CN206655657U - A kind of directed drilling diamond bit - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of directed drilling diamond bit, including fixing wing on bit body, bit body, gear wheel, hydraulic structure etc., have cutting tooth, have tooth on gear wheel in fixing wing, it is characterised in that：One or several grooves are provided with least one fixing wing, gear wheel is provided with groove, gear wheel is formed with fixing wing and is rotatablely connected.While such structure is reduced torque-on-bit, improved bit tool face stability using gear wheel, the job security of drill bit is improved, reduces and even avoids the occurrence of that moving component drops shaft bottom, and expand the free space of bit cutting structure and hydraulic structure.

Description

A kind of directed drilling diamond bit

Technical field

The invention belongs to oil-gas drilling engineering, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel A kind of technical equipment such as engineering, the hydrology and no-dig technique field, and in particular to directed drilling diamond bit.

Background technology

In oil and gas well drilling engineering, usually using drill bit fractured rock, drill bit is that fractured rock forms pit shaft Rock crushing tool.The drill bit used at present in drilling engineering mainly has tricone bit and PDC drill bit, and tricone bit is mainly with punching Hit the form broken rock of crushing, the wheel body speed ratio of tricone bit（The ratio between gear wheel rotating speed and drill speed when bit is crept into） More than 1, gear wheel rotating speed is fast when bit is crept into, and the tooth on gear wheel forms impact granulitization broken rock, energy to bottom rock Amount utilization rate is not high, and efficiency of breaking rock is relatively low, and rate of penetration is too low.PDC drill bit by high rigidity, it is wear-resisting, from sharp glomerocryst Diamond compact（Abbreviation PDC teeth）To shear and fractured rock, PDC drill bit rate of penetration in soft-medium hard formation is high, the longevity Life length, drilling cost is low, therefore it is used widely in the drilling of Oil/gas Well, but in directed drilling, PDC drill bit holds Easily occur that torque ripple is big, be unfavorable for the stability contorting of drilling tool working face, be unfavorable for the fast drilling of drill bit.

Gear wheel-PDC hybrid bits that Baker Hughes Inc. proposes are on the basis of traditional PDC cutting structures Increase gear wheel cutting structure and formed.When Mixed drilling bit rotary drilling, the PDC teeth in fixing wing are broken with scraping butt formula Rock, the tooth mainly broken rock in a manner of impacting and crush, therefore Mixed drilling bit relies on two ways fractured rock on gear wheel, it Some special formations-such as gravel stratum, heterogeneity stratum can obtain preferable effect, and composite drill bit is in positioning operation, moment of torsion Respond small, tool-face is more stable, and speed-increasing effect is obvious.

In existing gear wheel-PDC Mixed drilling bits, cone body by its bearing hole with installation bit leg axle journal on, due to The particularity of bit leg journel structure, bit leg are difficult to adopt integral structure with bit body, and must be by way of welding by tooth The palm-gear wheel part is connected with bit body.So, weld seam just turn into drill bit intensity weak spot, in fact bore in easily occur because Bit leg falls well phenomenon caused by welding seam failure, falls well accident once occurring, very unfavorable by being produced to follow-up drilling course Influence, increase drilling cost.On the other hand, the presence of bit leg, it will occupy cloth tooth space valuable on drill bit, limitation is fixed The cutter set density of cutting structure.The presence of disadvantages mentioned above will seriously restrict the use of Mixed drilling bit.

Assuming that there is a section plane by certain point in drill axis and drill bit on drill bit（Referred to as cross the axle of the point Line plane or axial plane）.When being rotated under conditions of drill bit is zero in rate of penetration around own axes, the contour line of cutting element with Section plane or axial plane are crossed to form intersection, and the intersection is the axial plane contour line of cutting element, by the axial plane of all cutting elements Contour line pools together the shaft bottom coverage diagram to form drill bit, in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, can be one and all cutting units The tangent envelope curve of axial plane contour line, be referred to as bit cutting contour line, bit cutting contour line reflects drill bit and drilled out Shaft bottom basic configuration feature.Drill body contour line is the position curve for reflecting drill body in the coverage diagram of shaft bottom, and it is One key character curve of diamond bit.The drill bit cloth flank of tooth refers to using drill axis as pivot, drill body profile Line is the curved surface intersected after radius of turn rotates a circle with drill body.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to：A kind of directed drilling diamond bit is proposed, torque-on-bit is being reduced using gear wheel, carried While high bit tool face stability, the job security of drill bit is improved, reduce and even avoid moving component from dropping shaft bottom feelings The generation of condition, and expand the free space of bit cutting structure and hydraulic structure.

The object of the invention is realized by following technical proposals：

A kind of directed drilling diamond bit, including fixing wing on bit body, bit body, gear wheel, hydraulic structure etc., There is cutting tooth in fixing wing, have tooth on gear wheel, it is characterised in that：One or number are provided with least one fixing wing Individual groove, gear wheel are arranged in groove, and gear wheel is formed by roller axle and fixing wing and is rotatablely connected.

In such scheme, " tooth " is the part of " gear wheel ".So, " gear wheel " just covers inserted and two kinds of knots of mill teeth Structure, it also contains the gear wheel of wheel-tooth integral type, including wheel-tooth integral type gear wheel using all-carbide sintering, such case It is relatively more suitable for small gear wheel.Gear wheel is arranged in the groove in the fixing wing of drill bit, can be according to specific in fixing wing Situation come determine whether set fixed cutter, with reference to figure 19,20.Bearing hole, gear wheel and roller axle are provided with wing Gear wheel and fixing wing are formed by roller axle using split-type structural and are rotatablely connected, it is not necessary to which independent bit leg knot is being set Structure（Wing instead of bit leg）, therefore the problem of bit leg welds is avoided, while the cloth tooth space of drill bit is saved, reduce and even keep away Exempt from moving component drop shaft bottom the occurrence of.Roller axle can use unilateral or bilateral supporting construction, when using bi-lateral support knot During structure, the stressing conditions of bearing can be obviously improved, the diameter of axle can be reduced.The present invention carries out axle by wing side to gear wheel To thrust and spacing, the bearing capacity of bearing can be so improved, even if seal failure, gear wheel is produced and rocked, and is also unlikely to drop Shaft bottom, gear wheel end face and wing side are provided with packing ring and reduce gear wheel and the coefficient of friction of wing side.

Roller axle is arranged in the wing of drill bit in this patent, in order to ensure the intensity of wing, it is necessary to control gear wheel bearing Size, it is unlikely to excessive.Therefore the load of gear wheel tooth is unsuitable excessive, and the ability of such gear wheel tooth fractured rock has Weakened, but gear wheel tooth still can crush high phacolith easily.High phacolith refers to that the height of phacolith is more than or equal to small phacolith height More than twice（That is d₁≥2d₂）Phacolith, with reference to figure 6,7, the high phacolith in drill bit sectional view refers to by adjusting cutting element Cutter set density come what is realized, high phacolith will be formed in shaft bottom to a certain extent when the cutter set density of cutting element is sparse.It is logical The distance δ of adjacent cutting element is crossed to limit the sparse situation of the cutter set density of cutting element, so that it is determined that the specific chi of high phacolith It is very little.The distance δ of cutting element refers to the distance at 2 cutting element midpoints, and r is the radius of fixed cutter, with reference to figure 5,6.

Alternatively, a high phacolith in the sectional view of shaft bottom being at least present, gear wheel tooth is arranged on high phacolith position, and The distance δ of 2 cutting elements of high phacolith block or so span is：δ≥（r1+r2）/2.

In such scheme, shaft bottom sectional view is drill bit radial direction coverage diagram, a high phacolith, gear wheel in figure at least be present The span that tooth is arranged on the distance δ of adjacent 2 cutting elements of high phacolith position, high phacolith or so is：δ≥（r1+r2）/ 2, the efficiency of breaking rock in the drill bit region is improved, saves broken rock energy, gear wheel is direct as main broken rock structure, its introducing The cutter set density of fixed cutter is influenceed, thoroughly breaks dilute outer close general standard, pin in fixed cutter cutter set density Different cutter set densities are matched from drilling mode to different rock properties, so as to widen the scope of application of the drill bit, cutter set density More sparse, its rate of wear is faster, and the cutting element in the region increases the use of cutting element in the way of same rail cloth tooth In the life-span, with reference to figure 5,6, wherein ζ span │ ζ │≤5mm, ζ can be with by the relative position ζ of gear wheel tooth and fixed cutting tooth For that just can also be negative, it is specified that tooth to bit body sunken inside is negative, with reference to figure 6, otherwise for just, with reference to shown in figure 8.

Alternatively, gear wheel is connected by roller axle with fixing wing, the both ends of roller axle respectively the both sides of groove with Fixing wing forms rotation connection.

In such scheme, when gear wheel realizes that bi-lateral support is connected by roller axle with fixing wing, axle can be obviously improved The stressing conditions held, bearing can lift the sealability of bearing in the case of uniform force, while enhance the rotation of gear wheel Stability.

Alternatively, gear wheel tooth axis and the normal angle θ spans of bit cutting contour line upper tooth tooth end are： │θ│≤15°。

In such scheme, when gear wheel does not move axle, as shown in Fig. 2 in the radial direction coverage diagram of drill bit, with reference to figure 24, It is θ to cross tooth summit and do the angle of normal XY, tooth axis PQ and normal XY on bit cutting contour line, when gear wheel has shifting axle When, as shown in figure 3, position C points and by bit central point straight line cf by gear wheel, gear wheel around by C points and with drill bit The parallel straight line of heart line is rotated to an angle, and gear wheel rotation centerline ec is overlapped with straight line cf, and drill bit is done by straight line cf Plane is cutd open, with reference to figure 24, θ definition is consistent with without the gear wheel for moving axle, and its span │ θ │≤15 °, θ values are smaller, tooth More face rock, tooth impact, crushing and shearing rock could be so utilized, improves the efficiency of breaking rock of tooth, while reduce tooth The lateral pressure of wheel, is beneficial to the stable rotation of drill bit, and such cone structure is compacter, reasonable.Because gear wheel is arranged on In fixing wing, it is contemplated that the riding position of bearing and the intensity of wing, gear wheel tooth may be caused to be unable to malleation rock, can So that by the way that gear wheel is arranged into the conical surface, the relative angle of tooth and rock is adjusted by the angle of the conical surface, with reference to figure 25,26, Regulation is on tooth summit on the basis of normal XY, and rotate counterclockwise is just, as shown in figure 26, on the contrary is negative, with reference to figure 25.

Alternatively, there are 1 or several gear rings on gear wheel, the line of each tooth anchor point is space at least one gear ring Curve, or the plane curve not parallel with gear wheel end face.

The anchor point o of conventional dental refers to the geometric center of tooth crown and tooth post faying face, with reference to figure 30, has on gear wheel 1 or several gear rings, the line of each tooth anchor point is space curve at least one gear ring, with reference to figure 29, or with gear wheel end face Not parallel plane curve, with reference to figure 28, the tooth of such mono-tooth ring increases in drill bit radial direction overlay area, so as to widen gear wheel Broken rock region, reduce tooth drop old hole the occurrence of.

The radial position of gear wheel refers to the midpoint C points of gear wheel Thrust Faces to the distance H of bit central, the thrust end of gear wheel Bread contains two kinds of situations, and one, gear wheel end face have the step of projection, carry out thrust by raised step, at this moment gear wheel thrust surface is Raised step surface；Secondly, by the whole end face of gear wheel come thrust, gear wheel end face and gear wheel thrust surface are same plane.R is brill The radius of head, with reference to shown in figure 5,8.

Alternatively, at least one gear wheel is arranged on drill bit radial direction radius a quarter with exterior domain, i.e. H >=R/4.

In such scheme, gear wheel is arranged on the region beyond drill bit radial direction radius a quarter, and gear wheel position is further away from brill Its reduction moment of torsion of head center, the effect of absorption vibration are more obvious.

Alternatively, at least one gear wheel is arranged on drill bit radial direction radius 1/3rd with inner region, i.e. H≤R/3.

In such scheme, at least one gear wheel is arranged on drill bit radial direction radius 1/3rd with inner region, i.e. H≤R/3. Scrape by gear wheel impact and PDC teeth in the region and cut two ways broken rock rock, the efficiency of breaking rock in the drill bit region can be improved, with Solve the problems, such as that the drill bit region stock-removing efficiency is low.

Set in drill bit fixing wing fluted, gear wheel is placed in groove, wherein groove type includes 2 kinds, its One is the through slot along drill bit circumferential direction, with reference to figure 2,3, secondly for along the blind slot of drill bit circumferential direction, with reference to figure 11,12.

Alternatively, the groove set in fixing wing is circumferential through slot.

In such scheme, the setting of through slot, gear wheel rock fracture in dynamic indentation can be both utilized, improve the efficiency of breaking rock in the region, Gear wheel can be utilized to reduce moment of torsion and absorb the effect of vibration again, improve the stability in bit tool face, while through slot is beneficial Cutter teeth is cooled down in drilling fluid and landwaste quickly discharges shaft bottom.

Alternatively, the groove set in fixing wing is blind slot.

It is blind slot that groove is set in such scheme, on wing, can so limit the size of gear wheel, drill bit is just no longer rely on tooth Wheel removes impact grinding rock, but reduces moment of torsion and absorb the effect of vibration, improves the stability in bit tool face, works as fixing cutter The width of the wing is sufficiently large, thus can be on the same radial zone of same wing greatly to that can accommodate a gear wheel and PDC teeth Gear wheel and PDC teeth are set simultaneously, so can guarantee that in the case of not sacrificing primary cutting element PDC teeth, one gear wheel of increase is cut Element is cut, moment of torsion is reduced and absorbs and vibrate.Gear wheel placement location is included in before PDC teeth, two kinds of situations, gear wheel are set below In the front end of wing, be advantageous to drilling fluid and the tooth on gear wheel in blind slot is cooled down and lubricated, improve the service life of tooth.

Alternatively, gear wheel is connected with roller axle by key, spline or interference fit, or, gear wheel is with roller axle Integral structure, roller axle are rotatablely connected with fixing wing.

In such scheme, gear wheel is connected with roller axle by key, spline or interference fit, and roller axle turns with fixing wing The rotation size adjustable of dynamic connection, roller axle and fixing wing, the bearing capacity of roller axle will greatly increase, and extend bearing arrangement Life-span；Gear wheel is integral type structure with roller axle, and roller axle is rotatablely connected with fixing wing, and such cone shell thickness will significantly Increase, effectively reduce existing rock bit and produce underground because cone shell cracking or breakage etc. cause cone shedding to fall into shaft bottom Accident.The axle journal both ends of wheel shaft integral structure form with square-outside and round-inside drive tab and are rotatablely connected, and are provided with wing front end recessed Groove, then integral type wheel shaft-drive tab is integrally placed in the groove of wing front end as one, finally by welding（Or Bolt）Drive tab is fixedly connected with wing, with reference to shown in figure 16,17,18.

The beneficial effect that art solutions of the present invention are brought：

1st, gear wheel is arranged in the groove on wing, avoids the need for setting independent bit leg structure, bored so as to save Valuable cloth tooth space on head, and avoid the occurrence of that bit leg drops shaft bottom.

2nd, drill bit of the present invention can combine the design feature of composite drill bit, rationally empty using the geometry in bit cutting structure region Between, axial thrust and spacing effect are played to gear wheel using wing side, the wind for even avoiding gear wheel from dropping shaft bottom can be reduced Danger.

3rd, gear wheel will rotate in drilling process with drill bit, the mode kata-rocks rock impacted using gear wheel, and improving should The efficiency of breaking rock in region, and can reduce moment of torsion using gear wheel and absorb the effect of vibration, improve the stability in bit tool face.

4th, gear wheel bearing is connected by dual-gripper, can be obviously improved the stressing conditions of bearing, the carrying energy of bearing arrangement Power will greatly increase, and bearing can lift the sealability of bearing in the case of uniform force, extend bearing lifetime of system, so as to Improve the service life for extending drill bit.

5th, gear wheel and roller axle are integral type structure, and roller axle is rotatablely connected with fixing wing, such cone shell thickness It will greatly increase, and effectively reduce existing rock bit and produced because cone shell cracking or breakage etc. cause cone shedding to fall into shaft bottom Raw down-hole accident.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is drill bit schematic diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2 is that gear wheel does not move axle drill bit top view

Fig. 3 is that gear wheel has shifting axle drill bit top view

Fig. 4 is the drill bit schematic diagram that gear wheel is both provided with fixing wing

Fig. 5 is drill bit radially covering schematic diagram

Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 gear wheel region partial enlarged drawing

Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 high phacolith partial enlarged drawing

Fig. 8 is that gear wheel positions C point schematic diagrames

Fig. 9 is two rock bit schematic diagrames

Figure 10 is Fig. 9 high phacolith partial enlarged drawing

Figure 11 is that gear wheel offsets, blind hole groove schematic diagram is set on wing

Blind hole groove is set on Figure 12 wings and same radial position is disposed with fixed cutting tooth schematic diagram

Figure 13 is that gear wheel is fixedly connected with schematic diagram with roller axle

Figure 14 is that roller axle is fixedly connected with schematic diagram with fixing wing

The schematic diagram that Figure 15 is gear wheel, roller axle, drill bit are movable in the axial direction to each other

Figure 16 is wheel shaft integral type gear wheel schematic diagram

Figure 17 is wheel shaft integral type gear wheel and connects A-A sectional views by welding manner

Figure 18 is wheel shaft integral type gear wheel and connects A-A sectional views by bolt mode

Figure 19 is that gear wheel is arranged on schematic diagram on secondary wing

Figure 20 is that gear wheel is arranged on secondary wing and cutting tooth schematic diagram is not provided with wing

Figure 21 is to be provided with oil storage compensation system schematic on wing

Figure 22 is the unilateral support schematic diagram of roller axle

Figure 23 is the positive negative offset schematic diagram of two gear wheels one

Figure 24 is the angle theta schematic diagram of the cutting contour line normal of tooth axis tooth end

Figure 25 is that gear wheel is provided with conical surface schematic diagram

Figure 26 is that gear wheel is provided with conical surface schematic diagram, is different from a kind of Figure 25 situation

Figure 27 is conventional gear wheel tooth schematic diagram

Figure 28 is that tooth anchor point forms plane curve and the not parallel schematic diagram in end face

Figure 29 is that tooth anchor point forms space curve schematic diagram

Figure 30 is tooth anchor point schematic diagram.

Corresponding parts title is marked in accompanying drawing：1- bit bodys, 2- stationary cutting structures, 21- fixing wings, 22-PDC Tooth, 23- wings contour line, 3- gear wheels cutting structure, 31- cone bodies, 32- gear wheels cutting tooth, 33- roller axles, 34- drive tabs, 4- nozzles or hydrophthalmia, 5- sealing rings, 6- grooves, 61- blind holes groove, 7- rocks, the high phacoliths of 71-, the small phacoliths of 72-, 8- lubrication channels, 9- keys, 10- weld seams, 11- copper bands, 12- plugs or baffle plate, 13- oil storage compensations system, the shifting wheelbase of S- gear wheels.

Embodiment

Following non-limiting examples are used to illustrate the present invention

Basic example：A kind of directed drilling diamond bit, including have individual fixing wing 21, gear wheel on bit body 1, bit body 31st, hydraulic structure 4 etc., there is cutting tooth 22 in fixing wing 21, there is tooth 32 on gear wheel 31, it is characterised in that：At least one One or several grooves 6 are provided with fixing wing, gear wheel 31 is arranged in groove 6, and passes through roller axle 33 and fixing wing 21 form rotation connection.Roller axle 33 and the connected mode of fixing wing 21 include 2 kinds, bi-lateral support such as Figure 13,14,15,16 It is shown, and unilateral support is as shown in figure 22, it is alternatively that, gear wheel does not move axle, i.e. gear wheel axis cf intersects with drill axis mn, Gear wheel produces pure rolling, is beneficial to moment of torsion and the absorption vibration for reducing drill bit, as shown in Fig. 2,12, gear wheel has shifting axle, roller axle Line ec and drill axis mn are non-intersect, and it is s that it, which moves wheelbase, will produce sliding, and tooth slides while rock cutting, improves tooth Wheel, which is scraped, cuts rock efficiency, while can also reduce moment of torsion, as shown in Fig. 3,4,11, it is alternatively that, at least provided with two teeth on drill bit Wheel, and gear wheel is respectively positive negative offset, can so form intersection and scrapes and cut, be beneficial to the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, as shown in figure 23.

Alternatively, a high phacolith in the sectional view of shaft bottom being at least present, gear wheel tooth is arranged on high phacolith position, and The distance δ of adjacent 2 fixed cutters span is：δ≥（r1+r2）/ 2, as shown in Figure 5,6.As δ=r1+r2, The adjacent cutting element of high phacolith is tangent, as shown in Fig. 5,6,7, works as δ>R1+r2, high phacolith is formed as shown in Fig. 9,10.

Alternatively, gear wheel is arranged on all wings, as shown in Figure 4.

Alternatively, gear wheel is arranged on secondary wing, as shown in figure 19, it is alternatively that cutting member is not provided with secondary wing Part, as shown in figure 19.

Gear wheel tooth axis and the normal angle θ spans of bit cutting contour line upper tooth tooth end are：│ θ │≤15 °, As shown in Figure 24,25,26.

Alternatively, the plane or curved surface and gear wheel end face that all tooth anchor points are formed on gear wheel are not parallel, when all The face that tooth anchor point is formed be plane, as shown in figure 28, when the face of anchor point with teeth formation be curved surface, as shown in figure 29.

Preferably, at least one gear wheel is arranged on drill bit radial direction radius a quarter with exterior domain, i.e. H >=R/4, As shown in Figure 5.

Preferably, at least one gear wheel is arranged on drill bit radial direction radius 1/3rd with inner region, H≤R/3, see Shown in Fig. 9.

Preferably, the groove set in fixing wing 21 is circumferential through slot 6, as shown in Fig. 2,3,4.

Preferably, the groove set in fixing wing 21 is blind slot 61, as shown in Figure 11,12.

Preferably, the groove set in fixing wing 21 is blind slot 61, and the footpath on this wing where blind slot 61 Into region, while fixed cutting tooth 22 is disposed with, as shown in Figure 11,12.

Alternatively, gear wheel 31 is relatively rotated with roller axle 33 and roller axle is fixedly connected with fixing wing 21, such as Figure 14 It is shown.

Alternatively, gear wheel 31 relatively rotates with roller axle 33, and roller axle 33 is relatively fixed wing 21 and rotated, and sees Figure 15 It is shown.

Preferably, gear wheel 31 is fixedly connected with roller axle 33 by key 8 or spline, is rotated relative to bit body, see figure Shown in 13.

Preferably, gear wheel 31, roller axle 33 are wheel shaft integral structure, as shown in Figure 16,17,18, preferably, logical Wheel shaft integral structure is connected by the mode for crossing welding with fixing wing 21, as shown in figure 17, preferably, passing through bolt Wheel shaft integral structure is connected by mode with fixing wing 21, as shown in figure 18.

Alternatively, when the wing number of drill bit is even number, gear wheel is arranged on the wing of symmetrical position, as Fig. 1,2,3, 4, wherein wing quantity is 4, and in the way of gear wheel is arranged on symmetrical wing, gear wheel quantity can be 2 or 4.Similarly, wing is worked as When quantity is 6, in the way of gear wheel is arranged on symmetrical wing, gear wheel number can be 2 or 4 or 6.

Preferably, oil storage compensating device is provided with bit body, on the side or front of the root of fixing wing, together When be provided with sealing ring on roller axle and gear wheel, lubrication can extend bearing system lifetim with sealing system, so as to improve The service life of drill bit, as shown in figure 21.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of directed drilling diamond bit, including fixing wing on bit body, bit body, gear wheel, hydraulic structure etc., Gu There is cutting tooth on the stationary knife wing, have tooth on gear wheel, it is characterised in that：One or several is provided with least one fixing wing Groove, gear wheel is provided with groove, and gear wheel is formed with fixing wing and is rotatablely connected.

A kind of 2. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Exist extremely on the section of shaft bottom A few high phacolith, gear wheel tooth are arranged on high phacolith position, and the distance δ of adjacent 2 fixed cutters span For：δ≥（r1+r2）/ 2, wherein r1, r2 is respectively the radius of high phacolith adjacent cutting element.

A kind of 3. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Gear wheel is by roller axle and admittedly The stationary knife wing is connected, and the both ends of roller axle are formed in the both sides of groove and fixing wing respectively to be rotatablely connected.

A kind of 4. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Gear wheel tooth axis and drill bit Cutting contour line upper teeth summit position normal direction line angle theta span be：│θ│≤15°.

A kind of 5. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：There is 1 or several on gear wheel Gear ring, the line of each tooth anchor point is space curve at least one gear ring, or the plane curve not parallel with gear wheel end face.

A kind of 6. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：At least one gear wheel is set In drill bit radial direction radius a quarter with exterior domain, H is distance of the gear wheel to center line of bit, and R is drill bit radius, i.e. H >=R /4。

A kind of 7. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：At least one gear wheel is set In drill bit radial direction radius 1/3rd with inner region, H is distance of the gear wheel to center line of bit, and R is drill bit radius, i.e. H≤R/ 3。

A kind of 8. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：What is set in fixing wing is recessed Groove is circumferential through slot.

A kind of 9. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Set in fixing wing Groove is blind slot.

A kind of 10. directed drilling diamond bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Gear wheel passes through with roller axle Key, spline or interference fit are connected, or, gear wheel is integral type structure with roller axle, and roller axle rotates with fixing wing to be connected Connect.