CN104631658A - Construction method of adobe wall suitable for seismic fortification high-seismic-intensity area and adobes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method of an adobe wall suitable for high-intensity areas of earthquake-resistant fortification and the adobe, belonging to the technical field of construction engineering. The invention makes various types of adobes, and paints water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layers on specific parts of the adobes. The adobe is laid flat with staggered joints, and two horizontal grooves and several vertical round holes that run through the entire height of the adobe wall are formed within the height range of the adobe wall. The vertical steel bars are pre-embedded on the strip foundation at the center of the round holes. The longitudinal reinforcement in the horizontal groove hooks the vertical reinforcement in the vertical circular hole at the end of the adobe wall. The settlement buffer zone of the adobe wall is set at the intersection of the horizontal groove of the adobe wall and the vertical circular hole. Concrete is poured into the vertical circular hole to form a hidden column, and then the concrete in the groove outside the settlement buffer zone is poured to form a dark circle beam. After the settlement of the adobe wall is stable, the settlement buffer zone is filled with concrete, and the dark circle beams and hidden columns form a reinforced concrete reinforced grid in the adobe wall. The invention plays the role of strengthening the whole adobe wall and significantly improving the anti-seismic ability.

Description

A construction method and adobe for an adobe wall suitable for high-intensity areas of seismic fortification

technical field

The invention relates to a construction method of an adobe wall suitable for high-intensity areas of earthquake-resistant fortification and the adobe, belonging to the technical field of construction engineering.

Background technique

The adobe farmhouses are made from local materials, and the cost is low, so they are widely used in poor villages in western my country. Adobe farmhouses are also an important part of traditional characteristic villages. Taking Yunnan, a major ethnic and cultural province, as an example, the traditional dwellings of its 26 traditional ethnic groups all use raw soil as building materials to a greater or lesser extent. Judging from the current situation, adobe farm houses are gradually withdrawing from the stage of farm house construction. There are three main reasons: First, the traditional adobe farm houses have poor seismic performance. In previous earthquakes, the collapse of adobe walls was the main cause of casualties. One of the reasons; secondly, the main load-bearing structure of the traditional adobe building adopts a wooden structure, and the adobe wall mainly acts as an enclosure wall. The native houses have small windows and dark interiors, making it difficult to meet the requirements of improving the quality of living in rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary to address the deficiencies of traditional adobe wall technology and propose improved technologies to provide technical support for the inheritance and development of adobe buildings.

At present, there are already some anti-seismic strengthening measures and structural systems for farm houses with adobe walls in China, including cast-in-place gypsum adobe wall structures, wood sandwich structures, and wood frame-adobe wall structures. Compared with the traditional adobe wall, the anti-seismic ability of these technologies has been improved to a certain extent, but it cannot effectively solve the anti-seismic problem of adobe farm houses in high-intensity areas. Wood is prone to mildew and decay, and gypsum is not only limited by resources, but also not resistant to water.

In order to solve the above problems, "a reinforced concrete reinforced earth block wall" (patent number: CN201020189029.6) proposes to use reinforced concrete ring beams and columns to strengthen the earth block wall, which is characterized in that the wall foundation and longitudinal, Between the horizontal earth block walls, between the floor slab and the longitudinal and transverse earth block walls, and between the roof and the longitudinal and transverse earth block walls, there are respectively horizontally placed reinforced concrete ring beams. Reinforced concrete columns are arranged at the joints of the horizontal earth block walls, and steel wire mesh or steel bars are arranged at intervals at the joints of the longitudinal and transverse earth block walls to strengthen the connection between the earth block walls and prevent the earth block walls from Cracks are generated on the top of the earth block, and the overall performance and bearing capacity of the wall of the earth block staggered masonry are improved. This method has the following obvious deficiencies in solving the seismic problem of adobe walls:

1. The soil blocks used in this technology are machine-hydraulic and built with cement mortar. The masonry has high strength and slight creep after being subjected to vertical loads. It is easy to maintain the overall force with the reinforced concrete ring beam and reinforced concrete column. However, the elastic modulus of traditional handmade adobe masonry is only about 3% of that of C20 concrete, and it is built with cement mortar. The column maintains the overall force.

2. The soil block is made of machine hydraulic pressure, with high density and low water absorption. After the concrete of the reinforced concrete ring beam and reinforced concrete column is poured, the water loss is small and the maintenance effect is good. However, the adobe has a high water absorption rate, and pouring reinforced concrete ring beams and reinforced concrete columns on the adobe wall will easily cause the concrete to lose water too quickly, which will affect the curing effect of the concrete, and the strength of the concrete cannot be guaranteed.

3. This technology only sets reinforced concrete columns at the intersection of vertical and horizontal walls, and sets reinforced concrete ring beams at the floor elevation. There is no strengthening member in the entire wall to maintain the integrity of the adobe wall. The entire wall is likely to collapse during an earthquake, endangering the integrity of the adobe wall. Safety of life and property of personnel.

4. The reinforced concrete column and the reinforced concrete ring beam of this technology need to install formwork to pour concrete, and the construction is relatively cumbersome.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the adobe wall has weak anti-seismic ability and is easy to collapse. The construction method of the adobe wall in the fortified high-intensity area is used to solve some problems such as weak earthquake resistance and easy collapse of the adobe wall, difficulty in coordinating the force of the reinforced concrete structural columns and ring beams with the adobe wall, and poor concrete maintenance caused by adobe water absorption.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: 1, a kind of construction method of anti-seismic adobe wall:

Step 1: On the reinforced concrete strip foundation along the center line of the adobe wall, pre-embed a vertical hidden column pre-embedded threaded steel bars every 0.6~1.8m;

Step 2: Prepare adobe, the prepared adobe at least includes standard adobe, adobe with groove, adobe with round hole, and short adobe, and the adobe with groove at least includes adobe with standard groove, adobe with groove in center, adobe with semicircle on side Groove-shaped adobe; the adobe with round holes at least includes adobe with round holes in the center and adobe with semi-circular holes in the side; the short adobe at least includes short adobe with round holes in the side;

Step 3: Fully coat the water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer on the curved surface of the adobe, and fully coat the water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer on the inner wall of the groove of the adobe;

Step 4: On the strip foundation of reinforced concrete, use other types of adobe except the channel adobe to construct the adobe wall through the way of cement mortar staggered joints, and form several vertical round holes in the adobe wall. The spacing is the same as that of the pre-embedded threaded reinforcement in the vertical concealed column;

Step 5: When the adobe wall is built to a certain height within the storey height range, the grooved adobe is used to build side by side on the reinforced concrete strip foundation, and the pre-buried vertical hidden column pre-embedded threaded steel bars on the reinforced concrete strip foundation are used as In the center, several vertical round holes and full-length horizontal grooves are formed on the adobe wall, and the spacing between the vertical round holes is the same as that of the pre-embedded threaded steel bars in the vertical concealed columns;

Step 6: Pour retarded fine stone concrete into the vertical circular hole of the adobe wall, and stop pouring retarded concrete into the vertical circular hole when the elevation of the top surface of the retarded concrete in the circular hole reaches the bottom surface of the groove-shaped adobe;

Step 7: Process smooth steel bars into tie bars, bind them together with two longitudinal steel bars of horizontal hidden beams, and put them into the long horizontal grooves on the adobe wall constructed by channel-shaped adobes. The horizontal darkened bars in the grooves The longitudinal steel bar of the beam is bent back at the vertical round hole at the end of the adobe wall, hooking the pre-embedded threaded steel bar of the vertical hidden column in the round hole at the end of the adobe wall;

Step 8: Pour quick-setting concrete into the full-length horizontal groove on the adobe wall to form the wall waist hidden circle beam; The column space is the settlement buffer space of the adobe wall at the height of half a storey, and no concrete shall be poured in this space;

Step 9: When the concrete strength of the hidden ring beam at the waist of the wall reaches more than 50% of the design strength, continue to build the adobe wall;

Step 10: The adobe is built with staggered joints, centered on the pre-embedded vertical concealed column and the pre-embedded threaded steel bar, and through the combination of different types of adobe, several vertical round holes are formed in the adobe wall. The spacing of the pre-embedded threaded steel bars to the concealed column is the same;

Step 11: When the adobe wall is built up to the storey height, groove-shaped adobes are used to build side by side, and a long horizontal groove is formed on the adobe wall. The horizontal groove is used to form a dark ring beam of the storey height. The method of reinforcing bars in the horizontal groove It is the same as the dark ring beam at the waist of the wall;

Step 12: Pour slow-setting concrete into the vertical hole of the adobe wall, and then pour the concrete for the hidden beam and floor slab; the dark column space within the height range of the dark ring beam groove type adobe on the top of the wall and the floor slab within the projection range of the hidden column plane The solid part is the settlement buffer space of the adobe wall at the storey height, and no concrete shall be poured in this space;

Step 13: After the deformation of the entire adobe wall is stable, the settlement buffer space of the adobe wall at the height of the storey is filled with micro-expanded fine stone concrete, and the construction of the anti-seismic adobe wall is completed.

The water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer is emulsified asphalt and viscous waterproof paint. This water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer has three functions: one is to protect the concrete curing water of the concealed beams and columns in the adobe wall from being absorbed by the adobe, so as to ensure the maintenance quality of the concrete; When the surface of the adobe and the surface of the hidden beam and the hidden column produce relative reciprocating stagger, the viscous damping effect of the water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer can consume the seismic energy, and further improve the seismic capacity of the adobe wall. The third is to allow the deformation of the adobe wall to be asynchronous with the concealed column, which has the function of deformation coordination. The elastic modulus of the adobe wall is only about 3% of that of C20 concrete, and it is built with cement mortar. The strength of the masonry is low, and the creep is relatively large after being subjected to vertical loads, so it is difficult to maintain the overall force with the reinforced concrete concealed column. Since the reinforced concrete concealed column and the contact surface of the adobe wall are separated by a water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer, the creep deformation of the adobe wall is less constrained by the reinforced concrete concealed column, which reduces the secondary stress caused by the restraint of both parties and protects The integrity of the adobe walls.

The vertical holes and horizontal grooves in the adobe wall are equipped with steel bars, and concrete is poured to form two-way intersecting reinforced concrete concealed columns and reinforced concrete concealed beams, and the concealed columns and concealed beams form an invisible reinforced concrete two-way reinforced grid in the adobe wall . Improve the integrity of the adobe wall, while improving the earthquake resistance, prevent the adobe wall from collapsing in large pieces during an earthquake, causing loss of life and property. Moreover, the reinforced concrete concealed column and the reinforced concrete concealed beam do not need formwork pouring, which saves wood and is easy to construct.

In order to alleviate the creep deformation of the adobe wall constrained by the reinforced concrete concealed column, and further reduce the secondary stress caused by the excessive restraint of both sides, a settlement buffer space is set at the intersection of the reinforced concrete concealed column and the reinforced concrete concealed circle beam, and the When building the adobe wall above the buffer space, no concrete shall be poured in the buffer space to ensure the free settlement of the adobe wall above the masonry buffer space. After the free settlement of the adobe wall is basically stable, slow-bonding concrete shall be poured. Delaying the solidification time of the concrete of the concealed column creates conditions for the further settlement of the adobe wall buffered above the space, and ensures that the mortar joints of the adobe wall are compacted and full.

The longitudinal steel bar of the horizontal hidden beam is bent back at the vertical hole at the end of the adobe wall, and directly hooks the pre-embedded threaded steel bar of the vertical hidden column in the round hole at the end of the adobe wall. The purpose of this measure is to improve the anti-instability ability of the concealed column at the end of the adobe wall, strengthen the restraint on the adobe wall, and further improve the anti-seismic ability of the adobe wall.

When the adobe wall is built to the storey height, the cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor slab is used to further improve the coordinated force of the adobe wall.

The adobe at least includes a standard adobe, a trough adobe, a round hole adobe, and a short adobe; the standard adobe is a cuboid; the short adobe is half of the standard adobe.

The grooved adobe at least includes a standard grooved adobe, a grooved adobe with a round hole in the center, and a semicircular grooved adobe on the side; the standard grooved adobe has grooves on the standard adobe; the center has a round hole The groove-shaped adobe has a through hole in the geometric center of the standard groove-shaped adobe groove; the side with a semicircular groove-type adobe has a through-through semicircular hole on one side or symmetrical sides of the groove of the standard groove-shaped adobe .

The adobe with round holes at least includes adobe with round holes in the center and adobe with semicircular holes in the side; the adobe with round holes in the center has a through hole at the geometric center of the standard adobe; the adobe with semicircular holes in the side is There are semicircular holes through the standard adobe on one side or on both symmetrical sides.

The short adobe at least includes a short adobe with round holes on the sides; the short adobe with round holes on the sides is divided into longitudinal or transverse portions of the adobe with a round hole in the center.

The groove width of the groove-shaped adobe is greater than the diameter of the through hole on the adobe with the round hole.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) A nearly square reinforced concrete reinforcement grid with a side length of less than 1.8 meters is formed in the adobe wall. The Yunnan Engineering Seismic Research Center conducted a quasi-static test on three full-scale adobe walls for this technology. The structural test results show that the adobe walls constructed according to this method can increase the ductility of the adobe walls by more than 3 times compared with the existing technology, and the vertical load capacity The capacity is increased by more than 2 times. After the adobe wall sheet reaches the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity, it can still withstand more than 4 times the vertical service load without overall instability. "Seismic Technical Regulations for Town (Township) and Village Buildings" JGJ 161-2008 is my country's industry standard for anti-seismic buildings in villages and towns. In this industry standard, traditional two-story adobe buildings are only allowed to be used in 6-degree and non-seismic fortification areas. 7 Degree and 8 degree earthquake fortified areas are prohibited. After adopting this technology, the two-story adobe building meets the seismic fortification requirements of 8 degrees, and the one-story adobe building meets the seismic fortification requirements of 9 degrees, which greatly expands the use range of adobe buildings.

2) A nearly square reinforced concrete reinforced grid with a side length less than 1.8 meters is formed in the adobe wall, so as to control the extension range of cracks in the adobe wall not to cross the reinforced concrete reinforced grid during earthquakes. Structural test results show that: when the adobe wall reaches the ultimate bearing capacity, there will be no full-length cracks extending to the entire wall, the wall will remain intact, and no large pieces of adobe will fall off. This avoids the loss of personnel and property caused by the collapse of the adobe wall caused by the earthquake.

3) Change the centralized configuration of structural columns and ring beams in the original technology to decentralized configuration. In the original technology, a reinforced concrete ring beam with a section width of 240-360mm and a section height of 120-240mm is installed at the storey height for each layer of adobe wall. In this technology, each layer of adobe wall is provided with a certain height within the storey height range and at the storey height. For dark circle beams with a section width of 80-140mm and a section height of 60-80mm, the amount of concrete used is less than 1/2 of the original technology, and the amount of steel bars is reduced by 20%. The original technology only sets reinforced concrete structural columns (section size 240mmx240mm) at the intersection of vertical and horizontal walls, and the spacing between the structural columns is large. The diameter of the hidden columns of this technology is 80~140mm, and the spacing is less than 1.8m. The amount of concrete is the same as that of the original technology, and the amount of steel bars is reduced by 30. %. The technology improves the seismic capacity of the adobe wall on the premise of reducing the amount of reinforced concrete.

4) The horizontal grooves and vertical round holes forming the reinforced concrete hidden circle beams and hidden columns in the adobe wall of this technology are all made of different types of adobe combinations. No additional formwork is required when pouring concrete, and the construction is simple and economical.

5). In this technology, the reinforced concrete concealed column of the adobe wall, the reinforced concrete concealed beam and the contact surface of the adobe are all painted with emulsified asphalt as a waterproof layer. In addition to the function of preventing the strength of the concrete from being affected by water loss during the curing process, this waterproof layer also has two other functions: one is the action of the viscous energy-dissipating layer. When relative displacement occurs with the adobe, the emulsified asphalt has a viscous energy-dissipating effect, which is beneficial to the earthquake resistance of the structure; second, it has the function of deformation coordination. The creep deformation of the adobe wall is greater than that of the reinforced concrete concealed column in the adobe wall. Since the contact surface between the reinforced concrete concealed column and the adobe wall is separated by emulsified asphalt, the creep deformation of the adobe wall is less constrained by the reinforced concrete concealed column, reducing The two sides restrain the secondary stress generated and protect the integrity of the adobe wall.

6) In order to alleviate the creep deformation of the adobe wall constrained by the reinforced concrete concealed column, and further reduce the secondary stress caused by the excessive restraint of both sides, a settlement buffer space is set at the intersection of the reinforced concrete concealed column and the reinforced concrete concealed ring beam. When building the adobe wall above the buffer space, no concrete is poured in the buffer space to ensure the free settlement of the adobe wall above the masonry buffer space. After the free settlement is basically stable, pour slow-bonding concrete to delay The setting time of the concrete of the concealed column creates conditions for the further settlement of the adobe wall above the buffer space of the masonry, and ensures that the mortar joints of the adobe wall are dense and full.

7) The wall thickness of the adobe wall of this technology is only three-fifths of the thickness of the traditional adobe wall, and the soil consumption is small, which saves energy and land.

8) The adobe walls built with this technology can use cast-in-place reinforced concrete floors. Compared with traditional adobe buildings, the durability and fire resistance are significantly improved, and no wood is used to protect the forest.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the standard adobe structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the adobe with circular holes in the center of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adobe with semicircular holes on the side of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the standard groove type adobe of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a grooved adobe with a circular hole in the center of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the grooved adobe with semicircular holes on the sides of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a short adobe structure schematic diagram with round holes on the sides of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of adobe wall masonry of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of dark circle beam reinforcement of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the adobe wall of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the adobe wall of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a load-displacement wall skeleton curve diagram of the adobe wall of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a load-displacement wall hysteresis curve of the adobe wall of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-reinforced concrete strip foundation, 2-standard adobe, 3-adobe with round hole in the center, 4-adobe with semi-circular hole in the side, 5-standard groove adobe, 6- groove adobe with round hole in the center, 7-Trough adobe with semicircular holes on the side, 8-Short adobe with round holes on the side, 9-Water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer, 10-Settlement buffer space, 11-Ordinary concrete, 12-Slow setting concrete, 13 - Pre-embedded threaded steel bars for vertical hidden columns, 14 - Longitudinal steel bars for horizontal hidden beams, 15 - Tension steel bars, 16 - Reinforced concrete floor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1: According to the layout of the adobe wall in the architectural design, first construct the reinforced concrete strip foundation 1 of the adobe wall, and pre-bury a diameter of every 0.6~1.8m on the center line of the adobe wall on the reinforced concrete strip foundation 1. 12~16mm vertical hidden column pre-embedded threaded steel bar 13. According to Figure 1-7, prepare different quantities of standard adobe 2, adobe with round hole in the center 3, adobe with semicircle hole in the side 4, standard groove adobe 5, groove adobe 6 with round hole in the center, and semicircle hole in the side Grooved adobe 7, short adobe 8 with round holes on the sides. Brush emulsified asphalt 9 on the curved surface of the adobe 3 with round holes in the center, adobe 4 with semi-circular holes in the side, and short adobe 8 with round holes in the side as a water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer. 1. The groove inner wall of the groove-shaped adobe 6 with round holes in the center and the groove-type adobe 7 with semi-circular holes in the side is fully coated with emulsified asphalt 9 as a water-proof and viscous energy-dissipating layer.

In Fig. 8, these adobes are built on the reinforced concrete strip foundation 1 with mortar staggered joints, with the vertical concealed column pre-embedded threaded steel bar 13 as the center, through the adobe standard adobe 2, the adobe with round holes in the center 3, the side The combination of adobe 4 with semi-circular holes on the side and short adobe 8 with round holes on the side forms a number of vertical round holes with a diameter of 80-140 mm in the adobe wall, and the distance between the vertical round holes and the distance between the embedded threaded steel bars 13 in the vertical concealed columns same. When the adobe wall is built to a certain height within the storey height range, the standard grooved adobe 5, the grooved adobe with a round hole in the center 6, the grooved adobe with a semicircular hole in the side 7, and the short adobe 8 with a round hole in the side are used side by side. , forming a full-length horizontal groove in the adobe wall. The width of the long horizontal groove is 80~140mm, and the depth is 60~80mm. Pour ordinary concrete 11 into the vertical circular hole of the adobe wall to form a concrete concealed column with pre-embedded threaded steel bars 13 in the vertical concealed column. When the elevation of the top surface of ordinary concrete 11 in the circular hole reaches the bottom surface of the standard channel adobe 5 of the channel adobe, the channel adobe 6 with a round hole in the center, and the bottom surface of the channel adobe 7 with a semicircular hole on the side, stop pouring the ordinary concrete into the vertical circular hole. concrete.

In Fig. 9, the smooth steel bar with a diameter of 6 mm is processed into a tie bar 15, which is bound together with two horizontal hidden beam longitudinal bars 14 with a diameter of 10-14 mm, and put into the long horizontal groove on the adobe wall , the horizontal concealed beam longitudinal reinforcement 14 in the groove is bent back at the vertical hole at the end of the adobe wall, and hooks the pre-embedded threaded steel bar 13 of the vertical concealed column in the end circular hole of the adobe wall.

In Fig. 10, ordinary concrete 11 is poured into the long horizontal groove on the adobe wall to form a dark ring beam at the waist of the wall. When pouring the fine stone concrete 11 of the hidden ring beam at the waist of the wall, ordinary concrete 11 shall not be poured in the vertical round hole of the adobe wall within the height range of the height range of the adobe wall with a round hole groove 6 in the center of the wall waist dark ring beam or with a semicircle hole groove 7 on the side. This range is the settlement buffer space 10 of the adobe wall below the dark ring beam at the wall waist. When the strength of the ordinary concrete 11 of the hidden ring beam at the wall waist reaches more than 50% of the design strength, continue to build the adobe wall. The adobe is built with staggered joints, with the vertical hidden column pre-embedded threaded steel bar 13 as the center, through the adobe adobe standard adobe 2, the adobe with a round hole in the center 3, the adobe with a semi-round hole in the side 4, and the short adobe 8 with a round hole in the side Combined, a number of vertical circular holes with a diameter of 80-140 mm are formed in the adobe wall, and the spacing of the vertical circular holes is the same as that of the embedded threaded steel bars 13 of the vertical concealed columns. When the adobe wall is built up to the storey height, the adobe standard groove adobe 5, the groove adobe 6 with a round hole in the center, the groove adobe 7 with a semicircle hole in the side, and the short adobe 8 with a round hole in the side are used to build side by side. A full-length horizontal groove is formed in the wall, which is used to form a story height dark circle beam. The method of reinforcement in the horizontal groove is the same as that of the dark ring beam at the wall waist. Slow-setting concrete 12 is poured in the vertical hole of the adobe wall, and when the elevation of the top surface of the slow-setting concrete 12 reaches the elevation of the bottom surface of the grooved adobe forming the layer height dark circle beam, stop pouring concrete. When pouring the concrete 11 of the story-high dark ring beam, no concrete shall be poured in the vertical round hole in the adobe wall within the height range of the height of the dark ring beam at the center with a circular hole groove 6 or the side with a semicircular hole groove 7. This range is the settlement buffer space 10 of the adobe wall below the story height dark circle beam. After the deformation of the whole adobe wall is stable, concrete 11 is used to fill the settlement buffer space 10 of the adobe wall below the dark ring beam of the storey height.

In Fig. 11, the reinforced concrete floor slab 16 is poured on the top surface of the story-height dark circle beam, and the construction of the anti-seismic adobe wall is completed.

Figure 12 shows the load-displacement skeleton curve of the seismic adobe wall test results. When the wall displacement is 7.88mm, horizontal cracks appear, corresponding to a horizontal load of 77.6kN. As the displacement increases, cracks in the wall continue to appear and develop. When the load reaches 15.9mm, the horizontal load reaches a maximum value of 144.1kN. When the load continues, the wall is destroyed when the displacement reaches 22.3mm.

Figure 13 is the hysteresis curve of the test results of the seismic adobe wall, and the area enclosed by the hysteresis curve represents the accumulated plastic deformation energy of the specimen during the loading process. It can be seen from the hysteresis curve that as the loading amplitude increases, the fullness of the hysteresis loop tends to increase gradually, indicating that the accumulated plastic deformation energy of the specimen gradually increases, that is, the energy dissipation capacity continues to increase.

From the beginning of loading to failure, the three test walls have gone through three stages of elasticity, elastoplasticity and failure. The wall shear test data are shown in Table 1

Table 1 Test results

Since the test uses a two-story adobe building as a reference, this condition is also used in the calculation of the horizontal seismic shear force (action) of the adobe wall under earthquake action. Through theoretical calculation, it is obtained that the test adobe wall (3000mm in length and 2400mm in height) will bear the horizontal shear force of the ground floor wall under the action of an earthquake with a basic intensity of 7 degrees: the horizontal shear force of the test wall calculated based on the front longitudinal wall is 79.19kN; The estimated horizontal seismic action of the test wall is 47.34kN. Under the action of an earthquake with a basic intensity of 8 degrees, the ground floor wall is subjected to horizontal shear force: the horizontal seismic action of the test wall calculated according to the front longitudinal wall is 154.92kN; the horizontal seismic action of the test wall calculated according to the inner transverse is 92.61kN. The comparison with the test results is shown in Table 2 and Table 3.

Table 2 The ratio of the maximum bearing capacity to the effect under the condition of seismic fortification of degree 7

Table 3 The ratio of the maximum bearing capacity to the effect under the condition of seismic fortification of degree 8

It can be seen from Table 2 that the new type of seismic-resistant adobe wall meets the seismic fortification requirements of 7 degrees, and has sufficient safety reserve for shear resistance; it can be seen from the test that when the adobe wall reaches the ultimate shear bearing capacity, a vertical load of 4 times the gravity is applied No overall crushing occurs; therefore, under the guidance of the building's seismic concept design principles, the new type of earthquake-resistant adobe wall can be used for the construction of two-story adobe buildings in the seismic fortification area of 7 degrees.

It can be seen from Table 3 that the new type of earthquake-resistant adobe wall is close to the shear bearing capacity requirements for earthquake-resistant fortifications of 8 degrees. After further improving the structure, the two-story adobe wall building can meet the requirements of the 8-degree fortification intensity. A one-story adobe wall building can meet the requirements of the 9-degree fortification intensity.

The adobe at least includes a standard adobe, a trough adobe, a round hole adobe, and a short adobe; the standard adobe is a cuboid; the short adobe is half of the standard adobe.

The grooved adobe at least includes a standard grooved adobe, a grooved adobe with a round hole in the center, and a semicircular grooved adobe on the side; the standard grooved adobe has grooves on the standard adobe; the center has a round hole The groove-shaped adobe has a through circular hole at the geometric center of the groove of the standard groove-shaped adobe; the said groove-shaped adobe with a semicircle on the side is a standard groove-shaped adobe with a through semicircular hole on one or both sides of the groove.

The adobe with round holes at least includes adobe with round holes in the center and adobe with semicircular holes in the side; the adobe with round holes in the center has a through hole at the geometric center of the standard adobe; the adobe with semicircular holes in the side is There are semicircular holes through the standard adobe on one side or on both symmetrical sides.

The short adobe at least includes a short adobe with round holes on the sides; the short adobe with round holes on the sides is divided into longitudinal or transverse portions of the adobe with a round hole in the center.

The groove width of the groove-shaped adobe is greater than the diameter of the through hole on the adobe with the round hole.

The specific implementation of the present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation, within the knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Variations.

Claims (11)

1. be applicable to provide fortification against earthquakes the construction method of adobe wall of highly seismic region and a sun-dried mud brick, it is characterized in that:

Step 1: along adobe wall position of center line on reinforced concrete strip foundation, every the pre-buried pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper of 0.6 ~ 1.8m;

Step 2: prepare sun-dried mud brick, prepared sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard sun-dried mud brick, grooved sun-dried mud brick, circular hole sun-dried mud brick, short sun-dried mud brick, and described grooved sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard channel sun-dried mud brick, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick; Described circular hole sun-dried mud brick at least comprises middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick; Described short sun-dried mud brick at least comprises the short sun-dried mud brick of side band circular hole;

Step 3: full coat water proof and viscous power consumption layer material on the curved surfaces of sun-dried mud brick, full coat water proof and viscous power consumption layer material on the groove inner wall of grooved sun-dried mud brick;

Step 4: on reinforced concrete strip foundation, utilize the sun-dried mud brick of the other types except grooved sun-dried mud brick to equal the mode of building by the cement mortar fissure of displacement and construct adobe wall, in adobe wall, form some vertical circular holes, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;

Step 5: adobe wall build to certain altitude within the scope of floor height constantly, reinforced concrete strip foundation adopt grooved sun-dried mud brick build by laying bricks or stones side by side, centered by the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper pre-buried on reinforced concrete strip foundation, adobe wall is formed some vertical circular holes and elongated horizontal groove, and vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;

Step 6: build slow setting pea gravel concreten in the vertical circular hole of adobe wall, when retarded concrete end face absolute altitude in circular hole arrives grooved sun-dried mud brick bottom surface, stops building retarded concrete in vertical circular hole;

Step 7: plain steel-bar is processed into steel tie, bundle with two dark beam longitudinal reinforcements of level, put into the elongated horizontal groove on the adobe wall constructed by grooved sun-dried mud brick, level in groove dark beam longitudinal reinforcement holds to the greatest extent vertical circular hole place back bending at adobe wall, catches on adobe wall and holds to the greatest extent the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper in circular hole;

Step 8: build fast hardening concrete in the elongated horizontal groove on adobe wall, forms the dark collar tie beam of wall waist; When watering the dark collar tie beam fast hardening concrete of walling waist, the sleeper space in wall waist dark collar tie beam grooved sun-dried mud brick altitude range is half storey eminence adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, must not concreting in this space;

Step 9: when the dark collar tie beam concrete strength of wall waist reaches more than 50% of design strength, continue to build adobe wall by laying bricks or stones;

Step 10: the sun-dried mud brick fissure of displacement is flat to be built, and centered by the pre-buried indented bars of pre-buried vertical sleeper, by the combination of dissimilar sun-dried mud brick, form some vertical circular holes in adobe wall, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;

Step 11: when adobe wall is built to floor height, adopt grooved sun-dried mud brick to build by laying bricks or stones side by side, adobe wall is formed elongated horizontal groove, and this horizontal groove is for the formation of the dark collar tie beam of floor height, and in horizontal groove, reinforcing bar way is identical with the dark collar tie beam of wall waist;

Step 12: build slow setting knot concrete in the vertical hole of adobe wall, then build the concrete of the dark beam of floor height and floor; Sleeper space in the dark collar tie beam grooved sun-dried mud brick altitude range of wall top and the floor entity part within the scope of sleeper plane projection are floor height place adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, must not concreting in this space;

Step 13: after whole adobe wall body deformability is stable, with microdilatancy pea gravel concreten packed layer eminence adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, antidetonation adobe wall has been constructed.

2. the construction method of antidetonation adobe wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water proof and viscous power consumption layer are mulseal, viscosity water-repellent paint.

3. the construction method of antidetonation adobe wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: configuration reinforcement in vertical hole and horizontal groove in described adobe wall, concreting, form bidirectional crossed steel concrete sleeper and the dark beam of steel concrete, sleeper and dark beam form the two-way strengthening grid of stealthy steel concrete in adobe wall.

4. the construction method of antidetonation adobe wall according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: at described steel concrete sleeper and steel concrete dark collar tie beam intersection, sedimentation cushion space is set, when building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, not concreting in cushion space, ensure building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall free settling on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, after the free settling of sun-dried mud brick body of wall is basicly stable, then build slow cohesion concrete.

5. the construction method of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 1, is characterized in that: described level dark beam longitudinal reinforcement holds to the greatest extent vertical circular hole place back bending at adobe wall, directly catches on adobe wall and holds to the greatest extent the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper in circular hole.

6. the construction method of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 1, is characterized in that being: when adobe wall is built to floor height, adopt in-situ reinforced concrete slab, improve adobe wall cooperative bearing further.

7. for a sun-dried mud brick for the antidetonation adobe wall described in the power of constructing 1, it is characterized in that: described sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard sun-dried mud brick, grooved sun-dried mud brick, circular hole sun-dried mud brick, short sun-dried mud brick; Described standard sun-dried mud brick is cuboid; Described short sun-dried mud brick is the half of standard sun-dried mud brick.

8. the sun-dried mud brick of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: described grooved sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard channel sun-dried mud brick, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick; Described standard channel sun-dried mud brick for have groove on standard sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick is that the geometric center place in standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove has the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick is that the both sides of standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove side or symmetry have the semicircle orifice run through.

9. the sun-dried mud brick of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: described circular hole sun-dried mud brick at least comprises middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick is have at standard sun-dried mud brick geometric center place the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick is have in the both sides of standard sun-dried mud brick side or symmetry the semicircle orifice run through.

10. the sun-dried mud brick of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: described short sun-dried mud brick at least comprises the short sun-dried mud brick of side band circular hole; The short sun-dried mud brick of described side band circular hole is for divide equally vertical or horizontal for middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick.

The sun-dried mud brick of 11. antidetonation adobe walls according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: the width of described grooved sun-dried mud brick groove is greater than diameter circular hole sun-dried mud brick running through circular hole.