CN207474474U - 柔性太阳能电池组件 - Google Patents

柔性太阳能电池组件 Download PDF

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CN207474474U
CN207474474U CN201721757407.4U CN201721757407U CN207474474U CN 207474474 U CN207474474 U CN 207474474U CN 201721757407 U CN201721757407 U CN 201721757407U CN 207474474 U CN207474474 U CN 207474474U
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flexible solar
conductive lead
lead wire
battery pack
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龙巍
萧吉宏
江湖
连重炎
舒毅
曲铭浩
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Miasole Equipment Integration Fujian Co Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种柔性太阳能电池组件,包括多个电池芯片,每个电池芯片的上表面设置有导电引线,所述电池芯片的上表面的一侧边缘设置有接触电极;所述电池芯片的下表面设置有金属衬底;所述导电引线的一端与所述接触电极相连,所述导电引线的另一端与所述金属衬底可导电地连接;一个电池芯片的金属衬底压接在与其相邻的电池芯片的接触电极上。本实用新型提供的柔性太阳能电池组件,将导电引线和接触电极直接制备在电池芯片上,增加了受光面积,提高了转换效率,由于互联时,仅需将电池芯片顺序摆放,操作简单,提高了生产效率。

Description

柔性太阳能电池组件
技术领域
本实用新型涉及太阳能电池技术领域,尤其涉及一种柔性太阳能电池组件。
背景技术
目前,柔性光伏组件制备过程中,需要将单独的电池芯片互联成串,然后在前板和背板等层压形成完整的太阳能电池,电池芯片的互联技术直接影响到太阳能电池的转换效率。
现有的互联技术主要有两种:一是单片集成方式,如图1所示,电池芯片100从上至下依次包括金属衬底200、第一电极300、吸收层400和第二电极500,生产时,将第一电极300制备在金属衬底200上,并在第一电极300上刻第一槽,然后在第一电极300上制备吸收层,并在吸收层400上刻第二槽,再在吸收层400上制备第二电极500,第二电极500上刻第三槽。并且,吸收层400上的凸起卡进第一槽中,第二电极500上的凸起卡进第二槽中,即在生产过程中通过每组3道刻槽(激光刻槽或机械刻槽)方式实现电池的互联,每组刻槽之间的距离(即节宽)决定最终的输出电流电压;二是使用金属线网及辅助材料将预先分割的电池芯片互联,如图2所示,从上至下依次为预先分割的电池芯片600、第一透明高分子材料700、金属线网800和第二透明高分子材料900,相邻的预先分割的电池芯片600通过第一透明高分子材料700互联,金属线网800在预先分割的电池芯片600的内部互联,电池芯片的面积及串并联组合决定最终的输出电流电压。
但上述两种方法分别存在以下问题:
1.单片集成互联技术每组3条刻槽之间的区域是对发电无贡献的“死区”,如图1所示,“死区”占据的面积取决于刻槽的间距及数量。由于“死区”部分不发电,组件全面积转换效率因此而降低;
2.单片集成互联技术利用了绝大部分镀膜面积,由于大面积镀膜均匀性控制难度大且边缘随机性较高,实际生产中固定的节宽容易造成输出电流的不匹配,串联的限流效应导致转换效率受到影响;
3.预先分割的电池芯片可以部分改善大面积镀膜不均匀性带来的负面影响,但互联所需的金属线网和辅助材料(通常是透明高分子材料)需要单独生产,组合后的尺寸(主要是宽度)造成柔性太阳能电池组件尺寸受限,大大降低了生产的灵活性;金属线网的编织及与辅助材料的组合需要专门设备实现,增加了生产线设备、工艺、物料及质量管控的复杂性;
4.由于金属线网的基本单位——金属导线横截面接近圆形,与柔性太阳能电池组件表面接触面积小,接触电阻较大,造成组件串联电阻偏大,输出功率损失较多;此外,在层压过程中导线承受较大层压压力,与柔性太阳能电池组件表面接触处压强很大,容易造成膜层开裂、塌陷,引起内部短路,损失输出功率的同时还会带来热斑、绝缘失效等风险;如果金属导线存在交叉,交叉处对柔性太阳能电池组件的表面造成的损伤更为严重;
5.金属线网的辅助材料(透明高分子材料和粘接胶)由于自身透光性原因,会造成一部分电流损失;此外,长期在户外使用时,由于紫外线照射,辅助材料容易产生浑浊、黄变等老化现象,透光性进一步恶化;不仅如此,长期户外使用的温度周期性变化作用下,由于辅助材料热膨胀系数大于柔性太阳能电池组件本身的热膨胀系数,冷热交替会造成显著应力作用,容易引发辅材料之间甚至柔性太阳能电池组件内部的膜层分离,造成外观不良和电性能的衰减。
实用新型内容
本实用新型提供了一种柔性太阳能电池组件,以解决上述问题,增加了受光面积,提高了转换效率,操作简单,提高了生产效率。
本实用新型提供了一种柔性太阳能电池组件,包括:
多个电池芯片,每个电池芯片的上表面设置有导电引线,所述电池芯片的上表面的一侧边缘设置有接触电极;所述电池芯片的下表面设置有金属衬底;
所述导电引线的一端与所述接触电极相连,所述导电引线的另一端与所述金属衬底可导电地连接;
一个电池芯片的金属衬底压接在与其相邻的电池芯片的接触电极上。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述导电引线为金属引线。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述接触电极为金、银、铜、铝、镍、钛、钒、铬、钼、钯、铂或锌中的一种或多种制成。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述导电引线通过导电胶带粘贴在所述电池芯片上。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述接触电极通过丝网印刷或者喷墨打印印制到所述电池芯片上。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述导电引线的宽度为10至100微米,高度为10至50微米。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述导电引线的数量为多个。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,多个所述导电引线成条状或者网格状分布。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述接触电极的形状为长方形,所述接触电极的长度与所述电池芯片的长度相同。
如上所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其中,优选的是,所述接触电极的形状为多个依次衔接的椭圆形。
本实用新型提供的柔性太阳能电池组件包括多个电池芯片,每个电池芯片的上表面设置有导电引线,所述电池芯片的上表面的一侧边缘设置有接触电极;所述电池芯片的下表面设置有金属衬底;所述导电引线的一端与所述接触电极相连,所述导电引线的另一端与所述金属衬底可导电地连接;一个电池芯片的金属衬底压接在与其相邻的电池芯片的接触电极上。本实用新型提供的柔性太阳能电池组件,将导电引线和接触电极直接制备在电池芯片上,增加了受光面积,提高了转换效率,由于互联时,仅需将电池芯片顺序摆放,操作简单,提高了生产效率。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中单片集成的电池芯片的结构示意图;
图2为现有技术中预先分割的电池芯片的互联的结构示意图;
图3为本实用新型实施例提供的柔性太阳能电池组件的结构示意图;
图4为本实用新型实施例提供的柔性太阳能电池组件的一种电池芯片的结构示意图;
图5为本实用新型实施例提供的柔性太阳能电池组件的另一种电池芯片的结构示意图。
附图标记说明:
现有技术:
100-电池芯片 200-金属衬底 300-第一电极
400-吸收层 500-第二电极
600-预先分割的电池芯片 700-第一透明高分子材料
800-金属线网 900-第二透明高分子材料
本实用新型:
10-电池芯片 20-导电引线 30-接触电极
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本实用新型的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本实用新型,而不能解释为对本实用新型的限制。
如图3至图5所示,本实用新型实施例提供的柔性太阳能电池组件包括多个电池芯片10。
电池芯片10的上表面设置有导电引线20,电池芯片10的上表面的一侧边缘设置有接触电极30;电池芯片10的下表面设置有金属衬底;导电引线20的一端与接触电极30相连,导电引线20的另一端与金属衬底可导电地连接;一个电池芯片10的金属衬底压接在与其相邻的电池芯片10的接触电极30上。
本实用新型实施例提供的柔性太阳能电池组件,将导电引线20和接触电极30直接制备在电池芯片10上,不存在死区,增加了受光面积,因此提高了转换效率;并且无需提前设置金属线网和粘接胶等材料,避免了由于金属网线的压力造成的柔性太阳能电池组件表面及内部膜层损伤,提高了可靠性;同时消除了由于紫外老化和温度循环造成的粘接胶等辅助材料失效风险和应力作用,有利于柔性太阳能电池组件在户外长期使用,延长了使用寿命;并且显著降低了生产线设备、工艺、物料及质量管控的复杂性。
另外,由于互联时,仅需将电池芯片10顺序摆放,第二个电池芯片10的下表面压在第一个电池芯片10的上表面的接触电极30上,第三个电池芯片10的下表面压在第二个电池芯片10的上表面的接触电极30上,依次摆放即可,操作简单提高了生产效率。由于电池芯片10的下表面为金属衬底,因此,电池芯片10的下表面压接在相邻的电池芯片10的接触电极30上,简单方便的实现了电池芯片10的互联。
具体地,导电引线20为金属引线。优选地,导电引线20为金、银、铜、铝、镍、钛、钒、铬、钼、钯、铂和锌中的一种或多种制成。为了降低成本,可以选择铜等成本较低的金属。
具体地,接触电极30为金、银、铜、铝、镍、钛、钒、铬、钼、钯、铂或锌中的一种或多种制成。为了降低成本,可以选择铜等成本较低的金属。
而导电引线20通过导电胶带粘贴在电池芯片10上。优选地,导电引线20也可以通过加掩膜的磁控溅射、加掩膜的真空蒸镀、丝网印刷、喷墨打印或者光诱导电镀等方式制备在电池芯片10上,本领域技术人员可以根据需要进行选择。
进一步地,接触电极30通过丝网印刷或者喷墨打印制备到电池芯片10上。优选地,接触电极30也可以通过导电胶带粘贴、加掩膜的磁控溅射、加掩膜的真空蒸镀或者光诱导电镀等方式制备在电池芯片10上,本领域技术人员可以根据需要进行选择。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是,导电引线20的数量优选为多个,并且多个导电引线20可以分布成任意形状,本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况进行设计。并且单根引线的宽度为10至100微米,高度为10至50微米,其长度需要根据电池芯片10的具体尺寸进行设计,以能占满电池芯片10的上表面上布置导电引线20的部分为准。
请参考图2,图2中示出了导电引线20成条状分布,从图2中可见,导电引线20的一端与接触电极30相连,另一端向远离接触电极30的方向延伸,并且延伸至电池芯片10的第一长侧边;接触电极30为长方形,接触电极30的长度与电池芯片10的长度相同,接触电极30的宽度需要根据电池芯片10的宽度和导电引线20的长度确定,具体地,接触电极30的宽度为电池芯片10的宽度与导电引线20的长度之差。
请参考图3,图3中示出了导电引线20成网格状分布,从图3中可见,多个导电引线20交汇成网格状,接触电极30的形状为多个椭圆依次衔接形成。椭圆状的接触电极30一方面较为节省材料,另外一等方面其集电效果相较于长方形而言更高效。
当然,导电引线20和接触电极30可以设置成任意需要的形状,从而便于根据不同用户的不同需求,设置不同的电池芯片10,提了电池芯片10的通用性。
为了进一步节省材料,在一个优选实施例中,可以将导电引线20设置为长条状,将接触电极30设置为椭圆状。
在又一优选实施例中,可以将导电引线20设置为倾斜条纹状,将接触电极30设置为菱形状。
最后,需要说明的是,柔性太阳能电池组件的尺寸(电池长,电池宽)可根据设计的电流电压进行优化,柔性太阳能电池组件的电压为单片电池芯片10的电压乘以电池芯片10的数量,电流为单片电池芯片10的电流乘以电池芯片10的数量,电流正比于柔性太阳能电池组件的上表面未被金属引线和接触电极30遮挡的面积,约等于(柔性太阳能电池组件宽-接触电极30宽)×电池长。
接触电极30的宽度可根据柔性太阳能电池组件的下表面的衬底的电导率进行优化,衬底电导率越高,接触电极30的宽度就可以做得越窄。导电引线20的密度(导电引线20的数量/厘米)可根据柔性太阳能电池组件的上表面的方块电阻进行优化,电池正面方块电阻越小,导电引线20密度可以做得越低。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要灵活设定。
以上依据图式所示的实施例详细说明了本实用新型的构造、特征及作用效果,以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例,但本实用新型不以图面所示限定实施范围,凡是依照本实用新型的构想所作的改变,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例,仍未超出说明书与图示所涵盖的精神时,均应在本实用新型的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,包括:
多个电池芯片,每个电池芯片的上表面设置有导电引线,所述电池芯片的上表面的一侧边缘设置有接触电极;所述电池芯片的下表面设置有金属衬底;
所述导电引线的一端与所述接触电极相连,所述导电引线的另一端与所述金属衬底可导电地连接;
一个电池芯片的金属衬底压接在与其相邻的电池芯片的接触电极上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述导电引线为金属引线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述接触电极为金、银、铜、铝、镍、钛、钒、铬、钼、钯、铂或锌中的一种或多种制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述导电引线通过导电胶带粘贴在所述电池芯片上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述接触电极通过丝网印刷或者喷墨打印印制到所述电池芯片上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述导电引线的宽度为10至100微米,高度为10至50微米。
7.根据权利要求1所述的性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述导电引线的数量为多个。
8.根据权利要求7所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,多个所述导电引线成条状或者网格状分布。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述接触电极的形状为长方形,所述接触电极的长度与所述电池芯片的长度相同。
10.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的柔性太阳能电池组件,其特征在于,所述接触电极的形状为多个依次衔接的椭圆形。
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CN111952405A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-11-17 汉能移动能源控股集团有限公司 太阳能芯片串的连接方法

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CN102683437A (zh) * 2011-03-18 2012-09-19 陕西众森电能科技有限公司 一种太阳电池电极结构、以及太阳电池串联方法
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WO2019114242A1 (zh) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-20 米亚索乐装备集成(福建)有限公司 柔性太阳能电池组件
CN111952405A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-11-17 汉能移动能源控股集团有限公司 太阳能芯片串的连接方法
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