CN206594781U - The brushfire monitoring system being combined based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques with Internet of Things - Google Patents
The brushfire monitoring system being combined based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques with Internet of Things Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The brushfire monitoring system being combined based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques with Internet of Things, including GPS sensor, wireless sensor node, radio sensing network, generalized information system management platform, database, decision-making and directing system, fire prediction forecast system, fire locating system, fire prevention emergency commading system；It is characterized in that：Ambient parameter information and positional information is gathered by GPS sensor by radio sensing network it is transferred to database；The generalized information system management platform calls the parameter information in database to be sent to decision-making and directing system in real time, and the decision-making and directing system sends instruction according to the parameter information of reception to fire prediction forecast system, fire locating system, fire prevention emergency commading system.The system have monitoring range extensively, the condition of a fire find speed fast, fast response time and not by advantages such as inside even from weather.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of monitoring system, more particularly to a kind of based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques and Internet of Things
The brushfire monitoring system that net is combined.
Background technology
Forest ecosystem is valuable source for the survival of mankind, and forest fire seriously threatens production of forestry and the people
Masses' security of the lives and property, the characteristics of occurring randomness with sudden and disaster, short time interior energy causes huge loss.Mesh
The mode of preceding China forest forest zone fire monitoring and early warning also relies primarily on personal monitoring, exist patrol that area is small, have tunnel vision and
The slow shortcoming of reaction speed, some forest zones have Forest Fire Monitoring watch tower, and monitoring personnel is carried out on watch tower to periphery forest
Observation, finds after the condition of a fire by the telephone report condition of a fire, but still has that monitoring range is small, fire prevention personnel labor intensity is big and can not
The round-the-clock shortcoming for carrying out Forest Fire Monitoring.
For the forecast forecasting research of forest fire, many work have been carried out both at home and abroad, but most of domestic research
Lay particular emphasis on the commander to forest fire and scheduling, and forest fires the research spread in terms of prediction, it is also not pre- to risk of forest fire
Report carries out systematic research.For the monitoring of forest fire, now with more based on the gloomy of 3S (GIS, GPS and satellite remote sensing)
Woods monitors, and 3S basic functional principle is after forest fires occur, according to ground report or remote sensing satellite monitoring image, to determine fire
Position Approximate, then rushes to rapidly the scene of a fire, and fire point and the coordinate value of scene of a fire position are determined with GPS, and is positioned on map, it is determined that
Its accurate location.For 3S technologies, such as because meteorological satellite image data resolution ratio is low, the fire point of discovery can not accurately be judged
Whether it is fiery point, frequently results in basic unit forest fire protection worker and carry out some nonsensical work of putting out the fire.Most importantly should
System is monitored after forest fires occur, and real-time is poor, it is impossible to accomplish the generation of fire preventing.Internet of Things and GIS skills
The fusion of art, prediction and monitoring in real time for forest fire protection provide new thinking and technical support.
Utility model content
The utility model is based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques for the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided one kind
The brushfire monitoring system being combined with Internet of Things.The purpose of the system is：Set using GIS technology combination technology of Internet of things
Brushfire remotely monitoring and early warning system have been counted, has passed through the device monitoring environmental data installed in diverse location and real-time Transmission
To decision-making and directing system, once finding the doubtful alerts such as pyrotechnics, automatic triggering alarm can effectively reduce the labor of monitoring management personnel
Fatigue resistance.
The utility model is realized by the following technical programs：One kind is based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques and Internet of Things
The brushfire monitoring system that net is combined, including GPS sensor, wireless sensor node, radio sensing network, generalized information system
Management platform, database, decision-making and directing system；Ambient parameter information and by GPS sensor gather positional information pass through nothing
Line sensing network is transferred to database；The generalized information system management platform calls the parameter information in database to be sent in real time certainly
Plan command system, the decision-making and directing system sends instruction according to the parameter information of reception；The ambient parameter information includes logical
Cross Smoke Sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor, the smog of wind speed wind direction sensor collection, humiture, wind speed environments information；The nothing
Line sensing network includes the central processing unit using ARM8 as control core；The radio sensing network passes through 4G networks or GPRS
With Surveillance center's real-time Communication for Power；The Smoke Sensor model MIS-09C；Temperature Humidity Sensor model SH11；Wind speed and wind
It is EC21B or PH100SX to sensor model number.
Beneficial effect：The ambient parameter information in the system energy accurate acquisition forest zone, and effectively analyzed, with personal monitoring
Compare, with monitoring range extensively, the condition of a fire find speed fast, fast response time and not by advantages such as inside even from weather, to morning
Day realize forest fire protection work standardize, scientific and information system management it is significant, can for prevent fires provide intuitively
Planning and decision support.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the utility model monitors system based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques with the brushfire that Internet of Things is combined
System overall construction drawing；
Fig. 2 is that the utility model monitors system based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques with the brushfire that Internet of Things is combined
System wireless sensor network structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Generalized information system is computer technology, graphics techniques, the product of database technology fusion, is that one kind utilizes computer
The computer support system that data about geographical, locus are stored, inquired about and shown, is mainly used to description reality
Atural object distribution spatially and its attribute in the world.The generation of GIS and Internet of Things changes traditional information and information
Processing mode, makes the processing of information enter space field by numerical value field.At present, Internet of Things and GIS are protected in environment
Shield and improvements, environmental monitoring, disaster monitoring and preventing and treating, ecological resource protection and the numerous areas such as utilize to have obtained preliminary answer
With.The substantial amounts of sensing equipment accessed in Internet of Things all has spatial positional information, and this is the field that GIS is most good at, therefore thing
The construction of networking provides huge opportunity to develop for geographical information technology.Meanwhile, Internet of Things is also required to the key support such as GIS
Technology.The Item Information that Internet of Things is perceived includes the spatial informations such as its position existence information, by geographical information platform, geography
Position organically combines with correlation attribute information, ground output result that science is accurate according to actual needs, both pictures and texts are excellent
To user.By means of GIS, the analysis to space and Non-spatial Data, mining ability are improved, Internet of Things application is enhanced
Management level of information, helps lend some impetus to the construction of Internet of Things.
Forest environment monitoring needs to be acquired substantial amounts, miscellaneous various environmental informations, handle, analyze,
Collect.Because each Monitoring Data is all related to spatial geographical locations, therefore deal with extremely complex.GIS is comprehensive as one kind
The technological system of processing and analysis space data is capable of the essential characteristic of a certain space atural object of quick obtaining, and utilizes its space letter
Visualization technique is ceased, effectively geographical position and correlation attribute information organically can be combined.Constructed using GIS technology
Forest fire protection control information platform, be not only able to make each control point information spatially show simple and clearly, and
Support on space attribute can be provided for the profound excavation of these information with the information service on backstage and aid decision.It is based on
GIS, the forest fire monitoring system of Internet of Things system block diagram it is as shown in Figure 1.
The system includes GPS sensor, wireless sensor node, radio sensing network, generalized information system management platform, data
Storehouse, decision-making and directing system, fire prediction forecast system, fire locating system, fire prevention emergency commading system；It is characterized in that：Environment
Parameter information and positional information is gathered by GPS sensor by radio sensing network it is transferred to database；The generalized information system
Management platform calls the parameter information in database to be sent to decision-making and directing system in real time, and the decision-making and directing system is according to reception
Parameter information to fire prediction forecast system, fire locating system, fire prevention emergency commading system send instruction.
The system main modular principle of work and power is as follows：
1st, the internet of things structure based on radio sensing network
Radio sensing network is the core technology of Internet of Things, and radio sensing network is substantial amounts of micro- in monitored area by being deployed in
Type sensor node is constituted, and node is also simply calculated except sensing specific object and maintains network from each other
Connection.Radio sensing network includes the central processing unit using ARM8 as control core, and the central controller is set using open
Meter, control program can be changed at any time as needed；The radio sensing network is real by 4G networks or GPRS and Surveillance center
Shi Tongxin；Sensing node is laid in emphasis monitored area in forest, a large amount of collecting temperature, wet precisely in real time of network node
Degree, illumination, etc. environmental information, and after being changed by A/D, the information of each sensing node collection collects biography by radio sensing network
Defeated to arrive system monitoring center, system is analyzed the data collected, and helps forest management person to enter targeted specifically to the forest reserves
Row emphasis is monitored, and promotes the efficient management of forest fire protection.Wherein, the Smoke Sensor model MIS-09C of collection smog, collection
The sensor model number of humiture is SH11, communication module model CC2420；The sensor model number for gathering illumination is HA2003；Adopt
Collect wind speed wind direction sensor the model EC21B or PH100SX of wind speed and direction.
Forest fire protection monitoring system wireless sensor network structure body schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.It is by three major parts：Pass
Feel node, aggregation node, Surveillance center's composition.Sensing node is the fundamental node of network, is dispersed in monitored area and is responsible for ring
The collection and analysis of border status data, these nodes constitute wireless network by Ad hoc mode, perceive, adopt cooperatively
Information required in collection and processing network's coverage area, realizes collection, processing at any time to the information of anywhere
And analysis.Aggregation node, which can be one, has the powerful sensor node of increasing or a gateway.In sensor network
In network, sensing node is arbitrarily placed in area to be monitored, except gathering specific parameter sensing information, is also simply counted
Calculate and maintain network connection from each other.Each sensing network is equipped with a gateway for being connected to transmission network, and gateway connects
Sensing network and outside transmission network are connect, the communication Protocol Conversion between two kinds of protocol stacks is realized, and the information being collected into is passed
To Surveillance center.
2nd, the sensor positioning based on GPS
GPS (global positioning system) is one of state-of-the-art positioning means in the world today.Its localization method is gps satellite
Constantly launch the ephemeris parameter and temporal information that each gps satellite is contained in navigation message, navigation message, work as GPS
When receiving navigation message, extract satellite time and measured after it is compared with the clock of oneself satellite and user away from
From receiver is measured extremely in present position when the satellite almanac data in recycling navigation message extrapolates satellite launch text
The pseudo-distance of satellite and the rate of change of distance, demodulate the data such as satellite orbit parameter.It is micro- in receiver according to these data
Location Calculation can be carried out by positioning calculation method by handling computer, calculate longitude and latitude, the height of user geographic location
Deng location dependent information.Each sensor node is while the ambient parameter information parameter that collecting sensor is perceived, and reception comes from
The GPS position information at the place of the node, the junction sensor parameter is bound with positional information, and will be with position letter
The parameter of breath provides the ambient parameter variable with location information by being sent to GIS management systems after sensing network for GIS.
3rd, based on the wooded mountain fire protection decision commanding management system that geography information GIS acquisition techniques are core
Geospatial analysis, collection are GIS important symbols, and GIS has powerful data information management function, stored
Information be not only attribute and temporal aspect, also with unified geo-location basis, therefore can be accurate by various information
It has been shown that, expression, parsing are showed by visual levy of form of map.Refer in the wooded mountain fire protection decision-making centered on GIS
Wave in system, Internet of Things quickly obtains the letter of monitoring point by sensor in real time as a kind of efficient information gathering means
Breath, the sensor states parameter with positional information is provided for GIS.GIS forest fire protections decision-making and directing system (as shown in Figure 1)
Fire prediction forecast system, fire locating system, fire prevention emergency commading system etc. can be included.Fire prediction forecasts functional module
It is primarily used to prediction monitoring forest zone and the possibility and degree of danger of forest fire occurs within a certain period of time, according to predicts the outcome
Fire size class is marked off, shifting to an earlier date fire preventing for fireproofing person provides reference.Fire locating system receives GPS solutions
The positional information of receiver, positions and shows on the electronic map exactly the position that fire occurs.And by fire location pass in
Fire prevention emergency commading system, so that fire prevention direction center determines rapidly the position of fire, carries out scheduling of quickly putting out the fire.Fire prevention should
Anxious command system is according to the grade and degree of danger of the condition of a fire, the method that rapid development goes out feasible fire attack, with reference to fire district
The fireproofing installation and strength in domain, timely implement line boss's scheduling, reach science, rationally, efficiently, make the loss of forest fire
It is reduced to the degree of minimum.In the brushfire monitoring system being combined based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques and Internet of Things,
The instrument that GIS is analyzed as Internet of Things data, Internet of Things can be as data source important GIS, and GPS is the number that Internet of Things is gathered
According to implantation site information.Wireless sensor network node small volume and only need to deployment once can just collect monitoring number for a long time
According to unrivaled excellent compared to satellite remote sensing technology for the quickly collection wireless sensor technology of forest environment information
Gesture.Data management function powerful GIS and its patterned interface of spatial analysis functions add man-machine interaction convenience and
Simplification.Pass through the research to GIS technology and Internet of Things integration technology, it is established that one there is condition of a fire prediction, fire to supervise
Survey real-time, the accurate forest fire protection monitoring system of fire locating.Substantially increase fire prediction forecast and the decision-making of line boss
Ability and dispatching efficiency.
Embodiment 2
Mountain forest internal environment is complicated, and fire signal also has very big randomness, environmental change and sensing system
Interference can be produced to smog parameter for internal noise, it is necessary to which the data after A/D is changed are handled after filtering, and require signal transacting
Algorithm can adapt to the influence of various environmental factors change, adjust automatically alarm parameters with reach can quick detection fire drop again
The purpose of low rate of false alarm.
Fuzzy logic theory in fuzzy mathematics is solved well is difficult to what is determined using accurate calculate with Boolean logic
Problem, therefore fuzzy logic algorithm is employed in the signal-data processing of controller, to solve the ambiguity and report of external interference
Relation between alert changes of threshold, so as to reach the purpose for improving monitoring node reliability.
Specific algorithm is as follows：Fuzzy processing is carried out to the smoke signal after analog-to-digital conversion first, it is specific as follows：①
When smoke signal value x is less than threshold value B0, it is believed that fire alarm do not occur；2. when signal value x is more than threshold value B1, it is believed that fire occur
It is alert；3. when signal value x is between two threshold values of B0 and B1, it is believed that be likely to occur fire alarm, and x it is bigger closer to B1 when,
The basis that fire alarm occurs is more abundant.Obfuscation membership function is as follows：
In formula, there is the fuzzy quantity of possibility for reaction fire in A, and f (x) is corresponding degree of membership.The interference of external environment
The influence that signal is brought is transient state, can move filter method to improve antijamming capability using window.Filter function is as follows：
Window size value is 5, when continuously having 5 f (x) values to be not zero, calculates K values, judges
Whether K values exceed threshold k 0, if K alarms immediately when being more than or equal to K0, otherwise do not alarm.
Meanwhile, fuzzy quantity A is a value related to temperature, and monitoring node also passes through temperature while smog is detected
Sensor is monitored to site environment temperature, and the mapping table of A and temperature is pre-deposited in single-chip microcomputer, controller
MSP430F149 searches the relation table according to the environment temperature monitored, to determine A value；Threshold value B0, B1 and K0 are 3 passes
It is the amount of alarm precision, need to be rationally provided to ensure that wrong report is greatly reduced in alarm on the premise of precision meets national standard
Rate.
According to geographical gentle time condition, in forest zone there is provided 8 monitoring sections：A~H, each monitoring section arranges 8 monitorings
Point：P1~P8, have selected A 8 points：AP1~AP8 has carried out on-the-spot test to equipment, and the temperature that measures, humidity, smog are dense
The information such as degree, wind direction and wind speed are as shown in table 1 below.From the data of table 1 below, forest zone A temperature is higher, and mean temperature is
25.95 DEG C, medial humidity is 20.54RH%, and the average value of wind speed is 1.004m/s, belongs to the environment of high temperature, drying and gentle breeze,
Observed at present without alarm of fire, understood by fire size class forecast analysis by smokescope data：Pole in such a case
Easily occur fire, the data of science can be provided to administrative department of forest fire protection monitoring center, be easy to make counte-rplan as early as possible.
Table 1
Many details are elaborated in the above description to fully understand the utility model.But above description
Only it is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the utility model can be come with being much different from other manner described here
Implement, therefore the utility model is not limited by specific implementation disclosed above.Any those skilled in the art exist simultaneously
Do not depart under technical solutions of the utility model ambit, it is all new to this practicality using the methods and techniques content of the disclosure above
Type technical scheme makes many possible variations and modification, or is revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.It is every without departing from this
The content of utility model technical scheme, any is simply repaiied according to technical spirit of the present utility model to made for any of the above embodiments
Change, equivalent variations and modification, in the range of still falling within technical solutions of the utility model protection.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of brushfire monitoring system being combined based on geography information GIS acquisition techniques with Internet of Things, including GPS sensings
Device, wireless sensor node, radio sensing network, generalized information system management platform, database, decision-making and directing system；It is characterized in that：
Ambient parameter information and positional information is gathered by GPS sensor by radio sensing network it is transferred to database；The nothing
Line sensing network passes through 4G networks or GPRS and Surveillance center's real-time Communication for Power；The ambient parameter information includes sensing by smog
Device, Temperature Humidity Sensor, the smog of wind speed wind direction sensor collection, humiture, wind speed environments information；The generalized information system management
Platform calls the parameter information in database to be sent to decision-making and directing system in real time, and the decision-making and directing system is according to the ginseng of reception
Number delivering instruction；The radio sensing network includes the central processing unit using ARM8 as control core；The smog is passed
Sensor model MIS-09C；Temperature Humidity Sensor model SH11；Wind speed wind direction sensor model EC21B or PH100SX.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108510693A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州民族大学 | A kind of Internet of Things fire-fighting system based on big data |
| CN108510692A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-07 | 中永（苏州）信息技术有限公司 | The forest fire early warning method of moonlet combination infrared sensing network |
| CN108550238A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-18 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司 | The power transmission line monitoring system of spectrum blending image identification based on multimode mimicry |
| CN109118001A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-01 | 成都天地量子科技有限公司 | A kind of mountain fire monitoring method and system based on satellite remote sensing date |
| CN109596165A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-09 | 湖南城市学院 | A kind of intelligence geography information dynamic early-warning is deployed to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities system and method |
| CN109961601A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-07-02 | 合肥工业大学 | One kind being based on sterically defined large scale fire disaster situation analysis system |
| CN110070701A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-30 | 北京全景大观旅游规划设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of data monitoring based on geography information survey system, early warning, methods of exhibiting and application |
| CN110807891A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-18 | 国网山东省电力公司威海供电公司 | Power grid forest fire monitoring and early warning system and method |
| CN111308241A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 安徽中普防雷科技有限公司 | Lightning protection facility online safety monitoring method and device based on GIS platform |
| CN111599126A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-28 | 安徽师范大学 | Forest fire danger monitoring system based on Android framework |
| CN112113616A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-22 | 山东省地矿工程勘察院 | Geographic information collection system based on GIS |
| CN113240875A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-10 | 北京瞭望神州科技有限公司 | Forest fire prevention monitoring method and system |
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| CN108550238A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-18 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司 | The power transmission line monitoring system of spectrum blending image identification based on multimode mimicry |
| CN108510692A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-07 | 中永（苏州）信息技术有限公司 | The forest fire early warning method of moonlet combination infrared sensing network |
| CN108510693A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州民族大学 | A kind of Internet of Things fire-fighting system based on big data |
| CN109118001A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-01 | 成都天地量子科技有限公司 | A kind of mountain fire monitoring method and system based on satellite remote sensing date |
| CN109596165A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-09 | 湖南城市学院 | A kind of intelligence geography information dynamic early-warning is deployed to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities system and method |
| CN109961601A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-07-02 | 合肥工业大学 | One kind being based on sterically defined large scale fire disaster situation analysis system |
| CN110070701A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-30 | 北京全景大观旅游规划设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of data monitoring based on geography information survey system, early warning, methods of exhibiting and application |
| CN110807891A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-18 | 国网山东省电力公司威海供电公司 | Power grid forest fire monitoring and early warning system and method |
| CN111308241A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 安徽中普防雷科技有限公司 | Lightning protection facility online safety monitoring method and device based on GIS platform |
| CN111599126A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-28 | 安徽师范大学 | Forest fire danger monitoring system based on Android framework |
| CN112113616A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-22 | 山东省地矿工程勘察院 | Geographic information collection system based on GIS |
| CN112113616B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-09-02 | 山东省地矿工程勘察院 | Geographic information collection system based on GIS |
| CN113240875A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-10 | 北京瞭望神州科技有限公司 | Forest fire prevention monitoring method and system |
| CN113240875B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-06-03 | 北京瞭望神州科技有限公司 | Forest fire prevention monitoring method and system |
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