CN206702276U - One kind becomes helicla flute double tapered angle laminated construction drilling integrated tool - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated hole-making tool with double-cone-angle lamination structure with variable helical grooves, including a drilling part, a reaming part, a spot facing part and a tool handle, and a space between the drilling part and the reaming part, as well as the reaming part and the spot facing part There is a transition part between them; the drilling part includes a double taper drill tip and a helical groove, the double taper drill tip contains two main cutting edges, and the helical groove is two extending to the transition part between the drilling part and the reaming part. Right-handed helical groove; reaming part has four helical peripheral edges, including four main cutting edges and corresponding four left-handed helical grooves extending to the transition on both sides; spot facing part includes three main cutting edges and three extending to the handle Right-handed spiral groove. The tool integrates the structure of drilling, reaming, and spot-sinking into one tool, and completes the drilling, reaming, and spot-sinking of laminated materials at one time, ensuring the accuracy and coaxiality of the hole making, avoiding the phenomenon of tool wrapping, and preventing chips Damage to the machined surface can effectively break chips and promote chip removal, ensuring tool durability, hole making quality and processing efficiency.

Description

A Hole-making Integrated Tool with Variable Helical Groove Double Cone Angle Laminated Structure

technical field

The utility model relates to a drilling, reaming and countersinking integrated tool suitable for precision hole-making processing of laminated structure difficult-to-machine materials, which can be used in the hole-making process of materials with different physical and mechanical properties such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy laminated assembly structure. The invention guarantees hole-making precision and realizes effective chip breaking and chip removal, and belongs to the technical field of machining tools.

Background technique

In order to reduce energy consumption and increase aircraft life, the proportion of aluminum alloys and titanium alloys used in aircraft is increasing. In the aircraft assembly process, bolts and rivets are commonly used to join aluminum alloys and titanium alloys to enhance performance and complement each other. Therefore, a large number of connection holes need to be processed on the aluminum alloy and titanium alloy laminated board. However, the hole diameter of aluminum alloy and titanium alloy laminated assembly is small and the processing is difficult. It is difficult to ensure the coaxiality of the hole when drilling, reaming and countersinking using traditional multi-process technology, and there are many auxiliary processes, which reduces work efficiency. ; If drilling, reaming, and countersinking are integrated into holes, it will be difficult to break chips, and poor chip removal will easily lead to the problem that the tool is easy to break, which will increase the manufacturing cost.

Therefore, in the design process of integrated drilling, reaming and countersinking tools, how to achieve effective chip breaking, avoid chip entanglement, and ensure smooth chip discharge has become the focus of research on stacked hole-making tools.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to propose an integrated hole-making tool with variable helical groove and double-cone angle laminated structure for the problems existing in the existing small-diameter integrated tool technology, which can complete the drilling and reaming of the laminated structure at one time. , Countersink finishing, through effective chip breaking, easy chip removal, and reducing the axial force of hole making, to improve hole size accuracy, coaxiality accuracy and surface quality, while ensuring cutting speed, it can prolong tool life and improve processing efficiency . The utility model is suitable for hole processing of thin plate laminated assembly structures with small thickness (single layer less than 3mm).

The utility model's variable spiral groove double-cone angle laminated structure hole-making integrated tool adopts the following technical scheme:

The tool includes a drilling part, a reaming part, a countersink part and a tool holder, and a transition part is provided between the drilling part and the reaming part and between the reaming part and the countersinking part; the drilling part includes a double taper Drill point and helical flutes, double taper drill tip contains two main cutting edges, helical flutes are two right-handed helical flutes extending to the transition between the drilled part and the reamed part; the reamed part has four helical circumferences The edge includes four main cutting edges and corresponding four left-handed helical grooves extending to the transition parts on both sides; the spot facing part includes three main cutting edges and three right-handed helical grooves extending to the handle.

The length of the transition portion is 4mm˜6mm.

The core diameter of the double taper drill tip in the drilling part is not less than 0.25 times the diameter of the drilling part, so as to ensure the rigidity of the drill bit.

The first taper angle of the double taper drill tip in the drilling part is 120°-132°, corresponding to the first main cutting edge; the second taper angle is 90°, corresponding to the second main cutting edge.

The rake angle of the two outermost edges of the two main cutting edges of the double taper drill tip in the drilling part is 8°-12°, and the relief angle is 11°-15°.

The helix angle of the right-handed helical groove in the drilling part is 23°-30°, so as to ensure the rigidity, strength and chip removal performance of the peripheral edge.

The rake angle γ1 of the outer edge of the helical peripheral edge of the reaming part is 5°-10°, and the rear angle α1 is 6°-10°, which makes the reaming more stable and ensures the sharpness, durability and hole accuracy of the tool .

The length of the reaming portion is equal to the length of the peripheral edge portion of the helical groove in the drilling portion.

The helix angle of the left-handed helical groove in the reaming part is 7°-12° left-handed, so as to facilitate the discharge of reaming chips toward the surface to be machined and avoid the impact of reaming chips on the quality of the machined surface.

The helix angle of the right-handed spiral groove of the spot facing part is 30°-35°, and the front angle γ2 of the outer edge of the spot facing part is 5°-12°.

The utility model integrates the structures of drilling, reaming and countersinking into one cutter in sequence, so that the drilling, reaming and countersinking can be completed at one time in the hole making of laminated materials, which ensures the precision and coaxiality of the holes; the drilling part The unique double-cone angle structure can effectively break chips and avoid the phenomenon of knife wrapping; the left-handed spiral groove of the reaming part promotes the discharge of chips to the direction to be processed, prevents the damage of chips to the processed surface, and improves the processing quality; the transition part Increase the rigidity of the tool, play a role in supporting and guiding the spot facing, and ensure better quality of the spot facing and tool life.

Experiments have proved that, with the cooperation of suitable process parameters, the utility model has smaller drilling axial force and better durability than ordinary twist drills. It is suitable for small-diameter (less than 6mm) hole-making processing of laminated structures of difficult-to-machine materials such as aluminum alloys, high-temperature alloys, and titanium alloys. It can effectively break chips and promote chip removal, ensuring better tool durability and hole making quality and processing efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model variable helical groove double-cone angle laminated hole-making integrated tool.

Fig. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the drill tip of the drilling part in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a radial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the reaming part in the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reaming blade of the reaming part in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of the spot facing part of the utility model.

In the figure: 1. Drilling part, 2. First transition part, 3. Reaming part, 4. Second transition part, 5. Spot facing part, 6. Tool handle.

detailed description

The utility model's variable helical groove double-cone angle lamination structure hole-making integrated tool is made of hard alloy, and its structure is shown in Figure 1, including sequentially connected drilling part 1, first transition part 2, reaming Part 3, second transition part 4, spot facing part 5 and handle 6. A first transition part 2 is provided between the drilling part 1 and the reaming part 3 , and a second transition part 4 is provided between the reaming part 3 and the spot facing part 5 . The length L3 of the first transition part 2 and the length L5 of the second transition part 4 are 4 mm to 6 mm, which not only ensures the rigidity of the tool, but also leaves enough margin for tool retraction for tool manufacturing. The diameter of knife handle 6 is D3.

The drilling part 1 includes a double taper drill tip and a helical flute. The diameter of the drilling part 1 is D1, and the diameter d1 of the drill core (see FIG. 2) is not less than 0.25D1, which ensures the rigidity of the drilling part. In order to achieve effective chip breaking and chip removal, the drill tip chooses a double-cone angle structure. The double-cone angle drill tip includes two main cutting edges T1 and T2 of equal length, and the two main cutting edges are symmetrical to the center line. See Figure 2, which Good chip breaking effect is guaranteed; the first cone angle Corresponding to the first major cutting edge T1, It is 120°～132°, and the optimal value is 120°. second cone angle Corresponding to the second main cutting edge T2, is 90°. The rake angles of the outermost edges of the two main cutting edges are 8°-12°, and the rear angles are 11°-15°. The helix angle ω1 corresponding to the helical groove of the drilling part 1 is right-handed 23° to 30° to ensure the rigidity, strength and chip removal performance of the peripheral edge; The total length is the sum of the length L1 of the drill tip and the length L2 of the peripheral edge portion, wherein L2 is equal to the thickness of the laminated structure to be processed.

The reaming portion 3 has four helical peripheral edges, including four main cutting edges and corresponding four left-handed helical grooves extending to the first transition portion 2 and the second transition portion 4 on both sides. The diameter of the reaming portion 3 is D2, and its length L4 is equal to the length L2 of the peripheral edge portion of the helical groove in the drilling portion 1 . The helix angle ω2 of the helical groove in the reaming part 3 is 7°-12° left-handed, which makes the reaming chips discharged to the surface to be processed, effectively ensuring the quality of the processed surface, see Figure 1. The number of reaming teeth is 4 teeth, the front angle γ1 of the outer edge of the spiral peripheral edge is 5°~10°, and the back angle α1 is 6°~10°, see Figure 3, which makes the reaming more stable and ensures the sharpness and durability of the tool degree and hole precision. As shown in FIG. 4 , at the end close to the first transition portion 2 , the guide cone angle β1 of the reaming edge is 15°-45°, so that the reaming can cut in smoothly.

The spot facing portion 3 includes three main cutting edges and three right-handed spiral grooves extending to the handle 6, and the spiral grooves correspond to edge grooves, peripheral edges and edge backs. The taper angle of the spot facing part 5 is The taper angle of the spot facing portion is determined according to the angle required by the project. The helix angle ω3 corresponding to the spiral groove is 30°-35°, and the front angle γ2 of the outer edge of the spot facing part 3 is 5°-12°, see FIG. 5 .

The above tools are suitable for precision machining of laminated holes for aluminum alloys and difficult-to-machine materials (high-strength steel, high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, etc.), and complete drilling, reaming and countersinking of the laminated structure at one time. Through effective chip breaking, Promote chip removal and reduce the axial force of hole making to improve hole size accuracy, coaxiality accuracy and surface quality. It has good durability while ensuring processing efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated tool for hole-making with variable helical groove double-cone angle laminated structure, including a drilling part, a reaming part, a spot facing part and a tool handle, between the drilling part and the reaming part, as well as between the reaming part and the spot facing There are transition parts between the dimples; the characteristic is that the drilling part includes a double-cone angle drill point and a spiral groove, the double-cone angle drill point contains two main cutting edges of equal length, and the spiral groove is two extending to the drilling The right-handed spiral groove at the transition part between the reaming part and the reaming part; the reaming part has four helical peripheral edges, including four main cutting edges and corresponding four left-handed spiral grooves extending to the transition part on both sides; the spot facing part includes three Main cutting edge with three right-handed helical flutes extending into the shank. 2 . The variable helical flute double cone angle stacked structure hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the length of the transition part is 4 mm to 6 mm. 3 . 3. The variable helical groove double-cone angle stacked hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the core diameter of the double-cone angle drill tip in the drilling part is not less than 0.25 of the diameter of the drilling part times. 4. The variable helical flute dual-cone angle stacked structure hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first cone angle of the double-cone angle drill tip in the drilling part is 120°-132° , corresponding to the main cutting edge of the first section; the cone angle of the second section is 90° corresponding to the main cutting edge of the second section. 5. The variable helical flute dual-cone angle stacked hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front edge of the two main cutting edges of the double-cone angle drill tip in the drilling part The angle is 8°～12°, and the rear angle is 11°～15°. 6 . The variable-helical flute double-cone-angle stacked hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1 , wherein the helix angle of the right-handed helical flute in the drilling part is 23°-30°. 7 . The variable helical flute double cone angle laminated structure integrated hole making tool according to claim 1 , wherein the length of the reaming part is equal to the length of the peripheral edge of the helical flute in the drilling part. 8 . 8. The variable helical flute double-cone angle stacked hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rake angle γ1 of the outer edge of the helical peripheral edge of the reaming part is 5° to 10°, and the rear The angle α1 is 6°-10°. 9 . The variable helical flute double cone angle laminated structure hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1 , wherein the helix angle of the left-handed helical groove in the reaming part is 7°-12° left-handed. 10. The variable helical flute double-cone angle stacked structure hole-making integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the helix angle of the right-handed helical groove of the spot facing part is 30° to 35°, and the spot facing The rake angle γ2 of the outer edge of the part is 5° to 12°.