CN207965661U - A kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel - Google Patents
A kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN207965661U CN207965661U CN201721862069.0U CN201721862069U CN207965661U CN 207965661 U CN207965661 U CN 207965661U CN 201721862069 U CN201721862069 U CN 201721862069U CN 207965661 U CN207965661 U CN 207965661U
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- photovoltaic panel
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- control unit
- wind speed
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel, including horizontal photosensitive unit, vertical photosensitive unit, measuring wind speed unit, GPS positioning unit, control unit, horizontal motor driving unit, pitching motor driving unit, key-press input unit and display unit.The control mode that the utility model is combined using light-operated and time control complementation, control is tracked using light sensor when light is stronger, control is tracked according to longitude and latitude and time when light is weaker, adjustment horizontal motor and pitching motor make photovoltaic panel always towards the strongest direction of sun light intensity, effectively raise the generating efficiency of solar power system, its is simple in structure, compact, it is easy for installation, it is cheap, system power dissipation is low, it is high to track precision, stability and good reliability, scalability is strong, using flexible, it can be automatically selected according to weather conditions and seek a day trace mode, suitable for photovoltaic Traffic alarm light, in the solar power systems such as small-sized photovoltaic power station.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to photovoltaic generation control technology field, more particularly to the automatic seeking day device of a kind of photovoltaic panel.
Background technology
The energy is the motive power promoted economic development with social progress, main used in the mankind since the industrial revolution
The energy is fossil energy.However its reserves is limited, it is prodigious that a large amount of use can cause global environment ecology and weather to generate
Variation.And solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible and free of contamination clean energy resource, the use with the mankind to the energy
It is shifted from conventional energy resource to regenerative resource, solar energy then becomes the alternative energy source of ideals of human being.And solar power generation at this stage
Device is fixed once the position for installing its photovoltaic panel, since sun irradiation angle is changing always, leads to current solar energy
Generating efficiency is not generally high, so the generating efficiency for how increasing solar power system is to be worth research.
Utility model content
(1) the technical issues of solving
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel, is chased after using the sun
Track technology makes photovoltaic panel towards the strongest direction of sun light intensity, effectively raise the power generation effect of solar power system always
Rate.
(2) technical solution
A kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel, including horizontal photosensitive unit, vertical photosensitive unit, measuring wind speed unit,
GPS positioning unit, control unit, horizontal motor driving unit, pitching motor driving unit, key-press input unit and display are single
Member；
The horizontal photosensitive unit includes the first and second light sensors, operational amplifier, the first and second resistance,
Described in the first and second light sensors select photo resistance, the operational amplifier to select four-operational amplifier LM358；Institute
The horizontal central line both ends that the first and second light sensors are located at photovoltaic panel are stated, the sun for incuding the photovoltaic panel horizontal direction is straight
Position is penetrated, the operational amplifier exports low and high level signal, is sent into the A/D mouths of described control unit；
The vertical photosensitive unit has circuit structure identical with the horizontal photosensitive unit, two light levels
Device is located at the vertical center line both ends of the photovoltaic panel, incudes the direct sunlight position of the photovoltaic panel vertical direction, equally
Export the A/D mouthfuls that low and high level signal is sent into described control unit；
The measuring wind speed unit detects the current wind speed of environment, and outputs level signals are sent into the A/ of described control unit
D mouthfuls；
The GPS positioning unit includes GPS receiver module, GPS antenna, the third and fourth resistance, wherein the GPS receiver
Module selects 16 channel height sense GPS receiver E580；The GPS receiver module receives the navigation message that GPS positioning satellite is sent,
And the navigation message is sent into the UART1 mouths of described control unit；
Described control unit carries out A/D conversions, output to the low and high level signal of the horizontal photosensitive unit input
The pwm control signal of the photovoltaic panel horizontal direction；The height of the described control unit to the vertical photosensitive unit input
Level signal carries out A/D conversions, exports the pwm control signal of the photovoltaic panel vertical direction；Described control unit is to the wind
The level signal of fast measuring unit input carries out A/D conversions, is calculated corresponding air speed value, and with wind speed preset value into
Row compares, and exports the interrupt signal of the photovoltaic panel horizontal direction；The institute that described control unit inputs the GPS positioning unit
It states navigation message to be parsed and extracted, changes into the GPS positioning informations data such as time, longitude and latitude；Described control unit output point
The display unit, the horizontal motor driving unit and the vertical electric-motor drive unit are not connected；
The horizontal motor driving unit includes d type flip flop, the first and second photoisolators, the first and second field-effects
Pipe, the first~the 4th diode, the 5th~the tenth resistance, the first and second capacitances, wherein first and second Phototube Coupling
Device selects TLP521；The pwm control signal of the d type flip flop input described control unit output, driving horizontal motor is just
Reversion, to control the photovoltaic panel positive and negative overturning in the horizontal direction；
The pitching motor driving unit has circuit structure identical with the horizontal motor driving unit, described in input
The pwm control signal of control unit output, drives pitching motor positive and negative rotation, to control the photovoltaic panel in vertical direction
Upper positive and negative overturning；
The display unit real-time display current environment wind speed, local longitude and latitude and temporal information；
The key-press input unit includes keyboard scan chip, keyboard, quartz crystal oscillator, the capacitance of third~the 5th and the 11st
~the ten seven resistance, wherein it is four rows, three row, 12 key board matrix that the keyboard scan chip, which selects ZLG7289, the keyboard,；
The key-press input unit is for inputting wind speed preset value and the parameters such as current longitude and latitude and time.
Further, described control unit selects microcontroller MSP430F148.
Further, the measuring wind speed unit selects air velocity transducer FC-2A3.
Further, the horizontal motor and the pitching motor are 24V DC permanent magnet motors.
Further, the display unit selects Liquid Crystal Module LCD12864.
(3) advantageous effect
The utility model provides a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel, the control combined using light-operated and time control complementation
Mode is tracked control using light sensor when light is stronger, is tracked according to longitude and latitude and time when light is weaker
Control, adjusting horizontal motor and pitching motor makes photovoltaic panel towards the strongest direction of sun light intensity, effectively raise too always
The generating efficiency of positive energy electricity generation system, simple in structure, compact is easy for installation, and cheap, system power dissipation is low, tracking
Precision is high, and stability and good reliability, scalability is strong, using flexible, can be automatically selected according to weather conditions and seek day tracking
Mode, suitable for the solar power systems such as photovoltaic Traffic alarm light, small-sized photovoltaic power station.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the utility model involved by a kind of photovoltaic panel automatic seeking day device system functional block diagram.
Fig. 2 be the utility model involved by a kind of photovoltaic panel automatic seeking day device photosensitive unit circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 be the utility model involved by a kind of photovoltaic panel automatic seeking day device GPS positioning unit circuit theory
Figure.
Fig. 4 be the utility model involved by a kind of photovoltaic panel automatic seeking day device electric-motor drive unit circuit theory
Figure.
Fig. 5 be the utility model involved by a kind of photovoltaic panel automatic seeking day device key-press input unit circuit theory
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment involved by the utility model is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel, including horizontal photosensitive unit, vertical photosensitive unit, wind speed
Measuring unit, GPS positioning unit, control unit, horizontal motor driving unit, pitching motor driving unit, key-press input unit
And display unit.
It realizes the tracking to the sun, needs to know a certain position of a certain moment, the azimuth of the sun and elevation angle.System
The azimuth of the sun is measured by horizontal photosensitive unit, vertical photosensitive unit measures the elevation angle of the sun, GPS positioning unit obtains
Longitude and latitude and temporal information.
As shown in Fig. 2, horizontal photosensitive unit includes light sensor Rt1 and Rt2, operational amplifier U1, resistance R1 and R2,
Wherein light sensor Rt1 and Rt2 selects photo resistance, operational amplifier U1 to select four-operational amplifier LM358；Light level
Device Rt1 and Rt2 are located at the horizontal central line both ends of photovoltaic panel, incude the direct sunlight position of photovoltaic panel horizontal direction, operation amplifier
Device U1 exports low and high level signal, is sent into the A/D mouths of control unit.Photo resistance Rt1 and Rt2 are a kind of resistance values with illumination
The changed resistance of intensity, when direct sunlight, the resistance value of photo resistance Rt1 and Rt2 is identical, operational amplifier LM358's
The voltage difference of in-phase input end and inverting input is 0, at this time without input in control unit；If sunlight is not at direct projection position,
Then the resistance value of two photo resistance Rt1 and Rt2 differ, and the input terminal of LM358 will produce voltage difference, are opened since LM358 is in
Ring status, therefore 0 or 1 low and high level signal can be sent out to control unit.
There is vertical photosensitive unit circuit structure identical with horizontal photosensitive unit, two light sensors to be located at photovoltaic panel
Vertical center line both ends, incude the direct sunlight position of photovoltaic panel vertical direction, the same low and high level signal that exports is sent into control
The A/D mouths of unit.
Measuring wind speed unit detects the current wind speed of environment, and outputs level signals are sent into the A/D mouths of control unit.When wind speed is super
When crossing certain value, if photovoltaic panel is in non-horizontal position, photovoltaic panel is likely to result in because wind-force is excessive and impaired, it is therefore desirable to real
When detect current environment wind speed.Measuring wind speed unit selects air velocity transducer FC-2A3, exports 0~5V voltages, measures wind speed model
0~30m/s is enclosed, the voltage magnitude of output is corresponding with air speed value.
As shown in figure 3, GPS positioning unit includes GPS receiver module U3, GPS antenna E1, resistance R3 and R4, wherein GPS connects
It receives module U3 and selects 16 channel height sense GPS receiver E580；GPS receiver module receives the navigation message that GPS positioning satellite is sent,
And navigation message is sent into the UART1 mouths of control unit U2.The E580 data updating rates per second of height sense low-power consumption are 4 times, are had
16 channels can track 16 GPS positioning satellites, the reachable -158dBm of tracking sensitivity simultaneously.It is unremitting remarkable navigational
Can, even if can be positioned in dense forest or built-up downtown area, the requirement of land navigation can not only be met, and
The dynamic requirements of aircraft can be reached.E580 uses ANTARRIS4 location technologies, built-in energy saver mode that can provide extremely low power frame
Structure is highly susceptible to using, and is suitable for the system integration, only needs additional GPS antenna E1 and power supply that can work.E580 possesses 2
UART and 1 USB port, data can be read by arbitrary interface.For GPS antenna E1, the impedance for adding 50 Ω is needed
Wiring.
Control unit carries out A/D conversions, output photovoltaic plate level side to the low and high level signal that horizontal photosensitive unit inputs
To pwm control signal；Control unit carries out A/D conversions to the low and high level signal that vertical photosensitive unit inputs, and exports photovoltaic
The pwm control signal of plate vertical direction；Control unit carries out A/D conversions to the level signal that measuring wind speed unit inputs, and calculates
Corresponding air speed value is obtained, and is compared with wind speed preset value, the interrupt signal in output photovoltaic plate level direction；Control unit
The navigation message of GPS positioning unit input is parsed and extracted, the GPS positioning informations data such as time, longitude and latitude are changed into；Control
Unit output processed is separately connected display unit, horizontal motor driving unit and vertical electric-motor drive unit.Control unit is selected single
Piece machine MSP430F148, operating voltage 3.3V are the singlechip chips of a band 10 A/D conversions, are had superpower anti-dry
The characteristic disturbed, and there is ultralow power consumption, electric current is only 4~7mA when normal work, electric current ＜ 1mA when idle.Its work
Period is only a clock cycle, can substantially reduce the frequency of the external crystal-controlled oscillation used, to reduce electromagnetic interference.
MSP430F148 has the characteristics that pin is few, small, price is low, easy to use, can reduce development cost, shortens exploitation week
Phase.
Horizontal motor and pitching motor are 24V DC permanent magnet motors, photovoltaic panel horizontal direction and vertical direction pitching
The adjustment at angle needs driving motor that can have 2 opposite directions of motion.As shown in figure 4, horizontal motor driving unit includes
D type flip flop U3, photoisolator U4A and U4B, field-effect tube Q1 and Q2, diode D1~D4, resistance R5~R10, capacitance C1 and
C2, wherein photoisolator U4A and U4B select TLP521；The pwm control signal of d type flip flop U3 input control units output, drives
Dynamic horizontal motor M1 positive and negative rotations, to control photovoltaic panel positive and negative overturning in the horizontal direction.It is inputted when the D feet of d type flip flop U3
When pwm control signal is in rising edge, the Q feet of d type flip flop export high level, and QN feet export low level, at this time photoisolator
U4A exports high level, field-effect tube Q1 conductings, and horizontal motor M1 is rotated forward；When the pwm control signal that the D feet of d type flip flop U3 input
When in failing edge, d type flip flop is inverted, and Q feet export low level, and QN feet export high level, at this time photoisolator U4B
Export high level, field-effect tube Q2 conductings, horizontal motor M1 reversions.By controlled level motor M1 positive and negative rotations, photovoltaic panel is realized
Positive and negative overturning in the horizontal direction.
Pitching motor driving unit has circuit structure identical with horizontal motor driving unit, the output of input control unit
Pwm control signal, drive pitching motor positive and negative rotation, to control photovoltaic panel positive and negative overturning in the vertical direction.
Display unit selects Liquid Crystal Module LCD12864, real-time display current environment wind speed, local longitude and latitude and time letter
Breath.
As shown in figure 5, key-press input unit include keyboard scan chip U5, keyboard, quartz crystal oscillator X1, capacitance C3~C5 and
It is four rows, three row, 12 key board matrix that resistance R11~R17, wherein keyboard scan chip U5, which select ZLG7289, keyboard,；Button is defeated
Enter unit for inputting wind speed preset value and the parameters such as current longitude and latitude and time.Contain decoder inside ZLG7289, there is string
The repertoire of keyboard interface, external four rows, three row, 12 key board matrix, when having by key pressing can be completed in line interface, monolithic
KEY feet can become low level, and institute's key value can be read using instruction.
After system starts, parameter, including wind speed preset value, local longitude and latitude and time are manually entered using button first
(being made using 24 hours) information.If ambient wind, at 5 grades or more, photovoltaic panel is arranged horizontally driving horizontal motor, prevents
Photovoltaic panel only is damaged because wind-force is excessive, otherwise photovoltaic panel is carried out to seek day tracking.During seeking day, if ambient light compared with
By force, then light-operated mode is used, the strongest position of solar irradiation is chased after using two groups of photo resistance in horizontal and vertical direction
Track；If ambient light is weaker, azimuth and the elevation angle of the sun are calculated by current longitude and latitude and temporal information, passes through time control
Mode is tracked the strongest position of solar irradiation；If ambient light is excessively weak, horizontal motor is driven to put photovoltaic plate level
It sets.
The utility model provides a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel, the control combined using light-operated and time control complementation
Mode is tracked control using light sensor when light is stronger, is tracked according to longitude and latitude and time when light is weaker
Control, adjusting horizontal motor and pitching motor makes photovoltaic panel towards the strongest direction of sun light intensity, effectively raise too always
The generating efficiency of positive energy electricity generation system, simple in structure, compact is easy for installation, and cheap, system power dissipation is low, tracking
Precision is high, and stability and good reliability, scalability is strong, using flexible, can be automatically selected according to weather conditions and seek day tracking
Mode, suitable for the solar power systems such as photovoltaic Traffic alarm light, small-sized photovoltaic power station.
Embodiment described above is only that preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, not to this practicality
Novel conception and scope is defined.Without departing from the design concept of the present utility model, ordinary people in the field couple
The all variations and modifications that the technical solution of the utility model is made, should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model, this reality
With novel claimed technology contents, all record in detail in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel, it is characterised in that：Including horizontal photosensitive unit, vertical photosensitive unit, wind speed
Measuring unit, GPS positioning unit, control unit, horizontal motor driving unit, pitching motor driving unit, key-press input unit
And display unit；
The horizontal photosensitive unit includes the first and second light sensors, operational amplifier, the first and second resistance, wherein institute
Stating the first and second light sensors selects photo resistance, the operational amplifier to select four-operational amplifier LM358；Described
One and second light sensor be located at the horizontal central line both ends of photovoltaic panel, incude the direct sunlight position of the photovoltaic panel horizontal direction
It sets, the operational amplifier exports low and high level signal, is sent into the A/D mouths of described control unit；
The vertical photosensitive unit has circuit structure identical with the horizontal photosensitive unit, two light sensor positions
In the vertical center line both ends of the photovoltaic panel, the direct sunlight position of the photovoltaic panel vertical direction is incuded, it is same to export
Low and high level signal is sent into the A/D mouthfuls of described control unit；
The measuring wind speed unit detects the current wind speed of environment, and outputs level signals are sent into the A/D mouthfuls of described control unit；
The GPS positioning unit includes GPS receiver module, GPS antenna, the third and fourth resistance, wherein the GPS receiver module
Select 16 channel height sense GPS receiver E580；The GPS receiver module receives the navigation message that GPS positioning satellite is sent, and will
The navigation message is sent into the UART1 mouths of described control unit；
Described control unit carries out A/D conversions to the low and high level signal of the horizontal photosensitive unit input, described in output
The pwm control signal of photovoltaic panel horizontal direction；The low and high level of the described control unit to the vertical photosensitive unit input
Signal carries out A/D conversions, exports the pwm control signal of the photovoltaic panel vertical direction；Described control unit surveys the wind speed
The level signal for measuring unit input carries out A/D conversions, corresponding air speed value is calculated, and compared with wind speed preset value
Compared with exporting the interrupt signal of the photovoltaic panel horizontal direction；Described control unit described in GPS positioning unit input to leading
Avionics text is parsed and is extracted, change into the time, longitude and latitude GPS positioning information data；Described control unit output connects respectively
Connect the display unit, the horizontal motor driving unit and the vertical electric-motor drive unit；
The horizontal motor driving unit include d type flip flop, the first and second photoisolators, the first and second field-effect tube,
First~the 4th diode, the 5th~the tenth resistance, the first and second capacitances, wherein first and second photoisolator selects
Use TLP521；The pwm control signal of the d type flip flop input described control unit output, drives horizontal motor positive and negative rotation,
To control the photovoltaic panel positive and negative overturning in the horizontal direction；
The pitching motor driving unit has circuit structure identical with the horizontal motor driving unit, inputs the control
The pwm control signal of unit output, drives pitching motor positive and negative rotation, to control the photovoltaic panel in the vertical direction just
Anti- overturning；
The display unit real-time display current environment wind speed, local longitude and latitude and temporal information；
The key-press input unit includes keyboard scan chip, keyboard, quartz crystal oscillator, the capacitance of third~the 5th and the 11~the
17 resistance, wherein it is four rows, three row, 12 key board matrix that the keyboard scan chip, which selects ZLG7289, the keyboard,；It is described
Key-press input unit is used to input the parameter of wind speed preset value and current longitude and latitude and time.
2. a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described control unit is selected
Microcontroller MSP430F148.
3. a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The measuring wind speed unit
Select air velocity transducer FC-2A3.
4. a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The horizontal motor and institute
It is 24V DC permanent magnet motors to state pitching motor.
5. a kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The display unit is selected
Liquid Crystal Module LCD12864.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721862069.0U CN207965661U (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721862069.0U CN207965661U (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207965661U true CN207965661U (en) | 2018-10-12 |
Family
ID=63730059
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721862069.0U Expired - Fee Related CN207965661U (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of automatic seeking day device of photovoltaic panel |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN207965661U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111309058A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Photovoltaic power generation device capable of automatically following light |
-
2017
- 2017-12-27 CN CN201721862069.0U patent/CN207965661U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111309058A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Photovoltaic power generation device capable of automatically following light |
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Granted publication date: 20181012 Termination date: 20181227 |