleeve pipe, and the one third spherical hinge of one end of the connecting rod connects It is connected to the upper end of the swing arm.

2. cutter guiding mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first spherical hinge and second flexural pivot The distance of chain is D1, and first spherical hinge is D2, the third spherical hinge and the hinge at a distance from the third spherical hinge The distance of spindle is D3, and the third spherical hinge is D4, D1 at a distance from the spring lever end：D2 =D4： D3.

3. cutter guiding mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the spring lever has a torsional part and guiding Portion, the guide portion are close to the middle part of swing arm.

4. cutter guiding mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first is drawn sword and second composition of drawing sword One acute angle.

5. cutter guiding mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the holder includes a swing span, the swing Frame is connected to the positioning seat through two support chips, which there is a positioning region, the positioning seat to have a guide post, this is led Column passes through the positioning region, a thrust spring to be sleeved on the outside of the guide post, and one end of the thrust spring is withstood on the guide post, separately One end is withstood on the positioning region.

6. cutter guiding mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the positioning seat equipped at least two it is red Outer receiver, the swing arm are equipped at least one infrared transmitter.

7. a kind of beet harvester includes the cutter guiding mechanism as described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterised in that Further include holder, collecting mechanism, cleaning mechanism, track down and recover mechanism, preceding threshing machine structure, impurity-removing mechanism, feeler mechanism, drawing mechanism with And guiding mechanism.