CN2062356U

CN2062356U - Universal block for building wall material

Info

Publication number: CN2062356U
Application number: CN 89204080
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺永安
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-03-31
Filing date: 1989-03-31
Publication date: 1990-09-19

Abstract

The universal block is a building wall material and belongs to the technical field of building blocks. The defects of the present brick-concrete structure are heavy dead weight, great rigidity, poor ductility and un-solid connection of nodes of wall beams and plate columns. The defects of the present vertical hole type block are easy leakage of mortar in the process of laying, small and un-solid bonding surfaces among the blocks and a lack of horizontal reinforcement in a wall. The block of the utility model adopts an H-shaped structure. Horizontal and vertical holes are arranged in a wall, which facilitates horizontal and vertical pre-stressed reinforcement of the holes and the nodes of the wall beams and the plate columns. The horizontal and the vertical cracks of the wall are fastened by slots and tenons. The slot of the block is arranged on the upper part and the tenon is arranged on the lower part. The laying of the wall are padded by sand and soil. The wall has multi-function of bearing, heat insulation, etc. The utility model can be applied to multi-story buildings in an earthquake region below 9 DEG.

Description

Universal block for building wall material

The utility model belongs to the building block technical field, as materials for wall.

Wall reform is the key subjects of building circle's common concern, and the utility model is that the various drawbacks of existing clay tile wall and various building-block walls are reformed, and possesses multi-functional.

Existing various building block mostly is the vertical core type building block in 2-4 hole, builds by laying bricks or stones with mortar, produces spillage, and adhesive surface is little, and is insecure, and the body of wall node connects weak, within the walls horizontal pipeline can't be set, and can not be used for multistory building, more can not satisfy shockproof requirements.

In August, 77 (see " building information " that building Institute of Social Science Information of Chinese Research Institute for Building Sciences compiles, 1981 17 phases were gone up " building block of band trip " of publication).Also be the building block of vertical core type, without mortar, and utilize the tenon tooth fissure of displacement buckle of levels building block, make wall be connected to integral body with its masonry panel.But it to be cut the cross section little, can produce stress and concentrate.It can't adapt to the various connections of body of wall node and reinforce requirement simultaneously, and body of wall connects loose insecure, more can't satisfy the requirement of multistory building and antidetonation.

87 annual domestic (New Building Materials) magazines, once repeatedly introduced a kind of tenon card type building block (diagram is arranged) that Switzerland and Britain release, it still is the building block of vertical core type, its top end dual-side all has the corresponding logical tenon of triangle convex and concave joggle groove system, groove, so building block vertically relies on the frictional force constraint, in building block building, though the body of wall node is provided with constructional column, but difficulty of construction is bigger, so leave practicality gap is arranged still.

The purpose of this utility model is to be the vertical core type at existing hollow pot, and the spillage bond area is little, and is insecure, is not easy to isostructure post drawknot and reinforces, and can't establish horizontal pipeline within the walls, and shock resistance is poor, and speed of application waits numerous drawbacks to reform slowly.

In a word bright to the utility model below:

This designed for blocks is to have the H shape structure (see figure 1) in duct anyhow, its inner two U-shaped level troughs up and down that form.For weight reduction, and building block is had for the purpose of the vertical linkage path, open hole, a garden (seeing that Fig. 1 5.) at the bottom of the U-lag with the building block middle part again, half garden breach is respectively opened at two ends, and (it not only can constitute the hole, garden within the walls at it, make the vertical passage of reinforcing, and when building by laying bricks or stones,, give to build by laying bricks or stones to bring convenience just in time as the holding a little of operator) (seeing that Fig. 1 is 6.).Block structure is built into body of wall after arranging like this, can make be abound with netted hole within the walls equably, thereby be the reinforcing to giving stress anyhow of body of wall, and the connection of body of wall node is reinforced, for pipeline anyhow to laying, created great convenience.As for Fig. 2, Fig. 3 all is that feasibility according to this requirement and moulding designs.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 mainly are the counterdies that needs the secondary demoulding during in view of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 moulding, the die cost height, and the building block cost can increase.The same Fig. 1 of the technical conceive of Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 2 are the same substantially, and just tongue-and-groove has to change into groove, logical tenon (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) because of building block changes into along long side direction (promptly turning 90 °) shaping and demoulding, and does not have mesopore.But need simple than Fig. 1, Fig. 2 through the bed die of the secondary demoulding.

Effect of the present utility model:

1, building block model is few, only needs the 2-3 kind just can satisfy the needs of masonry panel and various body of wall nodes.

2, building block becomes evenly is being abound with anyhow duct within the walls, and this reinforcing for body of wall provides convenience, flexibility with being connected of wall beam slab-column connections.Especially, it has also created very big facility for concealed installation electric wire, cable, pipeline and electrical equipment.

3, to any one weak part of body of wall and structure, can adopt integral body to give stress and reinforce, can make building not only gentle but also firm, can satisfy the needs that multistory building (below 7 layers) are built in 7-9 degree earthquake region, its shock resistance and degree of safety have reliable guarantee.

4, build by laying bricks or stones to doing operation, build speed fast (approximately than fast four times of brick wall) by laying bricks or stones, the less climatic effect that is subjected to of constructing.

5, body of wall can reduce the Foundation Design expense from heavy and light (being about the heavy 55-60% of 24 brick walls); In conjunction with closely lumping together, labor and material saving saves time body of wall with the post beam slab; Building block is non-sintered, utilizes waste material and local material, helps environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: this building block is the basic block of body of wall, content among the figure: 1. the end face vee-cut, 2. below trapezoidal tenon, 3. hold tenon, 4. end slot, 5. Zhong Yuan hole, can be used as body of wall and vertically reinforce passage, 6. half garden breach, 7. contrate, can stop building block along the wall axial displacement.

Fig. 2: make body of wall polishing piece, content among the figure: 8. end slot, 9. half garden breach, 10. trapezoidal tenon below the end face vee-cut, (11) end face contrate, (12).

Fig. 3: make building block type constructional column (seeing Fig. 6 node) in wall body structure, content among the figure: groove above (13), bottom land can be placed middle vault groove below the tension rib (14) that is connected with body of wall, give and staying to giving stress rib for level is set.(15) rectangle tenon, (16) Zhong Yuan hole below can be used as constructional column and vertically give stress reinforcing passage.

Fig. 4: the bottom surface, top is the logical tenon of groove, does not have contrate, does not have mesopore.In body of wall, it can alternate figures 1, but can not directly constitute vertical duct (need the reorganization combination through between Fig. 4, Fig. 5 self, could constitute vertical core).Content is among its figure: tenon, (21) end face V-shaped groove ditch below (17) end slot, (18) end tenon, (19) half garden breach, (20).

Fig. 5: match with Fig. 4 and to make body of wall polishing piece.Content is among its figure: tenon, (25) end face V-shaped groove ditch below (22) end slot, (23) end face half garden breach, (24).

Each one of Fig. 6: this figure (distinguishing) set of planes syzygy different level by transversal, content is among its figure: (26) building block column vertical rib, (27) stirrup, (28) wall column tension rib, (29) give system concrete pitching pile, (30) cast-in-place mortar, (31) levels blockhouse horizontal joint, (32) linking beam structure muscle, (33) vertically give stress rib, (34) level to give stress rib, (35) are vertically given stress rib and are given the Lingering Garden hole.

Fig. 7: the assembled scheme of this figure building block, content among the figure: below (36) end tenon, (37) building block end face V-shaped groove ditch, (38) building block at the bottom of tenon, (39) horizontal joint, (40) vertical abutment joint, (41) building block end face contrate, (42) V-shaped groove, (43) end slot.

Now this practical embodiment is described in detail:

The connecting mode of building block adopts the tongue-and-groove buckle, without mortar, and uses sand pad.Have corresponding tenon tooth in length and breadth and groove up and down as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, utilize the half-and-half dislocation of levels building block perps when building by laying bricks or stones, make three positive good hands of tenon tooth of building block lower end, upper strata insert (see figure 7) in the groove on two building blocks half and half of lower floor, thereby make building block all block the jail on two directions in length and breadth, vertically then use restraint by blockwork deadweight and collar tie beam.Fig. 3 has building block type constructional column of one's own, and it has corresponding chase mortise up and down, reinforcing bar can be set ［ see Fig. 6 (28) ］ with the body of wall drawknot, and Fig. 4, Fig. 5 have only straight-through longitudinally chase mortise, so vertically rely on the frictional force constraint between tongue-and-groove.

In order to reduce the building block model as far as possible, also can be for the body of wall node without Fig. 3, and utilize Fig. 1, reorganization between Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 building block self, constituting new lengthening piece (pricks with φ 4 muscle watchman's wooden clappers, seam is watered slurry), intersect and to build by laying bricks or stones the needs of (also can satisfy vertically give stress reinforce) to adapt to the body of wall node, omnipotent thus building block also has the characteristics of reorganization and the planning function.

Because building block is adopted not have to grout and is built, the tongue-and-groove buckle, this just requires each size of building block accurate, needs precise forming, and precision is built by laying bricks or stones.This building block requirement forming errors must not be above 3 millimeters.

Add up to, the main feature of this building block is: H shape structure, have duct anyhow, and for good condition has been created in the reinforcing of body of wall and building, the anyhow seam of body of wall is by the tongue-and-groove buckle, and the building block groove is in the upper end, and tenon is at one end built the employing sand pad by laying bricks or stones.

Claims

1, a kind of new construction material-omnipotent building block, by skeleton, vee-cut 1., tenon 2., the end tenon 3., end slot 4., the Zhong Yuan hole 5., 6. half garden breach reach contrate etc. and form, the tongue-and-groove buckle retrains mutually by the frictional force between tongue-and-groove when it is characterized in that the building block connection.

2,1. the groove of end face according to claim 1 is characterized by V-arrangement, is connected when 2. building by laying bricks or stones with tenon.

3,2. tenon according to claim 1 is characterized by trapezoidally in the building block bottom surface, 1. is connected during building block with the groove of V-arrangement.

4, end tenon according to claim 1 3., end slot 4., it is trapezoidal it is characterized in that holding tenon, end slot is a V-arrangement, each is at the right and left, connects each other when building by laying bricks or stones.