CN206226347U - Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system - Google Patents

Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206226347U
CN206226347U CN201621242268.7U CN201621242268U CN206226347U CN 206226347 U CN206226347 U CN 206226347U CN 201621242268 U CN201621242268 U CN 201621242268U CN 206226347 U CN206226347 U CN 206226347U
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voltage
photovoltaic cell
photovoltaic
voltage conversion
secondary battery
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张永
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FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Abstract

The utility model is mainly concerned with photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system, use and implement photovoltaic inversion and energy storage with the scheme of integration, control unit is used to control inverter circuit module to carry out the reverse conversion of AC-to DC and export reverse direct current, exported to the secondary battery unit to perform charging for controlling bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module that reverse direct current is carried out into voltage conversion, be additionally operable to control photovoltaic cell group string and secondary battery unit is charged.Be applied to energy storage technology in grid-connected photovoltaic system by opinion, it is based upon and solves the harmful effect that is brought to power network of photovoltaic generation and feasible scheme is provided, makes energy storage inversion scheme be that a kind of economy is dispatched for photovoltaic accesses power network under conditions of meeting various security constraints.

Description

Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system
Technical field
The utility model is mainly concerned with technical field of photovoltaic power generation, is related to photovoltaic inversion and energy storage Implemented with the scheme of integration, be applied to energy storage technology in grid-connected photovoltaic system by opinion, based on reply grid disruption Or the accident such as large-area power-cuts and feasible scheme is provided, be also the Operation Measures of urban distribution network peak load shifting, meeting Energy storage inversion scheme is set to be that a kind of economy is dispatched for photovoltaic accesses power network under conditions of various security constraints.
Background technology
The development of photovoltaic generation and the application impetus are rapid, and conventional photovoltaic is installed and developed to obtain comparative maturity, according to newest number According to almost up to ten million kilowatts of the newly-increased solar power generation installed capacity in this year of display China.Due to the output work of photo-voltaic power supply Rate changes and acute variation with environmental factors such as intensity of illumination and temperature, and while economy operation of power grid is influenceed, it is increasingly strengthened Big distributed small amount installed capacity also makes power network can't bear the heavy load.Photovoltaic generation ensures that the safety and reliability of power supply becomes day Become important, if considered from photovoltaic plant angle, can be solved being equipped with by way of energy storage device to grid-connected photovoltaic power station Photovoltaic plant exports unstable problem, and energy storage technology is applied in grid-connected photovoltaic system, to solve photovoltaic generation pair The harmful effect that power network brings provides feasible scheme, while the economy of user and power network is also improved, based on past storage The application experience of energy inverter, industry generally believes that energy storage inverter will be following development trend.If conversely not applying storage Energy technology, the negative effect that grid-connected photovoltaic system is caused to power network will be than larger.On the one hand due to grid branch trend one As be one-way flow, when photo-voltaic power supply access power network after, fundamentally change the pattern of system load flow and trend become nothing Method is predicted so that voltage adjustment is difficult to maintain, and exception response occurs in the voltage adjusting device for even resulting in power distribution network, influences system Power supply reliability.On the other hand because itself output unstability of photo-voltaic power supply, schedulability are restricted, photovoltaic generation is worked as After system grid connection operation, system must increase the spinning reserve of respective volume, so as to reduce unit using hourage and sacrifice The economy operation of power network.In addition, photovoltaic electricity price has difference so how to meet various safety about with conventional electricity price Economy is carried out to power network under conditions of beam and dispatches also and indefinite.
Photovoltaic generation can be supplied family and in unnecessary electrical power storage to battery by photovoltaic energy storage inversion system, work as battery Power network is automatically entered during quota again, other users is deployed to and is used to facilitate.So pass through reasonable distribution photovoltaic, battery and power network Electric energy, can both ensure that household electricity was self-sufficient, be independent of power network can also improve to greatest extent photovoltaic generate power for their own use ratio drop Low power network burden.The most important feature of photovoltaic generation is periodicity and fluctuation.Conventional inverter cooperation solar energy electroplax will too It is for household use that sun can change into alternating current.But because average seventy percent electricity consumption of general family is, in night, to be formed daytime too Sun can generate electricity and be input into power network, and buy the process of electricity in the evening from power network again.The unbalanced demand of this generating and power consumption is accomplished by utilizing To intelligent micro-grid technology, being formed can both be incorporated into the power networks with external electrical network, it is also possible to the system of independent operating.Intelligent photovoltaic is stored up Energy grid-connected system can make home electrical use low price trough electric energy, while electricity charge spending is saved for resident, also utilize and believe Breath acquisition module and data analysing terminal, are embodied as the long-range monitoring of client's offer and control service.
In the photovoltaic generating system of prior art, in the case where light radiation intensity is big, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can be with grid-connected Generate electricity or off-network type provides electric energy to local load, to meet the need for electricity of local load.But in night or rainy weather In the case that no light or illumination are weak, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter will be stopped because noenergy is input into, it is impossible to meet local negative The need for electricity of load cannot also generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.In order to solve the problem, it is typically on the basis of the photovoltaic generating system at this stage Upper increase energy storage device, so as to constitute photovoltaic inversion energy-storage system, to extend the working time of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, improves photovoltaic hair Electric benefit.The increased energy storage device of specific institute includes energy-storage battery and the voltage changer being connected with the energy-storage battery, and The voltage changer is connected with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter input, and in practical application, the unnecessary solar energy that photovoltaic battery panel is produced will After the voltage changer is changed, energy-storage battery charging process is given in storage to the energy-storage battery, work as supplying power for photovoltaic cell When not enough, the energy-storage battery will be discharged by voltage changer, to meet the need for electricity of power network or local load.But pass through Lasting research, it can be seen that for existing photovoltaic inversion energy-storage system, in the reason such as sudden load change or photovoltaic battery panel shade Short-time rating is caused to rise sharply when rapid drawdown, energy-storage battery will continually carry out discharge and recharge switching, have a strong impact on energy storage Battery life more importantly causes grid-connected voltage frequent fluctuation.
It is related to management of the inverter to battery in the prior art in addition, mainly battery management system BMS is to battery Parameter carry out monitor in real time and perform fault diagnosis and SOC estimations, short-circuit protection, electric leakage monitor, display alarm and charge and discharge Power mode selection etc., and information exchange is carried out by CAN and controller, ensure battery-efficient and reliable and safety is transported OK.But Cost Problems are not only brought in field of photovoltaic power generation battery management system BMS, it is to solar photovoltaic assembly and battery Between management not ready-made management mode.
Utility model content
A kind of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is disclosed in an alternative embodiment of utility model, is had Secondary battery unit 200 and Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS, Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS at least have inverter circuit module 340, described inverse Become the direct inversion of preceding step voltage that circuit module 340 provides photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N or secondary battery unit 200 Into the alternating current that the grid-connected alternating current to public electric wire net (public power grid) or off-network type (off-grid) run. Control unit 320, the inversion that controlling the inverter circuit module 340 carries out direct current to alternating current is changed, and is also controlled described inverse Change circuit module 340 carries out alternating current and is changed to galvanic backward voltage and export reverse direct current, wherein the control is single Be used for for the reverse direct current to perform charging to the secondary battery unit 200 by the control of unit 320, and controls the photovoltaic cell Chargings of the group string PV to the secondary battery unit 200.
Meet following feature in the embodiment that this can omit DC/DC modules.
If the first, view changed from direct current DC to alternating current AC, the control unit 320 can be controlled directly Preceding step voltage VF1Inversion to alternating current is changed, preceding step voltage VF1Need not be by DC/DC resume modules, photovoltaic energy storage inversion is integrally One of function of change system BSI is that the energy of photovoltaic cell/battery is reverse into alternating current.
If the view for secondly, changing from alternating current AC to direct current DC, described control unit 320 also controls described The backward voltage that inverter circuit module 340 carries out AC-to DC is changed and exports reverse direct current VB1, and by the reverse direct current Electric VB1The secondary battery unit 200 is supplied to perform charging, photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI other function be by The alternating current of civil power is converted into direct current of the storage in secondary battery unit 200.
If furthermore, the view that changes from direct current DC to direct current DC, control unit 320 also controls those photovoltaics Chargings of the battery pack string PV-1 to PV-N to the secondary battery unit 200.This means photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI Function also reside in by the energy of photovoltaic cell be converted into storage secondary battery unit 200 direct current.
A kind of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is disclosed in another alternative embodiment of the present utility model, is had There is secondary battery unit 200, including Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS, PCS have bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 and inverter circuit mould Block 340；The bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is at least used for photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N or secondary battery unit The voltage conversion (Voltage Convert) that the 200 preceding step voltages for providing are carried out alleged by this area thereby produces rear class direct current, And rear class direct current is supplied to inverter circuit module 340；The inverter circuit module 340 is at least used for rear class direct current is inverse Become the exchange of the grid-connected alternating current to public electric wire net (public power grid) or off-network type (off-grid) operation Electricity.Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI also includes control unit 320.
Meet follow-up following feature in this embodiment with bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330.
If the first, view changed from direct current DC to alternating current AC, the control unit 320 not only needs control The bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 carries out preceding step voltage VF1To rear class direct current VF2Voltage conversion, control unit 320 Also controlling the inverter circuit module 340 carries out rear class direct current VF2Inversion to alternating current is changed.This means photovoltaic energy storage One of function of inversion integral system BSI is that the energy of photovoltaic cell/battery is reverse into alternating current.
If the view for secondly, changing from alternating current AC to direct current DC, described control unit 320 also controls described The backward voltage that inverter circuit module 340 carries out AC-to DC is changed and exports reverse direct current VB1, and control described two-way DC power conversion module 330 is by the reverse direct current VB1Carry out voltage conversion output voltage VB2, and by voltage VB2There is provided To the secondary battery unit 200 performing charging.This means the other functions of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI be by The alternating current of civil power is converted into direct current of the storage in secondary battery unit 200.
If furthermore, the view that changes from direct current DC to direct current DC, control unit 320 also controls those photovoltaics Chargings of the battery pack string PV-1 to PV-N to the secondary battery unit 200.This means photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI Function also reside in by the energy of photovoltaic cell be converted into storage secondary battery unit 200 direct current.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, in described control unit 320 and the secondary battery unit 200 Between set up direct communication mechanism, such as relatively compatible CAN communication protocol monitors institute by described control unit 320 State the electricity storage condition of secondary battery unit 200；Described control unit 320 is according to electricity storage condition decides whether notice Photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N or described Bidirectional variable-flow units PCS stops or starts to be provided to the secondary battery unit 200 Energy, is specifically meant that：When the electricity of the secondary battery unit 200 crosses as little as also lower than low pressure threshold, then the control is single Unit 320 should start photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to the PV-N or described Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS to the secondary battery unit 200 provide energy, and when the electricity of the secondary battery unit 200 crosses up to also higher than HVT high voltage threshold then described control unit 320 should implement to stop photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to the PV-N or described Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS to the battery list Unit 200 provides energy.In optional rather than necessary embodiment, photovoltaic cell group string PV and Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS and electric power storage Turn-off module/relay for being driven by control unit 320 etc., therefore photovoltaic cell group string PV can be set between pool unit 200 And whether Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS provides energy and can control connection or the pass of turn-off module/relay to secondary battery unit 200 Break to realize.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, photovoltaic cell group string PV described in every a string is connected by multiple series connection The photovoltaic cell 101 for connecing is constituted, and every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is each equipped with performing the voltage conversion electricity of maximum power tracing MPPT Road 100；Wherein, the voltage for being exported with every piece of corresponding voltage conversion circuit 100 of photovoltaic cell 101 characterizes the photovoltaic cell 101 provide the virtual voltage on the photovoltaic cell group string PV.And it is total on photovoltaic cell group string PV described in any a string Voltage is equal to the stack result of the voltage of the output of all of voltage conversion circuit 100 in the middle of it, actually this stack result just It is the tandem magnitude of voltage of photovoltaic cell group string PV described in a string.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, described control unit 320 controls the photovoltaic cell group string pair The mode that the secondary battery unit 200 is charged is：Described control unit 320 notifies every block of light in the photovoltaic cell group string Voltage conversion circuit 100 corresponding to volt battery 101 adjusts voltage and/or electric current that it is exported, until each described photovoltaic The tandem magnitude of voltage of battery pack string PV is adjusted to predetermined voltage range and/or tandem electric current is adjusted to predetermined electric current model Enclose, in general, either a string or many string photovoltaic cell group string PV of tandem magnitude of voltage is applied to the electric power storage After pool unit 200, provided voltage should be met in the range of the nominal charging voltage of the secondary battery unit 200, and Charging current should meet the rated current scope of the secondary battery unit 200.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, since described control unit 320 needs to control the photovoltaic electric The even more other specifications of the tandem magnitude of voltage of pond group string PV, it is especially described in order to meet the communication need between them 320 pairs of voltage conversion circuits 100 of control unit send the voltage of the regulation of voltage conversion circuit 100 output described in designated command Or during current value, the voltage conversion circuit 100 and described control unit 320 are each each equipped with carrier wave sending module and carrier wave Receiver module so that described control unit 320 can by way of power line carrier, PLC with each described photovoltaic cell group string Voltage conversion circuit 100 in PV corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 sets up communication.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, the carrier wave sending module 310 of the configuration of described control unit 320 The photovoltaic cell group string PV is coupled to carrier wave on the transmission line of the Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS sends with being arranged on Transformer TC, carrier wave transmission transformer TCEffect be exactly：Carrier pulse is for example sent in transformer by described control unit 320 Primary side winding, the secondary windings of transformer is because be connected on transmission line carrier pulse is also coupled into transmission line On, then the carrier receiving module that the voltage conversion circuit 100 is carried can just sense carrier pulse from transmission line.Separately Detection unit and wave filter of the carrier receiving module CT of the configuration of outer described control unit 320 with such as air core coil, its inspection Surveying unit is used to monitor the carrier information on the transmission line, and its wave filter is used to extract to have from carrier information to specify frequency The carrier signal for carrying data of rate scope, not other carrier informations in designated frequency range may is that clutter or correlation Noise and need to filter out.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 100 is applied to it Output capacitance COOn, and switch S is provided with the voltage conversion circuit 100E, and output capacitance COWith its switch SE It is connected in series.The switch S of the voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being switched on, the voltage conversion circuit 100 is received photovoltaic The photovoltaic voltage that battery is produced gives voltage conversion and exports in output capacitance COOn, the body of voltage conversion circuit 100 described in this stage It is a normal electric pressure converter (voltage converter) to reveal, and can export more normal steady voltage value；Institute State the switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being turned off, the voltage conversion circuit 100 is by output drive pulse rather than steady Magnitude of voltage, cause is：The pulse width modulating signal PWM of the voltage conversion circuit 100 is driven to force the institute at this moment There is Spline smoothing, the voltage with the frequency of pulse width modulating signal in the voltage for stating the output of voltage conversion circuit 100 The step voltage of the output of change-over circuit 100 is considered as driving pulse, and the voltage conversion circuit 100 is by the saltus step between low and high level Driving pulse is coupled on the transmission line for having concatenated the photovoltaic cell group string as carrier signal, it is evident that this in stage institute State that voltage conversion circuit 100 embodies is not a normal electric pressure converter (voltage converter), it is impossible to exported More normal steady voltage value, now drive the voltage conversion circuit 100 pulse width modulating signal originally be for MPPT calculations are performed, but due to switch SEIt is turned off the source for causing pulse width modulating signal PWM to turn into driving pulse generation Head.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, the carrier receiving module of the configuration of the voltage conversion circuit 100 Detection unit and wave filter with such as Roche air core coil, its detection unit are used to monitor the carrier wave on the transmission line Information, its wave filter is used to extract the carrier signal for carrying data with designated frequency range from carrier information.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, described control unit 320 is controlled the photovoltaic cell group string Tandem magnitude of voltage for the secondary battery unit 200 charge when, by the output current for controlling the voltage conversion circuit 100 Sizes values are applied to the secondary battery unit 200 DC current when being used to ensure charging is constant, or by controlling the electricity The sizes values of the output voltage of voltage conversion circuit 100 and further control the sizes values of the tandem magnitude of voltage to ensure during charging The DC voltage for being applied to the secondary battery unit 200 is constant.
In another embodiment, the utility model discloses the energy storage side based on photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system Method, the photovoltaic cell group string PV that often goes here and there is made up of the photovoltaic cell 101 of multiple series connection, and every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is each equipped with The voltage conversion circuit 100 of maximum power tracing MPPT is performed, voltage conversion circuit 100 corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 The voltage of output characterizes the virtual voltage that the photovoltaic cell 101 is provided on the photovoltaic cell group string PV；Described control unit 320 control the method for carrying out charging energy-storing to the secondary battery unit 200 to be：First by described control unit 320 and the electric power storage Pool unit 200 sets up communication, and is analyzed the electricity storage condition of the secondary battery unit 200 by described control unit 320 and sentenced Whether the disconnected secondary battery unit 200 needs to charge；Then selected as described in the Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS if necessary to charge The reverse direct current is carried out voltage conversion and exported to the secondary battery unit 200 to hold by bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 Row is charged, or selection is charged by photovoltaic cell group string PV to secondary battery unit 200.
Above-mentioned method, the voltage conversion circuit 100 and described control unit 320 be each equipped with carrier wave sending module and Carrier receiving module, described control unit 320 is by every block of light in power carrier PLC and each described photovoltaic cell group string PV Voltage conversion circuit 100 corresponding to volt battery 101 sets up communication；Selected by the photovoltaic cell in described control unit 320 When group string PV charges to the secondary battery unit 200：Described control unit 320 notifies the photovoltaic electric by carrier signal The size of the voltage of the adjustment output of voltage conversion circuit 100 in pond group string PV corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell 101, until described The tandem magnitude of voltage of photovoltaic cell group string PV is adjusted to predetermined voltage range.
Above-mentioned method, it is described that described control unit 320 is controlled the tandem magnitude of voltage of the photovoltaic cell group string PV When secondary battery unit charges, when being used to ensure charging by controlling the sizes values of output current of the voltage conversion circuit 100 The DC current for being applied to the secondary battery unit 200 is constant, or by controlling the sizes values of the tandem magnitude of voltage to protect Barrier is applied to the secondary battery unit 200 DC voltage when charging is constant.
Above-mentioned method, the carrier wave sending module of the configuration of described control unit 320 is carried and is arranged on the photovoltaic cell The carrier wave that group string is coupled on the transmission line of the Bidirectional variable-flow unit sends transformer；The carrier wave of described control unit configuration Receiver module CT carries detection unit and wave filter, and its detection unit is used to monitor the carrier information on the transmission line, its Wave filter is used to extract the carrier signal for carrying data with designated frequency range from carrier information.
Above-mentioned method, the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 100 is applied to its output capacitance COOn, and institute State and be provided with voltage conversion circuit 100 switch SE, and output capacitance COWith its switch SESeries connection；The institute in the first pattern State the switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being switched on, the photovoltaic voltage that the voltage conversion circuit 100 is received gives electricity Pressure conversion output is in output capacitance COOn；The switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100 in second patternEWhen being turned off, the electricity The driving pulse of the saltus step between low and high level is coupled to voltage conversion circuit 100 transmission for having concatenated the photovoltaic cell group string PV As carrier signal on circuit, its driving pulse comes from：The pulse width modulation of the voltage conversion circuit 100 is driven at this moment Signal forces the voltage that the voltage conversion circuit 100 is exported that step change occurs with the frequency of pulse width modulating signal Change, the step voltage of output is considered as driving pulse.
Above-mentioned method, the carrier receiving module CT of the configuration of voltage conversion circuit 100 is carried similar to air core coil etc Detection unit and wave filter, its detection unit is used to monitoring carrier information on the transmission line, its wave filter be used for from The carrier signal for carrying data with designated frequency range is extracted in carrier information.
Brief description of the drawings
Read after described further below and reference the following drawings, feature and advantage of the present utility model will be evident that：
Fig. 1 is the photovoltaic cell direct current of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system to the exemplary applications schematic diagram of alternating current.
Fig. 2 is the Bidirectional variable-flow unit alternating current of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system to galvanic example schematic.
Fig. 3 is that the photovoltaic cell direct current of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system is the example schematic of battery charging.
Fig. 4 is the direct current of the secondary battery unit of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system to the example schematic of alternating current.
Fig. 5 is the example schematic that bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module realizes the voltage conversion from rear class to prime.
Fig. 6 is the example schematic charged for the accumulator array of substantial amounts in photovoltaic energy storage inversion system.
Fig. 7 is photovoltaic cell and the example schematic of control unit two-way communication in photovoltaic energy storage inversion system.
Fig. 8 is the example schematic that Bidirectional variable-flow unit is not provided with any DC-to-DC voltage modular converter.
Specific embodiment
With reference to each embodiment, clearly complete elaboration, described reality are carried out to the technical solution of the utility model The example not all embodiment that is only the utility model with the embodiment being described herein used by explanation is applied, based on the embodiment such as this, this The scheme that the technical staff in field is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made belongs to protection of the present utility model Scope.
Referring to Fig. 1, simplified photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is the basis of photovoltaic generating system, and photovoltaic group is shown in figure It is natural number that basic multiple battery pack string PV-1 to PV-N, N are provided with part array PV-ARR, and each optical crosstalk lies prostrate battery pack string The photovoltaic cell 101 that PV is connected in series by multiple is constituted, and every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is each equipped with performing maximum power tracing The voltage conversion circuit 100 of MPPT.The voltmeter that voltage conversion circuit 100 corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is exported in fact Levy the virtual voltage that the photovoltaic cell 101 is provided on photovoltaic cell group string PV, it is assumed that any a string of photovoltaic cell group string PV The photovoltaic cell 101 of first order photovoltaic cell 101, second level photovoltaic cell 101 ... up to M grades is serially connected with, M is certainly here So count, wherein first order voltage conversion circuit 100 is used to for the photovoltaic electric potential source of first order photovoltaic cell 101 to perform peak power Follow the trail of and carry out voltage conversion and export V1, class is pushed into M step voltages change-over circuit 100 to be used for M grades of photovoltaic cell 101 Photovoltaic electric potential source perform maximum power tracing and carry out voltage conversion and export VM, any one optical crosstalk volt battery pack can be learned Total tandem voltage is equal on string PV：The voltage V of the output of first order voltage conversion circuit 1001Plus second level voltage conversion The voltage V of the output of circuit 1002Along with the voltage ... of the output of third level voltage conversion circuit 100 is until be added to M grades The voltage V of the output of voltage conversion circuit 100M, equal to V1+V2+……VM.Voltage conversion circuit 100 can be boosting BOOST, drop Pressure BUCK or buck BUCK-BOOST circuits, it is necessary to, it is emphasized that disclosing in the prior art and disclosed for photovoltaic electric Any scheme of the maximum power tracing in pond is equally applicable to the voltage conversion circuit 100 of the application, therefore the application is no longer single It is solely that the scheme for how performing maximum power tracing is repeated to voltage conversion circuit 100.
Referring to Fig. 1, photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system Battery Storage Inverter system are in the application Context in will be called BSI, energy storage inversion system BSI and photovoltaic module array PV-ARR for short and support the use, energy storage inversion The energy of photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is reverse into alternating current by system BSI, or the alternating current of civil power is converted into storage exists Direct current in battery, or the energy of photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is converted into direct current of the storage in battery, because The energy for accumulators store, so the energy of battery can also be reverse into alternating current by energy storage inversion system BSI.On daytime In the case that irradiation intensity is big, energy storage inversion system BSI can be generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems with photovoltaic assembly array PV-ARR or off-network is to local Load provides electric energy, and to meet the need for electricity of local load, in the case of night no light or rainy weather, energy storage is inverse The increased energy storage devices of change system BSI constitute extra energy source, extend the working time of photovoltaic inversion, improve the effect that generates electricity Benefit.The practical application meaning of obvious energy storage inversion system BSI is very huge, can tackle grid disruption or large-area power-cuts etc. and dash forward Hair event, can also undertake the scheduling of power network peak load shifting.The alternating current for being injected into public electric wire net can be other power consumptions user Power supply, the alternating current of off-network type operation is more then that generating side generates power for their own use and alternating current need not be injected into public electric wire net, Notice that generating side is grid-connected can and to be deposited to public electric wire net or the operation of off-network type, can itself power consumption with grid-connected when electricity is abundant Can then be run using off-network type alone when measuring big.
Referring to Fig. 1, energy storage inversion system BSI has the secondary battery unit 200 as energy storage device, also including Bidirectional variable-flow There is bidirectional, dc electricity to become in order to mutually switch between direct current and alternating current for unit PCS, Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS Mold changing block 330 and inverter circuit module 340.Photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N is in parallel to bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 Power supply, specifically, it is assumed that bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 has one group of first input end NP1With the second input NP2, then The equivalent anode of the tandem voltage that the first optical crosstalk volt battery pack string PV-1 is provided is connected to the of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 One input NP1, the equivalent negative electrode of the tandem voltage that the first optical crosstalk volt battery pack string PV-1 is provided is connected to bidirectional, dc electricity conversion Second input N of module 330P2, the tandem voltage of the photovoltaic cell group string PV-N gone here and there according to the last N of identical principle Equivalent anode is connected to the first input end N of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330P1, and N string photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 carry The equivalent negative electrode of the tandem voltage of confession is also connected to the second input N of the two-way DC power conversion module 330P2, this namely photovoltaic Component powering mode in parallel after first connecting.
Referring to Fig. 1, bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is except that can receive the power supply that photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is supplied Energy, it may also receive from the energy of the supply of secondary battery unit 200, now the equivalent positive pole of secondary battery unit 200 and wait Effect negative pole can be connected respectively to first input end NP1With the second input NP2.Then bidirectional, dc is electric in Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS It is that conversion module 330 provides photovoltaic module array PV-ARR (battery pack string PV-1 to PV-N) or by secondary battery unit The 200 preceding step voltage V for providingF1The voltage conversion Voltage Convert for carrying out this area thereby produce rear class direct current VF2, Step voltage V before notingF1With rear step voltage VF2All it is direct current.Bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 can be based on boosting The circuit of BOOST, step-down BUCK or buck BUCK-BOOST, so preceding step voltage VF1With rear step voltage VF2In both the former It is bigger than the latter or it is small be all option.Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS is also equipped with direct current except the translation function for possessing DC-to-DC To alternating current or alternating current to the translation function of direct current, after the inverter circuit module 340 set in Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS is received Level direct current VF2Afterwards, inverter circuit module 340 is again by rear class direct current VF2It is reverse into grid-connected to public electric wire net (public Power grid) alternating current, the public for supplying power network uses, or by rear step voltage VF2It is reverse into other off-network types (off-grid) alternating current of operation, the alternating current of off-network type need not be grid-connected, can generate power for their own use or supply the use of small range Person.Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI also includes control unit 320, and control unit 320 is configured with various types of processors, double The pulse width modulating signal all the way that is sent by control unit 320 is typically to DC power conversion module 330 to drive so as to hold Row DC/DC voltage conversions, inverter circuit module 340 is generally also another road pulse width modulation sent by control unit 320 Signal drives, so as to perform the voltage conversion of DC-AC DC/AC or AC-DC AC/DC.
Referring to Fig. 1, if the Section 1 function of possessing from Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS considers：From direct current DC to alternating current The translation function of AC, the control bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 of control unit 320 carries out preceding step voltage VF1To rear class direct current VF2Voltage conversion, preceding step voltage V hereF1It is that photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is provided or secondary battery unit 200 is provided Voltage.And the control inverter circuit of control unit 320 module 340 carries out rear step voltage VF2Inversion to alternating current AC is changed, This means：One of function of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is to be reverse into the energy of photovoltaic cell or battery Alternating current.
Referring to Fig. 2, if the Section 2 function of possessing from Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS considers：From alternating current AC to direct current The voltage conversion function of DC, the control inverter circuit of control unit 320 module 340 carries out exchanging AC to the backward voltage conversion of direct current And export reverse direct current VB1, i.e. civil power is converted into backward voltage V by inverter circuit module 340B1, control unit 320 also controls Bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is by reverse direct current VB1Carry out DC/DC voltage conversions and output voltage VB2, by voltage VB2 It is supplied to secondary battery unit 200 to perform charging.This means：Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI functions also reside in by Civil power is converted into direct current of the storage on battery.
Referring to Fig. 3, if the Section 3 function of possessing from Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS considers：Control unit 320 also controls light Chargings of the volt battery pack string PV-1 to PV-N to secondary battery unit 200, this charging must take into consideration control unit 320 and voltage turned Change the control of circuit 100 it is because although battery has an a variety of charging methods but most basic and it is most compatible be common this area Constant voltage charging method, constant-current charge mode, constant voltage constant current charging mode, these three schemes or other alternative solution are at this Core in application implements means and is that each voltage conversion circuit of control unit 320 to each optical crosstalk volt battery pack string PV 100 control is realized.This means：The function of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is also resided in photovoltaic cell Energy is converted into direct current of the storage on battery.
Referring to Fig. 3, in an optional embodiment, the chopping switch S11 and common mode of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 Inductance L11 is connected in series in first input end NP1With the first intermediate node NP3Between, chopping switch S12 and common mode inductance L12 goes here and there Connection is connected to the second input NP2With the second intermediate node NP4Between.In first input end NP1With the second input NP2Between connect Electric capacity C1 is connected to, in the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between be connected with electric capacity C2.And also in chopping switch S11 and common mode inductance L11 interconnecting nodes between the two and chopping switch S12 and common mode inductance L12 another interconnection sections between the two Switch S2 is connected between point, e.g. boost continued flow switch.It must be emphasized that bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is in Fig. 3 In embodiment merely to explaination illustrates its effect, do not represent during bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 shall be limited only to Fig. 3 Topological structure, arbitrary BOOST, the circuit of step-down BUCK or buck BUCK-BOOST can replace topology in Fig. 3 Structure.
Referring to Fig. 3, we explain the effect of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, and bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 can That will provide in first input end NP1With the second input NP2Between preceding step voltage VF1It is to carry out voltage conversion, generation is located at First intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between rear class direct current VF2.Wherein power becomes mold changing from bidirectional, dc electricity The prime of block 330 flows to the operation principle of rear class：Chopping switch S11 and S12 are in high frequency chopping on off state, chopping switch S11 and S12 is switched on or off simultaneously, and common mode inductance L11 and L12 are filled when chopping switch S11 and S12 are in opening state Electricity, now switchs S2 and is off state.When chopping switch S11 and S12 are off state, common mode inductance L11's and L12 The switch S2 afterflows that electric current passes through connection.Notice that synchro switch S7 is high using the Phase synchronization opposite with chopping switch S11 and S12 Frequency is switched.In addition, inverter circuit module 340 is received comes from the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between voltage, Inverter circuit module 340 is a typical H bridge type inverter, the arm switch of the H bridges that inverter circuit module 340 is carried in figure Pipe is in power frequency on off state, it is therefore an objective to H bridge type inverter is commutated the electric current of common mode inductance L11 and L12, realizes that exchange is defeated The reversal for going out.
Referring to Fig. 5, continue to explain the effect of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 can That will provide in the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between reverse direct current VB1Reverse voltage conversion is carried out, Produce and be located at first input end NP1With the second input NP2Between output voltage VB2.Wherein power is converted from bidirectional, dc electricity The rear class of module 330 flows to the operation principle of prime：Switching tube S2 is in high frequency boosted switch state, when switching tube S2 is connected Common mode inductance L11 and L12 are charged, now chopping switch S11 and S12 necessarily be in off state, when switching tube S2 is closed The chopping switch S11 and switch S12 that common mode inductance L11 passes through to connect with the electric current of L12 when disconnected carries out afterflow, by the first middle node Point NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between reverse direct current VB1First input end N is provided after carrying out backward voltage conversionP1With Two input NP2Between output voltage VB2, namely realize being transmitted electricity to DC side.Obtain the first intermediate node NP3In the middle of second Node NP4Between reverse direct current VB1：Electric main is transformed into the anti-of direct current by the H bridge type inverter of inverter circuit module 340 To direct current VB1.Output voltage VB2In addition to it can be supplied to user directly as dc source, it is electric power storage that can be also used for Pool unit 200 charges.
Referring to Fig. 3, in bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, chopping switch S11's and S12 turns on and off and afterflow The pulse-width signal exported by control unit 320 that turns on and off of the switch S2 of booster circuit drives to realize.And H bridges The conversion that the arm switch pipe of formula inverter carries out DC/AC or AC/DC is also that the pulse-width signal exported by control unit 320 drives Move to realize.Due to driving these switches to belong to prior art by pulse-width signal, therefore the application is no longer repeated, Arbitrary switch modulation scheme is applied to the application in the prior art.
Referring to Fig. 4, in the weak weather of the irradiation intensity such as night or wet weather, the electricity using the storage of secondary battery unit 200 is represented Measure as bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is powered, bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 will be provided in first input end NP1With second Input NP2Between preceding step voltage VF1It is to carry out voltage conversion, produces and be located at the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between rear class direct current VF2.In order to prove the diversity of the bidirectional, dc electricity topology of conversion module 330, the embodiment is with Fig. 3's Difference is：Chopping switch S11 and common mode inductance L11 are connected in series in first input end NP1With the first intermediate node NP3Between, In the second input NP2With the second intermediate node NP4Between be direct-coupled without setting any switch or inductance.Copped wave The switch S2 of switch S11 and boosting freewheeling circuit is still opposite in phase.Prime of the power from bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 Flow to the operation principle of rear class：Chopping switch S11 is in high frequency chopping on off state, when chopping switch S11 is in opening state When to common mode inductance L11 charge, switch S2 shut-off；When chopping switch S11 is off state, the electric current of common mode inductance L11 By the switch S2 afterflows connected.Power flows to the operation principle of prime from the rear class of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330：Switch S2 is in high frequency boosted switch state, common mode inductance L11 is charged when switching tube S2 is connected, now chopping switch S11 Must turn off, when switching tube S2 is turned off, the electric current of common mode inductance L11 is realized to straight by the chopping switch S11 afterflows connected The transmission of electricity of stream side.
Referring to Fig. 4, in order to prove the diversity of the topology of inverter circuit module 340, H bridge type inverter is replaced by three-phase bridge Formula all controlled rectifier circuit, three-phase full-bridge controlled rectifier will be from the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between Voltage VF2Three-phase alternating current is reverse into, namely realizes DC to AC；Or three-phase full-bridge controlled rectifier is anti-by three-phase alternating current To being converted into the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between reverse direct current VB1, namely realize AC to DC.Three-phase The pulsewidth modulation that the ON/OFF of the arm switch pipe of the H bridges that bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit is carried still is exported by control unit 320 Signal drives to realize.
It is by taking single secondary battery unit as an example, but in practice to provide enough in embodiments above referring to Fig. 6 The array CELL-ARR that big electricity is often constituted using multiple secondary battery units 200, such as storage of automobile and other industries purposes Array CELL-ARR contains the secondary battery unit 200 of the series connection of substantial amounts.In some optional but nonessential embodiments In, control unit 320 can control each optical crosstalk volt battery pack string PV to correspond to corresponding one in accumulator array CELL-ARR Individual or certain a part of secondary battery unit 200 is charged, thus in accumulator array CELL-ARR these substantial amounts electricity Pond more can charge in a balanced way each other, and the time that mutual electricity is full of also is more or less the same.
Referring to Fig. 7, each voltage conversion circuit 100 correspondence and a photovoltaic cell 101 are in parallel, the light of photovoltaic cell 101 The photovoltaic electric potential source that electricity reaction is produced is exported again after implementing MPPT by voltage conversion circuit 100, that is to say, that charged in battery In the stage, if attempting the voltage/current result for influenceing voltage conversion circuit 100 to export at PCS ends, them are allowed to reach set Desired value, must just set up communication, especially by photovoltaic module array PV- between voltage conversion circuit 100 and control unit 320 ARR is the stage that battery charges.The detection module that the control unit 320 of two-way inverter PCS is carried is in figure without signal Out, detection module is frequently used in common header box or inverter, mainly monitors the tandem electric current I of battery pack string PVSTR And/or the tandem voltage of sensing and computing battery pack string PV, Hall sensor is the string of detection battery pack string PV in detection module Level electric current and the electric current induction mode that is commonly used, in addition, also what deserves to be explained is, it is any in the prior art to examine The means for measuring or calculating the tandem electric current/tandem voltage of battery pack string PV are applied to two-way inverter PCS and its control Unit 320.
Referring to Fig. 7, actually control unit 320 possesses functional, the secondary battery unit 200 of battery management system BMS In per batteries terminal voltage and general measure point temperature be that control unit 320 needs monitor in real time, secondary battery unit 200 Battery parameter carries out monitor in real time, fault diagnosis, SOC estimations, electricity estimation, short-circuit protection and electric leakage monitoring and display report Alert, charge and discharge mode selection etc., is all performed by control unit 320, thus control unit 320 should and secondary battery unit Direct communication mechanism, such as relatively compatible CAN communication protocol are set up between 200.Control unit 320 is to battery list Management such as real-time tracking battery operation state and the parameter detecting of unit 200：Real-time Collection battery charging condition, gathered data There are battery total voltage, battery total current, battery measuring point temperature and monomer module cell voltage etc. in each battery case, due to having A little situation batteries are all used in series, so these parameters is real-time, measurement fast and accurately be battery management system just The basis often run.Such as dump energy estimation：The estimation of state-of-charge (SOC) has been to make PCS ends and user timely Understand the parameters such as battery system operation conditions, Real-time Collection charging and discharging currents, voltage, and remaining electricity is carried out by corresponding algorithm The estimation of amount.And charge and discharge control：State-of-charge according to battery controls the discharge and recharge to battery, when certain parameter is exceeded such as When monomer battery voltage is too high or too low, be ensure battery pack normal use and performance performance, system by block system relay, Stop the energy supply of battery and discharge.The electricity storage condition of secondary battery unit 200 is monitored by control unit 320, control is single Unit 320 decides whether to notify that photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N or Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS stops according to electricity storage condition Or start to the offer energy of secondary battery unit 200, specifically it is meant that：Crossed in the electricity of secondary battery unit 200 and as little as compare low pressure Then control unit 320 should start photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N or Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS to electric power storage when threshold value is also low Pool unit 200 provide energy, and when the electricity of secondary battery unit 200 crosses up to also higher than HVT high voltage threshold then control unit 320 Photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N or Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS should be implemented to stop to the offer energy of secondary battery unit 200.
It is real in this application in order to set up two-way communication between voltage conversion circuit 100 and control unit 320 referring to Fig. 7 The means of applying are：Control unit 320 sends first carrier signal, and (for example it contains instructed voltage change-over circuit 100 and exports predetermined mesh The instruction of target voltage/current) it is coupled on the transmission line of connection photovoltaic cell group string PV and PCS, just allow for photovoltaic All of photovoltaic cell 101 and its voltage conversion circuit 100 are connected by transmission line in battery pack string PV-1, and transmission line The equivalent anode of photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 is connected to first input end N by roadP1The second input is connected to by its equivalent negative electrode NP2, so first carrier signal is coupled to any one battery pack string PV voltages all of the above when being broadcasted on transmission line Change-over circuit 100 can be listened to.The mode that be broadcast to first carrier signal on transmission line by control unit 320 has many in fact Kind, in order to carrier wave is unlikely to influence the normal work of PCS, transformer can be carried using the carrier wave sending module 310 of transformer type TC.Control unit 320 will need to be delivered to the data of voltage conversion circuit 100 by carrier wave sending module 310 with first carrier The form of signal is broadcast on transmission line, transformer TCEffect be just embodied in：Control unit 320 passes through carrier wave sending module The carrier pulse for carrying first carrier signal is sent in transformer T by 310CPrimary side winding, transformer TCSecondary windings because It is connected on transmission line so also carrier pulse is also coupled on transmission line, transformer TCEffect be exactly by carrier wave coupling Close the medium on transmission line.So far control unit 320 broadcasts out first carrier signal as sender, makees Carrier wave arteries and veins is listened to for the carrier receiving module CT that recipient's voltage conversion circuit 100 is carried can just be sensed from transmission line Punching.Voltage conversion circuit 100 is configured with the processor 105 for driving its BUCK, BOOST or BUCK-BOOST circuit, processor 105 transmission pulse width modulating signal PWM carry out step-down, boosting or the buck-boost type change-over circuit of driving voltage change-over circuit 100, Pulse width modulating signal PWM drives step-down, boosting or buck-boost type change-over circuit execution MPPT to belong to known technology, the application To it, it will not go into details.Detection unit of the carrier receiving module CT bands just like Roche air core coil that voltage conversion circuit 100 is carried And wave filter, detection unit is used to monitor carrier information on transmission line, and transmission line generally passes through Roche air core coil Center, wave filter is used to extract the first carrier signal for carrying data with designated frequency range from the carrier information, Because be there is likely to be in addition to it there is the carrier pulse for carrying first carrier signal of expected broadcast on transmission line Various other unpredictable frequency spectrum pulses, then not in other loads of designated frequency range namely first carrier signal frequency range Ripple information may is that clutter so needing to fall by filters filter.The wave filter that carrier receiving module CT is carried is by real One carrier signal is conveyed to first carrier signal processor 105, and processor 105 is after the instruction for receiving the transmission of control unit 320 Just the output voltage and/or electric current of voltage conversion circuit 100 can be re-modulated according to instruction, or can also carry out control list Other implications representated by instructions that unit 320 sends, for example close down/dormancy voltage conversion circuit 100 or restart voltage conversion Circuit 100 etc..
Referring to Fig. 7, it is with the voltage conversion circuit 100 with three sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1,100-2 and 100-3 Example comes the working mechanism of account for voltage change-over circuit 100, it is necessary to explanation, and implementation method part here is just for the sake of work It is example without constituting any specific limitation.It is assumed that voltage conversion circuit 100 has the battery strings of quantity and photovoltaic cell 101 The consistent BUCK/BOOST/BUCK-BOOST circuits of quantity, every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is also in fact that photovoltaic module has in figure Three battery strings (Photovoltaic cell string) 101-1,101-2 and 101-3, its neutron voltage conversion circuit 100- The 1 pair of voltage of battery strings 101-1 carries out voltage conversion, and sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-2 carries out electricity to the voltage of battery strings 101-2 Pressure conversion, sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-3 carries out voltage conversion, three sub- voltage conversion circuits to the voltage of battery strings 101-3 The result of the voltage superposition that 100-1,100-2 and 100-3 are each exported is only the total voltage value of the output of voltage conversion circuit 100. The voltage that sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 receives it from battery strings 101-1 performs MPPT and calculates and carry out conversion output at it An output capacitance CO1On, the voltage that also sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-2 receives it from battery strings 101-2 performs MPPT Conversion output is calculated and carried out in its an output capacitance CO2On, sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-3 is by it from battery strings 101-3 The voltage of reception performs MPPT and calculates and carry out conversion output in its an output capacitance CO3On, in voltage conversion circuit 100 Each output capacitance C of sub- voltage conversion circuitO1、CO2And CO3All it is cascaded, by the output capacitance C of series connectionO1~CO3 On the voltage that is superimposed total output voltage of voltage conversion circuit 100 is provided.It is arbitrary at least in voltage conversion circuit 100 A controlling switch S is provided with sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1E, and with controlling switch SEThe sub- voltage of any one-level turn Change its output capacitance C in circuit 100-1O1Correspondence and its controlling switch SESeries connection, specifically, the sub- voltage conversion circuit of the first order The output voltage of 100-1 is exported in its one group of first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between, its output capacitance CO1It is connected to the first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between, namely the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1's of the first order is defeated Go out voltage output in output capacitance CO1On, then controlling switch SEWith output capacitance CO1It is connected on the first output node NO1With Two output node NO2Between.In other option, voltage conversion circuit 100 can only possess the sub- voltage conversion electricity of the first order Road 100-1, other second level and the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-2 and 100-3 of the third level are cast out, now battery strings 101-1,101-2 and 101-3 are considered as a photovoltaic module for entirety, then as long as the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order connects Receive the positive and negative interpolar of photovoltaic module voltage and carry out MPPT voltage conversions just can be with, now output capacitance CO2~CO3Naturally also Do not exist, the output voltage of the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order is exported in output capacitance CO1On be equal to voltage conversion electricity Total output voltage on road 100.
Referring to Fig. 7, it is contemplated that the law of electric charges of battery has the modes such as constant pressure, constant current, constant current constant voltage, control unit 320 is controlled Photovoltaic cell group string PV processed is to the mode that secondary battery unit 200 is charged：Control unit 320 pushes first carrier signal and comes The voltage conversion circuit 100 on transmission line in notice photovoltaic cell group string PV corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is broadcast to adjust The specific scope of the whole voltage and/or electric current that it is exported, this voltage and/or electric current can also be carried in first carrier signal In, until each photovoltaic cell group string PV for the tandem magnitude of voltage that charges be adjusted to predetermined voltage range and/or Tandem electric current for charging is adjusted to predetermined current range.In general, the photovoltaic electrics either still gone here and there more for a string After the tandem magnitude of voltage/tandem electric current of pond group string PV is applied to secondary battery unit 200, provided charging voltage should be met In the range of the nominal charging voltage of secondary battery unit 200, and charging current should meet the specified electricity of secondary battery unit 200 Stream scope.Control unit 320 is described above and has pushed to be broadcast on transmission line by carrier wave sending module 310 and turned with to voltage The mode that circuit 100 assigns instruction is changed, voltage conversion circuit 100 needs response control unit 320 to tell control unit 320 Have received order and reply control unit 320, and circuit 100 can also be converted the voltage into as option and obtained according to instruction Data return to control unit 320, now as slave voltage conversion circuit 100 be also required to send the second carrier signal to biography On defeated circuit, if control unit 320 has listened to the second carrier signal from transmission line, it is achieved that between them two-way Communication.
Referring to Fig. 7, the output voltage of the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order is exported defeated in voltage conversion circuit 100 Go out electric capacity CO1On, now controlling switch S in voltage conversion circuit 100EWith output capacitance CO1It is connected in voltage conversion circuit 100 The first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between.The switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being switched on, voltage conversion Circuit 100 is received the photovoltaic voltage that photovoltaic cell 101 produces and performs MPPT and give voltage conversion to be exported in output capacitance CO1 Or CO1~CO3On, it is a normal electric pressure converter voltage that this stage voltage change-over circuit 100 is embodied Converter can export more normal steady voltage, although the output voltage of voltage conversion circuit 100 carries ripple still Output voltage can be stablized in upper voltage limit value V substantiallyUPPERWith lower limit VLOWERBetween scope, the highest ripple of output voltage Amplitude is no more than VUPPER, minimum ripple amplitude is not less than VLOWER。
Referring to Fig. 7, once processor 105 converts the voltage into the switch S of circuit 100EShut-off, voltage conversion circuit 100 will Output drive pulse is rather than stable magnitude of voltage, cause：The pulse width of driving voltage change-over circuit 100 is adjusted at this moment Signal PWM processed forces the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order and the voltage of the output of voltage conversion circuit 100 with pulse The frequency of bandwidth modulation signals and there is Spline smoothing.Basic the reason for is due to the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order Output voltage output originally is in output capacitance CO1On, but output capacitance CO1But it is forced from the first output node NO1With second Output node NO2It is separated, cause the first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between magnitude of voltage with script use The step that same frequency occurs to modulate the frequency of the pulse width modulating signal of the first order sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 becomes Change, the step voltage of the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order and the output of voltage conversion circuit 100 is considered as driving pulse. Specially lure total output voltage saltus step between low and high level of voltage conversion circuit 100 into, the positive amplitude of driving pulse is more than upper Limit value VUPPERAnd its negative sense amplitude is less than lower limit VLOWER, so from be easy on transmission line from stabilization steady voltage in Capture driving pulse.Voltage conversion circuit 100 is by driving pulse (itself and the driving voltage change-over circuit of the saltus step between low and high level 100 PWM frequency is identical) it is coupled on the transmission line for concatenated photovoltaic cell as carrier signal, shut-off switch SECause Driving pulse be considered as the second carrier signal.
Referring to Fig. 7, detection unit of the carrier receiving module CT configurations just like Roche air core coil that control unit 320 is carried And wave filter, detection unit is used to monitor carrier information on transmission line, and transmission line generally passes through Roche air core coil Center, and wave filter is then used to be extracted from the carrier information the second load for carrying data with another designated frequency range Ripple signal, because may be used also in addition to it there is the carrier pulse for carrying the second carrier signal of expected broadcast on transmission line Can there are various other unpredictable frequency spectrum pulses, then not in another designated frequency range namely the second frequency of carrier signal model Other carrier informations for enclosing may is that clutter so needing to fall by filters filter.The wave filter that carrier receiving module CT is carried Real second carrier signal is conveyed to control unit 320, control unit 320 is receiving the number of responses of the transmission of processor 105 The running status of the voltage conversion circuit 100 of processor 105 and its control is known that after.If instead the nothing of control unit 320 Method receives the response data of the broadcast of processor 105, it is possible to which control unit 320 is constantly in the shape for waiting those slaves to reply State or disturbance state and cannot dynamic regulation voltage conversion circuit 100 output voltage/electric current etc..
Referring to Fig. 7, the implementation of the communication means of the transmission data of processor 105 is：Believed using carrier wave in processor 105 Number send binary data 0 (or 1) time period T, processor 105 control with switch SECircuit 100-1 switch SEWhen Between section T any one cycle in it is always on, make circuit 100-1 within the cycle enter in normal voltage transformation working pattern Without exporting any type of driving pulse, so the code element of output is 0 (or 1), this stage processor 105 can be controlled to be had Or without switching switch SECircuit 100-2,100-3 be operated in normal voltage conversion state, now except circuit 100-1 Other each circuit 100-2,100-3 in addition should preferably last if switching switch then switches switch and be switched on.Conversely exist Processor 105 sends the time period T of binary data 1 (or 0) using carrier signal, and the control of processor 105 is switched with switching Circuit 100-1 switching switch SEAt least turned off once within any one cycle of time period T, circuit 100-1 is existed At least enter the once mode of operation of improper voltage conversion in the cycle and export and be not less than the cluster driving pulse, so defeated The code element for going out is 1 (or 0), and this stage processor 105 can be controlled so that with or without switching switch SECircuit 100-2 Be operated in normal voltage conversion state with 100-3, other each circuit 100-2 now in addition to circuit 100-1 and 100-3 should preferably last if switching switch then switches switch and be switched on.In a preferred alternative embodiment, the time period It is preferably that driving pulse is represented at least one times with appearance during the first start byte/start bit of a cycle conveying in T, this Because driving pulse can significantly be different from the steady voltage of circuit 100-1 outputs, the start byte improper electricity of appearance Press transformation working pattern rather than maintain the communication for distinguishing transmission data that normal voltage operation mode can be easily always Program has been switched on.
Referring to Fig. 7, it is evident that send the second carrier signal stage voltage change-over circuit 100 embodies is not one Normal electric pressure converter voltage converter, it is impossible to export more normal steady voltage value, now driving voltage turns The pulse width modulating signal for changing circuit 100 is performed for MPPT calculations originally, but due to controlling switch SEIt is turned off and leads Causing pulse width modulating signal PWM turns into the source that driving pulse is produced.Except voltage conversion circuit 100 itself is directly as load Ripple transtation mission circuit, can also be set and the output capacitance C for connecting in the embodiment not illustratedO1~CO3The load being in parallel Ripple sending module, if there was only the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order in voltage conversion circuit 100 and not existing CO2~CO3 Then such carrier wave sending module can directly with output capacitance CO1Parallel connection, these carrier wave sending modules in parallel are equally controlled by Control unit 320, control unit 320 broadcast the second carrier signal by with CO1Carrier wave sending module in parallel send or by with CO1~CO3Carrier wave sending module in parallel sends.
Referring to Fig. 8, by DC/DC modules in Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS namely two-way straight on the basis of Fig. 1-7 embodiments The electric conversion module 330 of stream is dispensed, and now the control inverter circuit of control unit 320 module 340 carries out direct current to alternating current Inversion is changed, and is also controlled inverter circuit module 340 to carry out alternating current and is changed to galvanic backward voltage and export reverse direct current Electric VB1, wherein control unit 340 controlled reverse direct current VB1For performing charging, and control light to secondary battery unit 200 Volt battery pack string PV performs charging to secondary battery unit 200.The implementation of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 can be omitted at this Meet following feature in example：First, the control unit 320 can directly control provide photovoltaic module array PV-ARR Or the preceding step voltage V that secondary battery unit 200 is providedF1The inversion for implementing direct current to alternating current is changed, preceding step voltage VF1 Need not be by DC/DC resume modules.Secondly, control unit 320 also controls the inverter circuit module 340 to carry out alternating current to galvanic Backward voltage is changed, and in the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between export reverse direct current VB1, in first Intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between can retain electric capacity C2 mentioned above, and reversely direct current VB1Then direct coupling Close first input end NP1With the first intermediate node NP3Between, and by reverse direct current VB1It is supplied directly to secondary battery unit 200 To perform charging.Furthermore, control unit 320 also control chargings of the photovoltaic cell group string PV-1 to PV-N to secondary battery unit 200. Actually it is readily apparent that the distinctive points of the embodiment of the embodiment of Fig. 8 and Fig. 1-7 are only to eliminate DC/DC modules I.e. bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, and the other technical characteristics of Fig. 1-7 be applied to Fig. 8.
Above by explanation and accompanying drawing, the exemplary embodiments of the ad hoc structure of specific embodiment, above-mentioned practicality are given It is new to propose existing preferred embodiment, but these contents are not intended as limitation.For a person skilled in the art, read After reading described above, various changes and modifications undoubtedly will be evident that.Therefore, appending claims should be regarded as and cover originally The true intention of utility model and whole variations and modifications of scope.Any and all model of equal value in Claims scope Enclose and content, be all considered as still belonging in intention of the present utility model and scope.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system, with secondary battery unit, it is characterised in that including：
Bidirectional variable-flow unit, at least with inverter circuit module, the inverter circuit module is by photovoltaic cell group string or battery The preceding step voltage that unit is provided is reverse into the alternating current of the grid-connected alternating current to public electric wire net or the operation of off-network type；
Control unit, the inversion that controlling the inverter circuit module carries out direct current to alternating current is changed, and also controls the inversion Circuit module carries out alternating current and is changed to galvanic backward voltage and export reverse direct current；
Be used for for the reverse direct current to perform charging, and control to the secondary battery unit by wherein described control unit control Charging of the photovoltaic cell group string to the secondary battery unit.
2. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Bidirectional variable-flow unit also has Bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module；
The bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module is at least used to enter the preceding step voltage that photovoltaic cell group string or secondary battery unit are provided Row voltage conversion thereby produces rear class direct current and is supplied to inverter circuit module；The inverter circuit module is at least used for by after The alternating current that level DC inverter runs into the grid-connected alternating current to public electric wire net or off-network type；
The described control unit control bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module carries out preceding step voltage to the galvanic voltage conversion of rear class The inversion for carrying out rear class direct current to alternating current with the control inverter circuit module is changed；
The backward voltage that wherein described control unit also controls the inverter circuit module and carries out AC-to DC is changed and exported Reverse direct current, and control the bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module to be exported to institute after the reverse direct current is carried out into voltage conversion Secondary battery unit is stated to perform charging.
3. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in described control unit Communication is set up and between the secondary battery unit, described control unit monitors the electricity storage condition of the secondary battery unit；
Described control unit decides whether to notify the photovoltaic cell group string or the Bidirectional variable-flow list according to electricity storage condition Unit stops or starts to provide energy to the secondary battery unit.
4. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that photovoltaic cell described in every a string The group photovoltaic cell that is connected in series by multiple of string is constituted, and every piece of photovoltaic cell is each equipped with performing the voltage of maximum power tracing Change-over circuit；Wherein
The voltage that voltage conversion circuit corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell is exported characterizes the photovoltaic cell and provides in the photovoltaic electric Virtual voltage on the group string of pond.
5. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described control unit controls institute State photovoltaic cell group string is to the mode that the secondary battery unit is charged：
Described control unit notifies that the voltage conversion circuit adjustment in the photovoltaic cell group string corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell is defeated The voltage and/or electric current for going out, until the tandem voltage and/or tandem electric current of the photovoltaic cell group string are adjusted to preset range.
6. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the voltage conversion circuit and Described control unit is each equipped with carrier wave sending module and carrier receiving module, is controlled to the photovoltaic cell group string described When the voltage conversion circuit sends instruction, described control unit is every with each described photovoltaic cell group string by power carrier Voltage conversion circuit corresponding to block photovoltaic cell sets up communication.
7. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described control unit configuration Carrier wave sending module carries to be arranged on and the photovoltaic cell group string is coupled on the transmission line of the Bidirectional variable-flow unit Carrier wave sends transformer；
The carrier receiving module of described control unit configuration carries detection unit and wave filter, and its detection unit is described for monitoring Carrier information on transmission line, its wave filter is used to be extracted from carrier information has carrying for designated frequency range Second carrier signal broadcasted by the voltage conversion circuit of data.
8. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the voltage conversion circuit Output voltage is applied in its output capacitance, and switch is provided with the voltage conversion circuit, and output capacitance and it Switch series connection；
When the switch of the voltage conversion circuit is switched on, the photovoltaic voltage that the voltage conversion circuit is received gives voltage Conversion output is in output capacitance；
When the switch of the voltage conversion circuit is turned off, the voltage conversion circuit is by the excitation arteries and veins of the saltus step between low and high level Punching is coupled on the transmission line for having concatenated the photovoltaic cell group string as carrier signal, and its driving pulse comes from：At this moment The pulse width modulating signal of the voltage conversion circuit is driven to force the voltage of the voltage conversion circuit output with pulse The frequency of bandwidth modulation signals and there is Spline smoothing, the step voltage of output is considered as driving pulse；And
The carrier receiving module of the voltage conversion circuit configuration carries detection unit and wave filter, and its detection unit is used to monitor Carrier information on the transmission line, its wave filter is used to be extracted with another designated frequency range from carrier information Carry the first carrier signal broadcasted by described control unit of data.
9. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described control unit control will When the tandem voltage of the photovoltaic cell group string is that the secondary battery unit charges, by controlling the defeated of the voltage conversion circuit The sizes values for going out electric current are applied to secondary battery unit DC current when being used to ensure charging is constant；
Or further control the tandem voltage by controlling the sizes values of the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit Size is applied to the secondary battery unit to ensure DC voltage during charging is constant.
10. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that often go here and there the photovoltaic cell Group string is made up of the photovoltaic cell of multiple series connection, and every piece of photovoltaic cell is each equipped with performing the voltage conversion electricity of maximum power tracing Road, the voltage that voltage conversion circuit corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell is exported characterizes the photovoltaic cell and provides in the photovoltaic cell Virtual voltage on group string；
Described control unit controls the pattern for carrying out charging energy-storing to the secondary battery unit to be：First by described control unit and institute State secondary battery unit and set up communication, and the electricity storage condition of the secondary battery unit is analyzed by described control unit and institute is judged State whether secondary battery unit needs to charge, if it is select to be performed directly to the secondary battery unit by the reverse direct current Charge, or selection is charged by the photovoltaic cell group string to the secondary battery unit.
11. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral systems according to claim 2, it is characterised in that often go here and there the photovoltaic cell Group string is made up of the photovoltaic cell of multiple series connection, and every piece of photovoltaic cell is each equipped with performing the voltage conversion electricity of maximum power tracing Road, the voltage that voltage conversion circuit corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell is exported characterizes the photovoltaic cell and provides in the photovoltaic cell Virtual voltage on group string；
Described control unit controls the pattern for carrying out charging energy-storing to the secondary battery unit to be：First by described control unit and institute State secondary battery unit and set up communication, and the electricity storage condition of the secondary battery unit is analyzed by described control unit and institute is judged State whether secondary battery unit needs to charge, if it is select the reverse direct current by bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module Exported to the secondary battery unit to perform charging after carrying out voltage conversion, or selected by the photovoltaic cell group string to described Secondary battery unit charges.
The 12. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 10 or 11, it is characterised in that the voltage conversion Circuit and described control unit are each equipped with carrier wave sending module and carrier receiving module, and described control unit passes through power carrier Communication is set up with the voltage conversion circuit corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell in photovoltaic cell group string each described；
When described control unit selection is charged by the photovoltaic cell group string to the secondary battery unit：The control is single Unit notifies that the voltage conversion circuit in the photovoltaic cell group string corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell adjusts output by carrier signal Voltage and/or electric current, until the tandem voltage and/or tandem electric current of the photovoltaic cell group string are adjusted to preset range.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108092601A (en) * 2016-11-21 2018-05-29 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system
CN109412406A (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-03-01 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of integrated carrier wave sending function
CN109525284A (en) * 2017-09-18 2019-03-26 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 It is integrated with the system and communication means of high frequency switch power and dc voltage changer
CN110277794A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-09-24 国家电投集团黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司 A kind of intelligent adaptive energy storage inversion integration apparatus
TWI827067B (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-12-21 四季洋圃生物機電股份有限公司 Solar energy efficiency improvement system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108092601A (en) * 2016-11-21 2018-05-29 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system
CN109412406A (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-03-01 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of integrated carrier wave sending function
CN109412406B (en) * 2017-08-18 2020-11-27 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 Voltage conversion circuit integrated with carrier sending function and applied to photovoltaic module
CN109525284A (en) * 2017-09-18 2019-03-26 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 It is integrated with the system and communication means of high frequency switch power and dc voltage changer
CN109525284B (en) * 2017-09-18 2021-05-14 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 System integrating high-frequency switching power supply and direct-current voltage converter and communication method
CN110277794A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-09-24 国家电投集团黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司 A kind of intelligent adaptive energy storage inversion integration apparatus
TWI827067B (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-12-21 四季洋圃生物機電股份有限公司 Solar energy efficiency improvement system

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