CN206519653U - The pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding - Google Patents

The pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206519653U
CN206519653U CN201720233699.5U CN201720233699U CN206519653U CN 206519653 U CN206519653 U CN 206519653U CN 201720233699 U CN201720233699 U CN 201720233699U CN 206519653 U CN206519653 U CN 206519653U
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China
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laser
submodule
sample
pulse
melanism
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CN201720233699.5U
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汪莎
陈辉
朱宗涛
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SICHUAN GUANGZHENG TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SICHUAN GUANGZHENG TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding, including laser processing modules, the laser processing modules include the laser cleaning submodule cleaned to sample surfaces and sample surfaces are carried out with the laser melanism submodule of melanism;Switching is controlled by intelligent control module between laser cleaning submodule and laser melanism submodule, intelligent control module includes IMAQ submodule, intelligent decision submodule and control submodule;IMAQ submodule is used to gather sample surfaces form and is transferred to intelligent decision submodule;Whether intelligent decision submodule is used to be cleaned up according to sample surfaces form judgement sample surface;Control switching between output control laser cleaning submodule and laser melanism submodule that control submodule judges according to intelligent decision submodule.The pretreatment system can not only carry out laser cleaning to material surface, and can improve Laser Welding Quality and efficiency after the washing by carrying out Darkening process to material surface simultaneously.

Description

The pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of pretreatment system of material surface before Laser Welding, and in particular to it is a kind of Laser Welding it Femtosecond/picosecond pulse laser of preceding material surface is combined pretreatment system.
Background technology
Need to apply substantial amounts of high-strength alloy part in the products such as space flight, high ferro, its welding manner is that space flight, high ferro are ground An important directions in studying carefully.Laser welding has without Mechanical Contact, and speed of welding is fast, and the advantages of production efficiency is high obtains Increasing concern.It is to influence a key factor of laser welding effect again on the processing of welding material before laser welding. The attachments such as greasy dirt, the oxide-film of alloy surface can influence welding quality and efficiency.The attachment of alloy material is removed before weldering is Prevent the important step of stomata, slag inclusion.
At present, the preceding pretreatment mode to material of weldering is primarily referred to as the cleaning to material.Traditional cleaning way is mainly wrapped Include Chemical cleaning and manual grinding.Chemical cleaning generally refers to pickling, and the process can effectively remove the oxide-film of substrate surface And greasy dirt, but this method environmental pollution is serious.And method inefficiency, cost height, the working environment of manual grinding are disliked It is bad, easily damage substrate material surface, the requirement of production in enormous quantities can not be met.In addition to this it is possible to using laser cleaning Mode.Laser cleaning is that superlaser is projected into physical surface, makes attachment flash evaporation, ablation or the stripping of material surface From being a kind of new process for treating surface.Compared to traditional cleaning way, laser cleaning more high-efficiency environment friendly.Swash at present Light cleaning is typically all using the nanosecond pulse cleaning based on Q-regulating technique.No matter but using any cleaning way, to material Processing be all single, the material substrate obtained after cleaning is higher to laser reflectivity, laser absorption rate is relatively low, will influence swash Photocoagulation efficiency.
Utility model content
Goal of the invention of the present utility model is to provide a kind of pretreatment system of material surface before Laser Welding.The pretreatment system System can not only carry out laser cleaning to material surface, and simultaneously can be after the washing by being carried out to material surface at melanism Reason, to reach the Combined Processing of material surface, improves Laser Welding Quality and efficiency.
The utility model realizes that its goal of the invention is adopted the technical scheme that:The pre- place of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding Reason system, including laser processing modules, it is structurally characterized in that:The laser processing modules include what sample surfaces were cleaned Laser cleaning submodule and the laser melanism submodule that sample surfaces are carried out with melanism;Laser cleaning submodule and laser melanism Switching is controlled by intelligent control module between module, the intelligent control module includes IMAQ submodule, intelligent decision Submodule and control submodule;Described image collection submodule is used to gather sample surfaces form and is transferred to intelligent decision submodule Block;Whether the intelligent decision submodule is used to be cleaned up according to sample surfaces form judgement sample surface;Control Control between output control laser cleaning submodule and laser melanism submodule that module judges according to intelligent decision submodule Switching.
The method of work of the utility model system is:The laser cleaning submodule of laser processing modules is first turned on, to sample Product surface is cleaned;While cleaning, the IMAQ submodule of intelligent control module gathers sample surfaces form in real time And it is transferred to intelligent decision submodule;Whether intelligent decision submodule cleans dry according to sample surfaces form judgement sample surface Only;If cleaned up, the control submodule of intelligent control module closes laser cleaning submodule, opens laser processing modules Laser melanism submodule, to sample surfaces carry out Darkening process;If do not cleaned up, the control submodule of intelligent control module Block is failure to actuate, and laser cleaning submodule continues to clean sample surfaces, until cleaning up, then switches to laser melanism Module.
Laser melanism submodule to sample surfaces while Darkening process is carried out, IMAQ of intelligent control module Module gathers sample surfaces form and is transferred to intelligent decision submodule in real time;Intelligent decision submodule is according to sample surfaces form Judgement sample surface is complete melanism;If complete melanism, the control submodule of intelligent control module closes laser melanism Module, completes the pretreatment of material surface before Laser Welding;If incomplete melanism, the control submodule of intelligent control module is motionless Make, laser melanism submodule continues to carry out Darkening process to sample surfaces, until the complete melanism of sample surfaces, turns off laser black Beggar's module.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the technical program is:
The technical program will be cleaned and melanism Composite by laser to material surface, first by laser to material Surface is cleaned, and the attachments such as the greasy dirt of welding quality and efficiency, oxide-film can be influenceed by removing material surface, then further Darkening process is carried out to sample surfaces by laser, Darkening process can not only make sample to the strong reflection event resolves of light, carry The efficiency and quality of high laser welding;Darkening process can dissipate metal material in sample surfaces formation micro-nano structure again simultaneously It is hot more preferable, further improve Laser Welding Quality.In a word, it is compound using material surface before laser cleaning and laser melanism butt welding Pretreatment, greatly improves in laser beam welding material to laser induced plasma flow field, be effectively improved laser welding efficiency and Quality.
The technical program is gathered sample surfaces form and transmitted in real time using the IMAQ submodule of intelligent control module Intelligent decision submodule is given, then by the cleaning situation and melanism situation on intelligent decision submodule judgement sample surface, so that Controlled by control submodule in the switching and opening and closing of laser cleaning submodule and laser melanism submodule, whole process without people Work is intervened, and is substantially increased operating efficiency, is reduced pretreatment cost.
Further, laser cleaning submodule described in the utility model system provides picosecond pulse laser and sample surfaces is carried out Cleaning, the laser melanism submodule provides femtosecond pulse and carries out melanism to sample surfaces.
Compared to nanosecond pulse, the pulse width of picosecond pulse laser is narrower, can obtain higher peak power.Therefore originally Utility model system laser cleaning submodule is used for cleaning sample surface using picosecond pulse laser, swashs compared to nanosecond pulse Light, required laser energy is lower.In addition, the utility model system carries out melanism using femtosecond pulse to sample surfaces Processing, the pulse width of femtosecond laser is very short, i.e. the interaction time of laser and material is short, and the heat affecting to material is small;This The temperature of sample material in itself will not raise because of the effect of femtosecond laser, it is to avoid material forms oxygen again in the case of heated Change film, destroy the effect of cleaning.
Further, laser cleaning submodule described in the utility model system includes picosecond pulse laser, laser melanism Module includes femtosecond pulse laser, the laser cleaning submodule and laser melanism submodule include laser output optical fibre, The collimation lens that the laser that laser output optical fibre is exported is collimated, the position that control laser beam is acted on sample surfaces The plus lens on sample is incided with the scanning galvanometer of sweep speed and by Laser Focusing.
So, picosecond pulse laser and the laser of femtosecond pulse laser output pass sequentially through laser output optical fibre, standard Straight lens, scanning galvanometer and plus lens;The angle of divergence of the laser of optical fiber output can be reduced using collimation lens, collimated Laser is exported, and application scanning galvanometer automatically and accurately can control laser pre-treated to act on sample surfaces by scanning galvanometer Position, can control laser action in the spot size of sample surfaces, with the laser pulse needed for reducing using plus lens Energy, it is final to obtain the pulse laser for being applied to cleaning and melanism.
Further, the IMAQ submodule of intelligent control module described in the utility model system includes alignment sample surfaces Lighting source and collection sample surfaces form Image-forming instrument.
So, using lighting source can by two for the use of improve IMAQ submodule work accuracy, 1. make Obtain Image-forming instrument and see more clearly more accurate, 2. luminous intensities received by Image-forming instrument, it can be determined that the effect of melanism of judgement, When luminous intensity is remarkably reinforced, i.e., melanism is preferable;Blackening effect can be judged by two aspects:1 sample surfaces whether color Change, the illumination intensity that 2 Image-forming instruments are received whether step-down.
Further, the laser cleaning submodule of laser processing modules described in the utility model system and laser melanism submodule Psec/femto-second pulse duration variable laser module is integrated into, the psec/femto-second pulse duration variable laser module includes skin The collimation that second/femto-second pulse duration variable laser, laser output optical fibre, the laser for exporting laser output optical fibre are collimated The scanning galvanometer of lens, the position that acts on sample surfaces of control laser beam and sweep speed and Laser Focusing is incided Plus lens on sample.
Further, psec described in the utility model system/femto-second pulse duration variable laser shakes including femtosecond laser Device is swung, the pulse laser of femtosecond laser oscillator output passes sequentially through femtosecond stretcher, chirped pulse amplification device and control laser The acoustooptic switch of optical path direction, the acoustooptic switch is controlled by the control submodule of intelligent control module;When acoustooptic switch plus penetrate During frequency signal, by optical path direction after acoustooptic switch deviation occurs for pulse laser, and pulse laser passes sequentially through deflection mirror, can Change the half-wave plate of laser polarization direction, be incident to the second polarizing beam splitter cube after the reflection of the first polarizing beam splitter cube, pass through Picosecond pulse laser output is obtained after the reflection of second polarizing beam splitter cube, picosecond pulse laser is incident by plus lens system Into laser output optical fibre, for subsequently carrying out cleaning treatment to sample surfaces;When acoustooptic switch is not added with radiofrequency signal, pulse By optical path direction after acoustooptic switch deviation does not occur for laser, and pulse laser passes sequentially through pulse shortener and is incident to the second polarization Beam-dividing cube, obtains femtosecond pulse output, femtosecond pulse is by converging after being transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter cube Poly- lens combination is incided in laser output optical fibre, for subsequently carrying out Darkening process to sample surfaces.
The operation principle of above-mentioned psec/femto-second pulse duration variable laser is:Obtain low by femtosecond laser oscillator The femto-second laser pulse output of energy, the pulse (can be grating pair or bragg volume light by femtosecond stretcher Grid) can be by femtosecond pulse broadening into the wide picosecond pulse laser of hundreds of psecs.The specific pulse of the picosecond pulse laser is wide Degree can be determined by the parameter of grating pair or Bragg grating.The picosecond pulse laser of the low energy passes through chirped pulse amplification device Obtain the picosecond pulse laser of high-energy.The psec arteries and veins laser of the high-energy, which is poured, is mapped to control laser pulse light path direction acousto-optic On switch.
When acoustooptic switch plus radiofrequency signal, by optical path direction after acoustooptic switch deviation occurs for the picosecond pulse laser, Pulse laser passes sequentially through deflection mirror (effect is to change laser optical path direction, makes laser vertical be incident to half-wave plate), can Change the half-wave plate (changing the polarization direction of laser, make it to be reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter cube) of laser polarization direction, (effect is to change laser optical path direction to the reflection of first polarizing beam splitter cube, laser vertical is incident to the second polarization beam splitting and stands Cube) after be incident to the second polarizing beam splitter cube, through the second polarizing beam splitter cube reflection (effect be change laser optical path side To making laser vertical be incident to plus lens) after by plus lens system, (effect is the angle of divergence and focal point that change laser Spot size, make its can with high coupling efficiency be coupled to laser output optical fibre in) incide in laser output optical fibre.
When acoustooptic switch is not added with radiofrequency signal, the picosecond pulse laser does not occur partially by optical path direction after acoustooptic switch Folding, it (can be grating pair or volume Bragg grating, effect is compression skin that pulse laser, which passes sequentially through pulse shortener, Pulse per second (PPS) laser obtains femtosecond laser output) femtosecond pulse is obtained afterwards, the femtosecond pulse is incident to the second polarization point Beam cube, is transmitted through after the second polarizing beam splitter cube and is incided by plus lens system in laser output optical fibre.
Be integrated into psec/femto-second pulse duration variable laser module avoid using two lasers provide respectively psec/ Femtosecond pulse, greatly reduces cost.And whether the module can add radiofrequency signal defeated come control selections by acoustooptic switch Go out the pattern of pulse laser, you can be controlled in real time by the control submodule of intelligent control module, fringe time is fast.And should Module ensure that femtosecond pulse output is to use same laser module with picosecond pulse laser output, i.e., it exports laser The beam quality spatial model of hot spot (distribution) be consistent, such femtosecond pulse output is exported with picosecond pulse laser A set of fiber coupling device system can be shared, to obtain efficient optical coupling efficiency simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall system architecture schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment one.
Fig. 2 is overall system architecture schematic diagram when the laser cleaning submodule of the utility model embodiment one works.
Fig. 3 is overall system architecture schematic diagram when the laser melanism submodule of the utility model embodiment one works.
Fig. 4 is the utility model embodiment two system overall structure diagram.
Fig. 5 is overall system architecture schematic diagram when the utility model embodiment two works.
Fig. 6 is the overall structure diagram of two psecs of the utility model embodiment/femto-second pulse duration variable laser.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 shows that a kind of embodiment of the utility model system is:The pre- place of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding Reason system, including laser processing modules, it is characterised in that:The laser processing modules include cleaning the surface of sample 500 Laser cleaning submodule 100 and to the surface of sample 500 carry out melanism laser melanism submodule 200;Laser cleaning submodule Switching is controlled by intelligent control module 300 between 100 and laser melanism submodule 200, the intelligent control module 300 includes IMAQ submodule 310, intelligent decision submodule 320 and control submodule 330;Described image collection submodule 310 is used for The collection configuration of surface of sample 500 is simultaneously transferred to intelligent decision submodule 320;The intelligent decision submodule 320 is used for according to sample Whether the surface of 500 configuration of surface judgement sample of product 500 cleans up;The control submodule 330 is according to intelligent decision submodule Control switching between the 320 output control laser cleaning submodules 100 judged and laser melanism submodule 200.
Laser cleaning submodule described in this example 100 provides picosecond pulse laser and the surface of sample 500 is cleaned, described Laser melanism submodule 200 provides femtosecond pulse and carries out melanism to the surface of sample 500.The laser cleaning submodule 100 Including picosecond pulse laser 110, laser melanism submodule 200 includes femtosecond pulse laser 210, the laser cleaning submodule Block 100 and laser melanism submodule 200, which include laser output optical fibre 102, the laser for exporting laser output optical fibre 102, to be carried out The collimation lens 103 of collimation, position and the scanning galvanometer of sweep speed that control laser beam is acted on the surface of sample 500 104 and Laser Focusing is incided to the plus lens 105 on sample 500.
The IMAQ submodule 310 of intelligent control module 300 described in this example includes the illumination on alignment sample 500 surface The Image-forming instrument 312 of light source 311 and the collection configuration of surface of sample 500.
Overall system architecture schematic diagram when Fig. 2 works for laser cleaning submodule 100 in this example.
Overall system architecture schematic diagram when Fig. 3 works for laser melanism submodule 200 in this example.
Embodiment two
Fig. 4 shows that another embodiment of the utility model system is:Material surface is pre- before a kind of Laser Welding Processing system, including laser processing modules, it is characterised in that:The laser processing modules include carrying out clearly the surface of sample 500 The laser cleaning submodule 100 and the laser melanism submodule 200 to the surface of sample 500 progress melanism washed;Laser cleaning submodule Switching is controlled by intelligent control module 300 between block 100 and laser melanism submodule 200, the intelligent control module 300 is wrapped Include IMAQ submodule 310, intelligent decision submodule 320 and control submodule 330;Described image collection submodule 310 is used In the collection configuration of surface of sample 500 and it is transferred to intelligent decision submodule 320;The intelligent decision submodule 320 is used for basis Whether the surface of 500 configuration of surface judgement sample of sample 500 cleans up;The control submodule 330 is according to intelligent decision submodule Control switching between output control laser cleaning submodule 100 and laser melanism submodule 200 that block 320 judges.
Laser cleaning submodule described in this example 100 provides picosecond pulse laser and the surface of sample 500 is cleaned, described Laser melanism submodule 200 provides femtosecond pulse and carries out melanism to the surface of sample 500.As shown in figure 4, the laser treatment The laser cleaning submodule 100 and laser melanism submodule 200 of module are integrated into psec/femto-second pulse duration variable laser module 400, as shown in figure 5, the psec/femto-second pulse duration variable laser module 400 includes, psec/femto-second pulse duration is variable to swash The collimation lens 430 that light device 410, laser output optical fibre 420, the laser for exporting laser output optical fibre 420 are collimated, control Position that laser beam is acted on the surface of sample 500 and the scanning galvanometer 440 of sweep speed and Laser Focusing is incided into sample Plus lens 450 on product 500.
Fig. 6 shows that psec described in this example/femto-second pulse duration variable laser 410 includes femtosecond laser oscillator 411, the pulse laser that femtosecond laser oscillator 411 is exported passes sequentially through femtosecond stretcher 412, the and of chirped pulse amplification device 413 Control the acoustooptic switch 414 in laser optical path direction, the acoustooptic switch 414 by intelligent control module 300 control submodule 330 Control;When acoustooptic switch 414 plus radiofrequency signal, by optical path direction after acoustooptic switch 414 deviation, pulse occur for pulse laser Laser passes sequentially through deflection mirror 415, can change the half-wave plate 416 of laser polarization direction, the first polarizing beam splitter cube The second polarizing beam splitter cube 417b is incident to after 417a reflections, psec is obtained after being reflected through the second polarizing beam splitter cube 417b Pulse laser is exported, and picosecond pulse laser is incided in laser output optical fibre 420 by plus lens system 419, for follow-up Cleaning treatment is carried out to the surface of sample 500;When acoustooptic switch 414 is not added with radiofrequency signal, pulse laser passes through acoustooptic switch 414 Deviation does not occur for optical path direction afterwards, and pulse laser passes sequentially through pulse shortener 418 and is incident to the second polarizing beam splitter cube 417b, obtains femtosecond pulse output after being transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter cube 417b, femtosecond pulse passes through convergence Lens combination 419 is incided in laser output optical fibre 420, for subsequently carrying out Darkening process to the surface of sample 500.

Claims (6)

1. the pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding, including laser processing modules, it is characterised in that:At the laser Reason module includes the laser cleaning submodule (100) cleaned to sample (500) surface of material and to sample (500) surface Carry out the laser melanism submodule (200) of melanism;Lead between laser cleaning submodule (100) and laser melanism submodule (200) Intelligent control module (300) control switching is crossed, the intelligent control module (300) includes IMAQ submodule (310), intelligence Judging submodule (320) and control submodule (330);Described image collection submodule (310) is used to gather sample (500) surface Form is simultaneously transferred to intelligent decision submodule (320);The intelligent decision submodule (320) is used for according to sample (500) surface Whether form judgement sample (500) surface cleans up;The control submodule (330) is according to intelligent decision submodule (320) Control switching between the output control laser cleaning submodule (100) and laser melanism submodule (200) of judgement.
2. the pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The laser Cleaning submodule (100) provides picosecond pulse laser and sample (500) surface is cleaned, the laser melanism submodule (200) provide femtosecond pulse and melanism is carried out to sample (500) surface.
3. the pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The laser Cleaning submodule (100) includes picosecond pulse laser (110), and laser melanism submodule (200) includes femtosecond pulse laser (210), the laser cleaning submodule (100) and laser melanism submodule (200) include laser output optical fibre (102), incited somebody to action The collimation lens (103) that the laser of laser output optical fibre (102) output is collimated, control laser beam acts on sample (500) position on surface and the scanning galvanometer (104) of sweep speed and Laser Focusing is incided into the convergence on sample (500) Lens (105).
4. the pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The laser It is variable that the laser cleaning submodule (100) and laser melanism submodule (200) of processing module are integrated into psec/femto-second pulse duration Laser module (400), it is variable that the psec/femto-second pulse duration variable laser module (400) includes psec/femto-second pulse duration The collimation lens that laser (410), laser output optical fibre (420), the laser for exporting laser output optical fibre (420) are collimated (430), the scanning galvanometer (440) of the position that acts on sample (500) surface of control laser beam and sweep speed and it will swash Light focuses on the plus lens (450) incided on sample (500).
5. the pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The skin Second/femto-second pulse duration variable laser (410) includes femtosecond laser oscillator (411), femtosecond laser oscillator (411) output Pulse laser pass sequentially through the acousto-optic of femtosecond stretcher (412), chirped pulse amplification device (413) and control laser optical path direction Switch (414), the acoustooptic switch (414) is controlled by the control submodule (330) of intelligent control module (300);When acousto-optic is opened When closing (414) plus radiofrequency signal, by acoustooptic switch (414), deviation occurs pulse laser for optical path direction afterwards, and pulse laser is successively By deflection mirror (415), the half-wave plate (416) of laser polarization direction, the first polarizing beam splitter cube (417a) can be changed The second polarizing beam splitter cube (417b) is incident to after reflection, psec is obtained after being reflected through the second polarizing beam splitter cube (417b) Pulse laser is exported, and picosecond pulse laser is incided in laser output optical fibre (420) by plus lens system (419), is used for It is follow-up that cleaning treatment is carried out to sample (500) surface;When acoustooptic switch (414) is not added with radiofrequency signal, pulse laser passes through sound Deviation does not occur photoswitch (414) for optical path direction afterwards, and pulse laser passes sequentially through pulse shortener (418) and is incident to the second polarization Beam-dividing cube (417b), obtains femtosecond pulse output, femtosecond arteries and veins after being transmitted through the second polarizing beam splitter cube (417b) Impulse light is incided in laser output optical fibre (420) by plus lens system (419), for subsequently to sample (500) surface Carry out Darkening process.
6. according to the pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of any described Laser Weldings of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that:Institute Stating the IMAQ submodule (310) of intelligent control module (300) includes the lighting source (311) on alignment sample (500) surface With the Image-forming instrument (312) of collection sample (500) configuration of surface.
CN201720233699.5U 2017-03-11 2017-03-11 The pretreatment system of material surface before a kind of Laser Welding Withdrawn - After Issue CN206519653U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106624367A (en) * 2017-03-11 2017-05-10 四川广正科技有限公司 Pretreatment method and system for material surface before laser welding
CN110340521A (en) * 2019-07-19 2019-10-18 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 A kind of method for laser welding of copper and mickel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106624367A (en) * 2017-03-11 2017-05-10 四川广正科技有限公司 Pretreatment method and system for material surface before laser welding
CN110340521A (en) * 2019-07-19 2019-10-18 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 A kind of method for laser welding of copper and mickel

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