CN108608040A - For composite material and its micro- serrated knife tool of the double ladders of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling - Google Patents

For composite material and its micro- serrated knife tool of the double ladders of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108608040A
CN108608040A CN201810466351.XA CN201810466351A CN108608040A CN 108608040 A CN108608040 A CN 108608040A CN 201810466351 A CN201810466351 A CN 201810466351A CN 108608040 A CN108608040 A CN 108608040A
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China
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cutting edge
micro
tooth
composite material
ladder
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CN201810466351.XA
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CN108608040B (en
Inventor
王福吉
贾振元
赵猛
白玉
成德
张翀
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/009—Stepped drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/02—Twist drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23B2226/27—Composites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/04—Angles, e.g. cutting angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/04—Angles, e.g. cutting angles
    • B23B2251/043—Helix angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/28—Arrangement of teeth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
    • B23B2251/408—Spiral grooves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to drilling tool technical fields in being machined, it is related to a kind of micro- serrated knives tool of the double ladders of the perpendicular sword being used for composite material and its laminated construction high quality drilling, it is made of main cutting edge area A, end cutting edge area B, handle of a knife area C three parts, includes ladder Shu Ren area D and micro- tooth cutting region E in end cutting edge area B.The present invention's has for composite material and its double micro- serrated knives of ladders of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling, with hierarchic structure, it is distributed micro- toothing in the first ladder, have the function of the cutting function again in entrance and the flip Trim opposite with principal cutting movement direction in outlet, realizes effective inhibition of composite material entrance, the layering of outlet, burr equivalent damage；Sword structure is erected in the distribution of second ladder, and second ladder angle be negative value, realize chip breaking, clast, reduce upper layer composite material and metal hole wall and scratch, metal outlet burr is eliminated from root and composite material exports burr, improves the outgoing quality of metal and composite material.

Description

For composite material and its micro- tooth of the double ladders of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling Cutter
Technical field
The invention belongs to drilling tool technical fields in being machined, and are related to a kind of for composite material and its laminated construction The micro- serrated knife tool of the double ladders of the perpendicular sword of high quality drilling.
Background technology
Composite material is widely used to Advanced Aircraft part due to having many advantages, such as lightweight, high-strength and can integrally manufacture Manufacture, become realize the light-weighted preferred material of aircaft configuration.Such as Air Passenger A350, composite material dosage is up to 52%, greatly Width alleviates aero-structure weight, improves the fuel economy of aircraft.In addition, can be absorbed impact for guarantee aircraft, alternation The laminated construction of equal complex loads, composite material and high-performance metal composition is commonly applied to aircraft support and connecting portion.For reality Being linked and packed for existing composite material parts and its laminated construction part, needs to carry out a series of mechanical processing, drilling processing is Wherein most heavy one of the machining process of workload.
However, composite material is mainly the mixed style being mutually made of with resin matrix fiber reinforcement phase, macroscopically present Apparent anisotropy and stack features, and its interfacial bonding strength is relatively low.When independent drilling composite material, the axial force of generation Larger, the effect of entrance and exit position constraint is weak, and several layer materials of outermost are easily open-top, generates delamination damage, and because can not Cut staple leads to fiber bending, causes tearing and burr equivalent damage.In addition, in composite material/metal laminated material integration In drilling, the mounting means frequently with multiple material in upper, metal under.Under such mounting means, the support of metal material outlet side is made With weaker, it is also easy to produce burr damage, and metal is also easy to produce continuous band-shaped chip during the cutting process, borings is along helicla flute In discharge process, easily to the composite material on upper layer generate scuffing, cause the high-quality and high-efficiency difficult processing of composite laminate construction with It realizes.Therefore, it is badly in need of independent research and goes out to realize the drilling of composite material high quality but also realize composite laminate construction height The cutter of quality drilling.
Currently, have some scholars be directed to respectively composite material drilling cutter and composite laminate construction drilling cutter into Research and development are gone.For composite material drilling cutter, Dalian University of Technology's Jia Zhen members et al. disclose " a kind of compound for carbon fiber The efficient target drill of material drilling ", number of patent application 201510408743.7, it is related to the system for carbon fibre composite The Double Tops corner structure drill bit with the micro- sword of dentation in hole, by the Double Tops corner structure of main cutting edge, main cutting edge and end cutting edge Micro- toothing of connecting portion realizes the function of brill-expansion-hinge integration processing, obtains the hole of high dimensional accuracy.However, by It is in the cutting edge position of final cutting forming in micro- toothing, is easy to cause small tearing damage in outlet and entrance, and Reduce the finish of hole wall.A kind of low chisel edge drill bit, patent Shen have been invented by Suzhou Ahno Cutting Tool Technology Co., Ltd. Please numbers 201310104178.6, the head of this drill bit is opened there are two chip space, with the intersection of knife spine in the axial direction point Not Xing Cheng two main cutting edges, be mainly characterized by three it is top, intermediate is top lower than both sides, and such design can take into account Tool strength and centering ability, two outer top fibers that can effectively scrape disconnected hole periphery, reduce burr, but high-strength processing When the composite material of degree fiber and low interlaminar strength, tearing damage is easy tod produce.For composite laminate construction drilling cutter, What Kawasaki, Japan heavy industry was delivered on " SAE Technical Paper "《Development of a Dill Bit for CFRP/Aluminum-Alloy Stack:To Improve Flexibility,Economical Efficiency and Work Environment》In, it is proposed that a kind of composite material/aluminium alloy lamination rank cut using relatively thin chisel edge varied angle Ladder bores.The cutter improves integrated drilling quality to a certain extent by reducing single cutting output.However, the height of metal can It is not fully considered still by chip breaking problem, a large amount of borings in drilling process is caused to accumulate and be wrapped on cutter, into And cutter is caused to generate bias in turning course, seriously affect drilling precision and cutting-tool's used life.
Invention content
The invention solves technical barrier be to reduce drilling composite material and its composite material that when laminated construction generates Outlet layering, metal outlet burr and metal hole wall scratch equivalent damage, and invention is used for composite material and its laminated construction high quality The micro- serrated knife tool of the double ladders of the perpendicular sword of drilling.The cutter is a kind of dextrorotation with perpendicular sword structure, double hierarchic structures and micro- toothing Drill bit, perpendicular sword structure can effectively bend borings, inhibit continuous band-shaped chip to scratch upper layer composite material and metal hole wall, together When double hierarchic structure ladder angle be negative value, remove metal outlet burr from root and composite material export burr, micro- tooth knot Structure is in be distributed compared with large helix angle around drill axis, can effectively inhibit composite material entrance, the layering of outlet, burr equivalent damage, most Composite material and its laminated construction high quality drilling processing are realized eventually.
Technical scheme of the present invention：
For the micro- serrated knives tool of the double ladders of composite material and its perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling, by main cutting edge area A, End cutting edge area B, handle of a knife area C three parts are constituted, and include ladder Shu Ren area D and micro- tooth cutting region E in end cutting edge area B；
The main cutting edge 1 of main cutting edge area A obtains the second rake face 9, before initial by the initial rake face 8 of part reconditioning Knife face 8 and the second rake face 9 form Double Tops corner structure, wherein the first apex angle n1It is 100 ° -106 °, the second apex angle n2For 90 °- 95°；
Double hierarchic structures are distributed in end cutting edge area B, are the first ladder close to apex point side, are second-order close to handle of a knife side Ladder；End cutting edge area B forms two end cutting edges 5 there are two chip space 6, and the helical rake angle γ 1 of end cutting edge 5 is 14 °- 16 °, the first step diameter of cutter d that width of chip space c is 0.6-0.8 times；The margin width a of vertical cutting edge 4 and secondary cutting The margin width b of sword 5 is 1-1.5mm, and the margin width a of vertical cutting edge 4 is more than the margin width b of end cutting edge 5；
Ladder Shu Ren area D bear ladder corner structure, the second ladder main cutting edge 10 and 7 angle n of tool axis using double ladders3 More than 90 °；Equal reconditioning goes out vertical chip breaking sword 4 on every end cutting edge 5, and the axial length e of vertical chip breaking sword 4 is at least 2 times Cutter feed engagement, the helical rake angle γ 2 of vertical chip breaking sword 4 is 13 ° -15 °；
Micro- tooth cutting region E is located at the position between ladder Shu Ren area D and main cutting edge area A, and drill bit is distributed in by several Micro- tooth 3 on cutting edge and tooth socket 2 form, and micro- tooth 3 and tooth socket 2 are in spiral distribution around drill axis, micro- tooth helixangleβ be more than 60 ° of acute angle；The upper tooth side 11 of micro- tooth 3 is used as tooth cutting edge, and sharpens out positive rake angle to upper tooth side 11；The space width of micro- tooth 3 Spend WgNot less than the thickness and at least 0.3mm of two layers of prepreg of processed fibre reinforced materials；The facewidth W of micro- tooth 3tAt least 0.5mm；The depth D of tooth socket 2tAt least 0.8mm, and gullet depth DtTwice and the sum of unbearabling thickness be less than the knife of the position Has diameter d, to meet the purpose of 3 shearing of micro- tooth under the premise of not influencing unbearable rigidity.
The present invention's has for composite material and its double micro- serrated knives of ladders of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling, has rank Terraced structure is distributed micro- toothing in the first ladder, has in the cutting function again of entrance and in outlet and principal cutting movement The opposite flip Trim function in direction, realizes effective inhibition of composite material entrance, the layering of outlet, burr equivalent damage；The Sword structure is erected in the distribution of two ladders, and the second ladder angle is negative value, realizes chip breaking, clast, reduce upper layer composite material and Metal hole wall scratches, and eliminates metal outlet burr from root and composite material exports burr, improve metal and composite material Outgoing quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to have front view for composite material and its double micro- serrated knives of ladder of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of micro- tooth cutting region E in Fig. 1.
In figure：1 main cutting edge；2 tooth sockets；3 micro- teeth；4 vertical chip breaking swords；5 end cutting edges；6 chip spaces；
7 tool axis；8 initial rake faces；9 second rake faces；10 second ladder main cutting edges；
Tooth side on 11；
A main cutting edges area；B end cutting edges area；C handle of a knifes area；The areas D ladder Shu Ren；The micro- tooth cutting regions E；
The margin width of the vertical chip breaking swords of a 4；The margin width of b end cutting edges 5；C width of chip spaces；
The first step diameters of d；The axial length of the vertical chip breaking swords of e 4；n1First apex angle of main cutting edge 1；
n2Second apex angle of main cutting edge 1；n3Second ladder main cutting edge 10 and 7 angle of tool axis；
γ1The helical rake angle of end cutting edge 5；γ2The helical rake angle of vertical chip breaking sword 4；WtMicro- tooth facewidth；
WgSpace width；DtGullet depth；The micro- tooth helical angles of β.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solution, the specific implementation mode that the present invention will be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the double ladders of the perpendicular sword for being used for composite material and its laminated construction high quality drilling of the invention Micro- serrated knife tool, which is made of main cutting edge area A, end cutting edge area B, handle of a knife area C three parts, in wherein end cutting edge area B Including ladder Shu Ren area D and micro- tooth cutting region E；The main cutting edge 1 of main cutting edge area A, can by the initial rake face 8 of part reconditioning It obtains the second rake face 9, and then forms Double Tops corner structure, it can be achieved that gradual cutting, and then reduce axial force, improve composite wood Expect drilling quality, wherein the first apex angle n1It is 102 °, the second apex angle n2It is 90 °；There are two chip spaces 6 by end cutting edge area B, are formed Two end cutting edges 5, the helical rake angle γ of end cutting edge 51It it is 15 °, cutter nominal diameter is 6mm, and the first step diameter d is 4.88mm, width of chip space c are that the ratio of 3mm, width of chip space c and the first step diameter of cutter d are 0.61, it is ensured that cutter Rigidity meets processing request, and the margin width a of vertical chip breaking sword 4 is 1.5mm, and the margin width b of end cutting edge 5 is 1mm, vertically The margin width a values of chip breaking sword 4 are bigger, to ensure the intensity of vertical chip breaking sword 4.
Ladder Shu Ren area D bear ladder corner structure using double ladders, can realize segmental resection using double hierarchic structures, reduce axis Xiang Li, to achieve the purpose that reduce damage of composite materials；Second ladder can directly remove gold using ladder angle is born from outlet root Belong to outlet burr and composite material exports burr, the second ladder main cutting edge 10 and 7 angle n of tool axis3It is 110 °；At every Equal reconditioning goes out vertical chip breaking sword 4 on end cutting edge 5, to change the original direction of motion of borings, borings is made to bend, It realizes the efficient chip breaking of metal, clast, chip is enable smoothly to be discharged along chip space, reduce chip and composite material and metal hole wall Contact, improve hole wall finish and aperture precision, the axial length e of vertical chip breaking sword 4 is 4mm, much larger than cutter per tooth into To amount, the helical rake angle γ of vertical chip breaking sword 42It is 13 °.
The micro- tooth 3 and tooth socket 2 that micro- tooth cutting region E is distributed in by several on drill edge form, wherein micro- tooth 3 and tooth Slot 2 is in spiral distribution around drill axis, and micro- tooth helixangleβ is 79 °；Tooth side 11 is used as tooth cutting edge on micro- tooth, and sharpens out just Anterior angle is 20 °；Micro- toothing is located at the position among ladder Shu Ren area D and main cutting edge area A, and the quantity of micro- tooth 3 is 3, micro- The space width W of tooth 3gFor 0.7mm, the facewidth W of micro- tooth 3tFor 0.5mm, gullet depth DtFor 0.8mm, cutter unbearabling thickness is 2.2mm, gullet depth DtTwice and the sum of unbearabling thickness be less than the cutter diameter d of the position.When drilling composite material, boring It cuts entry and exit and realizes the burr rebound toothing in a subtle way generated, and in downward drilling process, it is real to the burr for springing back tooth in a subtle way Cutting is applied, burr is cut, reaches and effectively removes entry and exit burr in drilling process, tearing when reducing to form whole hole The effect of damage greatly improves the cutting power of cutter.
The present invention is for composite material and its micro- serrated knife tool of the double ladders of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling, ladder knot Structure can realize that branch cuts, and reduce machining damage, while ladder angle is negative value, and metal outlet burr and multiple can be removed from root Condensation material exports burr, improves outgoing quality；Perpendicular sword structure changes original direction of motion of borings, can realize metal Bending, the chip breaking of chip reduce scuffing of the borings to upper layer composite material and metal hole wall；Micro- toothing can effectively inhibit Composite material drilling entrance, the layering of outlet, burr equivalent damage.Finally, composite material and its laminated construction high quality are realized The high-quality and high-efficiency of drilling is processed.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of have for composite material and its double micro- serrated knives of ladders of the perpendicular sword of laminated construction high quality drilling, by main cutting edge area (A), end cutting edge area (B) and handle of a knife area (C) three parts are constituted, which is characterized in that erect sword comprising ladder in end cutting edge area (B) Area (D) and micro- tooth cutting region (E)；
The main cutting edge (1) in main cutting edge area (A) obtains the second rake face (9), just by the initial rake face of part reconditioning (8) Beginning rake face (8) forms Double Tops corner structure with the second rake face (9), wherein the first apex angle n1It is 100 ° -106 °, the second apex angle n2 It is 90 ° -95 °；
Double hierarchic structures are distributed in end cutting edge area (B), are the first ladder close to apex point side, are the second ladder close to handle of a knife side； There are two chip spaces (6) in end cutting edge area (B), form two end cutting edges (5), the helical rake angle γ of end cutting edge (5)1For 14 ° -16 °, the first step diameter of cutter d that width of chip space c is 0.6-0.8 times；The margin width a of vertical cutting edge (4) and The margin width b of end cutting edge (5) is 1-1.5mm, and the margin width a of vertical cutting edge (4) is more than end cutting edge (5) Margin width b；
Ladder corner structure, the second ladder main cutting edge (10) and tool axis (7) angle are born using double ladders in the areas ladder Shu Ren (D) n3More than 90 °；Equal reconditioning goes out vertical chip breaking sword (4) on every end cutting edge (5), and the axial length e of vertical chip breaking sword (4) is extremely It is 2 times of cutter feed engagement, the helical rake angle γ of vertical chip breaking sword (4) less2It is 13 ° -15 °；
Micro- tooth cutting region (E) is located at the position between the areas ladder Shu Ren (D) and main cutting edge area (A), and brill is distributed in by several Micro- tooth (3) on head cutting edge and tooth socket (2) composition, micro- tooth (3) and tooth socket (2) are in spiral distribution around drill axis, micro- tooth spiral shell Swing angle β is the acute angle more than 60 °；The upper tooth side (11) of micro- tooth (3) is used as tooth cutting edge, and before being sharpened out just to upper tooth side (11) Angle；The space width W of micro- tooth (3)gNot less than the thickness and at least 0.3mm of two layers of prepreg of processed fibre reinforced materials； The facewidth W of micro- tooth (3)tAt least 0.5mm；The depth D of tooth socket (2)tAt least 0.8mm, and gullet depth DtTwice with it is unbearable The sum of thickness is less than the cutter diameter d of the position, to meet micro- tooth (3) shearing under the premise of not influencing unbearable rigidity Purpose.
CN201810466351.XA 2018-05-10 2018-05-10 Vertical-edge double-step micro-tooth cutter for high-quality hole making of composite material and laminated structure of composite material Active CN108608040B (en)

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