CN104631658A - Construction method of adobe wall suitable for seismic fortification high-seismic-intensity area and adobes - Google Patents
Construction method of adobe wall suitable for seismic fortification high-seismic-intensity area and adobes Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011454 mudbrick Substances 0.000 claims description 248
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of an adobe wall suitable for a seismic fortification high-seismic-intensity area and adobes, and belongs to the technical field of constriction engineering. Multiple types of adobes are manufactured, and specific portions of the adobes are painted with water insulation and viscous energy consumption layers. The adobes are laid flatly in a joint staggering mode, two horizontal grooves and a plurality of vertical round holes penetrating through the full height of an adobe wall body are formed within an adobe wall layer high range, and vertical steel bars are embedded in strip foundations at the centers of the round holes. Longitudinal steel bars in the horizontal grooves hook the vertical steel bars in the vertical round holes in the ends of the adobe wall. Adobe wall sedimentation buffer areas are arranged at the intersections of the horizontal grooves and the vertical round holes of the adobe wall. Concrete is poured into the vertical round holes to form embedded columns, and concrete is poured into the positions, outside the sedimentation buffer areas, of the grooves to form embedded ring beams. After adobe wall body sedimentation is stable, the sedimentation buffer areas are filled with concrete, and the embedded ring beams and the embedded columns constitute ferroconcrete reinforcement grids in the adobe wall. The adobes play a role in reinforcing the whole adobe wall and remarkably enhancing seismic capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method and sun-dried mud brick of adobe wall of the highly seismic region that is applicable to provide fortification against earthquakes, belong to construction engineering technical field.
Background technology
Gather materials on the spot in sun-dried mud brick agriculture room, cheap, extensively uses in poor rural area, western China.Sun-dried mud brick agriculture room is also the important component part in traditional characteristics village, and for province with rich ethnic culture Yunnan, the traditional residence of its 26 Ge Shi resident race all more or less adopts the immature soil as constructional materials.From present circumstances, sun-dried mud brick agriculture room just day by day exits the stage that agriculture residence is built, and mainly contain following three reasons: first, traditional sun-dried mud brick agriculture room anti-seismic performance is not good, and in all previous earthquake, it is all the one of the main reasons causing casualties that adobe wall collapses; Secondly, the main body load-carrying members of traditional adobe house adopt wooden construction, and adobe wall mainly plays enclosure wall, and timber price is high, easy breaking out of fire, and peasant is difficult to bear; Again, limit by traditional immature soil building technology, traditional immature soil dwelling is windowed little, indoor dark, is difficult to meet the requirement that living quality is improved in rural area.So, be necessary the deficiency for traditional adobe wall technology, propose improvement opportunity, for the succession of adobe house and development provide technical support.
Domestic at present had some antidetonation strengthening measures for adobe wall agriculture room and structural system, comprises cast-in-situs gypsum adobe wall structure, clip with wooden board cored structure, timber frame-adobe wall structure etc.The more traditional adobe wall of shock resistance of these technology improves, but effectively can't solve the anti-seismic problem in sun-dried mud brick agriculture room, highly seismic region.Timber is easy to be mouldy rotten rotten, and gypsum not only limits by resource, and not water-fast.
For solving the problem, earth building blocks body of wall strengthened by " the earth building blocks body of wall that a kind of steel concrete is strengthened " (patent No.: CN201020189029.6) proposition reinforced concrete circle beam and column, it is characterized in that at the wall base with vertical, between horizontal earth building blocks body of wall, floor plates is with vertical, between horizontal earth building blocks body of wall, roof is with vertical, between horizontal earth building blocks body of wall, be respectively equipped with the reinforced concrete circle beam of horizontal positioned, vertical, horizontal earth building blocks wall connecting place is provided with reinforced concrete upright column, vertical, interval, horizontal earth building blocks wall connecting place arranges gauze wire cloth or reinforcing bar, in order to strengthen the connection between earth building blocks body of wall, avoid earth building blocks body of wall produces crack, improve overall performance and the supporting capacity of earth building blocks fissure of displacement masonry panel.The method exists following obviously not enough for solution sun-dried mud brick body of wall anti-seismic problem:
1, this technology earth building blocks used is that Machine hydraulic forms, and with masonry of cement mortar, masonry strength is high, small by creep after vertical uniform load q, is easy to keep overall stressed with reinforced concrete circle beam and reinforced concrete upright column.And traditional-handwork adobe masonry modulus of elasticity is only about C20 concrete 3%, and adopt masonry of cement mortar, masonry strength is low, comparatively large by creep after vertical uniform load q, is difficult to keep overall stressed with reinforced concrete circle beam and reinforced concrete upright column.
2, earth building blocks is that Machine hydraulic forms, and compactness is high, and water absorption rate is low, and after the concreting of reinforced concrete circle beam and reinforced concrete upright column, little moisture loss, maintenance effect is good.But sun-dried mud brick water absorption rate is high, on sun-dried mud brick body of wall, pouring reinforcement concrete collar tie beam and reinforced concrete upright column easily cause concrete dehydration too fast, affect concrete curing effect, and concrete strength cannot ensure.
3, this technology only arranges reinforced concrete upright column in longitudinal cross wall intersection, at floor absolute altitude, place arranges reinforced concrete circle beam, keep adobe wall globality without any stiffener in the whole standard width of a room in an old-style house of body of wall, during earthquake, easy full wafer body of wall collapses, and jeopardizes human life's property safety.
4, this technology reinforced concrete upright column and reinforced concrete circle beam need installation form concreting, construct comparatively loaded down with trivial details.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be adobe wall shock resistance weak, be easy to cave in, reinforced concrete structural column, collar tie beam are difficult to coordinate stressed with sun-dried mud brick body of wall, and sun-dried mud brick water suction some problems such as cause concrete curing bad, a kind of construction method of adobe wall of the highly seismic region that is applicable to provide fortification against earthquakes is provided, in order to solve adobe wall shock resistance weak, be easy to cave in, reinforced concrete structural column, collar tie beam are difficult to coordinate stressed with sun-dried mud brick body of wall, and sun-dried mud brick water suction some problems such as cause concrete curing bad.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: 1, a kind of construction method of antidetonation adobe wall:
Step 1: along adobe wall position of center line on reinforced concrete strip foundation, every the pre-buried pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper of 0.6 ~ 1.8m;
Step 2: prepare sun-dried mud brick, prepared sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard sun-dried mud brick, grooved sun-dried mud brick, circular hole sun-dried mud brick, short sun-dried mud brick, and described grooved sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard channel sun-dried mud brick, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick; Described circular hole sun-dried mud brick at least comprises middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick; Described short sun-dried mud brick at least comprises the short sun-dried mud brick of side band circular hole;
Step 3: full coat water proof and viscous power consumption layer on the curved surfaces of sun-dried mud brick, full coat water proof and viscous power consumption layer on the groove inner wall of grooved sun-dried mud brick;
Step 4: on reinforced concrete strip foundation, utilize the sun-dried mud brick of the other types except grooved sun-dried mud brick to equal the mode of building by the cement mortar fissure of displacement and construct adobe wall, in adobe wall, form some vertical circular holes, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;
Step 5: build within the scope of floor height during certain altitude at adobe wall, reinforced concrete strip foundation adopt grooved sun-dried mud brick build by laying bricks or stones side by side, centered by the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper pre-buried on reinforced concrete strip foundation, adobe wall is formed some vertical circular holes and elongated horizontal groove, and vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;
Step 6: build slow setting pea gravel concreten in the vertical circular hole of adobe wall, when retarded concrete end face absolute altitude in circular hole arrives grooved sun-dried mud brick bottom surface, stops building retarded concrete in vertical circular hole;
Step 7: plain steel-bar is processed into steel tie, bundle with two dark beam longitudinal reinforcements of level, put into the elongated horizontal groove on the adobe wall constructed by grooved sun-dried mud brick, level in groove dark beam longitudinal reinforcement holds to the greatest extent vertical circular hole place back bending at adobe wall, catches on adobe wall and holds to the greatest extent the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper in circular hole;
Step 8: build fast hardening concrete in the elongated horizontal groove on adobe wall, forms the dark collar tie beam of wall waist; When watering the dark collar tie beam fast hardening concrete of walling waist, the sleeper space in wall waist dark collar tie beam grooved sun-dried mud brick altitude range is half storey eminence adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, must not concreting in this space;
Step 9: when the dark collar tie beam concrete strength of wall waist reaches more than 50% of design strength, continue to build adobe wall by laying bricks or stones;
Step 10: the sun-dried mud brick fissure of displacement is flat to be built, and centered by the pre-buried indented bars of pre-buried vertical sleeper, by the combination of dissimilar sun-dried mud brick, form some vertical circular holes in adobe wall, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with pre-buried vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;
Step 11: when adobe wall is built to floor height, adopt grooved sun-dried mud brick to build by laying bricks or stones side by side, adobe wall is formed elongated horizontal groove, and this horizontal groove is for the formation of the dark collar tie beam of floor height, and in horizontal groove, reinforcing bar way is identical with the dark collar tie beam of wall waist;
Step 12: build slow setting knot concrete in the vertical hole of adobe wall, then build the concrete of the dark beam of floor height and floor; Sleeper space in the dark collar tie beam grooved sun-dried mud brick altitude range of wall top and the floor entity part within the scope of sleeper plane projection are floor height place adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, must not concreting in this space;
Step 13: after whole adobe wall body deformability is stable, with microdilatancy pea gravel concreten packed layer eminence adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, antidetonation adobe wall has been constructed.
Described water proof and viscous power consumption layer are mulseal, viscosity water-repellent paint.This water proof and viscous power consumption layer have triple role: one is protect the concrete curing water of dark beam and sleeper in adobe wall not siphoned away by sun-dried mud brick, guarantees concrete maintenance quality; Two is have viscous power consumption effect, and during earthquake, sun-dried mud brick surface produces the relative back and forth changing of the relative positions with dark beam and sleeper surface, and the viscous damping effect of water proof and viscous power consumption layer can consume seismic energy, improves adobe wall shock resistance further.Three is allow adobe wall distortion asynchronous with sleeper, has compatibility of deformation function.Adobe wall modulus of elasticity is only about C20 concrete 3%, and adopts masonry of cement mortar, and masonry strength is low, comparatively large by creep after vertical uniform load q, and difficult and steel concrete sleeper keeps overall stressed.Owing to there being water proof and the viscous layer that consumes energy to separate between steel concrete sleeper and adobe wall contact level, the deformation of creep of sun-dried mud brick body of wall is little by the constraint of steel concrete sleeper, reduces both sides and retrains the secondary stress produced, the globality of protection adobe wall.
Configuration reinforcement in vertical hole and horizontal groove in described adobe wall, concreting, form bidirectional crossed steel concrete sleeper and the dark beam of steel concrete, sleeper and dark beam form the two-way strengthening grid of stealthy steel concrete in adobe wall.Improve adobe wall globality, while raising shock resistance, avoid adobe wall bulk slump when earthquake, cause human life's property loss.And steel concrete sleeper and the dark beam of steel concrete are built without template, save timber, easy construction.
Retrain by steel concrete sleeper for alleviating the deformation of creep of sun-dried mud brick body of wall, further minimizing both sides retrained strong produced secondary stress, at described steel concrete sleeper and steel concrete dark collar tie beam intersection, sedimentation cushion space is set, when building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, not concreting in cushion space, ensure, building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall free settling on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, after the free settling of sun-dried mud brick body of wall is basicly stable, then to build slow cohesion concrete.Delaying sleeper concrete set time, creating conditions for building the further sedimentation of sun-dried mud brick body of wall be buffered on space by laying bricks or stones, ensure that the compacting of adobe wall building mortar layer is full.
Described level dark beam longitudinal reinforcement holds to the greatest extent vertical circular hole place back bending at adobe wall, directly catches on adobe wall and holds to the greatest extent the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper in circular hole.This measure object improves the anti-unstability ability of adobe wall end sleeper, strengthens the constraint to sun-dried mud brick body of wall, improves adobe wall shock resistance further.
When adobe wall is built to floor height, adopt in-situ reinforced concrete slab, improve adobe wall cooperative bearing further.
Described sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard sun-dried mud brick, grooved sun-dried mud brick, circular hole sun-dried mud brick, short sun-dried mud brick; Described standard sun-dried mud brick is cuboid; Described short sun-dried mud brick is the half of standard sun-dried mud brick.
Described grooved sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard channel sun-dried mud brick, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick; Described standard channel sun-dried mud brick for have groove on standard sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick is that the geometric center place in standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove has the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick is that standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove side or symmetrical both sides have the semicircle orifice run through.
Described circular hole sun-dried mud brick at least comprises middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick is have at standard sun-dried mud brick geometric center place the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick is have in the both sides of standard sun-dried mud brick side or symmetry the semicircle orifice run through.
Described short sun-dried mud brick at least comprises the short sun-dried mud brick of side band circular hole; The short sun-dried mud brick of described side band circular hole is for divide equally vertical or horizontal for middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick.
The width of described grooved sun-dried mud brick groove is greater than diameter circular hole sun-dried mud brick running through circular hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1), formed in sun-dried mud brick body of wall the length of side be less than 1.8 meters close to square steel concrete strengthening grid.The pseudo-static experimental of three full size adobe walls has been carried out to this technology in earthquake resistant engineering research center, Yunnan Province, and structural test result shows, by the sun-dried mud brick body of wall of this method construction, more existing technology improves adobe wall ductility more than 3 times, and vertical bearing capacity improves more than 2 times.Adobe wall sheet is up to the standard after ultimate bearing capacity, still can bear the vertical service load of more than 4 times and not overall collapse." (township) village, town building aseismicity tecnical regulations " JGJ 161-2008 is that China is specially for the industry standard of country building antidetonation, in the sector standard, tradition two floor adobe house only allow to use at 6 degree and the non-district that provides fortification against earthquakes, and 7 degree, the 8 degree districts that provide fortification against earthquakes are prohibited.After adopting this technology, two layers of adobe house meet 8 degree of requirementss for fortification against earthquake, and one deck adobe house meets 9 degree of requirementss for fortification against earthquake, has greatly expanded the scope of application of adobe house.
2), formed in sun-dried mud brick body of wall the length of side be less than 1.8 meters close to square steel concrete strengthening grid, during Earthquake occurrence control, adobe wall crack extension does not cross over steel concrete strengthening grid.Structural test result shows: when adobe wall reaches capacity supporting capacity, do not produce the full-length cracks extending to full wafer body of wall, and body of wall keeps complete, comes off without bulk sun-dried mud brick.Avoiding problems personnel's property loss that earthquake causes adobe wall to collapse causing.
3), the way of the constructional column of original technology and collar tie beam centralized configuration is changed into be distributed.Original technology every layer adobe wall arranges the reinforced concrete circle beam in one wide 240 ~ 360mm in cross section, cross section high 120 ~ 240 at floor height place, the dark collar tie beam of the wide 80 ~ 140mm in cross section, the high 60 ~ 80mm in cross section together with this technology every layer of adobe wall certain altitude within the scope of floor height is arranged with floor height place, 1/2 of the former technology of the reinforcement of concrete quantity not sufficient, amount of reinforcement reduces 20%.Original technology only arranges reinforced concrete structural column (sectional dimension 240mmx240mm) in longitudinal cross wall intersection, and Configuration column spacing is large, this technology sleeper diameter 80 ~ 140mm, and spacing is less than 1.8m, and the more former technology of concrete amount maintains an equal level, and amount of reinforcement reduces 30%.This technology, under the prerequisite reducing steel concrete consumption, improves adobe wall shock resistance.
4), form the dark collar tie beam of steel concrete, the horizontal groove of sleeper and vertical circular hole in this technology adobe wall and build by laying bricks or stones by dissimilar sun-dried mud brick combination and form, without the need to other formwork during concreting, easy construction economy.
5), this technology adobe wall steel concrete sleeper, the dark beam of steel concrete and sun-dried mud brick contact surface all brushing mulseal as waterproofing course.This waterproofing course prevents dehydration in concrete curing process except having and affects except the function of intensity, also there is two other function: one is the effect of viscous power consumption layer, under seismic loading, when there is the relative changing of the relative positions with sun-dried mud brick in the dark beam of steel concrete sleeper, steel concrete, mulseal has viscous power consumption effect, favourable configurations antidetonation; Two is have compatibility of deformation function.The deformation of creep of sun-dried mud brick body of wall is greater than the steel concrete sleeper in sun-dried mud brick body of wall; separate owing to there being mulseal between steel concrete sleeper and adobe wall contact level; the deformation of creep of sun-dried mud brick body of wall is little by the constraint of steel concrete sleeper; reduce both sides and retrained the secondary stress produced, the globality of protection adobe wall.
6) retraining by steel concrete sleeper for alleviating the deformation of creep of sun-dried mud brick body of wall, reducing both sides further and retraining strong produced secondary stress, sedimentation cushion space is set at steel concrete sleeper and steel concrete dark collar tie beam intersection.When building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, not concreting in cushion space, ensure building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall free settling on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, after band free settling is basicly stable, build slow cohesion concrete again, delay sleeper concrete set time, for the further sedimentation of sun-dried mud brick body of wall of building by laying bricks or stones on cushion space creates conditions, ensure that adobe wall mortar joint is closely knit full.
7) this technology adobe wall wall thickness is only 3/5ths of traditional adobe wall thickness, few by soil amount, energy-conservationly saves land.
8) adobe wall that this technology is built can adopt in-situ reinforced concrete slab, and compared with traditional adobe house, durability and fire-resistance capacity significantly improve, and without timber, conserve forests.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is standard adobe construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is middle its central band circular hole adobe construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is side band semicircle orifice adobe construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is standard channel adobe construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is middle its central band circle hole groove type adobe construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is side band semicircle orifice grooved adobe construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the short adobe construction schematic diagram of side band circular hole of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that adobe wall of the present invention builds schematic diagram by laying bricks or stones;
Fig. 9 is dark collar tie beam arrangement of reinforcement schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 10 is adobe wall vertical section of the present invention schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is adobe wall schematic cross section of the present invention;
Figure 12 is adobe wall load-displacement wall skeleton curve map of the present invention;
Figure 13 is adobe wall load-displacement body of wall hysteresis loop figure of the present invention.
In figure: 1-reinforced concrete strip foundation, 2-standard sun-dried mud brick, its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick in 3-, 4-side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick, 5-standard channel sun-dried mud brick, its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick in 6-, 7-side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick, the short sun-dried mud brick of 8-side band circular hole, 9-water proof and viscous power consumption layer, 10-sedimentation cushion space, 11-ordinary concrete, 12-slow setting knot concrete, the pre-buried indented bars of the vertical sleeper of 13-, the dark beam longitudinal reinforcement of 14-level, 15-steel tie, 16-reinforced concrete floor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: according to the adobe wall layout of architectural design, first to construct the reinforced concrete strip foundation 1 of adobe wall, on reinforced concrete strip foundation 1 on adobe wall position of center line, every the pre-buried indented bars 13 of vertical sleeper of the pre-buried diameter 12 ~ 16mm of 0.6 ~ 1.8m.According in Fig. 1-7, prepare the standard sun-dried mud brick 2 of varying number, middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick 3, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick 4, standard channel sun-dried mud brick 5, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick 6, side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick 7, the short sun-dried mud brick 8 of side band circular hole.On the curved surfaces of middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick 3, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick 4, the short sun-dried mud brick 8 of side band circular hole, brushing mulseal 9 is as water proof and viscous power consumption layer, and on the groove inner wall of standard channel sun-dried mud brick 5, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick 6, side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick 7, full coat mulseal 9 is as water proof and viscous power consumption layer.
In fig. 8, these sun-dried mud bricks are built with the mortar fissure of displacement is flat on reinforced concrete strip foundation 1, centered by the pre-buried indented bars 13 of vertical sleeper, by the combination of sun-dried mud brick standard sun-dried mud brick 2, middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick 3, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick 4, the short sun-dried mud brick 8 of side band circular hole, in adobe wall, form the vertical circular hole of some diameter 80 ~ 140mm, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars 13 spacing.Build within the scope of floor height during certain altitude at adobe wall, adopt standard channel sun-dried mud brick 5, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick 6, side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick 7, the short sun-dried mud brick 8 of side band circular hole to build by laying bricks or stones side by side, adobe wall is formed elongated horizontal groove.Elongated horizontal groove width 80 ~ 140mm, the degree of depth 60 ~ 80mm.In the vertical circular hole of adobe wall, build ordinary concrete 11, form the concrete sleeper of the pre-buried indented bars 13 of vertical sleeper.When ordinary concrete in circular hole 11 end face absolute altitude arrives grooved sun-dried mud brick standard channel sun-dried mud brick 5, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick 6, side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick 7 bottom surface, stop building ordinary concrete in vertical circular hole.
In fig .9, steel tie 15 is processed into the plain steel-bar that diameter is 6mm, bundle with the dark beam longitudinal reinforcement 14 of the level of two diameter 10 ~ 14mm, put into the elongated horizontal groove on adobe wall, level in groove dark beam longitudinal reinforcement 14 holds to the greatest extent vertical circular hole place back bending at adobe wall, catches on adobe wall and holds to the greatest extent the pre-buried indented bars 13 of the vertical sleeper in circular hole.
In Fig. 10, in the elongated horizontal groove on adobe wall, build ordinary concrete 11, form the dark collar tie beam of wall waist.When watering walling waist dark collar tie beam pea gravel concreten 11, must not build ordinary concrete 11 in the vertical circular hole of adobe wall in its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick 6 or side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick 7 altitude range in wall waist dark collar tie beam place, this scope is the sedimentation cushion space 10 of the following sun-dried mud brick body of wall of the dark collar tie beam of wall waist.When wall waist dark collar tie beam ordinary concrete 11 intensity reaches more than 50% of design strength, continue to build adobe wall by laying bricks or stones.The sun-dried mud brick fissure of displacement is flat to be built, centered by the pre-buried indented bars 13 of vertical sleeper, by the combination of sun-dried mud brick sun-dried mud brick standard sun-dried mud brick 2, middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick 3, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick 4, the short sun-dried mud brick 8 of side band circular hole, in adobe wall, form the vertical circular hole of some diameter 80 ~ 140mm, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars 13 spacing.When adobe wall is built to floor height, sun-dried mud brick standard channel sun-dried mud brick 5, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick 6, side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick 7, the short sun-dried mud brick 8 of side band circular hole is adopted to build by laying bricks or stones side by side, adobe wall is formed elongated horizontal groove, and this horizontal groove is for the formation of the dark collar tie beam of floor height.In horizontal groove, reinforcing bar way is identical with the dark collar tie beam of wall waist.In the vertical hole of adobe wall, build slow setting knot concrete 12, when slow setting knot concrete 12 end face absolute altitude arrives the grooved sun-dried mud brick bottom surface absolute altitude forming the dark collar tie beam of floor height, stop concreting.When building floor height dark collar tie beam concrete 11, must not concreting in vertical circular hole in adobe wall in the dark collar tie beam place of floor height in its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick 6 or side band semicircle orifice grooved sun-dried mud brick 7 altitude range, this scope is the sedimentation cushion space 10 of the following sun-dried mud brick body of wall of the dark collar tie beam of floor height.After whole adobe wall body deformability is stable, fill the sedimentation cushion space 10 of the following sun-dried mud brick body of wall of the dark collar tie beam of floor height with concrete 11.
In fig. 11, pouring reinforcement concrete floor 16 on the end face of the dark collar tie beam of floor height, antidetonation adobe wall has been constructed.
Figure 12 is the load-displacement skeleton curve of antidetonation adobe wall result of the test, occurs horizontal fracture when body of wall displacement is 7.88mm, corresponding horizontal loading 77.6kN.Along with displacement increases, wall body slit constantly occurs and develops, and when being loaded on 15.9mm, it is 144.1kN that horizontal loading reaches maximum value, continues to load, when being moved to 22.3mm, and wall damage.
Figure 13 is the hysteresis loop of antidetonation adobe wall result of the test, hysteresis loop surround the plastic deformation ability that area represents the accumulation of test specimen in loading procedure.As can be seen from hysteresis loop figure, along with the increase loading amplitude, hysteretic loop turgor has the trend increased gradually, shows that the plastic deformation ability that test specimen is accumulated increases gradually, and also namely energy dissipation capacity constantly increases.
3 test body of wall from be loaded into destruction, all experienced by elasticity, elastoplasticity and destroy three stages.Body of wall shear test data are in table 1
Table 1 test result
Because test employing two layers of adobe house are reference, when the horizontal earthquake shear (effect) under sun-dried mud brick body of wall geological process calculates, also adopt this condition.Bottom wall bears horizontal shear under 7 degree of basic intensity geological processes to draw test adobe wall (long 3000mm, high 2400mm) by theory calculate: it is 79.19kN that the test wall calculated by front vertical wall bears horizontal earthquake action; Bearing horizontal earthquake action by the test wall of interior horizontal reckoning is 47.34kN.Under 8 degree of basic intensity geological processes, bottom wall bears horizontal shear: it is 154.92kN that the test wall calculated by front vertical wall bears horizontal earthquake action; Bearing horizontal earthquake action by the test wall of interior horizontal reckoning is 92.61kN.Compare as table 2, table 3 with result of the test.
Under table 27 degree of conditions of providing fortification against earthquakes, the ratio of maximum load capacity and effect
Under table 38 degree of conditions of providing fortification against earthquakes, the ratio of maximum load capacity and effect
As can be seen from Table 2, novel earthquake-proof adobe wall meets 7 degree of requirementss for fortification against earthquake, and shearing resistance has enough safety stocks; From test, after adobe wall reaches ultimate shear-carrying capacity, apply use the vertical load of gravity 4 times and overall conquassation does not occur; Therefore, under seismic Resistance Concept Design of Buildings principle instructs, novel earthquake-proof adobe wall can be used for providing fortification against earthquakes the construction of 7 degree of district two floor adobe houses.
From table 3, novel earthquake-proof adobe wall is close to 8 degree of shear-carrying capacity requirements of providing fortification against earthquakes.After improving structure further, two layers of adobe wall building can meet 8 degree of fortification intensity requirements.One deck adobe wall building can meet 9 degree of fortification intensity requirements.
Described sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard sun-dried mud brick, grooved sun-dried mud brick, circular hole sun-dried mud brick, short sun-dried mud brick; Described standard sun-dried mud brick is cuboid; Described short sun-dried mud brick is the half of standard sun-dried mud brick.
Described grooved sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard channel sun-dried mud brick, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick; Described standard channel sun-dried mud brick for have groove on standard sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick is that the geometric center place in standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove has the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick is that standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove one or both sides have the semicircle orifice run through.
Described circular hole sun-dried mud brick at least comprises middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick is have at standard sun-dried mud brick geometric center place the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick is have in the both sides of standard sun-dried mud brick side or symmetry the semicircle orifice run through.
Described short sun-dried mud brick at least comprises the short sun-dried mud brick of side band circular hole; The short sun-dried mud brick of described side band circular hole is for divide equally vertical or horizontal for middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick.
The width of described grooved sun-dried mud brick groove is greater than diameter circular hole sun-dried mud brick running through circular hole.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (11)
1. be applicable to provide fortification against earthquakes the construction method of adobe wall of highly seismic region and a sun-dried mud brick, it is characterized in that:
Step 1: along adobe wall position of center line on reinforced concrete strip foundation, every the pre-buried pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper of 0.6 ~ 1.8m;
Step 2: prepare sun-dried mud brick, prepared sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard sun-dried mud brick, grooved sun-dried mud brick, circular hole sun-dried mud brick, short sun-dried mud brick, and described grooved sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard channel sun-dried mud brick, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick; Described circular hole sun-dried mud brick at least comprises middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick; Described short sun-dried mud brick at least comprises the short sun-dried mud brick of side band circular hole;
Step 3: full coat water proof and viscous power consumption layer material on the curved surfaces of sun-dried mud brick, full coat water proof and viscous power consumption layer material on the groove inner wall of grooved sun-dried mud brick;
Step 4: on reinforced concrete strip foundation, utilize the sun-dried mud brick of the other types except grooved sun-dried mud brick to equal the mode of building by the cement mortar fissure of displacement and construct adobe wall, in adobe wall, form some vertical circular holes, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;
Step 5: adobe wall build to certain altitude within the scope of floor height constantly, reinforced concrete strip foundation adopt grooved sun-dried mud brick build by laying bricks or stones side by side, centered by the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper pre-buried on reinforced concrete strip foundation, adobe wall is formed some vertical circular holes and elongated horizontal groove, and vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;
Step 6: build slow setting pea gravel concreten in the vertical circular hole of adobe wall, when retarded concrete end face absolute altitude in circular hole arrives grooved sun-dried mud brick bottom surface, stops building retarded concrete in vertical circular hole;
Step 7: plain steel-bar is processed into steel tie, bundle with two dark beam longitudinal reinforcements of level, put into the elongated horizontal groove on the adobe wall constructed by grooved sun-dried mud brick, level in groove dark beam longitudinal reinforcement holds to the greatest extent vertical circular hole place back bending at adobe wall, catches on adobe wall and holds to the greatest extent the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper in circular hole;
Step 8: build fast hardening concrete in the elongated horizontal groove on adobe wall, forms the dark collar tie beam of wall waist; When watering the dark collar tie beam fast hardening concrete of walling waist, the sleeper space in wall waist dark collar tie beam grooved sun-dried mud brick altitude range is half storey eminence adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, must not concreting in this space;
Step 9: when the dark collar tie beam concrete strength of wall waist reaches more than 50% of design strength, continue to build adobe wall by laying bricks or stones;
Step 10: the sun-dried mud brick fissure of displacement is flat to be built, and centered by the pre-buried indented bars of pre-buried vertical sleeper, by the combination of dissimilar sun-dried mud brick, form some vertical circular holes in adobe wall, vertical circular hole spacing is identical with vertical sleeper pre-buried indented bars spacing;
Step 11: when adobe wall is built to floor height, adopt grooved sun-dried mud brick to build by laying bricks or stones side by side, adobe wall is formed elongated horizontal groove, and this horizontal groove is for the formation of the dark collar tie beam of floor height, and in horizontal groove, reinforcing bar way is identical with the dark collar tie beam of wall waist;
Step 12: build slow setting knot concrete in the vertical hole of adobe wall, then build the concrete of the dark beam of floor height and floor; Sleeper space in the dark collar tie beam grooved sun-dried mud brick altitude range of wall top and the floor entity part within the scope of sleeper plane projection are floor height place adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, must not concreting in this space;
Step 13: after whole adobe wall body deformability is stable, with microdilatancy pea gravel concreten packed layer eminence adobe wall sedimentation cushion space, antidetonation adobe wall has been constructed.
2. the construction method of antidetonation adobe wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water proof and viscous power consumption layer are mulseal, viscosity water-repellent paint.
3. the construction method of antidetonation adobe wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: configuration reinforcement in vertical hole and horizontal groove in described adobe wall, concreting, form bidirectional crossed steel concrete sleeper and the dark beam of steel concrete, sleeper and dark beam form the two-way strengthening grid of stealthy steel concrete in adobe wall.
4. the construction method of antidetonation adobe wall according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: at described steel concrete sleeper and steel concrete dark collar tie beam intersection, sedimentation cushion space is set, when building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, not concreting in cushion space, ensure building the sun-dried mud brick body of wall free settling on cushion space by laying bricks or stones, after the free settling of sun-dried mud brick body of wall is basicly stable, then build slow cohesion concrete.
5. the construction method of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 1, is characterized in that: described level dark beam longitudinal reinforcement holds to the greatest extent vertical circular hole place back bending at adobe wall, directly catches on adobe wall and holds to the greatest extent the pre-buried indented bars of vertical sleeper in circular hole.
6. the construction method of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 1, is characterized in that being: when adobe wall is built to floor height, adopt in-situ reinforced concrete slab, improve adobe wall cooperative bearing further.
7. for a sun-dried mud brick for the antidetonation adobe wall described in the power of constructing 1, it is characterized in that: described sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard sun-dried mud brick, grooved sun-dried mud brick, circular hole sun-dried mud brick, short sun-dried mud brick; Described standard sun-dried mud brick is cuboid; Described short sun-dried mud brick is the half of standard sun-dried mud brick.
8. the sun-dried mud brick of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: described grooved sun-dried mud brick at least comprises standard channel sun-dried mud brick, middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick; Described standard channel sun-dried mud brick for have groove on standard sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circle hole groove type sun-dried mud brick is that the geometric center place in standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove has the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle grooved sun-dried mud brick is that the both sides of standard channel sun-dried mud brick groove side or symmetry have the semicircle orifice run through.
9. the sun-dried mud brick of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: described circular hole sun-dried mud brick at least comprises middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick, side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick; Described middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick is have at standard sun-dried mud brick geometric center place the circular hole run through; Described side band semicircle orifice sun-dried mud brick is have in the both sides of standard sun-dried mud brick side or symmetry the semicircle orifice run through.
10. the sun-dried mud brick of the antidetonation adobe wall according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: described short sun-dried mud brick at least comprises the short sun-dried mud brick of side band circular hole; The short sun-dried mud brick of described side band circular hole is for divide equally vertical or horizontal for middle its central band circular hole sun-dried mud brick.
The sun-dried mud brick of 11. antidetonation adobe walls according to claims 7, is characterized in that being: the width of described grooved sun-dried mud brick groove is greater than diameter circular hole sun-dried mud brick running through circular hole.
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