CN207298000U - 平衡阀 - Google Patents

平衡阀 Download PDF

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CN207298000U
CN207298000U CN201720928923.2U CN201720928923U CN207298000U CN 207298000 U CN207298000 U CN 207298000U CN 201720928923 U CN201720928923 U CN 201720928923U CN 207298000 U CN207298000 U CN 207298000U
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upstream
downstream
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tubular element
check valve
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A·M·库奇尼尔洛
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Watts Regulator Co
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G01F1/44Venturi tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/12Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with streamlined valve member around which the fluid flows when the valve is opened
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/02Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/025Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F16K15/026Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring the valve member being a movable body around which the medium flows when the valve is open
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/02Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/06Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems
    • F16K15/063Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/0209Check valves or pivoted valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/60Handles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0008Mechanical means
    • F16K37/0016Mechanical means having a graduated scale
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0025Electrical or magnetic means
    • F16K37/005Electrical or magnetic means for measuring fluid parameters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/20Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
    • G01F1/32Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters
    • G01F1/325Means for detecting quantities used as proxy variables for swirl
    • G01F1/3259Means for detecting quantities used as proxy variables for swirl for detecting fluid pressure oscillations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/363Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction with electrical or electro-mechanical indication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/366Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction with mechanical or fluidic indication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/38Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction the pressure or differential pressure being measured by means of a movable element, e.g. diaphragm, piston, Bourdon tube or flexible capsule
    • G01F1/383Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction the pressure or differential pressure being measured by means of a movable element, e.g. diaphragm, piston, Bourdon tube or flexible capsule with electrical or electro-mechanical indication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G01F1/42Orifices or nozzles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/86Indirect mass flowmeters, e.g. measuring volume flow and density, temperature or pressure
    • G01F1/88Indirect mass flowmeters, e.g. measuring volume flow and density, temperature or pressure with differential-pressure measurement to determine the volume flow
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/005Valves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D7/00Control of flow
    • G05D7/01Control of flow without auxiliary power
    • G05D7/0126Control of flow without auxiliary power the sensing element being a piston or plunger associated with one or more springs
    • G05D7/0133Control of flow without auxiliary power the sensing element being a piston or plunger associated with one or more springs within the flow-path
    • G05D7/014Control of flow without auxiliary power the sensing element being a piston or plunger associated with one or more springs within the flow-path using sliding elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means
    • Y10T137/8326Fluid pressure responsive indicator, recorder or alarm

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种平衡阀,用于调节在管道内部沿纵向流动方向(X‑X)从上游到下游流动的流体(Fin,Fout)的流量,其包括:单向阀(40)和模拟文丘里管的管状元件(30),所述单向阀和所述管状元件分别沿所述流体的所述纵向流动方向(X‑X)从上游到下游同轴连接;用于检测所述单向阀内部发生的压差(Δp)的检测装置(50);阀(60),用于调节在所述管道内部流动的所述流体的所述流量;其中:所述检测装置(50)布置在所述单向阀(40)的第一上游室(20)的内部和所述管状元件(30)的中心圆柱形部分(33)的内部之间。该平衡阀应该能够覆盖测量范围,进而覆盖非常广泛的调节范围,范围从低流量值到高流量值。

Description

平衡阀
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种用于调节多管道中流体分布的平衡阀。
背景技术
已知的是,在涉及多管道中流体分布的技术行业,例如加热装置中的各种分支管道,需要适当和精确地测量和调节在管道每段流动的流体流量。
为了测量流体流量,US 2002/101355A1公开了一种流量传感器装置,其具有单向阀,该单向阀包括通过传感器响应于流体流动移动的移动板,以及用于将所述板向传感器入口偏压的偏压装置;为了测量所述装置内部的流量,设置用于感测移动板的移动并产生与其位置有关的信号的传感器装置。移动板由可磁化材料构成,并且传感器装置包括邻近移动板行进路径布置的钢材质接近传感器,用于感测移动板的位置。
US 2002/101355 A1还教导了测量位于单向阀上游的旁路端口中一点处的流量以及在单向阀下游同轴连接的中央旁路端口中一点处的压力。
为了适当且准确地调节在管道的每段中流动的流体流量,还已知的是,阀门用于拦截和调节可施加到管道上的流动,所述阀门设置有用于调节流量的装置,流量测量通过辅助仪器执行,如:
-测量装置,用于测量与所述阀门相关联的压差的装置,并且能够检测分别在所述阀门闭合构件的下游(管道)和上游(阀门)的两点之间的压差Δp,并将检测到的测量值传送到:
-阀门外部的处理仪器,例如便携式计算机等,它们必然提供给工厂维护工程师,并且成本高昂且不适合用于诸如那些有锅炉和/或流体分配设备的环境中。
这些装置具有许多缺点,其基本上限制了它们的效率和易用性;特别地,由于测量值由等式Δp=Q2/Kv2(Q=流量;Kv=质量流量)确定,为了精确测量,仪器需要知道阀门的许多固有特性,尤其是其通过阀门模型识别的配置,其确定阀能够产生的Kv的数值范围,以及闭合构件的位置,其在可能的数值范围内确定Kv的当前值。
除此之外,阀门的工作原理基于复杂的逐次近似程序,一旦所需的流量数值Q已固定,设想通过特殊校准的旋钮对闭合构件的位置进行第一次调节,对Δp第一次读数,将测量值发送到外部仪器,并且计算和显示流量Q;由于检测到的流量不是那么期望的,所以需要重复整个循环,根据需要尽可能多地改变阀门的打开/关闭,以获得期望的结果。
还已知的是,形成三功能组件的阀门,三功能组件使用布置在上游自动单向阀和下游/上游手动调节阀之间的文丘里管进行压差Δp的测量。
这些阀门的一个示例在EP 1835209中进行了描述,其中用于测量压差的仪器,使用成熟技术在上游连接到文丘里管的具有较大横截面的第一部分,并且在下游连接到文丘里管的具有较窄横截面的中心部分。以这种方式,测量仪器检测对应于当流体从文氏管较大的横截面到较小的横截面流动时在流体运动中发生的压力变化的Δp值。因此,仪器仅仅测量文丘里管单独产生的与平方流量Q(Δp:Q2)成比例的Δp值。
这一配置使用在文丘里管上测量的Δp值用于间接评估流量,产生与文丘里管的典型值相对应的有限变化幅度值(调节比),对于仪器能够测量的最大值Δpmax与最小值Δpmin之间的比值所述有限变化幅度值接近5:1。
这一有限变化幅度值例如在适当的比值为25:1的典型的水洁应用的情况下,明显是不够的。
尽管完成了其功能,这些公知的阀门因此存在缺点,因为它们可通过仪器测量的最大流量和最小流量之间的比值较少(也称为“变化幅度”或“调节比”)。
这意味着在实践中,已知的测量仪器必然专门用于由相应的满标值确定的具体测量范围。
因此,适用于测量高流量的仪器不适用于测量低流量,反之亦然;这导致随后需要增加可以使用的平衡阀类型,进而需要增加仓库管理设备,在设计阶段期间进行细致的规划,并且因此增加了阀门最终的整体成本。
实用新型内容
因此,提出的技术问题是提供用于平衡在管道内部流动的流体流量的阀门,该阀门应该能够覆盖测量范围,进而覆盖非常广泛的调节范围,范围从低流量值到高流量值。
关于这个问题,还要求阀门应该简单且实施成本低廉,并且不应该要求昂贵的外部仪器,从而还允许非专业用户通过简单易用的操作进行调整。
此外,阀门不应该在流动中引起过分的水头损失,从而不会降低其效率,并且不应该受到污染,随着时间的推移,污染会降低显示用于确定调节的测量值的刻度的清晰度。
根据本实用新型,这些结果通过根据下文所公开的主题名称的阀门得到。
平衡阀,用于调节在管道内部沿纵向流动方向X-X从上游到下游流动的流体Fin、Fout的流量,其特征在于,包括:单向阀和模拟文丘里管的管状元件,所述单向阀和所述管状元件分别沿所述流体的所述纵向流动方向X-X从上游到下游同轴连接;用于检测压差的检测装置,布置成检测所述单向阀上游并与之连通的第一室的内部和所述管状元件的中心圆柱形部分的内部之间所述单向阀内部发生的压差Δp;阀门,用于调节在所述管道内部流动的所述流体的所述流量。
根据所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述单向阀包括具有与上游的第一室连通的上游开口的,适当外径的大致圆柱形主体;和下游开口,在流体的推力作用下或在相反方向上弹簧的推力作用下,能够沿所述纵向方向X-X的两个方向平移的闭合构件插入单向阀内。
根据所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述管状元件至少包括:截头圆锥形的第二部分,第二部分较大的基部指向上游,较小的基部指向下游;第三的中心圆柱形部分,中心圆柱形部分的横截面较小,基本上对应于截头圆锥形的第二部分较小的基部;具有截头圆锥形横截面的第四部分,第四部分较大的基部指向下游;第二部分、中心圆柱形部分和第四部分沿纵向方向X-X串联布置。
根据所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述管状元件包括:具有布置在截头圆锥形的所述第二部分的上游的给定横截面的第一圆柱形部分。
根据所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述管状元件包括第五部分,第五部分具有布置在截头圆锥形的所述第四部分的下游的圆柱形横截面,用于排出所述流体Fout。
根据所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述检测装置通过上游管道连接到上游的所述第一室并且通过下游管道连接到所述管状元件的所述中心圆柱形部分。
根据所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述检测装置包括显示检测到的所述压差Δp的值的刻度盘面。
附图说明
从下面参照附图提供的本实用新型主题实施例的非限制性示例的描述中,可以得到更多细节,其中:
图1:示出了根据本实用新型具有最小流量条件下调节阀的平衡阀示例的横截面图;
图2:示出了根据本实用新型具有最大流量条件下调节阀的平衡阀示例的横截面图;
图3:示出了可以用根据本实用新型的阀门能够实施的调节测量图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示并且假设仅为了便于描述并且没有任何限制意义,一对参考轴分别具有平行于流体的流动方向并且正交于前述方向的横向/径向Y-Y的纵向方向X-X,对应于用于进入流体Fin的部分的上游部分,和与前述部分相对并且对应于用于流体Fout流出的部分的下游部分,根据本实用新型用于调节管道中流体F的流量Q的阀门主要包括:
-轴向延伸组件,包括:
第一上游部分,由用于测量压差Δp的仪器组成,和第二下游部分,由调节阀组成,这两个部分沿纵向轴向X-X延伸并进入管状体100中。
具体来讲:
管状体100在其内部形成有:
-第一轴向部分L,沿纵向方向X-X分成彼此串联布置的相应长度L0和L1的两个部分,并且从上游到下游包括:
-)第一圆柱形腔室20,具有给定内径d20,在上游开口21a和下游开口21b之间延伸;
-)单向阀40,其包括具有外径d40的大致圆柱形主体41,使得其可以同轴地插入腔室20内部;圆柱形主体41具有与第一上游室20连通的上游开口41a,和与模拟文丘里管的第二室30连通的下游开口41b;单向阀内部容纳可在纵向方向X-X的两个方向上移动的闭合构件43,并且包括被设计成干涉以闭合/打开单向阀上游开口41a的头部43a,和与头部43a一体的柄部43b。
闭合构件在纵向X-X上的移动优选地由与单向阀40的主体41的前下游表面成一体的凸起42引导,并且柄部43b在凸起42内部滑动。
弹簧44同轴地布置在引导凸块42和闭合构件的头部43a之间,并且被校准从而为闭合构件的滑动进而为上游孔21a的打开提供适当的阻力。
-第二室30,其从上游到下游至少包括:
·具有截头圆锥形32的第二部分,其较大的基部位于上游,
第三中心圆柱形部分33,其横截面较小,基本上对应于第二部分32较小的基部并且,如图1的示例所示,小于第一上游室20的直径d20
·可选地,具有截头圆锥形横截面的第四部分34,其较大的基部指向下游。
还优选设想以下方面:
·具有给定横截面的第一圆柱形部分31和/或
·具有圆柱形横截面的第五部分35,用于排出流体Fout
形成腔室30的所述组部分基本上模拟文丘里管,其上游孔连接到单向阀的下游开口41b,并且其下游孔形成用于来自测量仪器的流体Fout的出口。
-用于检测在与单向阀40的上游开口连通的第一上游室20和第二室30的中心圆柱形部分33之间发生的压差Δp的检测装置50。
检测装置50通过上游管51连接到上游室20并且通过下游管连接到第二室30的中心圆柱形部分33,并且包括刻度盘面53,在示例示出的模拟量,用于指示检测到的压差值Δp。
通过使用上游管51和下游管52连接的这种布置,仪器能够检测通过由单向阀20和文氏管30组成的组件的压力变化。
在检测装置50的下游,流量调节阀60相对于文丘里管轴向地施加并且包括基座61,闭合构件62在基座61上作用以打开和关闭基座61,所述闭合构件由旋钮63操作,旋钮63能够由操作员旋转操作。
通过使用这一配置,根据本实用新型的用于平衡流量的阀门工作原理如下:
-管状部分10插入必须确定其内部流动流体流量的管段(未示出)内部;
-流体流Fin通过调节阀60打开,并且以压力P1进入第一室20然后进入单向阀40,该压力P1在闭合件43上产生推力,克服弹簧44的力并且打开单向阀;
-一旦单向阀40打开,流体就流过它,从下游开口41b流出,进入仪器的第二部分30,其中流体经受文丘里管的部分32,33,34的尺寸产生的压缩/膨胀;在这些阶段期间,所产生的速度和压力的变化具有基本零平衡,特别是中心圆柱形部分33中的压力值P2,中心圆柱形部分33的直径小于第一室20的直径,第一室20连接到检测装置50的下游管52。
检测装置50检测压差Δp=P2-P1,在刻度盘面53上提供其数值指示。
通过Δp值指示,可以以技术参考行业中建立的常规方式参阅示出与测量仪器相关联的流量Q与压差Δp的图(图3),并精确地得到在管道内部流动的流体流量。
闭合构件43的位移根据在阀门内部流动的流体流量而变化。
如图2所示,流体Fin流量的任何增加在闭合构件43上产生更大的推力,闭合构件43克服弹簧44的阻力向下游移动,更完全地打开单向阀40,以允许较大的流体Fin通过;同时Δp=P2-P1值增加,并且其测量值显示在模拟刻度盘面53上。
从图3中可以看出,压差值的点的轨迹是曲线Δp,其总是由曲线Δpb和曲线Δpa的组合得到,曲线Δpb表示通过上游单向阀40的水头损失,而曲线Δpa表示可参照模拟文丘里管的下游部分30的压力变化;非常重要的是,尽管所得到的曲线Δp代表两个数值的组合,但是在小流量下,文丘里管对测量的贡献可以忽略不计,而在大流量下,由流过单向阀的流体提供的贡献变得可以忽略不计。
如果要调节流体流量,则此时调节阀60的旋钮63被操作以便更大地打开或关闭它,进而改变流量。
因此,根据本实用新型的平衡阀如何以简单、低成本和可靠的方式构造,并且能够以合适的精度测量和调节管道内部的流体流量是清楚的,即使其中小流量和大流量之间存在相当大的差异,并且不需要外部测量仪器,从而解决了现有技术的技术问题,其要求具有不同的满标值的不同仪器用于测量具有彼此非常不同的数值的流量。
此外,由于检测装置的刻度盘面没有流体通过,因此避免了刻度盘面上的污垢积聚,所以随着时间的推移,测量的显示总是清晰和准确的。
尽管未示出,但也可以设想调节阀60可以连接在关闭的单向阀40的上游。
此外,可以不同地设想以下内容:测量显示刻度盘面,例如是数字的而不是模拟的;腔室20和单向阀40的长度L0、L1和直径d20、d40分别的尺寸以及模拟文氏管的腔室30的不同部分的长度和横截面的尺寸,和/或引入用于远程传输表示流量测量的信号的差压变送器。
虽然结合本实用新型的很多实施例和很多实施例的优选示例来描述,但是应当理解,本实用新型的保护范围仅由下面的权利要求确定。

Claims (10)

1.平衡阀,用于调节在管道内部沿纵向流动方向(X-X)从上游到下游流动的流体(Fin,Fout)的流量,其特征在于,包括:
-单向阀(40)和模拟文丘里管的管状元件(30),所述单向阀和所述管状元件分别沿所述流体的所述纵向流动方向(X-X)从上游到下游同轴连接;
-用于检测压差的检测装置(50),布置成检测所述单向阀(40)上游并与之连通的第一室(20)的内部和所述管状元件(30)的中心圆柱形部分(33)的内部之间所述单向阀内部发生的压差(Δp);
-阀门(60),用于调节在所述管道内部流动的所述流体的所述流量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述单向阀(40)包括具有与上游的第一室(20;120)连通的上游开口(41a)的,适当外径的大致圆柱形主体;和下游开口(41b),在流体的推力作用下或在相反方向上弹簧(44)的推力作用下,能够沿所述纵向方向(X-X)的两个方向平移的闭合构件(43)插入单向阀内。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述管状元件(30)至少包括:
-截头圆锥形的第二部分(32),第二部分较大的基部指向上游,较小的基部指向下游,
-第三的中心圆柱形部分(33),中心圆柱形部分的横截面较小,基本上对应于截头圆锥形的第二部分较小的基部;
-具有截头圆锥形横截面的第四部分(34),第四部分较大的基部指向下游;
第二部分、中心圆柱形部分和第四部分沿纵向方向(X-X)串联布置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述管状元件 (30)包括:
-具有布置在截头圆锥形的所述第二部分(32)的上游的给定横截面的第一圆柱形部分(31)。
5.根据权利要求3所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述管状元件(30)包括第五部分(35),第五部分具有布置在截头圆锥形的所述第四部分(34)的下游的圆柱形横截面,用于排出所述流体(Fout)。
6.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述检测装置(50)通过上游管道(51)连接到上游的所述第一室(20)并且通过下游管道(52)连接到所述管状元件(30)的所述中心圆柱形部分(33)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述检测装置包括显示检测到的所述压差(Δp)的值的刻度盘面(53)。
8.根据权利要求3所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述检测装置(50)通过上游管道(51)连接到上游的所述第一室(20)并且通过下游管道(52)连接到所述管状元件(30)的所述中心圆柱形部分(33)。
9.根据权利要求4所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述检测装置(50)通过上游管道(51)连接到上游的所述第一室(20)并且通过下游管道(52)连接到所述管状元件(30)的所述中心圆柱形部分(33)。
10.根据权利要求5所述的平衡阀,其特征在于,所述检测装置(50)通过上游管道(51)连接到上游的所述第一室(20)并且通过下游管道(52)连接到所述管状元件(30)的所述中心圆柱形部分(33)。
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