CN105207258B - A photovoltaic DC microgrid energy coordination control device - Google Patents
A photovoltaic DC microgrid energy coordination control device Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy cooperative control devices, the control method that can be combined using host-slave parallel method with DC bus-bar voltage droop method using the device, host-slave parallel method is used under grid-connect mode, energy balance in micro-capacitance sensor is maintained by bulk power grid interface circuit, and stablizes DC bus-bar voltage in micro-capacitance sensor；It under island mode, is controlled using DC bus-bar voltage droop method, carries out the operational mode of adjusting photovoltaic array and battery group in real time by interface circuit for the different state of DC bus-bar voltage.It is achieved in effective control of output electric current, maintain the energy balance of micro-capacitance sensor, to guarantee that DC bus-bar voltage is stablized in pressure constant state, the stream of realization system exports, it combines direct-current grid organically with bulk power grid, matches energy supplying system well with load, guarantee the reliability service of system, and energy loss, energy saving can be efficiently reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic electric power technical fields more particularly to a kind of photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordinated control to fill
It sets.
Background technique
Under the dual-pressure of environmental pollution and energy crisis, solar energy generation technology has become power electronics industry
Research heat
Point.Under the promotion of power electronic technique and energy storage technology, direct-current grid will be rapidly developed.DC micro-electric
Net will become the main power supply structure of remote mountain village and future home with it convenient for the advantages that control, high reliablity, small loss.
The characteristics of direct-current grid is the coordinated control between distributed generation resource, energy storage device and load.And existing association
Control technology is adjusted to mostly use host-slave parallel method or busbar voltage droop method.Host-slave parallel method must be main comprising master unit and from unit
Unit is responsible for stable DC busbar voltage, using Isobarically Control, uses current constant control from unit, but need to realize between each unit
High-speed traffic.Busbar voltage droop method utilizes the output electric current of each unit, changes the equivalent output resistance of each unit, and realization is flowed
Control.So far, it there is no ideal control method to photovoltaic DC micro-capacitance sensor, both can guarantee that DC bus-bar voltage is stablized
In pressure constant state, and it is able to achieve the stream output of system, matches energy supplying system well with load, energy saving, and run
Reliably.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect of the existing technology, a kind of photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordination is provided
Control device, the device not only can guarantee that DC bus-bar voltage was stablized in pressure constant state, but also be able to achieve the stream output of system, make straight
Stream micro-capacitance sensor is organically combined with bulk power grid, matches energy supplying system well with load, reliable for operation, and can be effective
Ground energy saving.
Realize that above-mentioned purpose adopts the technical scheme that: a kind of photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordination control method, including
The control of grid-connect mode and the control of direct-current grid island mode:
A. the control of grid-connect mode:
When bulk power grid operates normally, direct-current grid works under grid-connect mode, using host-slave parallel method, greatly
Grid interface circuit as master unit, secondary battery unit be equivalent to load a part, and with DC load and light
Photovoltaic array is used as from unit, and photovoltaic array interface circuit works in MPPT mode；When the energy that photovoltaic array generates is greater than direct current
When energy needed for loading, bulk power grid interface circuit works in inverter mode, dump energy in micro-capacitance sensor with unity power factor
It is transported to bulk power grid；When the energy deficiency that photovoltaic array generates, bulk power grid interface circuit works in rectification mode, and with unit
Power factor obtains electric energy out of bulk power grid；Energy balance in micro-capacitance sensor is maintained by bulk power grid interface circuit, and stablizes micro- electricity
DC bus-bar voltage in net；
B. the control of island mode:
When bulk power grid breaks down, direct-current grid works under island mode, using the sagging control of DC bus-bar voltage
Method processed:
When DC bus-bar voltage is more than the stability contorting value of setting, it is sagging that photovoltaic array interface circuit operates in voltage
Mode adjusts output electric current according to DC bus-bar voltage；When DC bus-bar voltage is below the stability contorting value of setting, photovoltaic
Array interface circuit operates in MPPT mode, realizes the maximum output of photovoltaic array electric energy；When DC bus-bar voltage is lower than setting
DC bus-bar voltage lower control limit value when, photovoltaic array output electric current reaches limitation electric current, the control of photovoltaic array interface circuit
Constant current output, if DC bus-bar voltage continues to fall, photovoltaic array interface circuit stops working；Each electric power storage in battery group
Pool unit realizes charge and discharge under the control of battery interface circuit respectively, and the threshold voltage of charge and discharge is set as the stabilization
The power shortage of controlling value, direct-current grid is provided by battery group, when DC bus-bar voltage is in preferable control range, is stored
Battery interface circuit operates in the sagging control model of voltage, the SOC based on DC bus-bar voltage and battery, and selection is filled accordingly
Discharge current；When DC bus-bar voltage is when other than preferable control range, battery group carries out charge and discharge with carrying current, with association
The energy balance of tuning DC micro-capacitance sensor；DC load is controlled by load interface circuit, and load interface circuit uses voltage and current
Double-closed-loop control structure adjusts bearing power by changing the size of load voltage.
Three-phase full-bridge inverter is arranged in the bulk power grid interface circuit, and the photovoltaic array interface circuit setting Boost becomes
Parallel operation, institute
It states battery interface circuit and two-way Boost/Buck converter is set, the load interface circuit setting Buck is converted
Device.
The three-phase full-bridge inverter controls DC bus-bar voltage using PI controller, humorous using ratio to grid-connected current
Vibration control
Device control, it is stability contorting value that DC bus-bar voltage perseverance is controlled when grid-connected.
The Boost has MPPT control and the sagging control both of which of voltage, when grid-connect mode, Boost transformation
Device work
Make in MPPT mode, the MPPT algorithm used is the variable step perturbation observation method based on PI controller；Island mode
When, when DC bus-bar voltage is higher than stability contorting value, using sagging control model, when DC bus-bar voltage is lower than stability contorting value
When, using MPPT control model, Maximum Power Output stablizes busbar voltage.
The two-way Boost/Buck converter, as load, only charging and the both of which that do not work when grid-connect mode,
SOC
Algorithm obtains suitable charging current according to battery group output voltage, and charging method uses three stage charging methods,
Current control link uses PI controller；When island mode, the two-way Boost/Buck converter operates in the sagging control of voltage
Molding formula, DC bus-bar voltage is when within preferable control range, using sagging control model.
The DC bus-bar voltage stability contorting value is set as 350V；The preferable control range setting of DC bus-bar voltage
For 340V < DC bus-bar voltage < 360V；The DC bus-bar voltage lower control limit value is set as 330V.
Photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordination control method of the invention, using host-slave parallel method and busbar voltage droop method
The control method combined, under grid-connect mode, using host-slave parallel method, using bulk power grid interface circuit as master unit, control is straight
It is constant to flow busbar voltage；Under island mode, using busbar voltage droop method, each unit is according to droop characteristic, control output electricity
Stream, maintains the energy balance of micro-capacitance sensor.To not only can guarantee that DC bus-bar voltage is stablized in pressure constant state, but also it is able to achieve system
Stream output, combines direct-current grid organically with bulk power grid, matches energy supplying system well with load, guarantees system
It unites reliable for operation, and energy loss, energy saving can be efficiently reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of photovoltaic direct current micro-grid system in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, photovoltaic direct current micro-grid system used in the present invention, by photovoltaic array 1, battery
Group 2, DC load 3, DC bus 5 and grid-connection interface system composition, the DC bus 5 pass through bulk power grid interface
Circuit is connect with bulk power grid 4.The grid-connection interface system includes the bulk power grid interface circuit, photovoltaic array interface circuit, stores
Battery interface circuit and load interface circuit.Photovoltaic array 1 by photovoltaic array interface circuit to 5 inputing power of DC bus,
Boost 6 is arranged in the photovoltaic array interface circuit, and the Boost 6 has MPPT control and the sagging control of voltage
Both of which, when 4 normal operation of bulk power grid, when photovoltaic DC micro-capacitance sensor is in grid-connect mode operation, Boost 6 works
In MPPT mode, the MPPT algorithm used is the variable step perturbation observation method based on PI controller.When bulk power grid 4 breaks down,
Photovoltaic DC micro-capacitance sensor is in island mode operation, if DC bus-bar voltage is higher than stability contorting value at this time, using sagging control
Molding formula；When DC bus-bar voltage is lower than stability contorting value, using MPPT control model, Maximum Power Output stablizes bus
Voltage, wherein the stability contorting value is usually set to 350V.Each battery distinguishes battery interface circuit in battery group 2
It is connected with DC bus 5, the function that two-way Boost/Buck converter 7,8 realizes charge and discharge is arranged in the battery interface circuit
Can, the two-way Boost/Buck converter 7,8, as load, only charging and the both of which that do not work when grid-connect mode,
SOC algorithm obtains suitable charging current according to 2 output voltage of battery group, and charging method uses three stage charging methods, electric current
Controlling unit uses PI controller；When island mode, the two-way Boost/Buck converter 7,8 operates in the sagging control of voltage
Mode, DC bus-bar voltage is when within preferable control range, using sagging control model.The bulk power grid interface circuit setting
Three-phase full-bridge inverter 10 is the key modules of photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordinated control.The three-phase full-bridge inverter 10
PI controller is used to DC bus-bar voltage, ratio resonant controller is used to grid-connected current, DC bus electricity is controlled when grid-connected
Permanent pressure is stability contorting value.The DC load 3 is connect by DC load interface circuit with the DC bus 5, described straight
Buck converter 9 is arranged in current load interface circuit, and the DC load 3 absorbs electric energy from DC bus by Buck converter 9.
The Buck converter 9 uses Double closed-loop of voltage and current structure, by changing the size of load voltage Ul, adjusts load function
Rate, voltage and current ring are all made of PI controller.
Photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordination control method of the invention, control and direct-current grid including grid-connect mode
The control both of which of island mode: when bulk power grid operates normally, direct-current grid works under grid-connect mode, using principal and subordinate
Multiple process, bulk power grid interface circuit as master unit, secondary battery unit be equivalent to load a part, and with DC load 3 and
As from unit, photovoltaic array interface circuit works in MPPT mode photovoltaic array 1；When the energy that photovoltaic array 1 generates is greater than
When energy needed for DC load 3 (when not connecing bulk power grid, DC bus-bar voltage 350V-370V), in bulk power grid interface circuit
Three-phase full-bridge inverter 10 works in inverter mode, and dump energy in micro-capacitance sensor is transported to bulk power grid 4 with unity power factor；
When the energy deficiency that photovoltaic array 1 generates (when not connecing bulk power grid 4, DC bus-bar voltage 330V-350V), bulk power grid interface
Three-phase full-bridge inverter 10 in circuit, which works in rectification mode, and with unity power factor, obtains electric energy out of bulk power grid 4；Greatly
Three-phase full-bridge inverter 10 in grid interface circuit will not only maintain the energy balance in micro-capacitance sensor, but also must stablize micro-
DC bus-bar voltage Udc=350V in power grid.
When bulk power grid breaks down, photovoltaic DC micro-capacitance sensor works under island mode, using under DC bus-bar voltage
Vertical control method: as DC bus-bar voltage (350V < Udc < 370V) more than the stability contorting value of setting, photovoltaic array is connect
Boost 6 in mouth circuit operates in the sagging mode of voltage, adjusts output electric current according to DC bus-bar voltage；Work as direct current
Below the stability contorting value of setting when (330V < Udc < 350V), the Boost in photovoltaic array interface circuit becomes busbar voltage
Parallel operation 6 operates in MPPT mode, realizes the output of maximum solar energy.When DC bus-bar voltage of the DC bus-bar voltage lower than setting
When lower control limit value (Udc < 330V), photovoltaic array 1 exports electric current Ip and reaches limitation electric current, photovoltaic array interface circuit constant current
Output, if busbar voltage continues to fall, photovoltaic array interface circuit if, stops working.Each battery list in battery group 2
Member realizes charge and discharge under the control of battery interface circuit respectively, and the threshold voltage of charge and discharge is set as the stability contorting
It is worth (350V), the power shortage of photovoltaic DC micro-capacitance sensor is provided by battery group 2；When DC bus-bar voltage (Udc) is preferably being controlled
In range processed when (340V < Udc < 360V), the two-way Boost/Buck converter 7,8 in battery interface circuit operates in electricity
Depress hang down control model, otherwise, charging and discharging currents 0.2A.Based on the SOC of DC bus-bar voltage (Udc) and battery, selection
Corresponding charging and discharging currents；When DC bus-bar voltage is at (Udc < 340V or 360V < Udc) other than preferable control range,
Battery group 2 carries out charge and discharge with carrying current, to coordinate the energy balance of direct-current grid.DC load 3 is connect by load
Buck converter 9 in mouth circuit controls, and the Buck converter 9 in load interface circuit uses Double closed-loop of voltage and current knot
Structure adjusts bearing power by changing the size of load voltage.In above-mentioned photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordination control method
In, the DC bus-bar voltage stability contorting value is generally set as 350V；The preferable control range of DC bus-bar voltage is set
It is set to 340V < DC bus-bar voltage < 360V；The DC bus-bar voltage lower control limit value is set as 30V.
Whether normal operation and d-c bus voltage value according to bulk power grid, 6 kinds of each unit can in system for direct-current grid
Energy operating mode is as shown in table 1.Wherein, mode one, mode two and mode three are three kinds of possible operating modes when being incorporated into the power networks；
Three kinds of possible operating modes when mode four, mode five and mode six are isolated operation.
The 1 possible working condition of DC micro-electric network control system of table:
Experimental example:
Based on photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy coordination control method of the invention, inventor has built system experimental platform,
Its experimental conditions is as follows:
1) grid-connect mode is tested
When system starts, photovoltaic array 1 does not work, and the two-way Boost/Buck converter 7,8 works in rectification mode,
Stablize busbar voltage, and energized to DC load 3, the work of three-phase full-bridge inverter 10 is in rectification mode, DC voltageU dc
Stationary value be 350V, load voltageU l Steady-state value be 150V, Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer A phase currentI as Peak value is about 3.9A, and
Bulk power grid side power factor meets desired effect close to unity power factor.
2) island mode is tested
Three-phase full-bridge inverter 10 is disconnected, photovoltaic DC micro-capacitance sensor operates in island mode.At this point, photovoltaic array 1 works
Under the sagging control model of busbar voltage, load voltageU l For 100V, bearing power is about 400W.DC bus-bar voltage is controlled
In 360V, Boost 6 exports electric currentI p About 1.2A, two-way Boost/Buck converter 7,8 do not work, battery group
2 output electric currentsI b =0, waveform parameter value is analyzed almost the same with more than, demonstrates the steady-state performance of island mode startup stage；
With DC load 3 consume power increase, photovoltaic array 1 under voltage hang down control mode under cannot provide enough
Energy, switch to MPPT control model, at this point, DC load voltageU l For 200V, bearing power increases to 1600W, female at this time
Line voltage is about 348V, and Boost exports electric currentI p About 3.5A, battery export electric currentI b About 3.3A.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy cooperative control device, it includes bulk power grid interface circuit, the bulk power grid interface
Three-phase full-bridge inverter is arranged in circuit, and Boost is arranged in photovoltaic array interface circuit, and the setting of battery interface circuit is two-way
Buck converter is arranged in Boost/Buck converter, load interface circuit, and the battery interface circuit is equipped with PI controller,
Be characterized in that: the bulk power grid interface circuit is equipped with ratio resonant controller；
The two-way Boost/Buck converter, as load, only charging and the both of which that do not work, SOC when grid-connect mode
Algorithm obtains suitable charging current according to battery group output voltage, and charging method uses three stage charging methods, current control
Link uses PI controller；When island mode, the two-way Boost/Buck converter operates in the sagging control model of voltage, directly
Busbar voltage is flowed when within preferable control range, using sagging control model；
When the control of island mode, when bulk power grid breaks down, direct-current grid works under island mode, using direct current mother
Line voltage droop control method: when DC bus-bar voltage is between 350V~370V, photovoltaic array interface circuit operates in electricity
Mode of hanging down is depressed, output electric current is adjusted according to DC bus-bar voltage；When DC bus-bar voltage is between 330V~350V, photovoltaic
Array interface circuit operates in MPPT mode, realizes the maximum output of photovoltaic array electric energy；When DC bus-bar voltage is lower than setting
DC bus-bar voltage lower control limit value when, photovoltaic array output electric current reaches limitation electric current, the control of photovoltaic array interface circuit
Constant current output, if DC bus-bar voltage continues to fall, photovoltaic array interface circuit stops working；Each electric power storage in battery group
Pool unit realizes charge and discharge under the control of battery interface circuit respectively, and the threshold voltage of charge and discharge is set as stability contorting
Value, the power shortage of direct-current grid is provided by battery group, when DC bus-bar voltage is in preferable control range, battery
Interface circuit operates in the sagging control model of voltage, and the SOC based on DC bus-bar voltage and battery selects corresponding charge and discharge
Electric current；When DC bus-bar voltage is when other than preferable control range, battery group carries out charge and discharge with carrying current, straight to coordinate
Flow the energy balance of micro-capacitance sensor；DC load is controlled by load interface circuit, and load interface circuit is closed using voltage and current is double
Ring control structure adjusts bearing power by changing the size of load voltage；
The preferable control range of DC bus-bar voltage is set as 340V < DC bus-bar voltage < 360V.
2. photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy cooperative control device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It states three-phase full-bridge inverter and DC bus-bar voltage is controlled using PI controller, grid-connected current is controlled using ratio resonance
Device control, it is stability contorting value that DC bus-bar voltage perseverance is controlled when grid-connected.
3. photovoltaic direct-current micro-grid energy cooperative control device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Boost becomes
Parallel operation has MPPT control and the sagging control both of which of voltage, and when grid-connect mode, Boost works in MPPT mode, adopts
MPPT algorithm is the variable step perturbation observation method based on PI controller；When island mode, DC bus-bar voltage, which is higher than, to be stablized
It is defeated using MPPT control model when DC bus-bar voltage is lower than stability contorting value using sagging control model when controlling value
Maximum power out stablizes busbar voltage.
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