CN104314473B - The PDC drill bit instrument of eccentric swing rotation can be achieved - Google Patents
The PDC drill bit instrument of eccentric swing rotation can be achieved Download PDFInfo
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- CN104314473B CN104314473B CN201410426491.6A CN201410426491A CN104314473B CN 104314473 B CN104314473 B CN 104314473B CN 201410426491 A CN201410426491 A CN 201410426491A CN 104314473 B CN104314473 B CN 104314473B
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- drill bit
- pdc drill
- cycloid axle
- eccentric
- tooth
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/16—Roller bits characterised by tooth form or arrangement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/22—Roller bits characterised by bearing, lubrication or sealing details
- E21B10/25—Roller bits characterised by bearing, lubrication or sealing details characterised by sealing details
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/50—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of roller type
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of PDC drill bit instrument of achievable eccentric swing rotation, belong to drilling equipment rock crushing tool field.The PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, including eccentric shaft, shell body, PDC drill bit and cycloid axle, the PDC drill bit is fixedly connected in cycloid axle, the cycloid axle, which is matched with shell body, relative to become track eccentric rotary, the gearratio of cycloid axle formation set on the eccentric shaft, which is matched with the inner chamber of cycloid axle, forms revolute pair, and the inner flow passage of the eccentric shaft, the inner flow passage of cycloid axle are connected with the inner flow passage of PDC drill bit.The alternation Cutting trajectory motion that the present invention is realized is remarkably improved PDC drill bit stratum wedging ability, improves efficiency of breaking rock, being also beneficial to slow down the rate of wear of cutting tooth, particularly deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum has obvious technical advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the drilling equipments such as petroleum gas, mine engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology use
Rock crushing tool field, especially a kind of PDC drill bit equipment for drilling equipment broken rock.
Background technology
Drill bit is the rock crushing tool to crush bottom rock, form pit shaft in drilling engineering.Now in drilling engineering
Used conventional bit mainly has tricone bit, PDC drill bit, diamond-impregnated bit and gear wheel-PDC Mixed drilling bits
Deng.
Wherein PDC drill bit（Polycrystalline diamond compact bit）It is the most frequently used a kind of drilling well in current petroleum drilling engineering
Instrument.With the continuous progress of cutting teeth material technology and drill bit designing technique, its unique drilling safety, structure type
Flexibility and the high-efficient cutting for shearing broken rock, make stratum accommodation of the PDC drill bit in oil/gas drilling engineering increasingly
Extensively, worldwide drilling well total footage number 70% is all completed by PDC drill bit at present according to statistics, occupies absolute important
Status.Conventional PDC drill bit mainly by the broken bottom rock of " wedging-scrape and cut " effect, but when drilling well with running into stiff plastic
During layer, the cutting tooth on PDC drill bit is difficult often effective wedging bottom rock, and the rate of penetration of drill bit will become very slow,
It is difficult to obtain preferable drill bit using effect.
In order to tackle such case, Chinese patent CN 200880016630.0 discloses a kind of " Mixed drilling bit ", the drill bit
By with roller cone and fixing wing combined cut structure, the impact crushing broken rock mode of gear wheel and scraping for wing can be cut
Broken rock mode combines, and preferably comprehensive drilling effect is resulted under the conditions of particular formation.But the deficiency of the drill bit is main
Show：Extraordinary failure occurs for the diamond tooth that the shock loading produced by gear wheel broken rock is easily caused in fixing wing, such as
Tipping, delamination, broken teeth or fall tooth etc., the efficient application to drill bit bring uncertain factor.Chinese patent CN
201010229371.9 disclose " a kind of composite drill bit with cutting way broken rock ", and the drill bit make use of " cuts shape alternately to scrape
Formula broken rock can improve efficiency of breaking rock " thought, it is proposed that by a kind of runner for being installed with the high intensity cutting tooth such as PDC teeth with it is solid
The composite drill bit of the alternate arrangement of the stationary knife wing." runner-fixing wing " combined cut structure that the drill bit has can be in shaft bottom
Netted broken region is formed on rock, even wearing, drilling life of bit long the advantages of high with efficiency of breaking rock.The drill bit institute
The runner stated is a kind of passive rotary cutting structure, is realized under the conditions of the reaction force of formation rock " slow alternately to cut
Journey ".But influence the factor of runner rotary motion a lot, such as formation rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, wheel body cutting structure and fixation
Matching relationship, drilling parameter condition and the wheel body and bearing of cutting structure or the frictional force of axle journal etc., therefore runner rotary motion
Rule exists uncertain.When the comprehensive driving force direction of the rotation of wheel body is possible to the rotational line with wheel body under some special operation conditions
Velocity attitude is vertical, also as dead point operating mode, and wheel body will get stuck motionless.Now, drill bit will be unable to realize " alternately to scrape
Cut form broken rock " effect.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of achievable eccentric swing rotation
PDC drill bit instrument, a kind of underground transmission mechanism that can produce eccentric swing rotation is combined with PDC drill bit, passes through the underground
The compound motion of transmission mechanism and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, can provide a kind of motion of alternation cutting movement track for PDC drill bit, one be can shape
The netted intersection working angles in paired shaft bottom, increase Cutter improves efficiency of breaking rock to the wedging ability of rock；Two be to become
" cutting " broken rock is " alternation plow " broken rock, can improve the self-sharpening and attacking ability of drill bit, is conducive to improving efficiency of breaking rock；Three
It is that the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has " mandatory ", reliability is high.Especially in deep bad ground high rigidity, high grinding
Property stratum has obvious technical advantage.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
The PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, including eccentric shaft, shell body, PDC drill bit and pendulum
Bobbin, the PDC drill bit is fixedly connected on the end of cycloid axle, the inwall of the shell body and is evenly equipped with some hypocycloidal tooths,
Some epicycloidal teeth are evenly equipped with the outer wall of the cycloid axle, the epicycloidal tooth is meshed with hypocycloidal tooth, makes the cycloid
Axle can become track eccentric rotary relative to shell body；The gearratio of cycloid axle formation set on the eccentric shaft is matched with the inner chamber of cycloid axle
Form revolute pair；The inner flow passage of the eccentric shaft, the inner flow passage of cycloid axle are connected with the inner flow passage of PDC drill bit.
As a result of said structure, the epicycloidal tooth outside the hypocycloidal tooth set in shell body and cycloid axle is mutually nibbled
Close, make the present invention when driving PDC drill bit formation alternation Cutting trajectory, moment of torsion transmission is produced by two kinds of transfer mode collective effects
It is raw, one is directly passing to shell body by connection screw thread by the rotation torque of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, then pass through hypocycloid thereon
The gear pair of tooth and epicycloidal tooth passes to cycloid axle, and then passes to PDC drill bit by connection screw thread；The second is well dynamic
Drilling tool（Such as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill）The moment of torsion of output passes to eccentric shaft through connection screw thread, then outer through gearratio of cycloid axle formation
Pendulum is passed under revolute pair and the gear pair collective effect of hypocycloidal tooth and epicycloidal tooth that the face of cylinder is formed with epicycloidal tooth
Bobbin, and then PDC drill bit is passed to by connection screw thread；Gap wherein in shell between any two adjacent hypocycloidal tooths is equal
It can be engaged with the epicycloidal tooth in cycloid axle, and wherein the quantity of hypocycloidal tooth, the number of teeth of epicycloidal tooth can be according to actual need
Power transmission ratio is found, the matching and transmission of dynamic torque is convenient for；Gearratio of cycloid axle formation and cycloid axle wherein on eccentric shaft
With revolute pair is formed, when making eccentric shaft turns, gearratio of cycloid axle formation drives cycloid axle to do change track eccentric rotary relative to shell body, from
And drive PDC drill bit to do alternation cutting movement track, one is that can form the netted intersection working angles to shaft bottom, and increase drill bit is cut
Wedging ability of the tooth to rock is cut, efficiency of breaking rock is improved；Two be to become " cutting " broken rock into " alternation plow " broken rock, can improve drill bit
Self-sharpening and attacking ability, be conducive to slowing down the rate of wear of cutting tooth；Three be that the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has
" mandatory ", reliability is high.Especially there is obvious technical advantage in deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum.Tool
Body is：1st, alternation track cutting movement can effectively improve the broken rock drilling efficiency of drill bit.Conventional fixed cutting tooth PDC drill bit is in well
The movement locus at bottom is circle, and every tooth is scraped all along the rotational trajectory of each self-retaining and cuts motion, either live drill bit
Drilling and failure mode, or indoor drillability experiment can reflect that stratum of the PDC drill bit under this motion state is eaten
Enter the efficiency of breaking rock that capacity drill bit, particularly in deep bad ground, this influence is even more serious.And this patent can be real
The existing netted alternation track cutting movement in shaft bottom, is conducive to cutting tooth to effective wedging of rock, is conducive to the broken of rock, and then
Effectively improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.2nd, self-sharpening and the attack of drill bit can be improved into " alternation plow " broken rock by becoming " cutting " broken rock
Ability.When conventional fixing tooth PDC drill bit does Circular test cutting movement in shaft bottom, its cutting linear velocity direction, working face normal
Direction immobilizes（It is relatively constant）, namely the working rake angle and cutting edge inclination of cutting tooth immobilize.It is generally conventional
The working rake angle size of drill bit is suitable with cutting structure anterior angle（30°-10°）, cutting edge inclination is then smaller（Typically within 5 °）, at this
PDC drill bit cutting tooth motion state under the state of kind is referred to as " cutting of negative rake shear blade " state.When PDC drill bit cutting tooth does alternation
During the cutting movement of track, the size of the cutting edge inclination of cutting tooth then changes all the time in motion process（Become by sine curve rule
Change）.When cutting edge inclination it is big to a certain extent when, cutting tooth is just changed into " plow " with the contact movement state of bottom rock and contacted, this
The change of one cutting state can effectively improve the aggressiveness of drill bit, and then improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.Meanwhile, the change of cutting edge inclination
Change is two-way, that is, the shear blade cutting for changing conventional cutting tooth is the left and right alternating twolip of cutting tooth under the moving condition of alternation track
Cutting, its effect is while cutting tooth friction durability is increased, to improve the special sharp ability of cutting tooth, and then improves and bore
The service behaviour of head.3rd, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has mandatory.Either gear wheel-PDC composite drill bits are still taken turns
Formula composite diamond drill bit, is that fixing tooth cutting structure and wheeling thereof cutting structure are composited, the rotation of wheel body is logical
The reaction force with formation rock is crossed as rotary power, as passive rotary motion.Influence the factor of wheel body rotary motion very
It is many, such as formation rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, the matching relationship of wheel body cutting structure and stationary cutting structure, drilling parameter condition
With the frictional force of wheel body and bearing or axle journal etc., thus wheel body rotary motion rule exist it is uncertain.When in some special works
The comprehensive driving force direction of the rotation of wheel body is possible to vertical with the linear velocity direction of wheel body under condition, also as dead point operating mode, this
When wheel body will get stuck it is motionless.It is often able to observe the situation that wheel body can not rotate in testing indoors.Institute of the present invention
In the organization plan of proposition, the non-circular curve spinning motion power resources of PDC drill bit are in tool interior, the interaction with formation rock
Firmly to its characteristics of motion impact effect less, therefore, it is possible to ensure " the alternation track cutting movement " of PDC drill bit implementation rule,
Its functional reliability is significantly improved.Well liquid circulation is the endoporus that drilling fluid passes through eccentric shaft in DRILL-STRING SYSTEM in the present invention
The inner duct in road, cycloid axle, then inner flow passage and nozzle through PDC drill bit enter down-hole annular, and then set up circulation of drilling fluid system
System, it is ensured that PDC drill bit fills mud while alternation Cutting trajectory is produced, it is ensured that the normal drilling of PDC drill bit.
The PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, the eccentric shaft is threadedly connected to well dynamic
In drilling tool output end, the shell body is threadedly connected in drill string system end.
As a result of said structure, by the lower power of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM in the connection screw thread and oil drilling on eccentric shaft
Drilling tool（Such as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill）Output end be connected, can be provided to eccentric shaft its rotation power, ensure simultaneously
It can be produced relative rotation between eccentric shaft and shell body.Moment of torsion transmission in the present invention is produced by two kinds of transfer mode collective effects
It is raw, one is directly passing to shell body by connection screw thread by the rotation torque of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM, then pass through hypocycloid thereon
The gear pair of tooth and epicycloidal tooth passes to cycloid axle, and then passes to PDC drill bit by connection screw thread；The second is well dynamic
Drilling tool（Such as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill）The moment of torsion of output passes to eccentric shaft through connection screw thread, then outer through gearratio of cycloid axle formation
Under revolute pair and hypocycloidal tooth and the gear pair collective effect of epicycloidal tooth that the face of cylinder and the lower surface of positioning shaft shoulder are formed
Cycloid axle is passed to, and then PDC drill bit is passed to by connection screw thread.
The PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, the epicycloidal tooth（41）With hypocycloidal tooth（5）
In the composition that is meshed engaged transmission relation, the eccentric shaft and gearratio >=7 of cycloid axle formation:On 1, and the eccentric shaft partially
Eccentric distance e≤6mm of heart shaft part.
As a result of said structure, the mechanism cooperated with cycloid axle is set in shell body, such as with cycloid axle
The hypocycloidal tooth of outer epicycloidal tooth matching, makes the present invention when driving PDC drill bit formation alternation Cutting trajectory, moment of torsion transmission by
Two kinds of transfer mode collective effects are produced, one is directly passing to shell by connection screw thread by the rotation torque of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM
Body, then cycloid axle is passed to by hypocycloidal tooth and the gear pair of epicycloidal tooth thereon, and then passed to by connection screw thread
PDC drill bit；The second is mud motor（Such as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill）The moment of torsion of output is passed to partially through connection screw thread
Heart axle, then the revolute pair that is formed of the external cylindrical surface through gearratio of cycloid axle formation and epicycloidal tooth and hypocycloidal tooth and epicycloidal tooth gear
Cycloid axle is passed under secondary collective effect, and then PDC drill bit is passed to by connection screw thread；Wherein some hypocycloidal tooths are arranged in
On the inwall of shell body, the gap between any two adjacent hypocycloidal tooths can be engaged with cycloid axle, and wherein hypocycloidal tooth
Quantity, the number of teeth of epicycloidal tooth can find power transmission ratio according to actual needs, be convenient for the matching of dynamic torque with
Transmission.And by reasonably matching geometry parameter（Cycloid axle number of teeth, the hypocycloid number of teeth, eccentric throw etc.）And kinematics parameters
（Such as eccentric rotating speed, shell body rotating speed）PDC drill bit cutting tooth can be made to obtain more regular shaft bottom alternation cutting movement
Track, the exactly characteristic can make PDC drill bit provide a kind of alternation cutting movement track, on the one hand can form the netted friendship to shaft bottom
Working angles are pitched, increase Cutter improves efficiency of breaking rock to the wedging ability of rock；Two be to become " cutting " broken rock " to hand over
Become plow " broken rock, the self-sharpening and attacking ability of drill bit can be improved；Three be drill bit alternation track cutting movement have " force
Property ", reliability is high.The alternation Cutting trajectory motion that the present invention is realized is remarkably improved PDC drill bit stratum wedging ability, improves
Efficiency of breaking rock, is also beneficial to slow down the rate of wear of cutting tooth, particularly deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum tool
There is obvious technical advantage.
In the PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, the engaged transmission relation, the eccentric shaft
Gearratio with cycloid axle formation is that the eccentric distance e of gearratio of cycloid axle formation on 7, and the eccentric shaft is 6mm.
As a result of said structure, preferred geometry parameter is in the present invention：Cycloid axle, the number of teeth are 7, hypocycloid
Tooth, the number of teeth are 8, when eccentric distance e is 6, it is assumed that mud motor rotating speed is 140 revs/min, and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 0 rev/min
When, PDC drill bit, on single tooth can realize movement locus as shown in figure 18；Assuming that mud motor rotating speed be 120 turns/
Point, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 40 revs/min（Gearratio i=3）, the single tooth on PDC drill bit can realize motion as shown in figure 19
Track；Assuming that mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min（Gearratio i=2）, PDC brills
Single tooth on head can realize its movement locus；Assuming that it is 12 to change wherein geometric parameter eccentric distance e, kinematics parameters underground is moved
Power drilling tool rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min（Gearratio i=2）, the single tooth on PDC drill bit can be real
Its existing movement locus.
The lower contact connected on the PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, the shell body will be put
Bobbin is limited in shell body, and capacity eccentric bearing is provided with the lower contact, and the PDC drill bit passes through the capacity eccentric bearing in lower contact
And it is threadedly connected to the lower end of cycloid axle.
As a result of said structure, capacity eccentric bearing is installed between the PDC drill bit and lower contact, capacity eccentric bearing can
Think roller capacity eccentric bearing, sliding bearing, or cylinder roller bearing or double-row conical bearing, or aligning roller axle
Hold, PDC drill bit is in the case where becoming track eccentric rotational motion state into cantilever structure, and its rigidity of structure and mechanical stability are more normal
The working condition for advising PDC drill bit is low.And capacity eccentric bearing is set up, " eccentric wheel-PDC drill bit " mechanism can be made to be changed into dual-gripper knot
Structure, and then the rigidity of structure and mechanical stability are improved, reach preferable using effect.
The PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, provided with floating between the PDC drill bit and lower contact
Formula sealing structure, the floating sealing structure includes floating ring, sealing gland and sealing ring, wherein in the axial plane of floating ring
With sealing ring is provided with sagittal plane, the sealing ring is fitted on PDC drill bit and sealing gland respectively, make PDC drill bit with
Sealing is formed between lower contact, the sealing gland is connected in lower contact, the floating ring is located at sealing gland and lower contact
Between, and track eccentric rotary can be become in the cavity between lower contact and sealing gland with PDC drill bit.
As a result of said structure, it is provided with sealing ring to realize that PDC is bored in the axially and radially plane of floating ring
Sealing between head and lower contact, while floating ring can become with PDC drill bit in the cavity between lower contact and sealing gland
Track eccentric rotary, you can realize " floating sealing ", so that it is guaranteed that relative change rail can occur between PDC drill bit and lower contact
Mark eccentric rotary, can form dynamic sealing, it is ensured that sealing effectiveness again.So that one aspect of the present invention should have preferable lubricating condition,
On the other hand should try one's best and avoid the hard particles in outside drilling fluid from entering movement pair surface causing abrasive wear, therefore be to carry
The practicality and reliability of high the present embodiment, set sealing mechanism very necessary.
The PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, the eccentric shaft is provided with gearratio of cycloid axle formation and determines
Position the shaft shoulder, wherein between the inner chamber of gearratio of cycloid axle formation and cycloid axle be provided with radial thrust bearing group, the lower surface of the eccentric shaft with
Sealing ring is provided between cycloid axle to be sealed, and journal bearing is provided between the positioning shaft shoulder and shell body.
As a result of said structure, radial axle is installed between the shaft shoulder and shell body inner surface of the eccentric shaft
Hold.Especially, thrust bearings are no less than two TC type centripetal thrust forces by what bearing inner race, bearing outer ring and rolling element were constituted
The combination of bearing；Journal bearing is needle bearing or sliding bearing or roll-slide combined bearing.Because the change track of PDC drill bit is eccentric
Rotation makes eccentric shaft and cycloid axle bear the asymmetric power of larger radial direction, while the pressure of the drill of PDC drill bit need to be transmitted by eccentric shaft
To cycloid axle and then pass to PDC drill bit.Therefore can be produced between eccentric shaft and shell body, between eccentric shaft and cycloid axle compared with
Big contact friction force, to slow down influence of this contact friction force to mechanical structure fretting wear described in the present embodiment, sets up
Thrust bearings and journal bearing are to improve the job stability of the present embodiment and increase the service life.
It is evenly equipped with the PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation of the present invention, the outer wall of the shell body some
Stupefied gauge, the stupefied gauge is provided with some passive wear teeth and/or active gage teeths as a result of said structure, shell body
External cylindrical surface on be provided with stupefied gauge, the stupefied gauge can be vertical bar shape structure, or helicoidal structure, and its quantity is
Two or more.PDC drill bit does alternation track cutting movement, cutting output of the cutting tooth within a gyration period thereon
Change all the time with chip-load, therefore the mechanical stability overall to PDC drill bit causes considerable influence, therefore strengthen protecting
The anti-wear performance and gauge ability of gauge structure are particularly important.Can have in this case through scheme proposed by the invention
Effect reduction does alternation track cutting movement because of cutting tooth, and to negative effect that the overall drilling effect of PDC drill bit is caused.One side
The passive antifriction tooth in face can be reduced effectively because of the drill bit laterally uneven too high excessive wear to caused by bit gauge protection structure, and playing
Protect the effect of drill body structure.There is the bit gauge protection structure of high wear resistance simultaneously, can be provided preferably for PDC drill bit
Righting stability, be conducive to improve drill bit drilling performance.On the other hand, the present invention in PDC drill bit geometry external diameter than
Institute's bored borehole size is small, and under the conditions of drill bit does alternation track cutting movement, the gauge teeth or rule footpath tooth depended merely on bit body are past
Toward the requirement for being difficult to meet in drilling process to the regular borehole wall.Therefore, introduce and actively cut in the stupefied gauge of shell body in invention
Tooth is cut, the gauge ability of the present embodiment can be effectively improved, and then improve drilling quality and drill bit drilling ability.Wherein in the present invention
So-called " active cutting tooth " is defined as fixed form of the cutting tooth on gauge block for " normal direction line of cutting tooth working face and cutting
Angle folded by the stabilizer RADIAL of tooth position point is larger ", generally the angle is not less than 60 °, in the case of this kind
Cutting tooth with negative rake wedging and can scrape and cut the borehole wall, reach the effect of active gage；So-called " passive resistance to roll flutes " are defined as cutting
Fixed form of the tooth on wiper block is " normal direction line of cutting tooth working face and the stabilizer RADIAL of cutting tooth position point
Folded angle is smaller ", the angle is generally less than 10 °, and cutting tooth is only capable of with friction and Extrusion mode gauge in the case of this kind, is referred to as
Passive gauge.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, alternation track cutting movement can effectively improve the broken rock drilling efficiency of drill bit.Conventional fixed cutting tooth PDC drill bit
Movement locus in shaft bottom is circle, and every tooth is scraped all along the rotational trajectory of each self-retaining and cuts motion, either live
Drill bit is crept into and failure mode, or indoor drillability experiment can reflect ground of the PDC drill bit under this motion state
Layer wedging capacity the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, and particularly in deep bad ground, this influence is even more serious.And this patent
The netted alternation track cutting movement in shaft bottom can be achieved, is conducive to cutting tooth to effective wedging of rock, is conducive to the broken of rock,
And then effectively improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.
2nd, the self-sharpening and attacking ability of drill bit can be improved into " alternation plow " broken rock by becoming " cutting " broken rock.Conventional fixing tooth
When PDC drill bit does Circular test cutting movement in shaft bottom, its cutting linear velocity direction, working face normal direction immobilize
（It is relatively constant）, namely the working rake angle and cutting edge inclination of cutting tooth immobilize.The generally working rake angle of conventional bit
Size is suitable with cutting structure anterior angle（30°-10°）, cutting edge inclination is then smaller（Typically within 5 °）, PDC in this state
Cutter motion state is referred to as " cutting of negative rake shear blade " state.When PDC drill bit cutting tooth does alternation track cutting movement
When, the size of the cutting edge inclination of cutting tooth then changes all the time in motion process（Change by sine curve rule）.When cutting edge inclination is big
When to a certain extent, cutting tooth is just changed into " plow " with the contact movement state of bottom rock and contacted, the change of this cutting state
Change can effectively improve the aggressiveness of drill bit, and then improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.Meanwhile, the change of cutting edge inclination be it is two-way, i.e.,
The shear blade cutting for changing conventional cutting tooth is the left and right alternating twolip cutting of cutting tooth under the moving condition of alternation track, and its effect is
While cutting tooth friction durability is increased, the special sharp ability of cutting tooth is improved, and then improve the service behaviour of drill bit.
3rd, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has mandatory.Either gear wheel-PDC composite drill bits or wheeled compound
Diamond bit, is that fixing tooth cutting structure and wheeling thereof cutting structure are composited, the rotation of wheel body be by with ground
The reaction force of layer rock is used as rotary power, as passive rotary motion.Influence the factor of wheel body rotary motion a lot, as
Layer rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, the matching relationship of wheel body cutting structure and stationary cutting structure, drilling parameter condition and wheel body
With the frictional force of bearing or axle journal etc., thus wheel body rotary motion rule exist it is uncertain.When in some special operation condition lower whorls
The comprehensive driving force direction of rotation of body is possible to vertical with the linear velocity direction of wheel body, also as dead point operating mode, at this moment wheel body
It will get stuck motionless.It is often able to observe the situation that wheel body can not rotate in testing indoors.Proposed by the invention
In organization plan, the non-circular curve spinning motion power resources of PDC drill bit are in tool interior, the interreaction force pair with formation rock
Its characteristics of motion impact effect is little, therefore, it is possible to ensure " the alternation track cutting movement " of PDC drill bit implementation rule, its work
Reliability is significantly improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional installation diagram of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure composition figure of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1 and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM in the present invention.
Fig. 4 for Fig. 1 A-A to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the eccentric shaft of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of the shell body of embodiment 1 in the present invention, and part is broken away to show inside it shown in the figure
Structure.
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of the eccentric wheel of embodiment 1 in the present invention, and part is broken away to show inside it shown in the figure
Structure.
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of the lower contact of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of the PDC drill bit of embodiment 1 in this present invention.
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional installation diagram of embodiment 2 in the present invention.
Figure 11 is the structure composition figure of embodiment 3 in the present invention.
Figure 12 is the installation diagram of embodiment 4 in the present invention.
Figure 13 is the I partial views in the installation diagram of embodiment 4 in the present invention.
Figure 14 is the II partial views in the installation diagram of embodiment 4 in the present invention.
Figure 15 is the kinematic sketch of mechanism of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 16 is a kind of cutting tooth well-bottom trace line of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 17 is second of cutting tooth well-bottom trace line of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 18 is the third cutting tooth well-bottom trace line of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Figure 19 is the 4th kind of cutting tooth well-bottom trace line of embodiment 1 in the present invention.
Marked in figure：1- eccentric shafts；2- shell bodies；3-PDC drill bits；4- cycloid axles；5- hypocycloidal tooths；6- lower contacts；7-
Capacity eccentric bearing；8- mud motor outputs；9- drill string system ends；10- radial thrust bearing groups；11- connection screw threads；
12- gearratio of cycloid axle formation；13- positioning shaft shoulders；15- journal bearings；16- sealing rings；17- floating sealing structures；17a- floating rings；
17b- sealing glands；17c- fastening bolts；17d- sealing rings；17e- spring washers；21- stupefied gauges；The upper connection of 22- shell bodies
Screw thread；The lower connection screw thread of 23- shell bodies；The unload buckle side of 24- shell bodies；The connection screw thread of 31-PDC drill bits；32-PDC drill bits
On wing structure；PDC teeth in 33- wing structures；41- epicycloidal teeth；42- eccentric wheel connection screw threads；Profile is put outside 43-
Line；The external cylindrical surface of 1a- positioning shaft shoulders；The lower surface of 1b- positioning shaft shoulders；The external cylindrical surface of 1c- gearratio of cycloid axle formation；1d- eccentric shafts
Lower surface, the upper surface of 4a- cycloid axles；The inner cylinder face of 4b- cycloid axles；The inner face of 4c- cycloid axles；61- lower contacts
Connection screw thread；The unload buckle side of 62-lower contact；6a- upper surfaces；6b- lower surfaces；211- passive resistance to roll flutes；212- active gages
Tooth.
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.
This specification（Including any accessory claim, summary）Disclosed in any feature, unless specifically stated otherwise,
Replaced by other equivalent or with similar purpose alternative features.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is a series of
An example in equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1 to 9, the PDC drill bit instrument of achievable eccentric swing of the invention rotation, it is by eccentric shaft 1, shell
Body 2, PDC drill bit 3, cycloid axle 4, lower contact 6 are constituted, wherein：
As shown in figure 5, one end of eccentric shaft 1 is provided with connection screw thread 11, middle part is provided with positioning shaft shoulder 13, gearratio of cycloid axle formation
Centre-to-centre spacing between 12 geometric center and the geometric center of eccentric shaft body is e.
As shown in fig. 6, the upper and lower ends portion of shell body 2 is respectively arranged with connection screw thread 22 and 23.Set on external cylindrical surface
Have stupefied gauge 21, the stupefied gauge 21 can be vertical bar shape structure, or helicoidal structure, its quantity be two or two with
On.Axial unload buckle side 25 is provided with the upper end of shell body 2, the unload buckle side is in pairs and is arranged symmetrically.In shell body 2
Some uniform hypocycloidal tooths 5 are provided with the face of cylinder.
As shown in fig. 7, the bottom of cycloid axle 4 is provided with connection screw thread 42, epicycloidal tooth is provided with its external cylindrical surface
41, the gearratio and the quantity of hypocycloidal tooth 5 that its number of teeth is exported by the present invention are determined, it is ladder pore passage structure that it is internal.
As shown in figure 8, one end of lower contact 6, which is provided with connection screw thread 61, external cylindrical surface, is provided with unload buckle side 62, this is unloaded
Buckle side is in pairs and is arranged symmetrically that inside is straight hole or ladder pore passage structure.
As shown in figure 9, PDC drill bit 3 and conventional PDC drill bit are essentially identical, its one end has a connection screw thread 31, and the other end is cut
Cut and some wings 32 are provided with structure, some PDC teeth 33 are fixed with wing 32.
The assembly relation of involved each parts is in the present embodiment：Connection screw thread 14 and petroleum drilling on eccentric shaft 1
The lower power drilling tool of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM in well（Such as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill）Output end 8 be connected.Gearratio of cycloid axle formation 12 is inserted
Enter into the inner duct of cycloid axle and form revolute pair, the inner cylinder face of the external cylindrical surface and shell body 2 of positioning shaft shoulder 13 is formed
Revolute pair, and form positioning relation.Connection screw thread 22 is connected with drill string system end 9 on shell body 2, lower connection screw thread 23
It is connected to a fixed with the connection screw thread 61 of lower contact 6.Epicycloidal tooth 41 in cycloid axle 4 is engaged with hypocycloidal tooth 5, and is formed
Meshing relation.Wherein, the axially position of hypocycloidal tooth 5 is the upper surface of lower surface 1b by positioning shaft shoulder 13 and lower contact 6
What 6a was realized.PDC drill bit 3 is connected to a fixed by connection screw thread 31 thereon and the connection screw thread 42 of the bottom of cycloid axle 4.
Such as enable the PDC drill bit equipment normal work in the present embodiment（Persistently creep into broken rock）, three bars need to be met
Part, one is that can to continue transmission the pressure of the drill to PDC drill bit, two be persistently to transfer torque to PDC drill bit, and three be that can set up drilling fluid
Peripheral passage.Load transfer mode in the present embodiment is to pass to eccentric shaft 1 through connection screw thread 14 from DRILL-STRING SYSTEM the pressure of the drill,
1b faces through eccentric shaft pass to the 4a faces of cycloid axle 4, then pass to PDC drill bit 3 through connection screw thread 42 and its end face；Or through inclined
The 1d faces of heart axle pass to the 4c faces of cycloid axle 4, then pass to PDC drill bit 3 through connection screw thread 42 and its end face, and then realize this
The load transfer of embodiment.Moment of torsion transmission in the present embodiment is produced by two kinds of transfer mode collective effects, one is by drill string
The rotation torque of system directly passes to shell body 2, then pass through hypocycloidal tooth 5 and epicycloidal tooth thereon by connection screw thread 22
41 gear pair passes to cycloid axle 4, and then passes to PDC drill bit 3 by connection screw thread 42；The second is mud motor
（Such as helicoid hydraulic motor, turbodrill）The moment of torsion of output passes to eccentric shaft 1 through connection screw thread 14, then through 1c faces and 4b faces institute shape
Into revolute pair and hypocycloidal tooth 5 and epicycloidal tooth 41 gear pair collective effect under pass to cycloid axle 4, and then pass through connection
Screw thread 42 passes to PDC drill bit 3.Circulation of drilling fluid in the present embodiment is that drilling fluid passes through eccentric shaft in DRILL-STRING SYSTEM
1 inner duct, the inner duct of cycloid axle 4, then inner flow passage and nozzle through PDC drill bit enter down-hole annular, and then set up drilling well
Fluid circulation.
" alternation Cutting trajectory " characteristic that the present embodiment has is further analyzed below.
Such as Figure 17 is the kinematic sketch of mechanism of the present embodiment, eccentric if the gearratio between eccentric shaft 1 and cycloid axle 4 is i'
The eccentric throw of shaft part is e.The geometrical structure parameter of the present embodiment is taken respectively：The number of teeth of cycloid axle 1 is 7, and the number of teeth of hypocycloidal tooth 5 is
8, when eccentric distance e is 6, it is assumed that mud motor rotating speed is 140 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 0 rev/min, PDC drill bit 3
On single tooth 33 can realize movement locus as shown in figure 18；Assuming that mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, drill string system
When rotating speed of uniting is 40 revs/min（Gearratio i=3）, the single tooth 33 on PDC drill bit 3 can realize movement locus as shown in figure 19；
Assuming that mud motor rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min（Gearratio i=2）, on PDC drill bit 3
Single tooth 33 can realize its movement locus；Assuming that it is 12, kinematics parameters well to change geometric parameter eccentric distance e in the present embodiment
Lower power drilling tool rotating speed is 120 revs/min, when DRILL-STRING SYSTEM rotating speed is 60 revs/min（Gearratio i=2）, single on PDC drill bit 3
Tooth 33 can realize its movement locus.It was found from the kinematic trajectory analysis of above-mentioned the present embodiment, by reasonably matching this implementation
The geometry parameter of example（Cycloid axle number of teeth, the hypocycloidal tooth number of teeth, eccentric throw etc.）And kinematics parameters（Such as eccentric rotating speed, outside
Housing rotating speed etc.）PDC drill bit cutting tooth can be made to obtain more regular shaft bottom alternation cutting movement track, exactly the characteristic can
PDC drill bit is set to obtain the beneficial effect as mentioned by " content of the invention " in patent of the present invention.Therefore, the alternation that the present invention is realized
Cutting trajectory motion is remarkably improved PDC drill bit stratum wedging ability, improves efficiency of breaking rock, is also beneficial to slow down the mill of cutting tooth
Damaging speed, particularly deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum has obvious technical advantage.Wherein i ' is eccentric shaft
Gearratio between 4 and Cycloidal Wheel 41;I is mud motor and the gearratio of DRILL-STRING SYSTEM.
Embodiment 2：
As shown in Figure 10, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and its difference is：It is fixed in the stupefied gauge 21
There are passive resistance to roll flutes 211 or active cutting tooth 212, or be fixed with passive antifriction tooth 211 and active cutting tooth 212 simultaneously.
Conventional PDC drill bit is under preferable drilling condition（Here " preferable drilling condition " refers to PDC drill bit in drilling broken rock mistake
Cheng Zhong, the drill bit centre of gyration with well track center superposition or the approximate working condition overlapped）Cutting tooth is a revolution week
Cutting output and chip-load change in phase is little, therefore its mechanical stability is preferable（Under preferable drilling condition, most PDC
The horizontal out-of-balance force of drill bit and the ratio of axial force can be controlled within 5% level）.
And in the present embodiment, PDC drill bit does alternation track cutting movement, cutting tooth thereon is within a gyration period
Cutting output and chip-load change all the time, therefore the mechanical stability overall to PDC drill bit causes considerable influence, because
This anti-wear performance and gauge ability for strengthening the gauge structure in the present embodiment are particularly important.In this case through this
The scheme that embodiment is proposed can be reduced effectively because cutting tooth does alternation track cutting movement and the overall drilling of PDC drill bit is imitated
The negative effect that fruit is caused.On the one hand passive antifriction tooth can be reduced effectively because the horizontal out-of-balance force of drill bit is too high to bit gauge protection knot
The excessive wear being configured to, and play a part of protecting drill body structure.There is the gauge structure of high wear resistance simultaneously
Preferable righting stability can be provided for PDC drill bit, be conducive to improving drill bit drilling performance.On the other hand, in the present embodiment
PDC drill bit geometry external diameter it is smaller than institute's bored borehole size, under the conditions of drill bit does alternation track cutting movement, depend merely on bit body
On gauge teeth or rule footpath tooth be often difficult to meet the requirement in drilling process to the regular borehole wall.Therefore, it is outer in the present embodiment
Active cutting tooth is introduced in the stupefied gauge of housing, the gauge ability of the present embodiment can be effectively improved, so improve drilling quality and
Drill bit drilling ability.
In the present embodiment, it is " cutting that so-called " active cutting tooth ", which is defined as fixed form of the cutting tooth on gauge block,
The normal direction line of tooth working face and angle folded by the stabilizer RADIAL of cutting tooth position point are larger ", the generally angle
Degree is not less than 60 °, and cutting tooth with negative rake wedging and can scrape and cut the borehole wall in the case of this kind, reach the effect of active gage；It is so-called
It is " normal direction line of cutting tooth working face and cutting tooth institute that " passive resistance to roll flutes ", which are defined as fixed form of the cutting tooth on wiper block,
Angle folded by stabilizer RADIAL in location point is smaller ", the angle is generally less than 10 °, in the case of this kind cutting tooth be only capable of with
Friction and Extrusion mode gauge, referred to as passive gauge.
Embodiment 3：
As shown in figure 11, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 2, and its difference is：In the PDC drill bit 3 and cycloid
Lower contact 6 is provided between axle 4, the lower contact 6 is connected on shell body 2, and pacified between the PDC drill bit 3 and lower contact 6
Equipped with capacity eccentric bearing 7.Capacity eccentric bearing 7 can be roller capacity eccentric bearing, sliding bearing, or cylinder roller bearing or biserial
Taper roll bearing, or self-aligning roller bearing.
Due in the present embodiment, PDC drill bit 3 in the case where becoming track eccentric rotational motion state into cantilever structure, its structure
The working condition of the more conventional PDC drill bit of rigidity and mechanical stability is low.Capacity eccentric bearing 7 is introduced in the present embodiment, can be made
" eccentric wheel-PDC drill bit " mechanism is changed into dual-support structure, and then improves the rigidity of structure and mechanical stability of the present embodiment, reaches
To preferable practical function.
Embodiment 4：
As shown in figure 12, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, and its difference is：In the eccentric shaft of the eccentric shaft 2
Thrust bearings 10 are installed between the 12 and inner surface 4b of cycloid axle 4 of section；In the shaft shoulder 13 and shell body 2 of the eccentric shaft 1
Journal bearing 15 is installed between surface.Especially, thrust bearings 10 are by bearing inner race, bearing outer ring and rolling element institute group
Into the combination no less than two TC type radial thrust bearings；Journal bearing 15 is needle bearing or sliding bearing or skid composite shaft
Hold.
In the present embodiment, due to the change track eccentric rotary of PDC drill bit, to bear eccentric shaft and cycloid axle larger
Radially asymmetric power, while the pressure of the drill of PDC drill bit need to be passed to cycloid axle by eccentric shaft and then pass to PDC drill bit.Therefore exist
Between eccentric shaft and shell body, larger contact friction force can be produced between eccentric shaft and cycloid axle, is rubbed to slow down this contact
Influence of the power to mechanical structure fretting wear described in the present embodiment is wiped, spy introduces the thrust bearings 10 and footpath described in the present embodiment
The job stability of the present embodiment and increased the service life with improving to bearing 15.
Embodiment 6：
As shown in Figure 13, Figure 14 and Figure 15, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 5, and its difference is：In the bias
Sealing ring 16 is provided between the lower surface 1d of gearratio of cycloid axle formation 12 of axle 1 and the end face 4c of cycloid axle 4；In lower contact 6 and PDC drill bit
Floating sealing structure 17 is provided between 3.
In the present embodiment, thrust bearings 10, journal bearing 15 and hypocycloidal tooth mechanism, these machines are respectively arranged with
Structure or component are higher to operating environment requirements in worked.On the one hand there should be preferable lubricating condition, on the other hand should use up
Amount avoids the hard particles in outside drilling fluid from entering movement pair surface causing abrasive wear, therefore to improve the present embodiment
Practicality and reliability, set sealing mechanism very necessary.
In the present embodiment, floating sealing structure 17 is by floating ring 17a, sealing gland 17b, fastening bolt 17c, sealing ring
17d and 17e spring washers etc. are constituted.It is provided with sealing ring to realize PDC drill bit in floating ring 17a axially and radially plane
Sealing between lower contact, while floating ring can become rail with PDC drill bit in the cavity between lower contact and sealing gland
Mark eccentric rotary, you can realize " floating sealing ".
By above-described embodiment, the PDC drill bit instrument that achievable eccentric swing of the invention rotates can produce one kind
The underground transmission mechanism of raw eccentric swing rotation is combined with PDC drill bit, passes through answering for the underground transmission mechanism and DRILL-STRING SYSTEM
Resultant motion, can provide a kind of alternation cutting movement track for PDC drill bit, and one is that can be formed to cut the netted intersection in shaft bottom
Journey, increase Cutter improves efficiency of breaking rock to the wedging ability of rock；Two be to become " cutting " broken rock to break into " alternation plow "
Rock, can improve the self-sharpening and attacking ability of drill bit, be conducive to slowing down the rate of wear of cutting tooth；Three be the alternation track of drill bit
Cutting movement has " mandatory ", and reliability is high.Especially have in deep bad ground high rigidity, high abrasive stratum obvious
Technical advantage.Specially：Firstth, alternation track cutting movement can effectively improve the broken rock drilling efficiency of drill bit.Conventional fixation is cut
It is circle to cut movement locus of the tooth PDC drill bit in shaft bottom, and every tooth is scraped all along the rotational trajectory of each self-retaining and cuts motion,
Either live drill bit is crept into and failure mode, or indoor drillability experiment can reflect PDC drill bit in this motion
Stratum wedging capacity under state the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, and particularly in deep bad ground, this influence is more tight
Weight.And this patent can realize the netted alternation track cutting movement in shaft bottom, be conducive to cutting tooth to effective wedging of rock, be conducive to
Rock it is broken, and then effectively improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit.Secondth, becoming " cutting " broken rock can improve into " alternation plow " broken rock
The self-sharpening and attacking ability of drill bit.When conventional fixing tooth PDC drill bit does Circular test cutting movement in shaft bottom, its cutting linear velocity
Direction, working face normal direction immobilize（It is relatively constant）, namely cutting tooth working rake angle and cutting edge inclination fix not
Become.Generally the working rake angle size of conventional bit is suitable with cutting structure anterior angle（30°-10°）, cutting edge inclination is then smaller
（Typically within 5 °）, PDC drill bit cutting tooth motion state in this state is referred to as " cutting of negative rake shear blade " state.When
When PDC drill bit cutting tooth does alternation track cutting movement, the size of the cutting edge inclination of cutting tooth then changes all the time in motion process
（Change by sine curve rule）.When cutting edge inclination it is big to a certain extent when, the contact movement state of cutting tooth and bottom rock is just
It is changed into " plow " contact, the change of this cutting state can effectively improve the aggressiveness of drill bit, and then improve the broken rock effect of drill bit
Rate.Meanwhile, the change of cutting edge inclination is two-way, that is, the shear blade cutting for changing conventional cutting tooth is the moving condition incision of alternation track
The left and right alternating twolip cutting of tooth is cut, its effect is while cutting tooth friction durability is increased, to improve the special of cutting tooth
Sharp ability, and then improve the service behaviour of drill bit.3rd, the alternation track cutting movement of drill bit has mandatory.Either
Gear wheel-PDC composite drill bits or wheeled composite diamond drill bit, are that fixing tooth cutting structure and wheeling thereof cutting structure are multiple
Conjunction is formed, and the rotation of wheel body is to be used as rotary power, as passive rotary motion by the reaction force with formation rock.Influence
The factor of wheel body rotary motion is a lot, such as formation rock pattern and mechanical characteristic, wheel body cutting structure and stationary cutting structure
Frictional force of matching relationship, drilling parameter condition and wheel body and bearing or axle journal etc., therefore wheel body rotary motion rule is not in the presence of
Certainty.When the comprehensive driving force direction of the rotation of wheel body is possible to hang down with the linear velocity direction of wheel body under some special operation conditions
Directly, also as dead point operating mode, at this moment wheel body will get stuck motionless.It is often able to observe that wheel body can not in testing indoors
The situation of rotation.In organization plan proposed by the invention, the non-circular curve spinning motion power resources of PDC drill bit are in instrument
Portion, the interreaction force with formation rock is little to its characteristics of motion impact effect, therefore, it is possible to ensure PDC drill bit implementation rule
" alternation track cutting movement ", its functional reliability is significantly improved.
The invention is not limited in foregoing embodiment.The present invention, which is expanded to, any in this manual to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of PDC drill bit instrument of achievable eccentric swing rotation, it is characterised in that：It includes eccentric shaft（1）, shell body
（2）, PDC drill bit（3）And cycloid axle（4）, the PDC drill bit（3）It is fixedly connected on cycloid axle（4）End；The shell body
（2）Inwall on be evenly equipped with some hypocycloidal tooths（5）, the cycloid axle（4）Outer wall on be evenly equipped with some epicycloidal teeth（41）,
The epicycloidal tooth（41）With hypocycloidal tooth（5）It is meshed, makes the cycloid axle（4）Can be relative to shell body（2）Become track inclined
The heart rotates；The eccentric shaft（1）The gearratio of cycloid axle formation of upper setting（12）It is matched with cycloid axle（4）Inner chamber in form revolute pair；Institute
State eccentric shaft（1）Inner flow passage, cycloid axle（4）Inner flow passage and PDC drill bit（3）Inner flow passage connection；
The epicycloidal tooth（41）With hypocycloidal tooth（5）In the composition that is meshed engaged transmission relation, the eccentric shaft（1）With cycloid
Axle（4）Gearratio >=7 of formation:1, and the eccentric shaft（1）Upper gearratio of cycloid axle formation（12）Eccentric distance e≤6mm.
2. the PDC drill bit instrument that achievable eccentric swing rotates as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The epicycloid
Tooth（41）With hypocycloidal tooth（5）In the composition that is meshed engaged transmission relation, the eccentric shaft（1）With cycloid axle（4）The biography of formation
Dynamic ratio is 7, and the eccentric shaft（1）Upper gearratio of cycloid axle formation（12）Eccentric distance e be 6mm.
3. a kind of PDC drill bit instrument of achievable eccentric swing rotation, it is characterised in that：It includes eccentric shaft（1）, shell body
（2）, PDC drill bit（3）And cycloid axle（4）, the PDC drill bit（3）It is fixedly connected on cycloid axle（4）End；The shell body
（2）Inwall on be evenly equipped with some hypocycloidal tooths（5）, the cycloid axle（4）Outer wall on be evenly equipped with some epicycloidal teeth（41）,
The epicycloidal tooth（41）With hypocycloidal tooth（5）It is meshed, makes the cycloid axle（4）Can be relative to shell body（2）Become track inclined
The heart rotates；The eccentric shaft（1）The gearratio of cycloid axle formation of upper setting（12）It is matched with cycloid axle（4）Inner chamber in form revolute pair；Institute
State eccentric shaft（1）Inner flow passage, cycloid axle（4）Inner flow passage and PDC drill bit（3）Inner flow passage connection；
The eccentric shaft（1）It is threadedly connected to mud motor output（8）On, the shell body（2）It is threadedly connected to brill
Column system end（9）On；
The shell body（2）The lower contact of upper connection（6）By cycloid axle（4）It is limited to shell body（2）It is interior, the lower contact（6）
It is interior to be provided with capacity eccentric bearing（7）, the PDC drill bit（3）Through lower contact（6）Interior capacity eccentric bearing（7）And it is threadedly connected to cycloid
Axle（4）Lower end.
4. a kind of PDC drill bit instrument of achievable eccentric swing rotation, it is characterised in that：It includes eccentric shaft（1）, shell body
（2）, PDC drill bit（3）And cycloid axle（4）, the PDC drill bit（3）It is fixedly connected on cycloid axle（4）End；The shell body
（2）Inwall on be evenly equipped with some hypocycloidal tooths（5）, the cycloid axle（4）Outer wall on be evenly equipped with some epicycloidal teeth（41）,
The epicycloidal tooth（41）With hypocycloidal tooth（5）It is meshed, makes the cycloid axle（4）Can be relative to shell body（2）Become track inclined
The heart rotates；The eccentric shaft（1）The gearratio of cycloid axle formation of upper setting（12）It is matched with cycloid axle（4）Inner chamber in form revolute pair；Institute
State eccentric shaft（1）Inner flow passage, cycloid axle（4）Inner flow passage and PDC drill bit（3）Inner flow passage connection；
The shell body（2）The lower contact of upper connection（6）By cycloid axle（4）It is limited to shell body（2）It is interior, the lower contact（6）
It is interior to be provided with capacity eccentric bearing（7）, the PDC drill bit（3）Through lower contact（6）Interior capacity eccentric bearing（7）And it is threadedly connected to cycloid
Axle（4）Lower end；
The PDC drill bit（3）With lower contact（6）Between be provided with floating sealing structure（17）, the floating sealing structure（17）Bag
Include floating ring（17a）, sealing gland（17b）And sealing ring（17d）, wherein in floating ring（17a）Axial plane and radially flat
Sealing ring is provided with face（17d）, the sealing ring（17d）PDC drill bit is fitted in respectively（3）And sealing gland（17b）On, make
PDC drill bit（3）With lower contact（6）Between formed sealing, the sealing gland（17b）It is connected to lower contact（6）On, it is described to float
Ring（17a）Positioned at sealing gland（17b）With lower contact（6）Between, and can be with PDC drill bit（3）In lower contact（6）With sealing gland
（17b）Between cavity in become track eccentric rotary.
5. the PDC drill bit instrument that achievable eccentric swing rotates as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The eccentric shaft
（1）It is threadedly connected to mud motor output（8）On, the shell body（2）It is threadedly connected to drill string system end（9）
On.
6. the PDC drill bit instrument of the achievable eccentric swing rotation as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：The bias
Axle（1）It is provided with gearratio of cycloid axle formation（12）And positioning shaft shoulder（13）, wherein gearratio of cycloid axle formation（12）With cycloid axle（4）Inner chamber between set
There is radial thrust bearing group（10）, the lower surface of the eccentric shaft and cycloid axle（4）Between be provided with sealing ring（16）Carry out close
Envelope, the positioning shaft shoulder（13）With shell body（2）Between be provided with journal bearing（15）.
7. the PDC drill bit instrument that achievable eccentric swing rotates as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The shell body
（2）Outer wall on be evenly equipped with some stupefied gauges（21）, the stupefied gauge（21）It is provided with some passive resistance to roll flutes（211）And/or
Active gage tooth（212）；The PDC drill bit（3）Provided with some wing structures, it is disposed with the wing structure some
PDC teeth.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410426491.6A CN104314473B (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2014-08-27 | The PDC drill bit instrument of eccentric swing rotation can be achieved |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410426491.6A CN104314473B (en) | 2014-08-27 | 2014-08-27 | The PDC drill bit instrument of eccentric swing rotation can be achieved |
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| CN104314473B true CN104314473B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104196456B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2017-04-26 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill tool with alternating cutting trajectory |
| CN105507809B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-01-26 | 西南石油大学 | Cut rock crushing tool in a kind of alternation track |
| CN109138846B (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2023-09-15 | 北京探矿工程研究所 | Double-core drilling tool with three blades |
| CN110344771A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-18 | 山东源运通矿山装备科技有限公司 | New Anchor Cable anchor bit |
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| US6913098B2 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2005-07-05 | Reedeycalog, L.P. | Sub-reamer for bi-center type tools |
| US8146683B2 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2012-04-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling out casing bits with other casing bits |
| CN103696696B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-11-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The sliding PDC drill bit of anti-sticking |
| CN104196456B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2017-04-26 | 西南石油大学 | PDC drill tool with alternating cutting trajectory |
| CN204266924U (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-04-15 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of PDC bit tool with alternation Cutting trajectory |
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Inventor after: Ren Haitao Inventor after: Zhang Chunliang Inventor after: Tang Yixin Inventor after: Yang Yingxin Inventor after: Chen Lian Inventor after: Zhou Chunxiao Inventor after: Bao Zejun Inventor after: Niu Shiwei Inventor after: Huang Kuilin Inventor after: Zhou Mi Inventor before: Ren Haitao Inventor before: Yang Yingxin Inventor before: Chen Lian Inventor before: Zhou Chunxiao Inventor before: Bao Zejun Inventor before: Niu Shiwei Inventor before: Huang Kuilin Inventor before: Zhou Mi Inventor before: Zhang Chunliang |
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Effective date of registration: 20181025 Address after: 610000 Kowloon Road, East Industrial Zone, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: Chengdu Huilingfeng Diamond Bit Co., Ltd. Address before: 610500 Xindu Road, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, No. 8 Patentee before: Southwest Petroleum University |
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Address after: 610000 Kowloon Avenue, industrial zone, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: Chengdu Huilingfeng Diamond Bit Co., Ltd. Address before: 610000 Kowloon Road, East Industrial Zone, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee before: Chengdu Huilingfeng Diamond Bit Co., Ltd. |