Flexural fatigue tester and test system
Technical field
The utility model is related to mechanics performance testing technology field, in particular to a kind of flexural fatigue tester
And test system.
Background technology
Fatigue of materials test is to utilize test button or simulation parts under circumstances, undergoes alternate load ringing
And its fatigue behaviour criterion is determined, and study the fatigue strength of its fracture process, evaluation material, parts or whole machine and tired longevity
The experiment of life.Metal fatigue experiment species is a lot, is commonly divided into high cycle fatigue, low-cycle fatigue, heat fatigue, impact fatigue, corruption
Erosion fatigue, contact fatigue, vacuum fatigue, fatigue at high temperature, normal temperature fatigue, fatigue at low temperatures, rotary bending fatigue, plain bending are tired
Labor, axially loaded fatigue, torsional fatigue, combined stress fatigue etc..Should select suitable according to the condition of work of metallic article
Fatigue test method.At present, the device that can test flexural fatigue test is less.
In the dynamic process of test, it is impossible to micro- by means of SEM, Raman spectrometer, laser co-focusing
Under the micro-imaging components such as mirror, super depth-of-field microscope are to test specimen bending loading condition, carry out dynamic monitoring in real time in situ,
Lack the further investigation to the trans-scale in-situ nanometer mechanical test of macro-size, so as to seriously hinder micro-structure material
Micromechanics behavior and damage mechanisms new phenomenon, the discovery of new rule.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of flexural fatigue tester, by flexural fatigue tester knot
The improvement of structure, antifatigue test is carried out using piezoelectric stack, flexible hinge to material, is realized while carrying out bending survey to material
Examination and antifatigue test, solve the different instrument tests of conventional different performance, make the problem of complex operation.
Another object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of test system, the system by flexural fatigue tester,
Data processing is used cooperatively with performance characterization instrument, realizes real-time monitoring test data, whole dynamic monitoring mechanical test mistake
Journey, the Micromechanics behavior of deep announcement various types of materials and its product, between micromechanism of damage and load effect and material property
Related law.
What embodiment of the present utility model was realized in:
A kind of flexural fatigue tester, for carrying out fatigue property test, including base, test dress to tested sample
Put, for clamping the first drive component that the clamping device of tested sample is matched with clamping device.Clamping device, test device,
First drive component is individually fixed in base;Test device includes the second drive component, detecting element, the test unit that are sequentially connected
Part.First drive component driving clamping device makes tested sample move in a first direction, and the second drive component drives detecting element
Synchronously moved back and forth in a first direction with testing element, make testing element tested with default frequency and amplitude extruding
Sample.
Preferably, the second drive component includes the second driving element, retaining element, and retaining element is fixed on base, and
First direction extends towards clamping device, and retaining element has the motion portion being connected with detecting element, and the second driving element is set
Simultaneously moved back and forth in a first direction in powered motion portion in retaining element.
Preferably, the second driving element is piezoelectric stack.
Preferably, retaining element is flexible hinge.
Preferably, the first drive component includes being individually fixed in the servomotor and transmission mechanism of base, transmission mechanism with
Base is connected, and servomotor drives clamping device to move in a first direction by transmission mechanism.
Preferably, transmission mechanism include cooperate the first worm screw and the first worm gear, cooperate the second worm screw and
Second worm gear, rotating shaft, leading screw and the connecting plate coordinated with leading screw.First worm screw connects and synchronous with the output shaft of servomotor
Rotate, and with the first worm gear rotate, the first worm gear drive be sheathed on rotating shaft the second worm screw rotate, the second worm screw be arranged
Rotated in the second worm gear of leading screw, make connecting plate promote clamping device to move in a first direction.
Preferably, transmission mechanism also includes the first supporting construction and the second supporting construction;First supporting construction includes relative
The first fixed part and the second fixed part for setting and being connected with base respectively, the two ends of rotating shaft rotate be arranged at the first fixation respectively
Portion and the second fixed part.Second supporting construction includes the first connector for being oppositely arranged and being connected with base respectively and the second connection
Part, the two ends of leading screw rotate be arranged at the first connector and the second connector respectively.
Preferably, clamping device includes the pedestal that the first fixture being oppositely arranged and the second fixture and base are slidably connected,
First fixture and the second fixture are fixedly connected with pedestal, and the first fixture includes first connecting portion and first for connecting that cooperate
Chuck, the second fixture includes the second connecting portion and the second chuck of mutual cooperation connection, and the two ends of tested sample are clamped respectively
In the first chuck and the second chuck.
Preferably, the first chuck has a second direction vertical with first direction, and the first chuck is in second direction relative the
One connecting portion is slided, and the second chuck is slided in second direction with respect to second connecting portion.
A kind of test system, including data processor, sign instrument, flexural fatigue tester, data processor and inspection
Survey component data communication connection;Instrument and flexural fatigue tester cooperating are characterized, default frequency is subject in tested sample
When rate and amplitude are extruded, performance characterization and pattern monitoring are carried out to tested sample.
The beneficial effect of the utility model embodiment:
The utility model provides a kind of flexural fatigue tester, by the improvement to flexural fatigue tester structure,
Antifatigue test is carried out to material using piezoelectric stack, flexible hinge, is realized while carrying out crooked test to material and resisting tired
Labor is tested, and solves the different instrument tests of conventional different performance, makes the problem of complex operation.Another object of the present utility model
It is that a kind of test system is provided, the system is coordinated by flexural fatigue tester, data processing and performance characterization instrument and made
With realizing real-time monitoring test data, whole dynamic monitoring mechanical test process, deep announcement various types of materials and its product
Micromechanics behavior, micromechanism of damage and load effect and material property between related law.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme of the utility model embodiment, below will be to be used needed for embodiment
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only some embodiments of the present utility model, therefore should not be by
Regard the restriction to scope as, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, may be used also
Other related accompanying drawings are obtained with according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the flexural fatigue tester that the utility model embodiment 1 is provided;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the flexural fatigue tester that the utility model embodiment 1 is provided;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the flexural fatigue tester that the utility model embodiment 1 is provided;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the flexural fatigue tester that the utility model embodiment 1 is provided;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the testing element that the utility model embodiment 1 is provided;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the testing element that the utility model embodiment 1 is provided.
Icon:100- flexural fatigue testers;110- bases;111- base plates;113- side plates;120- test devices;
The drive components of 121- second;123- detecting elements;125- testing elements;The mono- cones of 1251-;1253- bicones;127- second drives
Dynamic element;129- retaining elements;1291- fixed parts;1293- motions portion;The grooves of 1295- second;1297- first through hole;1299-
Second through hole;130- clamping devices;The fixtures of 131- first;1311- first connecting portions;The chucks of 1313- first;132- first is recessed
Groove;The fixtures of 133- second;1331- second connecting portions;The chucks of 1333- second;135- pedestals;137- sliding blocks;139- guide rails;140-
First drive component;141- servomotors;143- bearings;150- transmission mechanisms;The worm screws of 151- first;The worm gears of 152- first;
The worm screws of 153- second;The worm gears of 154- second;155- rotating shafts;156- leading screws;157- connecting plates;The supporting constructions of 161- first;162-
First fixed part;The fixed parts of 163- second;The supporting constructions of 164- second;The connectors of 165- first;The connectors of 166- second.
Specific embodiment
It is new below in conjunction with this practicality to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model embodiment clearer
Accompanying drawing in type embodiment, is clearly and completely described, it is clear that retouched to the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment
The embodiment stated is a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole embodiments.Generally described in accompanying drawing herein and
The component of the utility model embodiment for showing can be arranged and designed with a variety of configurations.
Therefore, the detailed description of embodiment of the present utility model below to providing in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit requirement
The scope of the present utility model of protection, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the present utility model.Based in the utility model
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
It should be noted that:Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following accompanying drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in individual accompanying drawing, then it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent accompanying drawing.
It is term " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " perpendicular, it is necessary to explanation in description of the present utility model
Directly ", the orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, or
It is the orientation or position relationship usually put when the utility model product is used, is for only for ease of description the utility model and letter
Change description, rather than indicate imply signified device or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and
Operation, therefore it is not intended that to limitation of the present utility model.Additionally, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. are only used for area
Divide description, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance.
Additionally, the term such as term " level ", " vertical ", " pendency " is not offered as requiring part abswolute level or pendency, and
Can be to be slightly tilted.It is not the expression structure if " level " refers to only its direction with respect to more level for " vertical "
Must be fully horizontal, and can be to be slightly tilted.
In description of the present utility model, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " sets
Put ", " installation ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected,
Or be integrally connected;Can mechanically connect, or electrically connect;Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to by intermediary
It is indirectly connected to, can is two connections of element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be managed with concrete condition
Solve concrete meaning of the above-mentioned term in the utility model.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some implementation methods of the present utility model are elaborated.In the case where not conflicting, under
Feature in the embodiment and embodiment stated can be mutually combined.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is refer to, the present embodiment provides a kind of flexural fatigue tester 100, including base 110, test device
120th, for clamping the first drive component 140 that the clamping device 130 of tested sample is matched with clamping device 130, clamping device
130th, test device 120, the first drive component 140 are individually fixed in base 110.
In the present embodiment, base 110 is L-shaped structure, including base plate 111 and side plate 113.It is of the present utility model other
In embodiment, base 110 can be other shapes, and the utility model is not limited it.
First drive component 140 includes being individually fixed in the servomotor 141 and transmission mechanism 150 of base 110, driver
Structure 150 is connected with base 110, and servomotor 141 drives clamping device 130 by transmission mechanism 150, and X is moved in a first direction.
Fig. 2 is refer to, transmission mechanism 150 includes the first worm screw 151 for cooperating and the first worm gear 152, cooperates
The second worm screw 153 and the second worm gear 154, rotating shaft 155, leading screw 156 and with leading screw 156 coordinate connecting plate 157.Servo electricity
Machine 141 is arranged on side of the base plate 111 away from test device 120 by bearing 143, and the first worm screw 151 is remote with servomotor 141
Connected from one end of test device 120, the first worm screw 151 rotates with the output shaft synchronous of servomotor 141.First worm screw 151
Coordinate with the first worm gear 152 and rotate, the first worm gear 152 is connected with one end of rotating shaft 155, the first worm gear 152 drives to be sheathed on and turns
Second worm screw 153 of axle 155 rotates.Second worm screw 153 and the second worm gear 154 coordinate rotation, the second worm gear 154 and leading screw 156
One end connection, the actuating sleeve of the second worm gear 154 located at leading screw 156 connecting plate 157 in a first direction X motion.
Transmission mechanism 150 also includes the first supporting construction 161 and the second supporting construction 164.First supporting construction 161 includes
The first fixed part 162 and the second fixed part 163 being oppositely arranged.First fixed part 162 and the second fixed part 163 are separately positioned on
Base plate 111 away from the end face of test device 120 two ends, rotating shaft 155 away from the first worm gear 152 one end pass through the second fixed part
163 are connected with the first fixed part 162, and rotating shaft 155 is rotated in the first supporting construction 161.Second supporting construction 164 includes relative
The first connector 165 and the second connector 166 for setting.The upper surface of the first connector 165 and base plate 111 is away from test device
120 one end is fixedly connected, and the second connector 166 is installed between the first connector 165 and side plate 113.Leading screw 156 is away from
One end of two worm gears 154 is flexibly connected through the first connector 165 with the second connector 166, and leading screw 156 can be in the second support knot
Rotated in structure 164.In the present embodiment, the first supporting construction 161 and the second supporting construction 164 are square structure, in this practicality
In new other embodiment, the first supporting construction 161 and the second supporting construction 164 can be other shapes, the utility model
Its shape is not limited.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is refer to, clamping device 130 is connected with the first drive component 140, the first drive component 140 drives folder
Hold the X motions in a first direction of device 130.Clamping device 130 includes the first fixture 131 and the second fixture 133, base that are oppositely arranged
Seat 135.Pedestal 135 is arranged between the first connector 165 and the second connector 166, is fixedly connected with connecting plate 157.Pedestal
135 two ends are respectively fixedly connected with sliding block 137, and the upper surface of base plate 111 is provided with and is engaged with the sliding block 137 at the two ends of pedestal 135
Guide rail 139, sliding block 137 with moving base 135 with connecting plate 157 in a first direction X move.Pedestal 135 away from sliding block 137 two
End is fixedly connected with the first fixture 131 and the second fixture 133 respectively.First fixture 131 includes the first company of mutual cooperation connection
The chuck 1313 of socket part 1311 and first, the second fixture 133 includes the chuck of second connecting portion 1331 and second for connecting that cooperates
1333.First connecting portion 1311, second connecting portion 1331 and the bolt connection of pedestal 135, in the present embodiment, first connecting portion
1311st, second connecting portion 1331 is cuboid, and in other embodiment of the present utility model, first connecting portion 1311, second connects
Socket part 1331 can be prism, and the utility model is not limited it.First chuck 1313, the second chuck 1333 are provided with first
Groove 132, the first chuck 1313, the second chuck 1333 are by the first groove 132 and first connecting portion 1311, second connecting portion
1331 clampings, then fastened with first connecting portion 1311, second connecting portion 1331 by bolt, realize being detachably connected, the first folder
First 1313, second chuck 1333 in second direction Y, slide respectively by relative first connecting portion 1311, second connecting portion 1331, adjusts
Distance between the first chuck 1313, the second chuck 1333, second direction Y is mutually perpendicular to first direction X.
Fig. 4 is refer to, test device 120 includes the second drive component 121, detecting element 123, the test unit that are sequentially connected
Part 125, the second drive component 121 includes the second driving element 127, retaining element 129, and the second driving element 127 is piezo stack
Heap, retaining element 129 is flexible hinge, and flexible hinge make use of elastomeric material micro-strain and its from the characteristic replied, eliminate
Idle running and mechanical friction in transmission process, can obtain the displacement resolution of superelevation.
In the present embodiment, flexible hinge is cuboid, and the utility model is not limited its shape.Flexible hinge has
Fixed part 1291 and motion portion 1293, fixed part 1291 are bolted to connection the end face of side plate 113 in base 110, flexible
The motion portion 1293 of hinge is fixedly connected with detecting element 123, testing element 125 successively.Motion portion 1293 is away from testing element
125 side is provided with the second groove 1295, and size and the size of piezoelectric stack of the second groove 1295 match, pressure
Electricity is stacked and is anchored in the second groove 1295, and X drives motion portion 1293 to move to piezoelectric stack in a first direction.Piezoelectric stack and fortune
It is provided with the symmetrical first through hole 1297 of flexible hinge central axis between dynamic portion 1293, the utility model is to first through hole
1297 shape is not limited, for example, first through hole 1297 is circular or polygon.In the both sides of piezoelectric stack, it is provided with soft
Property the second symmetrical through hole 1299 of hinge centres axis, the utility model is not limited the shape of the second through hole 1299,
For example, the second through hole 1299 is rectangle.Second through hole 1299 is connected with the second groove 1295.Piezoelectric stack is shaken with default frequency
When dynamic, X moves reciprocatingly in a first direction to drive motion portion 1293, and the through hole 1299 of first through hole 1297 and second plays flexible adding
The effect of load so that flexible hinge will not produce excessive impact, and also act as the effect of energy storage during flexible.
The through hole 1299 of first through hole 1297 and second is symmetric design, is in order to ensure the uniform force of motion portion 1293, zero deflection ground edge
First direction X is moved.
In the present embodiment, within 15 μm, frequency can reach 1000Hz, flexible hinge fortune to the displacement range of piezoelectric stack
The displacement range in dynamic portion 1293 is consistent with piezoelectric stack.Testing element 125 be pressure head, such as Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, pressure head is
Single cone 1251, when being interacted with tested sample, produce an active force, flexural fatigue tester 100 operationally, quilt
Test specimens produce three-point bending.In other embodiment of the present utility model, pressure head can be bicone 1253, such as Fig. 6, with quilt
When test specimens interact, two active forces are produced, operationally, tested sample produces at 4 points to flexural fatigue tester 100
Bending;Or four-point bending test can be carried out to tested sample by replaceable pressure head at 3 points.Detecting element 123 is sensor,
Sensor receives and transmits the active force of the tested style that testing element 125 is subject to.Piezoelectric stack, sensor are this area and lead to
With equipment, the utility model is not limited its structure.
The distance between the first chuck 1313 and the second chuck 1333 is adjusted, tested sample is held on clamping device 130.It is logical
Cross the driving of servomotor 141, the distance between regulation tested sample and pressure head when tested sample and the diminution of pressure head spacing, connects
After touch, continue to drive clamping device 130, tested sample is subject to the active force of pressure head and produces deformation.Piezoelectric stack is produced after being powered
Raw vibration, acts on flexible hinge, and ram movement is driven by flexible hinge, make pressure head in the first direction X less than 15 μm
In the range of move back and forth, pressure head acts on tested sample away from one end of flexible hinge, and tired survey is carried out to tested sample
Examination.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of test system, including data processor, sign instrument, flexural fatigue tester 100.
Data processor is connected with flexural fatigue tester 100, and sensor receives the active force that pressure head is subject to, and transmits the data to
Data processor, data processor carries out data processing according to bending strength theory formula and deflection curve equation.
Bending strength theory formula:
Deflection curve equation:
Bending strength theory formula is mechanics of materials fundamental formular with deflection curve equation.
Instrument is characterized to be cooperated with flexural fatigue tester 100, when flexural fatigue tester 100 works, can
Morphology analysis and performance characterization are carried out to tested sample using instrument is characterized, instrument such as electron microscope, metallographic is characterized and is shown
Micro mirror, spectrometer, the utility model are not limited it.
Represented to simplify, non-mentioned position in the present embodiment refers to corresponding contents in embodiment 1.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, the utility model is not limited to, for this
For the technical staff in field, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.It is all it is of the present utility model spirit and principle
Within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.