CN201224941Y - Environment protection type structure thermal insulation concrete building block, masonry and anti-vibration residential building - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an environment-friendly structural heat-preservation concrete block, a composite masonry and an anti-seismic and energy-saving low-rise residence built with the block. In the environmental-friendly structural thermal insulation concrete block of the present utility model, the block body is roughly in the shape of a cuboid, and the block has a plurality of vertical through holes arranged side by side along the length direction, and the number of the through holes is 2, and the through holes are equally spaced and symmetrical Distribution; the blocks are made of clay brick recycled aggregate. Utilizing the block described in the utility model to build a house has simple and convenient construction, fast construction speed and low cost, and meanwhile, the seismic performance of the manufactured house is greatly improved, the thermal insulation performance is superior, and the recycling of resources is realized.

Description

Environment-friendly structural insulation concrete block, masonry and earthquake-resistant housing

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of residential buildings, in particular to an environment-friendly structural heat-preservation concrete block, a composite masonry and an anti-seismic and energy-saving low-rise residence built with the block.

Background technique

The comprehensive utilization of resources and the development of green building materials and green buildings are major issues in my country's construction and building materials industry, which involve the sustainable development of my country's construction industry, environmental protection and the safety of people's lives and property. The construction of low-rise residential buildings in rural areas and small towns accounts for 50% of the total residential construction in my country. Therefore, the development of green building materials and green buildings in rural areas and small towns is of great strategic significance in the process of developing circular economy in my country.

For a long time, the residential construction in rural areas and small towns in my country has a low level of industrialization, poor thermal insulation performance of houses, serious land waste for clay brick production, and poor earthquake resistance of brick-concrete structures. At present, my country urgently needs to carry out the recycling of brick-concrete structure construction waste resources in rural areas and small towns and the construction of durable houses.

In the past, the rural areas and small towns in our country were dominated by brick-concrete structures. Over the past 50 years, my country has produced at least 20 billion cubic clay bricks. According to preliminary estimates, hundreds of millions of tons of brick-concrete construction waste will be generated every year in the next 20 years. A large amount of civil construction waste is piled up arbitrarily, which not only occupies land, but also pollutes the environment. Finding a technical path for sustainable utilization of resources and meeting the requirements of low-rise housing in small towns is one of the major issues in the construction of new rural areas in our country.

At present, the level of resource utilization of construction waste in my country is still relatively low, and the utilization value of clay brick recycled aggregate has not been fully understood. The existing urban construction waste resource chemical plants all produce mixed construction waste bricks and construction waste blocks, which fail to give full play to the material properties of clay brick recycled aggregates.

Utility model content

The primary purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the existing construction waste utilization technology, thereby providing an environment-friendly structural heat-preservation concrete block.

The second purpose of the utility model is an environment-friendly structural thermal insulation concrete composite masonry.

The third object of the present utility model is an earthquake-resistant house.

In the environmental-friendly structural heat-preservation concrete block of the present utility model, the block body is roughly in the shape of a cuboid, and the block has a plurality of vertical through holes arranged side by side along the length direction, and the number of the through holes is 2, and the through holes are equally spaced and symmetrical Distribution; the blocks are made of clay brick recycled aggregate.

According to the utility model, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole is rectangle, square or circle.

According to the utility model, the block length×width×height is 500-1000mm×200-240mm×400-900mm, the cross-sectional size of the through hole is 200-450mm×140-180mm; or the block length×width× The height is 390mm×190mm×190mm, and the cross-sectional size of the through hole is 130mm×150mm.

The utility model's environment-friendly structural heat-preservation concrete composite masonry is formed by laying blocks with staggered joints, and steel bars are inserted in the through holes formed by aligning the blocks, and core column lightweight aggregate concrete is poured.

The earthquake-resistant house of the utility model includes a wall and a floor. The wall includes a reinforced concrete ring beam. The ring beam is provided with a steel bar head. The upper part of the ring beam is made of the blocks with staggered seams , the through holes of the blocks are aligned up and down to form through holes, steel bars are inserted in the through holes and core column lightweight aggregate concrete is poured, so that they are connected with the blocks to form a wall; the floor is reinforced Cast-in-place concrete floors behind mesh.

According to the earthquake-resistant house of the utility model, horizontal lap ribs are arranged every several blocks.

According to the earthquake-resistant house of the present utility model, the outer wall of the wall body is painted with cement mortar, and the inner wall is painted with thermal insulation mortar.

The earthquake-resistant house of the utility model is single-layer or multi-layer.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1. Easy construction

The through hole of the block is the mould. It is simple and convenient to pour reinforced concrete into the through hole of the block. There is no trouble of supporting the mold in the wall construction, and there is no technical problem such as formwork fixing that affects the size error of the building. As long as the block wall is built accurately, This ensures that the dimensions of the walls are accurate.

2. Adapt to the level of construction productivity in small towns

It is the general trend of my country's wall material reform to restrict the production of clay bricks in an all-round way. The development direction of my country's new wall materials is that cities mainly develop building panels, and rural areas mainly develop concrete blocks. The block building is still a block structure, which conforms to the construction habits of the masonry method in rural areas and small towns. The masonry technology is similar to the clay brick construction, which is easy to master. The construction does not require large machinery. Requirements for the development of non-clay and non-sintered direction.

3. Fast construction

Since the reinforced concrete is poured with the block hollow structure, the man-hour consumption of support formwork is reduced, so the construction speed is greatly improved. Preliminary calculations show that with this process, 100 square meters per two-story house can be built in 5 working days. Due to the need for cross-construction, 10 workers can build 6 houses in a month.

4. Cheap cost

Wall engineering is the main content of construction engineering. Due to the full use of the hollow feature of the block, the "wall" of the hollow block is an environmentally friendly structural heat-insulating lightweight aggregate concrete pouring formwork, which not only saves a lot of formwork, but also makes the connection between the core column lightweight aggregate concrete and the block a complete process. Integrated, so that the residential wall structure not only meets the seismic performance requirements, but also cheap.

5. The anti-seismic performance has been greatly improved

The wall is a supporting structure, and the four sides of the wall are longitudinally equipped with reinforced core columns of lightweight aggregate concrete, and form a whole with the lower ring beam and the upper reinforced concrete floor, which improves the integrity of the building and greatly improves the wall's lateral swinging, forward and backward swing resistance Performance, so as to improve the seismic performance of the building, so that the building "is not damaged by small earthquakes, repairable by moderate earthquakes, and not collapsed by major earthquakes".

6. Excellent thermal insulation performance

Clay brick recycled aggregate concrete belongs to the category of structural thermal insulation lightweight aggregate concrete. The wall uses thermal insulation lightweight aggregate concrete to improve the self-insulation performance of the wall, which is the development direction of energy-saving buildings in my country. The utility model adopts lightweight aggregate concrete blocks and core column lightweight aggregate concrete, so that the entire wall structure meets the requirements of my country's structural heat preservation lightweight aggregate concrete, fully exerts the material properties of clay brick recycled lightweight aggregate concrete, and improves the wall structure. The self-insulation performance of the body can achieve the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the building.

7. Realize the recycling of rural residential construction waste resources

Over the past 50 years, my country has produced at least 20 billion cubic clay bricks. In the next 20 years, most of the brick-concrete structures built in the past will become construction waste. Lightweight wall materials and lightweight concrete are one of the development directions of new building materials in my country. At present, China's building materials market needs a large amount of light aggregates below 1200 (kg/m ³ ) on the one hand, and on the other hand, the development of clay ceramsite is limited due to problems such as firing and soil consumption (clay ceramsite and clay bricks in some areas production has been banned). Therefore, the development of clay brick recycled aggregate and its application technology not only alleviates the shortage of lightweight aggregate in my country, but also realizes the recycling of resources.

8. Find a way out for the development of rural ecological houses

In order to achieve intensive land management and accelerate the urbanization and modernization of the rural population, my country will implement the large village system, and a new round of new rural construction will be launched in an all-round way. The original scattered houses that do not meet the planning requirements will be demolished. In particular, "urban villages" in developed areas and small villages scattered around the outskirts of cities will all be planned and rebuilt in a unified manner. Subsequently, a large amount of residential construction waste will be produced. A large amount of civil construction waste is piled up arbitrarily, which not only occupies land, but also pollutes the environment. Finding a technical path for sustainable utilization of resources and meeting the requirements of modern architecture is one of the major issues in my country's new rural construction.

With the development of the times and the basic completion of the modernization of urban housing in our country, the modernization, energy saving, ecologicalization, environmental protection, and earthquake resistance of rural housing in our country will be put on the important agenda by our government. The anti-seismic and energy-saving low-rise residential buildings with environmentally friendly structural thermal insulation concrete blocks not only conform to the reform direction of rural wall materials, but also conform to the level of rural productivity, and the performance of residential buildings has been greatly improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an environment-friendly structural thermal insulation concrete block of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an earthquake-resistant residential building of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is further described. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to illustrate the utility model but not to limit the scope of the utility model.

The hollow block and core column lightweight aggregate concrete used in the utility model are produced by the SHEF-KC recycled concrete block (brick, block) production line of Shanghai Debin Machinery Technology Co., Ltd.

The practical environment-friendly lightweight aggregate in the utility model is prepared according to the method disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 200710172793.5.

As shown in Figure 1, in the hollow block of the present invention, the block 2 is provided with two through holes 7 with a rectangular cross-section, and the through holes are symmetrically distributed at equal intervals; the length × width × height of the block is 500-1000mm ×200-240mm×400-900mm, the cross-sectional size of the through hole is 200-450mm×140-180mm; or the length×width×height is 390mm×190mm×190mm, and the cross-sectional size of the through hole is 130mm×150mm.

Specifically, the formula (mass ratio) of environmentally friendly lightweight aggregate concrete hollow blocks: cement 20-30%, 0-3mm clay brick recycled fine aggregate 40-50%, 3mm<particle size≤11mm clay brick recycled coarse aggregate 20-30%.

Core column lightweight aggregate concrete formula: cement 20-30%, 0-3mm clay brick recycled fine aggregate 40-50%, 3mm<particle size≤11mm clay brick recycled coarse aggregate 20-30%, water reducer 1- 2%.

More specifically, the production process of hollow blocks: metering and batching by electronic batching station - mixing evenly - forming by block forming machine - heating and curing in solar curing room or natural curing.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the size of the block can be adjusted as required, and the through hole can also be made into other shapes, such as a square or circular cross section, and its size can also be adjusted as required. It is obvious.

A kind of anti-seismic house can be built by utilizing the block of the utility model, and the anti-seismic house includes a wall 10 and a floor 5, and the wall 10 includes a reinforced concrete ring beam 1 poured on the foundation, and on the ring beam 1 A steel bar head 6 is provided, and the blocks 2 on the upper part of the ring beam 1 are built with staggered joints, and the through holes 7 of the blocks 2 are aligned up and down to form a through hole, and a steel bar is inserted in the through hole 7 and the core column is light Aggregate concrete 4 is connected with blocks 2 to form a body of wall 10; horizontal lap ribs 3 are arranged every certain number of blocks; the outer wall of the wall 10 is painted with cement mortar, and the inner wall Painted with thermal insulation mortar; the floor 5 of the house is a cast-in-place concrete floor after being tied with a steel mesh.

In order to further improve the overall strength and anti-seismic performance of the house, the four-corner L-shaped joint core columns of the blocks of the residential walls and the T-shaped and cross-shaped joint core columns of the residential blocks are configured with increased reinforcement and poured with high-strength fine stone concrete, and increased Reinforced concrete belt, reinforced concrete ring beam, etc.

Concrete steps when using the blocks of the present utility model to build an earthquake-resistant house are as follows:

A. Pouring reinforced concrete ring beam: cast ordinary reinforced concrete ring beam 1 on the brick (or stone, concrete) foundation, and arrange steel bar head 6 according to the corresponding position of the through hole 7 in the block 2 on the ring beam 1, as the core Column lightweight aggregate concrete with 4 lap bars.

B. Masonry environment-friendly lightweight aggregate concrete hollow blocks: According to the design requirements, the blocks 2 are built in sequence, and the upper and lower blocks are staggered to ensure that the upper and lower through holes 7 are aligned to form through holes. Every 5 skins Blocks 2 are provided with horizontal lap ribs 3 (those skilled in the art can adjust the number of skins of blocks 2 between two layers of lap ribs according to different needs).

C. Pouring core column lightweight aggregate concrete: Insert two 8mm steel bars in the through hole 7 through the upper and lower sides of the block 2 according to the floor height that has been laid, and place the steel bar in the middle of the through hole 7. Then pour the core column lightweight aggregate concrete 4 to connect it with the block 2 to form a composite masonry. The upper steel bars of the poured core column lightweight aggregate concrete 4 need to come out in order to connect with the cast-in-situ floor reinforced concrete.

D. Pouring ordinary reinforced concrete floor: according to the design requirements, configure the steel bar, tie the steel bar and connect it with the steel bar head of the core column of the block, and then pour the concrete so that the reinforced concrete on the floor 5 is connected with the light aggregate concrete of the core column (improve Housing integrity and seismic performance). The reinforced concrete of the poured floor 5 will have the steel bar 6 protruding so as to be connected with the upper core column lightweight aggregate concrete.

E. Multi-storey construction: The construction method of two-story buildings is the same as that of one-story buildings, and so on, to build two-story or more than two-story houses.

F. Wall plastering: external wall plastering with 2cm thick waterproof cement mortar (twice, 1cm each time) to improve the waterproof and impermeable performance of the external wall and further improve the integrity of the wall; internal wall plastering 3cm thermal insulation mortar (two times) times, each time 1.5cm), in order to further improve the thermal insulation performance of structural heat-insulating lightweight aggregate concrete blocks, and reduce building energy consumption.

Utilizing the block described in the utility model to build a house has simple and convenient construction, fast construction speed and low cost, and meanwhile the earthquake resistance performance of the manufactured house is greatly improved, the thermal insulation performance is superior, and the recycling utilization of resources is realized.

Claims (9)

1. An environment-friendly structural thermal insulation concrete block, the block body is roughly in the shape of a cuboid, characterized in that the block has multiple vertical through holes arranged side by side along the length direction, the number of the through holes is 2, and the through holes The holes are equally spaced and symmetrically distributed; the blocks are made of clay brick recycled aggregate. 2. The block according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the through hole is rectangular, square or circular. 3. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that, the length × width × height of the block is 500-1000 mm × 200-240 mm × 400-900 mm, and the cross-sectional size of the through hole is 200-450 mm × 140 mm —180mm. 4. The block according to claim 1, wherein the length, width, and height of the block are 390 mm x 190 mm x 190 mm, and the cross-sectional size of the through hole is 130 mm x 150 mm. 5. An environment-friendly thermal insulation concrete composite masonry, characterized in that the masonry is made of the blocks described in any one of claims 1-4 with staggered seams, and the through holes formed by aligning the blocks Reinforcement bars are inserted inside and core column lightweight aggregate concrete is poured. 6. An anti-seismic house, comprising a wall and a floor, characterized in that the wall comprises a reinforced concrete ring beam, the ring beam is provided with a steel bar head, and the upper part of the ring beam is defined by claims 1-4. The blocks described in any item are built with staggered joints, and the through holes of the blocks are aligned up and down to form a through hole, and steel bars are inserted in the through hole and core column lightweight aggregate concrete is poured, so that it is consistent with the masonry The blocks are connected to form a wall; the floor is a cast-in-situ concrete floor after being bound with a steel mesh. 7. The earthquake-resistant house according to claim 6, characterized in that horizontal lap ribs are arranged every few blocks. 8. The earthquake-resistant house according to claim 6, characterized in that, the outer walls of the walls are painted with cement mortar, and the inner walls are painted with thermal insulation mortar. 9. The earthquake-resistant house according to claims 6-8, characterized in that the house is single-storey or multi-storey.

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