CN103399580A - Solar tracking system for Zigbee application - Google Patents
Solar tracking system for Zigbee application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103399580A CN103399580A CN2013102608089A CN201310260808A CN103399580A CN 103399580 A CN103399580 A CN 103399580A CN 2013102608089 A CN2013102608089 A CN 2013102608089A CN 201310260808 A CN201310260808 A CN 201310260808A CN 103399580 A CN103399580 A CN 103399580A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar tracking system for Zigbee application, belonging to the technical field of mobile communication. The solar tracking system is composed of a remote server, Zigbee members, a mechanical system and a circuit system, wherein the mechanical system and the circuit system are mounted on all the Zigbee members, the circuit system includes a solar generating panel, the mechanical system enables the solar generating panel to rotate in a three-dimensional space, and the circuit system serves the mechanical system and provides a plug-and-play function of an external sensor. The solar tracking system has the advantages that luminous energy is fully utilized, a horizontal rotation device and a vertical rotation device of the mechanical system employ a worm and worm wheel structure with a self locking function, and capability of resisting strong wind is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the mobile communication technology field, particularly relate to the technology that in the Internet of Things application, solar tracking system is followed the tracks of transportation equipment.
Background technology
The high speed development of technology of Internet of things leads people to move towards the wisdom epoch.To the various signals of physical world, the quickening that information is explored paces, the use amount of various sensors rapidly increases along with people.As a rule, people wish: sensor can work long hours and not need to change battery, the signal of sensor collection can teletransmission not need to artificially collect to given server, can the Long-distance Control sensor and do not need manual maintenance, dissimilar sensor plug and play and need not be that the interface disunity is worried, installation of sensors is convenient, with low cost etc.
The work of sensor be unable to do without electric energy, and short time work just can solve the sensor powerup issue with dry cell.Yet sensor wants continuous working to reach the several months, will face the problem of changing battery midway, if be equipped with high capacity cell to sensor, can cause the wasting of resources again.If the sensor continuous working several years, power supply will be a more severe problem so.Solar panel can solve the powerup issue of sensor, and still, the simple solar panel efficiency of light energy utilization is low, wants to meet the power consumption demand of sensor, and the area of plate just has to increase, and this will cause installs inconvenience, the wasting of resources etc.
At present, solar tracking system on the market bulky, tracking mode mostly adopts light sensor mostly, according to the numerical value of light sensor collection, adjust the angle of solar energy tracking device, repeatedly sample and repeatedly after adjustment, could aim at the sun, flow process is loaded down with trivial details, capacity usage ratio is low.And function singleness, only have function of supplying power, and long-range user can't obtain the information such as the duty, battery electric quantity of solar energy tracking device, more can't carry out Long-distance Control to it.In addition, in Internet of Things, sensor is of a great variety, interface is various, and it is a hard work that system is disposed.
In order to address the above problem, a kind of based on astronomical control algolithm, have the data wireless teletransmission, facilitate Long-distance Control, sensor adopts unified interface standard, sensor plug and play, and the solar tracking system in novel internet of things oriented field is imperative.
Summary of the invention
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the solar tracking system of a kind of internet of things oriented application, by remote server, Internet of Things member and the mechanical system and the Circuits System that are arranged on belongings networking member, formed.
Mechanical system by base, support post, rotor, lower bearing, head bearing, horizontal rotation apparatus, vertical rotary device and to day plate form; Support post from bottom to top, is fixed wtih the inner ring of base, lower bearing, the inner ring of gamp tooth, inner ring and the upper bracket of head bearing successively; Two ends, rotor up and down are separately fixed on the outer ring of head bearing and lower bearing; Small bevel gear and gamp tooth are at the rotor internal gearing, and the small bevel gear rotating shaft is stretched out rotor with horizontal direction; In the small bevel gear rotating shaft, cover has lining, lining to be fixed on the barrel of rotor, and the combination reduction gear ratio of gamp tooth and small bevel gear is 1:2; Lower turbine is fixed on the end points place of the outside small bevel gear rotating shaft of rotor; Lower worm screw is fixed in the rotating shaft of lower stepper motor, and with lower turbine interlock; Lower stepper motor is fixed on the outside of rotor by lower support; Lower stepper motor drives lower worm screw and lower turbine rotation, makes rotor around support post 360 degree rotations; Upper stepper motor is fixed on the outside on rotor top by upper frame; On upper stepper motor output shaft, install worm screw, upper worm gear and upper scroll bar interlock, upper turbine inner ring is fixed on the middle part of the pitching rack shaft of level; Two pitching supports are separately fixed at the two ends of pitching rack shaft; To day plate be fixed on the pitching support, to day the plate upper surface solar panel, lithium battery and Circuits System are installed; Upper stepper motor drives upper turbine and the rotation of upper worm screw, can make to day plate from the clockwise Rotate Right of surface level.
Circuits System is comprised of solar panel, charging module, lithium battery, battery management module, stepper motor driver module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module and central processing unit; Central processing unit is responsible for the operation of stepper motor driver module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module, charging module and battery management module.
Solar panel receives sun power, is converted to electric energy, is the energy source of lithium battery; The electric energy that charging module receives the solar panel conversion is lithium cell charging; Battery management module is battery management chip, and the protection lithium battery prevents from overcharging, overcurrent and short circuit, detects battery dump energy, and estimating system cruising time, for control algolithm provides information; Lithium battery provides electric energy for central processing unit; The stepper motor driver module, for Driving Stepping Motor, changes the direction to the day plate; The 3-axis acceleration module, for checking the elevation angle to the day plate, forms close-loop feedback with the stepper motor driver module; GPS module is used for obtaining local longitude and latitude, and for astronomical control algolithm provides raw data, GPS module can be communicated by letter with teleprocessing unit; Memory module is for the various information of storage system operational process; Wireless module is divided into short-distance wireless module and remote-wireless module, the RF transceiver that the short-distance wireless module adopts central processing unit to carry, and the remote-wireless module adopts the 3G module; The external sensor module is the bus protocol that sensor needs by the iic bus protocol conversion of central processing unit output.
Mechanical system makes solar panel rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and the external sensor plug-and-play feature is provided, unified IIC interface mode is adopted in external sensor module and central processing unit communication; External sensor is the sensor that adopts any communications protocol.
The information of belongings networking member's solar tracking system can pass to remote server by wireless network.
The Internet of Things member also can be arranged to the institutional framework form of a plurality of group members under a plurality of group leaders and each group leader, as group leader's solar tracking system, the group member's solar tracking system that is less than 254 be can manage, and remote-wireless module and short-distance wireless module are equipped with simultaneously; Group member's solar tracking system equipped with short range wireless module; Remote server can and be controlled the solar tracking system as group leader by the remote-wireless module monitors, as between group member's solar tracking system can by the short-distance wireless module intercourse information and with solar tracking system exchange message as group leader.
The external sensor module is comprised of interface, sensor processor and sensor, and interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on the Circuits System mainboard, and interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; Sensor processor is converted to by the bus protocol of Circuits System the bus protocol that sensor needs, and sensor can be the sensor of following any consensus standard.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the efficiency of light energy utilization is high, the sensor plug and play, be convenient to remote monitoring.Track algorithm adopts astronomical control algolithm, and precision is high, flow process is simple; Different sensors is connected with the Circuits System of solar tracking system with unified interface mode; The full detail of solar tracking system, comprise the value etc. of work at present state, battery dump energy, sensor can wireless remote transmission to server; Server can tele-control system, between system, also can intercourse information by wireless module.Because turbine and the worm structure with auto-lock function adopted in the design of the horizontal rotation apparatus of mechanical system and vertical rotary device, the ability of resisting high wind is strong.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 2 is mechanical system structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is communication network figure of the present invention.
In figure: 1. base; 2. upper bracket; 3. support post; 4. rotor; 5. lower bearing; 6. head bearing; 7. descend stepper motor; 8. lower support; 9. lining; 10. descend worm screw; 11. lower turbine; 12. small bevel gear rotating shaft; 13. small bevel gear; 14. gamp tooth; 15. upper stepper motor; 16. upper frame; 17. upper worm screw; 18. upper turbine; 19. pitching support; 20. pitching rack shaft; 21. to the day plate; 22 lithium batteries; 23. solar panel; 24. Circuits System.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
The solar tracking system of a kind of internet of things oriented application, be comprised of remote server, Internet of Things member and the mechanical system and the Circuits System that are arranged on belongings networking member.
Mechanical system by base 1, support post 3, rotor 4, lower bearing 5, head bearing 6, horizontal rotation apparatus, vertical rotary device and to day plate 21 form; Support post 3 from bottom to top, is fixed wtih the inner ring of base 1, lower bearing 5, the inner ring of gamp tooth 14, inner ring and the upper bracket 2 of head bearing 6 successively; Rotor is separately fixed on the outer ring of head bearing 6 and lower bearing 5 at two ends Shang Xia 4; Small bevel gear 13 is with gamp tooth 14 at rotor 4 internal gearings, and small bevel gear rotating shaft 12 is stretched out rotor 4 with horizontal direction; In small bevel gear rotating shaft 12, cover has lining 9, lining 9 to be fixed on the barrel of rotor 4, and gamp tooth 14 is 1:2 with the combination reduction gear ratio of small bevel gear 13; Lower turbine 11 is fixed on the end points place of the outside small bevel gear rotating shaft 12 of rotor 4; Lower worm screw 10 is fixed in the rotating shaft of lower stepper motor 7, and with lower turbine 11 interlocks; Lower stepper motor 7 is fixed on the outside of rotor 4 by lower support 8; Lower stepper motor 7 drives lower worm screw 10 and lower turbine 11 rotates, and makes rotor 4 around support post 3360 degree rotations; Upper stepper motor 15 is fixed on the outside on rotor 4 tops by upper frame 16; On upper stepper motor 15 output shafts, install worm screw 17, upper worm gear 18 and upper scroll bar 17 interlocks, upper turbine 18 inner rings are fixed on the middle part of the pitching rack shaft 20 of level; Two pitching supports 19 are separately fixed at the two ends of pitching rack shaft 20; To day plate 21 be fixed on pitching support 19, to day plate 21 upper surfaces solar panel 23, lithium battery 22 and Circuits System 24 are installed; Upper stepper motor 15 drives upper turbine 18 and 17 rotations of upper worm screw, can make to day plate 21 from the clockwise Rotate Right of surface level.
Circuits System is comprised of solar panel 23, charging module, lithium battery 22, battery management module, stepper motor driver module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module and central processing unit; Central processing unit is responsible for the operation of stepper motor driver module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module, charging module and battery management module.
Mechanical system makes solar panel 23 rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and the external sensor plug-and-play feature is provided, unified IIC interface mode is adopted in external sensor module and central processing unit communication; External sensor is the sensor that adopts any communications protocol.
The external sensor module is comprised of interface, sensor processor and sensor, and interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on the Circuits System mainboard, and interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; Sensor processor is converted to by the bus protocol of Circuits System the bus protocol that sensor needs, and sensor can be the sensor of following any consensus standard.
Charging module is the battery charging chip, is lithium cell charging, and selecting model is the battery charging chip of CN3063, and it is the lithium cell charging managing chip with solar cell for supplying power.
Battery management module is battery management chip, and the protection lithium battery prevents from overcharging, overcurrent and short circuit, detects battery dump energy, and estimating system cruising time, for control algolithm provides information; The chip of the selecting DS2762 that U.S. letter semiconductor company produces that serves as reasons.
The stepper motor driver module adopts stepper motor to drive chip, for Driving Stepping Motor, changes to day plate 21 direction; That the driving chip is selected is L297 and the L293DD that is produced by ST Microelectronics, and the former is used for producing the driving signal latter and amplifies driving signal.
The 3-axis acceleration module adopts 3-axis acceleration sensor, for checking to day plate 21 direction, with the stepper motor driver module, forms close-loop feedback; 3-axis acceleration sensor is selected MPU6050.
The stepper motor driver module according to the 3-axis acceleration module record to day plate 21 directions adjust stepper motors, and then adjust to day plate 21, make to day plate 21 aim at the sun.
The terrestrial magnetic field induction module adopts magnetic field sensor, and be used to checking terrestrial magnetic field, north and south, location, form close-loop feedback with the stepper motor driver module; When system is installed, only need to make to day plate roughly towards south, get final product, system is understood the auto-initiation initial orientation; Magnetic field sensor adopts HMC5583L.
GPS module adopts the GPS module, uses serial ports to communicate by letter with teleprocessing unit, and the GPS module can obtain longitude and the latitude of system infield, and these two data are that astronomical algorithm calculates sun altitude and azimuthal prerequisite.The pluggable purpose of design of module is cost-saving, because this module only works when first the installation; The model of GPS module is APM2.5NEO-6M.
Memory module adopts flash memory cards, for the various information of storage system operational process, as the value of the working condition of date, time, cell panel, battery dump energy, sensor etc.; Selecting the microSD card is storage medium, and it is a kind of superfine little flash memory cards, and what present most of mobile phones on the market used is exactly this card.
Wireless module is divided near radio module and remote-wireless module; Each solar tracking system contains the near radio module, the conduct " group member " that some conducts " group leader " have, like this when using a plurality of solar tracking systems as one group of use, can obtain group member's information or control the group member by group leader, reduce and control difficulty and reduce channel loading; The solar tracking system of only being group leader just contains the remote-wireless module, and its effect is as the gateway with server interaction, reduces costs.The short-distance wireless module has adopted the RF transceiver of the adaptation 2.4GHzIEEE802.15.4 that the CC2430 processor carries; The remote-wireless module adopts the 3G module.
Sensor assembly is converted to by the bus protocol of Circuits System the bus protocol that sensor needs; Sensor assembly is comprised of interface, sensor processor and sensor, interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on the Circuits System mainboard, the IIC agreement is followed in the communication of Circuits System, therefore sensor interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; Sensor processor is the bus protocol that sensor needs by the iic bus protocol conversion.The all the sensors interface adopts unified standard, plug and play.
Mechanical system makes solar panel 23 rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and the sensor plug and play is provided.
Workflow of the present invention is as follows:
A) installation system, insert the GPS module, inserts any sensor assembly.
B) electrifying startup, press reset key, blinking red lamp.
C) CPU reads the geographical location information of GPS module, deposits storer in, and red light extinguishes.
D) powered-down, remove the GPS module.
E) re-power the startup system.
F) the real-time numerical value of CPU base area magnetic field induction module, control horizontal rotation apparatus by the stepper motor driver module, make to day plate aim at Due South to.
H) CPU is according to the real-time numerical value of 3-axis acceleration module, by the stepper motor driver module, controls the vertical rotary device, make to day plate aim at directly over to.
I) CPU, according to the numerical value of self real-time clock, calculates current sun altitude and solar azimuth by astronomical algorithm.
J) CPU controls the horizontal and vertical whirligig by the stepper motor driver module, makes, to the day plate aligning sun, to be lithium cell charging.
K) function of CPU inquiry sensor, and deposit information in storer.
L) value of CPU polling sensor, and deposit information in storer.
M) if server is asked for the value of sensor in each " group member " to " group leader ", group leader is mutual by short-distance wireless module and group member, stores the value of collection into this locality, then by the remote-wireless module, sends to server.
N) if server sends control command, the remote-wireless module in " group leader " at first takes orders, and then analyzes order, the order of server is converted to the order of control " group member " and sends, to reach the control purpose.
Mainboard central processing unit CC2430 parameter configuration is as follows:
8051 microcontroller kernels of high-performance, low-power consumption;
The RF transceiver that adapts to 2.4GHz IEEE802.15.4;
High receiving sensitivity and interference free performance;
The 32/64/128KB flash memory;
8KB/s RAM, possess the data holding ability under various power supply modes;
Powerful DMA function;
Only need few outward element;
Only need a crystal, can meet the networking needs; Current drain little (when the microcontroller kernel operated in 32MHz, Rx was 27mA, and Tx is 25mA);
Under power-down mode, current drain only has 0.9uA, external interrupt or real time clock (RTC) energy waken system;
Under the hang-up mode, current drain is less than 0.6uA, external interrupt energy waken system;
The carrier sense multiple access (CSMA/CA) that hardware supported avoids conflict;
Supply voltage wide ranges (2.0～3.6V);
Support digitized received signal strength indicator device/link-quality indication (RSSI/LQI);
Battery monitor and temperature sensor;
Have 8～14 ADC of 8 tunnel inputs;
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) coprocessor;
2 USART that support multiple serial communication protocol;
House dog;
1 IEEE802.5.4 medium access is controlled (MAC) timer;
1 16 general and 28 bit timing device;
The support hardware debugging;
21 general purpose I/O pins, wherein 2 current absorption or electric current supply abilities with 20mA;
Powerful, developing instrument flexibly is provided;
Small size QLP48 encapsulation, 7mm * 7mm.
Claims (3)
1. the solar tracking system of internet of things oriented application, be comprised of remote server, Internet of Things member and the mechanical system and the Circuits System that are arranged on belongings networking member; It is characterized in that:
Mechanical system is by base (1), support post (3), rotor (4), lower bearing (5), head bearing (6), horizontal rotation apparatus, vertical rotary device and form to day plate (21); Support post (3) from bottom to top, is fixed wtih the inner ring of base (1), lower bearing (5), the inner ring of gamp tooth (14), inner ring and the upper bracket (2) of head bearing (6) successively; Two ends, rotor (4) up and down are separately fixed on the outer ring of head bearing (6) and lower bearing (5); Small bevel gear (13) is with gamp tooth (14) at rotor (4) internal gearing, and small bevel gear rotating shaft (12) is stretched out rotor (4) with horizontal direction; The upper cover of small bevel gear rotating shaft (12) has lining (9), and lining (9) is fixed on the barrel of rotor (4), and gamp tooth (14) is 1:2 with the combination reduction gear ratio of small bevel gear (13); Lower turbine (11) is fixed on the end points place of the outside small bevel gear rotating shaft (12) of rotor (4); Lower worm screw (10) is fixed in the rotating shaft of lower stepper motor (7), and with lower turbine (11) interlock; Lower stepper motor (7) is fixed on the outside of rotor (4) by lower support (8); Lower stepper motor (7) drives lower worm screw (10) and lower turbine (11) rotates, and makes rotor (4) around support post (3) 360 degree rotations; Upper stepper motor (15) is fixed on the outside on rotor (4) top by upper frame (16); On upper stepper motor (15) output shaft, install worm screw (17), upper worm gear (18) and upper scroll bar (17) interlock, upper turbine (18) inner ring is fixed on the middle part of the pitching rack shaft (20) of level; Two pitching supports (19) are separately fixed at the two ends of pitching rack shaft (20); To day plate (21), be fixed on pitching support (19) upper, to day plate (21) upper surface, solar panel (23), lithium battery (22) and Circuits System (24) be installed; In upper stepper motor (15) drive, turbine (18) and upper worm screw (17) rotation, can make to day plate (21) from the clockwise Rotate Right of surface level;
Circuits System is comprised of solar panel (23), charging module, lithium battery (22), battery management module, stepper motor driver module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module and central processing unit; Central processing unit is responsible for the operation of stepper motor driver module, 3-axis acceleration module, terrestrial magnetic field induction module, GPS module, wireless module, memory module, charging module and battery management module;
Solar panel (23) receives sun power, is converted to electric energy, is the energy source of lithium battery; The electric energy that charging module receives solar panel (23) conversion is lithium cell charging; Battery management module is battery management chip, and the protection lithium battery prevents from overcharging, overcurrent and short circuit, detects battery dump energy, and estimating system cruising time, for control algolithm provides information; Lithium battery provides electric energy for central processing unit; The stepper motor driver module, for Driving Stepping Motor, changes the direction to day plate (21); The 3-axis acceleration module, for checking the elevation angle to day plate (21), forms close-loop feedback with the stepper motor driver module; GPS module is used for obtaining local longitude and latitude, and for astronomical control algolithm provides raw data, GPS module can be communicated by letter with teleprocessing unit; Memory module is for the various information of storage system operational process; Wireless module is divided into short-distance wireless module and remote-wireless module, the RF transceiver that the short-distance wireless module adopts central processing unit to carry, and the remote-wireless module adopts the 3G module; The external sensor module is the bus protocol that sensor needs by the iic bus protocol conversion of central processing unit output;
Mechanical system makes solar panel (23) rotate at three dimensions; Circuits System servounit system and the external sensor plug-and-play feature is provided, unified IIC interface mode is adopted in external sensor module and central processing unit communication; External sensor is the sensor that adopts any communications protocol;
The information of belongings networking member's solar tracking system can pass to remote server by wireless network.
2. the solar tracking system of internet of things oriented according to claim 1 application, it is characterized in that, the external sensor module is comprised of interface, sensor processor and sensor, interface is used for being connected with the sensor adaptable interface on the Circuits System mainboard, interface is a Four wire plug, comprises power lead, ground wire, clock line and data line; Sensor processor is converted to by the bus protocol of Circuits System the bus protocol that sensor needs, and sensor can be the sensor of following any consensus standard.
3. the solar tracking system of internet of things oriented according to claim 1 application, it is characterized in that the Internet of Things member can be arranged to the institutional framework form of a plurality of group members under a plurality of group leaders and each group leader, as group leader's solar tracking system, the group member's solar tracking system that is less than 254 be can manage, and remote-wireless module and short-distance wireless module are equipped with simultaneously; Group member's solar tracking system equipped with short range wireless module; Remote server can and be controlled the solar tracking system as group leader by the remote-wireless module monitors, as between group member's solar tracking system can by the short-distance wireless module intercourse information and with solar tracking system exchange message as group leader.
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| CN201310260808.9A CN103399580B (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2013-06-26 | A kind of solar tracking system of internet of things oriented application |
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| CN201310260808.9A CN103399580B (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2013-06-26 | A kind of solar tracking system of internet of things oriented application |
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| CN110286697A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-09-27 | 沈阳信元瑞科技有限公司 | Double dimension solar tracking solar energy equipments |
| CN113110231A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-13 | 深圳市中装建设集团股份有限公司 | Building energy monitoring control system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103399580B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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