KR20070113009A - Sunlight detecting system for the solar cell and solar heat sink device - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar light tracking system is provided to adjust an altitude angle driving unit and an azimuth angle driving unit through DC motors. A solar cell and solar heat sink device includes a collecting unit for collecting solar light, a driving unit for controlling the direction for the collecting unit, and a control unit for tracking the direction of sun and issuing a direction control command. An altitude angle driving unit is arranged at a bottom of a center of a solar light collecting plate, and a horizontal shaft(12) is arranged to rotate in interlock with an output shaft of the altitude angle driving unit. The horizontal shaft supports the center of the solar light collecting plate in a transverse direction. An azimuth angle driving unit(15) is connected beneath the solar light collecting plate and fastened onto ground via a gear assembly and a vertical shaft. The altitude angle driving unit and the azimuth angle driving unit are driven by the signals which are received from a DGPS, an altitude measuring unit(3), and an air flow rate measuring unit(4) and computed in a micro processor.

Description

Sunlight detecting system for the solar cell and solar heat sink device}

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the present invention,

2 is a front view of the present invention;

3 is a side view of the present invention;

4 is a program flow diagram of a microprocessor of the present invention;

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Elevation angle drive part 12: Horizontal axis 13: Vertical axis 15: Azimuth drive part 2: DGPS 3: Ambient light sensor 1: Microprocessor

The present invention is to maximize the efficiency of solar energy utilization by automatically adjusting the solar heat collector or solar panel of the solar heating or solar power generation system in the direction perpendicular to the sun throughout the sunshine regardless of the latitude, hardness and time of the installation location. The present invention relates to a control device for future alternative energy systems that can be implemented.

The recent problems such as depletion of the environment, fossil energy, and soaring oil prices can contribute to the alternative energy industry being fostered in many countries around the world. In addition, students directly participate in the system design and production process, which is a system that can contribute greatly to the improvement of field adaptability and creativity, away from the subject-oriented engineering education, which is a problem of current engineering education.

There are three methods for tracking the location of the sun using the solar energy: a method of tracking the location of the sun using an optical sensor, a program type that calculates and tracks the location of the sun in advance, and a method of paralleling the sensor and the program. At present, a method of tracking the direction of the sun according to the latitude and time at which the light collecting plate is installed has been developed, but since the direction of the sun changes according to the season, the sensor and the program are used in parallel by using a combination of sensors that detect the direction of the sunlight. The way to track the sun's position is common.

Existing methods use expensive control devices such as servo motors and encoders for directional control. As a result, it is not economically viable except for large-scale power generation facilities, and the direction tracking operation mechanism is suitable for large-scale power generation systems, and excessive energy is consumed. Therefore, it is difficult to operate only with electric energy generated from small power generation systems. have. Therefore, not only the solar tracking technology but also the design of an operation device that minimizes energy consumption suitable for a single power supply system is an urgent problem to be solved for the practical use of photovoltaic power generation.

The present invention is to provide a device for automatically controlling the solar heat collector or the light collecting plate to be in direct contact with the sun at all times for the most optimal heat absorption of the solar energy.

In order to maximize solar energy efficiency, the present invention designs an automatic solar position tracking program according to latitude, longitude, season and time, and is 10 times more accurate than GPS without complicated calculation and control by the conventional servomotor and optical sensor. According to the DGPS device and the current date and time based on the basic calculation formula to predict the solar direction accurately.

The present invention is to provide a practical low-cost directional drive device / controller that can operate at a low power, and is safe to the typhoon or strong wind structure design and automatic solar position tracking technology.

The present invention relates to a solar tracking device for solar energy collection and power generation system.

The present invention obtains information on the installation position, latitude, and longitude of the solar heat collecting apparatus currently installed by the DGPS, and calculates the current solar mass height based on this information. Using the south mid-high altitude, the position of the sun was calculated according to the hardness and time, and the direction angle of the sun's rays was obtained to enable optimal solar energy absorption and absorption without the need for driving due to the operation of complex sensors.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the present invention, Figure 2 is a front view of the present invention, Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention, Figure 4 is a program flow diagram of the microprocessor of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting and power generation system including a light collecting or collecting unit for collecting sunlight, a driving unit for controlling the direction of the light collecting or collecting unit, and a control unit for tracking the direction of the sun and giving a direction control command.

An altitude angle driver 11 and an illuminance measuring instrument 3 are installed on the bottom of the central portion, which is the center of gravity of the solar energy collector and the light collecting plate, and solar energy is collected on a horizontal axis 12 that rotates in conjunction with the output shaft of the altitude angle driver. Or support the center of the light collecting plate laterally,

The lower side of the solar energy collector or the light collecting plate is connected to the azimuth drive unit 15 fixed to the ground via the gear assembly and the vertical axis 13,

The altitude driving unit and the azimuth driving unit receive a signal transmitted from the DGPS (2), roughness measuring sphere (3), wind speed measuring sphere (4) driving signal calculated by the microprocessor (1) by the equation (1) It relates to a solar tracking device for solar heat collection and power generation system characterized in that for driving by.

In the present invention, the DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) is measured and transmitted (date, month, day, hour, minute, second), latitude, longitude, data accuracy ... and the like. This data information has more than 1/10 less error than GPS (Global Positioning System).

The information transmitted from this DGPS is transmitted with values of 0, 1, 2, and 6, and when these values are 0, data unavailability is transmitted. In case of 1, GPS values are transmitted. In case of 2, DGPS values are transmitted. In this case, the DGPS value is not calculated, which means that the previous data is sent. That is, latitude, longitude, and numeric values (0,1,2,6) are received. If a number other than 2 is received, repeat until the numeric value becomes 2.

Unlike the conventional servo motor, the present invention is to control the elevation angle driving unit and the azimuth driving unit by the DC motor, respectively. Specifically, reducer is installed on the DC motor, and a device such as a proximity sensor is installed on the output shaft of the reducer to extract the pulse signal according to the shaft rotation of the DC motor, and then the current motor rotation angle is measured by the pulse signal. The rotation angle is adjusted to the present angle of the heat collecting plate or the heat absorbing plate connected to the elevation driving unit and the azimuth driving unit.

In the present invention, the solar light collecting unit or the heat collecting unit is a structure in which units of a light collecting plate (specifically, a solar cell or a heat absorbing plate) are assembled to increase and decrease according to a desired level.

In the present invention, the microprocessor (1) is a signal value transmitted from the DGPS (2), roughness measuring sphere (3), wind speed measuring sphere (4) is calculated by the following equation (1) and the altitude angle driving unit 11 and By sending a drive signal to the azimuth driving unit 15, the position of the light collecting plate and the heat absorbing plate is controlled.

H = (Current Time-Middle and High City) X15,

ħ = sin ⁻¹ (sinφ · sinδ + cosφ · cosδ · cosH),

A = cos ^-1 {(sinφsinħ-sinδ) / cosφcosħ)}

Where φ is the latitude of the observer, δ is the declination of the sun, and H is The hour angle, A is the azimuth, and ħ is the altitude.

The microprocessor of the present invention according to the above structural apparatus controls altitude, azimuth and the like by the following steps.

Specifically, in step 100, receiving a signal from the DGPS to determine the accuracy of the received data and filtering the received data to determine whether it is a valid data value.

Checking the current time when the data received from the DGPS is a valid value (120),

Calculating an elevation angle from the current time obtained from the above step and the data received from the DGPS using Equation (1) (130),

If the calculated altitude angle is greater than zero, the azimuth angle is calculated again, and receiving a signal of the anemometer from the wind speed measuring instrument and the illuminance measuring instrument (140),

Comparing the wind speed data measured from the wind speed measuring instrument with the wind speed reference value (a) (150),

If the wind speed measured from the wind speed measuring sphere is less than the wind speed reference value step (160) comparing the measured illuminance value measured by the roughness measuring sphere with the reference value (cs),

When the wind speed measurement value and illuminance measurement value are compared with the wind speed reference value (a) and the illuminance reference value (cs), respectively, and the wind speed is smaller than the reference value and the illuminance value is larger than the reference value, the current altitude and azimuth angle are expressed by Equation (1). Transmitting an operation signal for the elevation angle driver and the azimuth driver to move to the calculated new value (170);

When the altitude and azimuth are completed to move to a new position, the altitude and azimuth are controlled by a microprocessor comprising a step 180 which proceeds to step 120 again and calculates the values based on the current time and the DGPS signal. .

In the present invention, the wind speed reference value (a) depends on the durability of the device to be installed. For example, it is configured differently according to the material and durability of the altitude or the azimuth drive unit and its spindle frame, and in the case of the present invention, the initial value was set at an initial speed of 10 to 20 m / s and tested. The wind speed reference value is set based on the performance of the altitude driving unit and the azimuth driving unit and the durability of the structure supporting the whole structure, and it is not necessary to limit the range of 10 to 20 per second.

In the present invention, the reference value of the illuminance (cs) is also set according to the performance of the illuminometer, and the basic criterion of the setting criterion is set to be equal to or higher than the minimum luminance to generate electricity by receiving sunlight. Therefore, the performance of solar cells varies, so the installation standard should be set according to the producer of this solar cell. That is, if the signal value obtained from the illuminometer is lower than the minimum titer for generating electricity of the solar cell, the movement of the altitude or the azimuth angle is meaningless, which is used as the minimum criterion of judgment.

In another aspect of the present invention, if the altitude is less than zero in step 130, step 210 to calculate whether the wind speed is a constant level by the wind speed signal value sent from the wind speed measurement sphere (4),

If the wind speed is smaller than the wind speed reference value (a), reset to the initial position at altitude = 0 and azimuth angle = b, and proceed to step 110 to wait for the current time and the value of the DGPS signal, etc. (220). ),

If the altitude is less than 0 and the wind speed data is larger than the wind speed reference value (a), the altitude is 90 degrees, and then the step 110 is performed. In the present invention, the initial value of the azimuth angle is set to about 60 degrees in the case of Jeju Island where the present inventors are located, and the initial value of the azimuth angle is set differently according to the position where the azimuth is installed, that is, latitude and longitude.

If the data received from the DGPS is valid and the altitude is calculated by the current time, and the altitude value is less than 0, there is no change in altitude. will be. When the altitude value is calculated and 0, it means that the sunset has occurred, and since there is no sunlight at sunset, no further driving is necessary, so the device is set in such a state.

Another feature of the present invention further includes the step 310 of allowing the altitude to be maintained at 90 degrees if the wind speed data of the step 150 is greater than the reference value, and then proceeding to the step 110 again. Maintaining an altitude of 90 degrees is to keep the heat collecting plate or the heat absorbing plate in a horizontal state with the ground. When the wind speed is severe, the resistance to the wind speed is minimized to prevent the problem of device damage.

As described above, the present invention is to receive data by DGPS having a precision of 10 or more than GPS, and to calculate altitude and azimuth angle based on the data and the present time. By driving the calculated altitude and azimuth angle by the DC motor, the drive control unit is simplified while miniaturizing the servo motor.

In addition, the present invention is to prevent the risk of damage when the heat absorbing plate or the light collecting plate installed in the open land receives a certain wind speed or more to extend the life of the device and eliminated the economic waste due to unnecessary damage.

Claims (5)

In the solar heat collecting and power generation system consisting of a light collecting or collecting portion for condensing sunlight, a driving unit for controlling the direction to the light collecting or collecting portion, and a control unit for tracking the direction of the sun to give a direction control command, The solar light collecting plate has an altitude driver 11 installed at the lower center of the solar collector panel, and horizontally supports the center of the solar collector panel horizontally with a horizontal axis 12 that rotates in association with the output shaft of the elevation driver. The lower side of the solar light collecting plate is connected to the azimuth drive unit 15 fixed to the ground via the gear assembly and the vertical axis 13, The altitude driving unit and the azimuth driving unit receive the signals transmitted from the DGPS (2), the illuminance measuring instrument (3), and the wind velocity measuring instrument (4) so as to be driven by the signals calculated and output by the microprocessor (1). A photovoltaic tracking device for solar heat collection and power generation systems. The method of claim 1, The microprocessor (1) is based on the signal value transmitted from the DGPS (2), roughness measuring instrument (3) H = (Current Time-Middle and High City) X15, ħ = sin ⁻¹ (sinφ · sinδ + cosφ · cosδ · cosH), A = cos ^-1 {(sinφsinħ-sinδ) / cosφcosħ)} Where φ is the latitude of the observer, δ is the declination of the sun, and H is Time angle, A is the azimuth, and ħ is the elevation angle) Photovoltaic tracking device for solar heat collection and power generation system, characterized in that calculated by. The method of claim 1, Receiving a signal from the DGPS to determine the accuracy of the received data to filter the received data to determine whether it is a valid data value (100), Checking the current time when the data received from the DGPS is a valid value (120), Calculating an elevation angle from the current time obtained from the above step and the data received from the DGPS using Equation (1) (130), If the calculated altitude angle is greater than zero, the azimuth angle is calculated again, and receiving a signal of the anemometer from the wind speed measuring instrument and the illuminance measuring instrument (140), Comparing the wind speed data measured from the wind speed measuring instrument with the wind speed reference value (a) (150), If the wind speed measured from the wind speed measuring sphere is less than the wind speed reference value step (160) comparing the measured illuminance value measured by the roughness measuring sphere with the reference value (cs), If the wind speed measurement value and the illuminance measurement value are compared with the wind speed reference value (a) and the illuminance reference value (cs), respectively, and the wind speed is smaller than the reference value and the illuminance value is larger than the reference value, Transmitting an operation signal for the elevation angle driver and the azimuth driver to move to the calculated new value (170); After the movement of the altitude and azimuth to the new position is completed, the process proceeds to step 120 again, wherein the microprocessor is configured to perform operation based on the current time and the value of the DGPS signal. And solar tracking devices for power generation systems. The method of claim 3, wherein In step 130, if the altitude is less than zero, calculating whether or not the wind speed is a constant level based on the wind speed signal value sent from the wind speed measuring instrument 4; If the wind speed is less than the wind speed reference value (a), reset to the initial position at altitude = 0 and azimuth angle = b, proceed to step 110, and wait for the current time and the value of the DGPS signal again (220). ), If the wind speed data is higher than the wind speed reference value (a) while the altitude is less than 0, the solar light collection includes moving the altitude to a horizontal state of 90 degrees and then proceeding to step 110. And solar tracking devices for power generation systems. The method of claim 1, If the wind speed data of step 150 is greater than the reference value, the step of maintaining the altitude of 90 degrees and proceeds to step 110 again 310, the solar heat collecting and power generation system for solar Tracking device.

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