CN108092601A - Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/20—Systems characterised by their energy storage means
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- H02J3/385—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Abstract
Present invention relates generally to photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral systems, it uses and implements photovoltaic inversion and energy storage with integrated scheme, control unit is used for the reverse conversion that inverter circuit module is controlled to carry out AC-to DC and exports reversed direct current, for bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module to be controlled to export to the secondary battery unit to perform charging by reversed direct current progress voltage conversion, it is additionally operable to control photovoltaic cell string formation and charges to secondary battery unit.Advocate energy storage technology being applied in grid-connected photovoltaic system, it is based upon solution photovoltaic generation and provides feasible scheme to the harmful effect that power grid is brought, energy storage inversion scheme is made to be a kind of economy scheduling for photovoltaic accesses power grid under conditions of meeting various security constraints.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, are related to photovoltaic inversion and energy storage with one
The scheme of body is implemented, and advocates energy storage technology being applied in grid-connected photovoltaic system, based on reply grid disruption or big
Area have a power failure etc. accidents and the Operation Measures of feasible scheme and urban distribution network peak load shifting are provided, it is various meeting
It is a kind of economy scheduling for photovoltaic accesses power grid to make energy storage inversion scheme under conditions of security constraint.
Background technology
The development of photovoltaic generation and the application impetus are rapid, and conventional photovoltaic installation has developed to obtain comparative maturity, according to newest number
According to almost up to ten million kilowatts of the newly-increased solar power generation installed capacity of display China in this year.Due to the output work of photo-voltaic power supply
Rate changes and acute variation with environmental factors such as intensity of illumination and temperature, increasingly strong while economy operation of power grid is influenced
Big distributed small amount installed capacity also makes power grid can't bear the heavy load.Photovoltaic generation ensures that the safety and reliability of power supply becomes day
Become important, it, can be by way of being equipped with energy storage device to grid-connected photovoltaic power station, to solve if considered from photovoltaic plant angle
Energy storage technology is applied in grid-connected photovoltaic system by the problem of photovoltaic plant output is unstable, to solve photovoltaic generation pair
The harmful effect that power grid is brought provides feasible scheme, while also improves the economy of user and power grid, is stored up based on the past
The application experience of energy inverter, industry generally believe that energy storage inverter will be following development trend.If storage is not applied on the contrary
Energy technology, grid-connected photovoltaic system is negatively affected caused by power grid will be bigger.On the one hand due to grid branch trend one
As be one-way flow, when photo-voltaic power supply access power grid after, the pattern and trend that fundamentally change system load flow become nothing
Method is predicted so that voltage adjustment is difficult to maintain, and the voltage adjusting device for even resulting in power distribution network exception response occurs, influences system
Power supply reliability.On the other hand since itself output unstability of photo-voltaic power supply, schedulability are restricted, photovoltaic generation is worked as
After system grid connection operation, system must increase the spinning reserve of respective volume, so as to reduce unit using hourage and sacrifice
The economy operation of power grid.In addition, photovoltaic electricity price with conventional electricity price there is difference so how to meet various safety about
It is also and indefinite that economy scheduling is carried out under conditions of beam to power grid.
Photovoltaic generation can be supplied family and extra electric energy is stored into battery by photovoltaic energy storage inversion system, work as battery
Power grid is automatically entered during quota again, other users use is deployed to facilitate.So pass through reasonable distribution photovoltaic, battery and power grid
Electric energy can both ensure that household electricity was self-sufficient, do not depend on power grid can also improve to greatest extent photovoltaic generate power for their own use ratio drop
Low power grid burden.The most important feature of photovoltaic generation is periodicity and fluctuation.Conventional inverter cooperation solar energy electroplax will too
It is for household use that sun can change into alternating current.But since seventy percent electricity consumption that is averaged of general family is in night, it is formed daytime too
Sun, which can generate electricity, inputs power grid, buys the process of electricity from power grid again at night.The unbalanced demand of this power generation and power consumption just needs to utilize
To intelligent micro-grid technology, formation can both be incorporated into the power networks with external electrical network, can also independent operating system.Intelligent photovoltaic stores up
Energy grid-connected system can make home electrical while electricity charge spending is saved for resident, also be utilized and believed using low price trough electric energy
Acquisition module and data analysing terminal are ceased, the long-range monitoring of client's offer and control service are provided.
In the case where light radiation intensity is big, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can be grid-connected in the photovoltaic generating system of the prior art
Power generation or off-network type provide electric energy to local load, to meet the power demand locally loaded.However in night or rainy weather
In the case that no light or illumination are weak, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter will be stopped due to noenergy inputs, and can not meet local negative
The power demand of load can not also generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.In order to solve this problem, it is typically on the basis of the photovoltaic generating system at this stage
Upper increase energy storage device so as to form photovoltaic inversion energy-storage system, to extend the working time of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, improves photovoltaic hair
Electric benefit.The increased energy storage device of specific institute includes energy-storage battery and the voltage changer being connected with the energy-storage battery, and
The voltage changer is connected with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter input terminal, and in practical application, the extra solar energy that photovoltaic battery panel generates will
After being converted by the voltage changer, store and energy-storage battery charging process is given in the energy-storage battery, work as supplying power for photovoltaic cell
When insufficient, which will be discharged by voltage changer, to meet the power demand of power grid or local load.But pass through
Lasting research is, it can be seen that for existing photovoltaic inversion energy-storage system, in the reasons such as sudden load change or photovoltaic battery panel shade
Short-time rating is caused to rise sharply when rapid drawdown, energy-storage battery will continually carry out charge and discharge switching, seriously affect energy storage
Battery life more importantly causes grid-connected voltage frequent fluctuation.
In addition it is related to management of the inverter to battery in the prior art, mainly battery management system BMS is to battery
Parameter monitored and performed in real time fault diagnosis and SOC estimations, short-circuit protection, electric leakage monitoring, display alarm and charge and discharge
Power mode selection etc., and pass through CAN bus and carry out information exchange with controller, ensure battery-efficient and reliable and safety fortune
Row.But cost problem is not only brought in field of photovoltaic power generation battery management system BMS, it is to solar photovoltaic assembly and accumulator
Between management there is no ready-made management mode.
The content of the invention
A kind of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is disclosed in an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, is had and is stored
Battery unit 200 and Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS, Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS at least have inverter circuit module 340, the inversion
The preceding step voltage that photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to PV-N or secondary battery unit 200 provide directly is reverse by circuit module 340
The alternating current that grid-connected alternating current or off-network type (off-grid) to public electric wire net (public power grid) is run.Control
Unit 320 processed controls the inversion that the inverter circuit module 340 carries out direct current to alternating current to convert, also controls the inversion
The backward voltage that circuit module 340 carries out alternating current to direct current is converted and exports reversed direct current, wherein described control unit
The reversed direct current is used to perform charging and the control photovoltaic cell group to the secondary battery unit 200 by 320 controls
Chargings of the string PV to the secondary battery unit 200.
Meet following feature in the embodiment that this can be omitted DC/DC modules.
If the first, view changed from direct current DC to alternating current AC, which can directly control
Preceding step voltage VF1Inversion to alternating current is converted, preceding step voltage VF1It need not be by DC/DC resume modules, photovoltaic energy storage inversion one
One of function of change system BSI is that the energy of photovoltaic cell/accumulator is reverse into alternating current.
If secondly, the view that changes from alternating current AC to direct current DC, described in described control unit 320 also controls
The backward voltage that inverter circuit module 340 carries out AC-to DC is converted and exports reversed direct current VB1, and by the reversed direct current
Electric VB1The secondary battery unit 200 is supplied to perform charging, function other photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI be by
The alternating current of alternating current is converted into being stored in the direct current of secondary battery unit 200.
Furthermore if the view changed from direct current DC to direct current DC, control unit 320 also controls those photovoltaics
Chargings of the battery string formation PV-1 to PV-N to the secondary battery unit 200.This means photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI
Function also reside in the direct current that the energy of photovoltaic cell is converted into being stored in secondary battery unit 200.
A kind of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is disclosed in another alternative embodiment of the invention, is had
Secondary battery unit 200 has bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 and inverter circuit module including Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS, PCS
340；The bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is at least used for photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to PV-N or secondary battery unit 200
The preceding step voltage provided carries out the so-called voltage conversion in this field (Voltage Convert) and thereby generates rear class direct current, and
Rear class direct current is supplied to inverter circuit module 340；Inverter circuit module 340 is at least used for rear class DC inverter into simultaneously
The alternating current that the alternating current or off-network type (off-grid) of net to public electric wire net (public power grid) are run.Photovoltaic
Energy storage inversion integral system BSI further includes control unit 320.
Meet subsequent following feature in this embodiment with bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330.
If the first, view changed from direct current DC to alternating current AC, which not only needs to control
Step voltage V before the bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 carries outF1To rear class direct current VF2Voltage conversion, control unit 320
The inverter circuit module 340 is also controlled to carry out rear class direct current VF2Inversion to alternating current is converted.This means photovoltaic energy storages
One of function of inversion integral system BSI is that the energy of photovoltaic cell/accumulator is reverse into alternating current.
If secondly, the view that changes from alternating current AC to direct current DC, described in described control unit 320 also controls
The backward voltage that inverter circuit module 340 carries out AC-to DC is converted and exports reversed direct current VB1And control is described two-way
DC power conversion module 330 is by the reversed direct current VB1Carry out voltage conversion output voltage VB2, and by voltage VB2It provides
To the secondary battery unit 200 to perform charging.This means the other functions of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI be by
The alternating current of alternating current is converted into being stored in the direct current of secondary battery unit 200.
Furthermore if the view changed from direct current DC to direct current DC, control unit 320 also controls those photovoltaics
Chargings of the battery string formation PV-1 to PV-N to the secondary battery unit 200.This means photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI
Function also reside in the direct current that the energy of photovoltaic cell is converted into being stored in secondary battery unit 200.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, in described control unit 320 and the secondary battery unit 200
Between establish direct communication mechanism, such as relatively compatible CAN bus communication protocol monitors institute by described control unit 320
State the electricity storage condition of secondary battery unit 200；Described control unit 320 is according to electricity storage condition decides whether notice
Photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to PV-N or described Bidirectional variable-flow units PCS stops or starts to provide to the secondary battery unit 200
Energy is specifically meant that：When the low battery of the secondary battery unit 200 is extremely also lower than low pressure threshold, then the control is single
Member 320 should start photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to the PV-N or described Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS to the secondary battery unit
200 offer energy, and the then described control unit when the electricity of the secondary battery unit 200 crosses up to also higher than HVT high voltage threshold
320 should implement to stop photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to the PV-N or described Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS to the accumulator list
Member 200 provides energy.In optional rather than necessary embodiment, photovoltaic cell string formation PV and Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS and electric power storage
Turn-off module/relay driven by control unit 320 etc., therefore photovoltaic cell string formation PV can be set between pool unit 200
And whether Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS can control connection or the pass of turn-off module/relay to the offer energy of secondary battery unit 200
Break to realize.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, every a string of photovoltaic cell string formation PV is connected by multiple series connection
The photovoltaic cell 101 connect is formed, and every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is each equipped with performing the voltage conversion electricity of maximum power tracing MPPT
Road 100；Wherein, the voltage with every piece of 101 corresponding voltage conversion circuit 100 of photovoltaic cell output characterizes the photovoltaic cell
101 provide the virtual voltage on the photovoltaic cell string formation PV.It is and total on arbitrary a string of photovoltaic cell string formation PV
Voltage is equal to the stack result for the voltage that voltage conversion circuit 100 all among it exports, actually this stack result just
It is the tandem voltage value of a string of photovoltaic cell string formation PV.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, described control unit 320 control the photovoltaic cell string formation pair
The mode that the secondary battery unit 200 charges is：Described control unit 320 notifies every block of light in the photovoltaic cell string formation
Voltage conversion circuit 100 corresponding to volt battery 101 adjusts voltage and/or electric current that it is exported, until each photovoltaic
The tandem voltage value of battery string formation PV is adjusted to predetermined voltage range and/or tandem electric current is adjusted to predetermined electric current model
It encloses, in general, either a string or more string photovoltaic cell string formation PV of tandem voltage value is applied to the electric power storage
After pool unit 200, should meet provided voltage in the range of the nominal charging voltage of the secondary battery unit 200 and
Charging current should meet the rated current scope of the secondary battery unit 200.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, since described control unit 320 needs to control the photovoltaic electric
The even more other parameter of the tandem voltage value of pond string formation PV, it is especially described in order to meet the communication need between them
Control unit 320 sends the voltage conversion circuit 100 voltage that voltage conversion circuit 100 described in designated command adjusts output
Or during current value, the voltage conversion circuit 100 and described control unit 320 are each each equipped with carrier wave sending module and carrier wave
Receiving module so that described control unit 320 can by way of power line carrier, PLC with each photovoltaic cell string formation
Voltage conversion circuit 100 in PV corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 establishes communication.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, the carrier wave sending module 310 that described control unit 320 configures
It is sent with the carrier wave that is coupled to the photovoltaic cell string formation PV on the transmission line of the Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS is arranged on
Transformer TC, carrier wave transmission transformer TCEffect be exactly：Carrier pulse is for example sent in transformer by described control unit 320
Primary side winding, the secondary windings of transformer is because be connected on transmission line carrier pulse is also coupled to transmission line
On, then the carrier receiving module that the voltage conversion circuit 100 carries can sense carrier pulse from transmission line.Separately
The carrier receiving module CT that outer described control unit 320 configures carries the detection unit and wave filter of such as air core coil, inspection
It surveys unit to be used to monitor the carrier information on the transmission line, wave filter is used to extract to have from carrier information to specify frequency
The carrier signal for carrying data of rate scope not may is that clutter or relevant in other carrier informations of designated frequency range
Noise and need to filter out.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 100 are applied to it
Output capacitance COOn, and switch S is provided in the voltage conversion circuit 100E, and output capacitance COWith its switch SE
It is connected in series.The switch S of the voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being switched on, the voltage conversion circuit 100 is received photovoltaic
The photovoltaic voltage that battery generates gives voltage conversion and exports in output capacitance COOn, 100 body of voltage conversion circuit described in this stage
It is a normal electric pressure converter (voltage converter) to reveal, and can export more normal steady voltage value；Institute
State the switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being turned off, the voltage conversion circuit 100 is by output drive pulse rather than steadily
Voltage value, cause is：The pulse width modulating signal PWM of the voltage conversion circuit 100 is driven to force the institute at this moment
With the frequency of pulse width modulating signal Spline smoothing occurs for the voltage for stating the output of voltage conversion circuit 100, the voltage
The step voltage that conversion circuit 100 exports is considered as driving pulse, and the voltage conversion circuit 100 is by the saltus step between low and high level
Driving pulse, which is coupled on the transmission line for having concatenated the photovoltaic cell string formation, is used as carrier signal, it is evident that this stage institute
State that voltage conversion circuit 100 embodies is not a normal electric pressure converter (voltage converter), can not be exported
More normal steady voltage value, the pulse width modulating signal for driving the voltage conversion circuit 100 at this time is originally to be used for
MPPT calculations are performed, but due to switching SEBeing turned off causes pulse width modulating signal PWM to become the source that driving pulse generates
Head.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, the carrier receiving module that the voltage conversion circuit 100 configures
Detection unit and wave filter with such as Roche air core coil, detection unit are used to monitor the carrier wave on the transmission line
Information, wave filter is for the carrier signal that carries data of the extraction with designated frequency range from carrier information.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI, described control unit 320 are controlled the photovoltaic cell string formation
Tandem voltage value when charging for the secondary battery unit 200, by the output current for controlling the voltage conversion circuit 100
The DC current that the secondary battery unit 200 is applied to when sizes values are to ensure charging is constant or the control voltage turns
Apply when changing the sizes values of the output voltage of circuit 100 and further controlling the sizes values of the tandem voltage value to ensure charging
It is constant to the DC voltage of the secondary battery unit 200.
In another embodiment, the present invention discloses the energy storage method based on photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system, often
The photovoltaic cell string formation PV that goes here and there is made of the photovoltaic cell 101 of multiple series connection, and every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is each equipped with performing most
The voltage conversion circuit 100 of high-power tracking MPPT is exported with every piece of 101 corresponding voltage conversion circuit 100 of photovoltaic cell
Voltage characterizes the photovoltaic cell 101 and provides the virtual voltage on the photovoltaic cell string formation PV；Described control unit 320 controls
To the secondary battery unit 200 carry out charging energy-storing method be：First by described control unit 320 and the secondary battery unit
200 establish communication, and as described in described control unit 320 analyzes electricity storage condition and the judgement of the secondary battery unit 200
Whether secondary battery unit 200, which needs, is charged；If necessary to then selection of charging by the described two-way straight of the Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS
The reversed direct current is carried out voltage conversion and exported to the secondary battery unit 200 to perform charging by galvanic electricity conversion module 330,
Or selection charges to secondary battery unit 200 by photovoltaic cell string formation PV.
Above-mentioned method, the voltage conversion circuit 100 and described control unit 320 be each equipped with carrier wave sending module and
Carrier receiving module, described control unit 320 pass through power carrier PLC and every block of light in each photovoltaic cell string formation PV
It lies prostrate the voltage conversion circuit 100 corresponding to battery 101 and establishes communication；It is selected in described control unit 320 by the photovoltaic cell
When string formation PV charges to the secondary battery unit 200：Described control unit 320 notifies the photovoltaic electric by carrier signal
The size of the voltage of the adjustment output of voltage conversion circuit 100 in the string formation PV of pond corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell 101, until described
The tandem voltage value of photovoltaic cell string formation PV is adjusted to predetermined voltage range.
Above-mentioned method, it is described that described control unit 320, which is controlled the tandem voltage value of the photovoltaic cell string formation PV,
Secondary battery unit charge when, by control the voltage conversion circuit 100 output current sizes values to ensure charging when
The DC current for being applied to the secondary battery unit 200 is constant or protected by controlling the sizes values of the tandem voltage value
Barrier is applied to the secondary battery unit 200 DC voltage when charging is constant.
Above-mentioned method, the carrier wave sending module that described control unit 320 configures are carried and are arranged on the photovoltaic cell
The carrier wave that string formation is coupled on the transmission line of the Bidirectional variable-flow unit sends transformer；The carrier wave of described control unit configuration
Receiving module CT carries detection unit and wave filter, and detection unit is used to monitor the carrier information on the transmission line,
Wave filter is for the carrier signal that carries data of the extraction with designated frequency range from carrier information.
Above-mentioned method, the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 100 are applied to its output capacitance COOn, and institute
It states and switch S is provided in voltage conversion circuit 100E, and output capacitance COWith its switch SESeries connection；The institute in the first pattern
State the switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being switched on, the photovoltaic voltage that the voltage conversion circuit 100 is received gives electricity
Pressure conversion output is in output capacitance COOn；The switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100 in second of patternEWhen being turned off, the electricity
Voltage conversion circuit 100 by between low and high level the driving pulse of saltus step be coupled to and concatenated the transmission of the photovoltaic cell string formation PV
It is come from circuit as carrier signal, driving pulse：The pulse width modulation of the voltage conversion circuit 100 is driven at this moment
Step change occurs with the frequency of pulse width modulating signal for the voltage that signal forces the voltage conversion circuit 100 to export
Change, the step voltage of output is considered as driving pulse.
Above-mentioned method, the carrier receiving module CT that voltage conversion circuit 100 configures, which is carried, is similar to air core coil etc
Detection unit and wave filter, detection unit be used to monitoring carrier information on the transmission line, wave filter be used for from
The carrier signal that carries data of the extraction with designated frequency range in carrier information.
Description of the drawings
Read it is described further below and with reference to the following drawings after, feature and advantage of the invention will be evident：
Fig. 1 is the photovoltaic cell direct current of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system to the exemplary applications schematic diagram of alternating current.
Fig. 2 is the Bidirectional variable-flow unit alternating current of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system to the example schematic of direct current.
Fig. 3 is that the photovoltaic cell direct current of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system is the example schematic that accumulator charges.
Fig. 4 is the direct current of the secondary battery unit of photovoltaic energy storage inversion system to the example schematic of alternating current.
Fig. 5 is the example schematic for the voltage conversion that bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module is realized from rear class to prime.
Fig. 6 is the example schematic to charge in photovoltaic energy storage inversion system for the accumulator array of substantial amounts.
Fig. 7 is photovoltaic cell and the example schematic of control unit two-way communication in photovoltaic energy storage inversion system.
Fig. 8 is the example schematic that Bidirectional variable-flow unit is not provided with any DC-to-DC voltage modular converter.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with each embodiment, technical scheme is clearly completely illustrated, but described reality
It is only the present invention embodiment not all with the embodiment being described herein used in explanation to apply example, based on such embodiment, this field
The scheme that is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made of technical staff belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, simplified photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is the basis of photovoltaic generating system, and photovoltaic group is shown in figure
Basic multiple battery string formation PV-1 to PV-N are installed, N is natural number, and each optical crosstalk lies prostrate battery string formation in part array PV-ARR
PV is made of multiple photovoltaic cells 101 being connected in series, and every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is each equipped with performing maximum power tracing
The voltage conversion circuit 100 of MPPT.The voltmeter exported in fact with every piece of 101 corresponding voltage conversion circuit 100 of photovoltaic cell
It levies the photovoltaic cell 101 and the virtual voltage on photovoltaic cell string formation PV is provided, it is assumed that arbitrary a string of photovoltaic cell string formation PV
The photovoltaic cell 101 of first order photovoltaic cell 101, second level photovoltaic cell 101 ... up to M grades is serially connected with, M is certainly here
So number, wherein first order voltage conversion circuit 100 are used to the photovoltaic electric potential source of first order photovoltaic cell 101 performing maximum power
It tracks and carries out voltage conversion and export V1, class is pushed into M step voltages conversion circuit 100 for by M grades of photovoltaic cell 101
Photovoltaic electric potential source perform maximum power tracing and carry out voltage conversion and export VM, can learn any one optical crosstalk volt battery pack
Total tandem voltage is equal on string PV：The voltage V that first order voltage conversion circuit 100 exports1In addition second level voltage conversion
The voltage V that circuit 100 exports2The voltage ... exported along with third level voltage conversion circuit 100 is until be added to M grades
The voltage V that voltage conversion circuit 100 exportsM, equal to V1+V2+……VM.Voltage conversion circuit 100 can be boosting BOOST, drop
Press BUCK or buck BUCK-BOOST circuits, it is necessary to be directed to photovoltaic electric with disclosed, it is emphasized that disclosing in the prior art
Any scheme of the maximum power tracing in pond is equally applicable to the voltage conversion circuit 100 of the application, therefore the application is no longer single
It is solely how to perform the scheme of maximum power tracing to be repeated to voltage conversion circuit 100.
Referring to Fig. 1, photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system Battery Storage Inverter system are in the application
Context in will be called BSI, energy storage inversion system BSI and photovoltaic module array PV-ARR for short and match, energy storage inversion
The energy of photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is reverse into alternating current or is converted into being stored in by the alternating current of alternating current by system BSI
The energy of direct current or photovoltaic module array PV-ARR in accumulator is converted into being stored in the direct current in accumulator, because
The energy for accumulators store, so the energy of accumulator can also be reverse into alternating current by energy storage inversion system BSI.On daytime
In the case that irradiation intensity is big, energy storage inversion system BSI can be generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems with photovoltaic assembly array PV-ARR or off-network is to local
Load provides electric energy, and to meet the power demand locally loaded, in the case of night no light or rainy weather, energy storage is inverse
The increased energy storage devices of change system BSI form additional energy source, extend the working time of photovoltaic inversion, improve power generation effect
Benefit.The practical application meaning of obvious energy storage inversion system BSI is very huge, and it is prominent can to tackle grid disruption or large-area power-cuts etc.
Hair event can also undertake the scheduling of power grid peak load shifting.The alternating current for being injected into public electric wire net can be other power consumptions user
Power supply, the alternating current of off-network type operation is more then that power generation side generates power for their own use and need not alternating current be injected into public electric wire net,
Notice that power generation side is grid-connected can and to deposit to public electric wire net or the operation of off-network type, it can grid-connected and itself power consumption when electricity is abundant
It can then be run when measuring big using off-network type alone.
There is the secondary battery unit 200 as energy storage device, further include Bidirectional variable-flow referring to Fig. 1, energy storage inversion system BSI
Unit PCS, Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS become in order to mutually switch between direct current and alternating current with bidirectional, dc electricity
Change the mold block 330 and inverter circuit module 340.Photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 is to PV-N parallel connections to bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330
Power supply, specifically, it is assumed that bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 has one group of first input end NP1With the second input terminal NP2, then
The equivalent anode for the tandem voltage that first optical crosstalk volt battery string formation PV-1 is provided is connected to the of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330
One input terminal NP1, the equivalent cathode for the tandem voltage that the first optical crosstalk volt battery string formation PV-1 is provided is connected to bidirectional, dc electricity conversion
Second input terminal N of module 330P2, according to the tandem voltage of the last N of identical principle photovoltaic cell string formation PV-N gone here and there
Equivalent anode is connected to the first input end N of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330P1And the photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 of N strings is carried
The equivalent cathode of the tandem voltage of confession is also connected to the second input terminal N of the two-way DC power conversion module 330P2, this namely photovoltaic
Component powering mode in parallel after first connecting.
Referring to Fig. 1, power supply of the bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 except photovoltaic module array PV-ARR supplies can be received
Energy, it may also receive from the energy of the supply of secondary battery unit 200, the equivalent anode of secondary battery unit 200 and wait at this time
Effect cathode can be connected respectively to first input end NP1With the second input terminal NP2.Then bidirectional, dc electricity in Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS
Conversion module 330 by photovoltaic module array PV-ARR (battery string formation PV-1 to PV-N) provide either by secondary battery unit
The 200 preceding step voltage V providedF1The voltage conversion Voltage Convert for carrying out this field thereby generate rear class direct current VF2,
Step voltage V before paying attention toF1With rear step voltage VF2All it is direct current.Bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 can be based on boosting
BOOST, the circuit for being depressured BUCK or buck BUCK-BOOST, so preceding step voltage VF1With rear step voltage VF2In the two the former
It is bigger than the latter or it is small be all option.Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS is also equipped with direct current except possessing the conversion function of DC to DC
To alternating current or alternating current to the conversion function of direct current, after the inverter circuit module 340 that is set in Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS receives
Grade direct current VF2Afterwards, inverter circuit module 340 is again by rear class direct current VF2It is reverse into grid-connected to public electric wire net (public
Power grid) alternating current, the public for supplying power grid uses or by rear step voltage VF2It is reverse into other off-network types
(off-grid) alternating current of operation, the alternating current of off-network type need not be grid-connected, can generate power for their own use or supply small-scale use
Person.Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI further includes control unit 320, and control unit 320 is configured with various types of processors, double
It drives to hold to DC power conversion module 330 is typically the pulse width modulating signal all the way that is sent by control unit 320
Row DC/DC voltage conversions, inverter circuit module 340 are generally also the another way pulse width modulation sent by control unit 320
Signal drives, so as to performing the voltage conversion of DC-AC DC/AC or AC-DC AC/DC.
Referring to Fig. 1, if considered from the Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS Section 1 functions of possessing：From direct current DC to alternating current
The conversion function of AC, control unit 320 control bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 to carry out preceding step voltage VF1To rear class direct current
VF2Voltage conversion, preceding step voltage V hereF1It is that photovoltaic module array PV-ARR is provided or secondary battery unit 200 provides
Voltage.And control unit 320 controls step voltage V after 340 progress of inverter circuit moduleF2Inversion to alternating current AC is converted,
This means：One of function of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is to be reverse into the energy of photovoltaic cell or accumulator
Alternating current.
Referring to Fig. 2, if considered from the Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS Section 2 functions of possessing：From alternating current AC to direct current
The voltage conversion function of DC, the backward voltage that control unit 320 controls inverter circuit module 340 to carry out exchange AC to direct current are converted
And export reversed direct current VB1, i.e. alternating current is converted into backward voltage V by inverter circuit module 340B1, control unit 320 also controls
Bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is by reversed direct current VB1Carry out DC/DC voltage conversions and output voltage VB2, by voltage VB2
Secondary battery unit 200 is supplied to perform charging.This means：Photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI functions also reside in by
Alternating current is converted into being stored in the direct current on accumulator.
Referring to Fig. 3, if considered from the Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS Section 3 functions of possessing：Control unit 320 also controls light
Chargings of the battery string formation PV-1 to PV-N to secondary battery unit 200 is lied prostrate, this charging must take into consideration control unit 320 and voltage is turned
Change the control of circuit 100, although because accumulator there are many kinds of charging method, most basic and most compatible is that this field is common
Constant voltage charging method, constant current charging method, constant voltage constant current charging mode, these three schemes or other alternative solution are at this
Core in application implements means and is that each voltage conversion circuit of the control unit 320 to each optical crosstalk volt battery string formation PV
100 control is realized.This means：The function of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system BSI is also resided in photovoltaic cell
Energy is converted into being stored in the direct current on accumulator.
Referring to Fig. 3, in an optional embodiment, the chopping switch S11 and common mode of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330
Inductance L11 is connected in series in first input end NP1With the first intermediate node NP3Between, chopping switch S12 and common mode inductance L12 strings
Connection is connected to the second input terminal NP2With the second intermediate node NP4Between.In first input end NP1With the second input terminal NP2Between connect
Capacitance C1 is connected to, in the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between be connected with capacitance C2.And also in chopping switch
The interconnecting nodes of S11 and common mode inductance L11 between the two and another interconnection sections of chopping switch S12 and common mode inductance L12 between the two
Switch S2 is connected between point, e.g. boost continued flow switch.It must be emphasized that bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 is in Fig. 3
In embodiment merely to illustrate illustrate its effect, do not represent bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 and shall be limited only in Fig. 3
Topological structure, arbitrary BOOST, the circuit for being depressured BUCK or buck BUCK-BOOST can substitute topology in Fig. 3
Structure.
Referring to Fig. 3, we explain the effect of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, and bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 can
Will provide in first input end NP1With the second input terminal NP2Between preceding step voltage VF1It is to carry out voltage conversion, generation is located at
First intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between rear class direct current VF2.Wherein power becomes mold changing from bidirectional, dc electricity
The prime of block 330 flows to the operation principle of rear class：Chopping switch S11 and S12 are in high frequency chopping on off state, chopping switch
S11 and S12 are switched on or off simultaneously, and common mode inductance L11 and L12 are filled when chopping switch S11 and S12 are in opening state
Electricity switchs S2 and is off state at this time.When chopping switch S11 and S12 are off state, common mode inductance L11's and L12
The switch S2 afterflows that electric current passes through connection.Notice that synchro switch S7 is high using the Phase synchronization opposite with chopping switch S11 and S12
Frequency switchs.In addition, inverter circuit module 340 is received from the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between voltage,
Inverter circuit module 340 is a typical H bridge type inverter in figure, the arm switch for the H bridges that inverter circuit module 340 carries
Pipe is in power frequency on off state, it is therefore an objective to H bridge type inverter be made to commutate the electric current of common mode inductance L11 and L12, realize that exchange is defeated
The reversal gone out.
Referring to Fig. 5, continue to explain the effect of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 can
Will provide in the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between reversed direct current VB1Reverse voltage conversion is carried out,
It generates and is located at first input end NP1With the second input terminal NP2Between output voltage VB2.Wherein power is converted from bidirectional, dc electricity
The rear class of module 330 flows to the operation principle of prime：Switching tube S2 is in high frequency boosted switch state, when switching tube S2 is connected
It charges to common mode inductance L11 and L12, chopping switch S11 and S12 necessarily are in off state at this time, when switching tube S2 is closed
The electric current of common mode inductance L11 and L12 carry out afterflow by the chopping switch S11 and switch S12 of connection when disconnected, by the first middle node
Point NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between reversed direct current VB1First input end N is provided after carrying out backward voltage conversionP1With
Two input terminal NP2Between output voltage VB2Namely it realizes and transmits electricity to DC side.Obtain the first intermediate node NP3Among second
Node NP4Between reversed direct current VB1：Electric main is transformed into the anti-of direct current by the H bridge type inverter of inverter circuit module 340
To direct current VB1.Output voltage VB2In addition to it can be supplied to user directly as DC power supply, it can be also used for as electric power storage
Pool unit 200 charges.
Referring to Fig. 3, in bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, chopping switch S11 and S12 turn on and off and afterflow
The pulse-width signal exported by control unit 320 that turns on and off of the switch S2 of booster circuit drives to realize.And H bridges
The conversion that the arm switch pipe of formula inverter carries out DC/AC or AC/DC is also that the pulse-width signal exported by control unit 320 drives
It moves to realize.Due to by pulse-width signal these switches being driven to belong to the prior art, the application is no longer repeated,
Arbitrary switch modulation scheme is suitable for the application in the prior art.
Referring to Fig. 4, in the weak weather of the irradiation intensities such as night or wet weather, the electricity stored using secondary battery unit 200 is represented
It measures and powers for bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 will be provided in first input end NP1With second
Input terminal NP2Between preceding step voltage VF1It is to carry out voltage conversion, generates and be located at the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node
NP4Between rear class direct current VF2.In order to prove the diversity of the topology of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, the embodiment and Fig. 3's
Difference lies in：Chopping switch S11 and common mode inductance L11 are connected in series in first input end NP1With the first intermediate node NP3Between,
In the second input terminal NP2With the second intermediate node NP4Between be direct-coupled without setting any switch or inductance.Copped wave
The switch S2 for switching S11 and the freewheeling circuit that boosts is still opposite in phase.Power is from the prime of bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330
Flow to the operation principle of rear class：Chopping switch S11 is in high frequency chopping on off state, when chopping switch S11 is in opening state
When to common mode inductance L11 charge, switch S2 shut-off；When chopping switch S11 is off state, the electric current of common mode inductance L11
Pass through the switch S2 afterflows of connection.The rear class of power from bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330 flows to the operation principle of prime：Switch
S2 is in high frequency boosted switch state, charges when switching tube S2 is connected to common mode inductance L11, at this time chopping switch S11
It must turn off, the electric current of common mode inductance L11 is realized by the chopping switch S11 afterflows of connection to straight when switching tube S2 is turned off
Flow side transmission of electricity.
Referring to Fig. 4, in order to prove the diversity of 340 topology of inverter circuit module, H bridge type inverter is replaced by three-phase bridge
Formula all controlled rectifier circuit, three-phase full-bridge controlled rectifier will come from the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between
Voltage VF2It is reverse into three-phase alternating current namely realizes DC to AC；Or three-phase full-bridge controlled rectifier is anti-by three-phase alternating current
To being converted into the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between reversed direct current VB1Namely realize AC to DC.Three-phase
The pulsewidth modulation that the ON/OFF of the arm switch pipe for the H bridges that bridge-type all controlled rectifier circuit carries still is exported by control unit 320
Signal drives to realize.
Referring to Fig. 6, it is by taking single secondary battery unit as an example in embodiments above, but in practice to provides enough
The array CELL-ARR that big electricity is often formed using multiple secondary battery units 200, such as the storage of automobile and other industries purposes
Array CELL-ARR contains the secondary battery unit 200 of the series connection of substantial amounts.In some optional but nonessential embodiments
In, control unit 320 can control each optical crosstalk volt battery string formation PV to correspond to corresponding one in accumulator array CELL-ARR
A or certain a part of secondary battery unit 200 charges, thus in accumulator array CELL-ARR these substantial amounts electricity
Pond can more the charging of equilibrium, the time that mutual electricity is full of also be not much different each other.
Referring to Fig. 7, each voltage conversion circuit 100 corresponds to and a photovoltaic cell 101 is in parallel, the light of photovoltaic cell 101
The photovoltaic electric potential source that electricity reaction generates exports again after implementing MPPT by voltage conversion circuit 100, that is to say, that charges in accumulator
Stage, if attempting to influence the voltage/current of the output of voltage conversion circuit 100 as a result, them is allowed to reach set at PCS ends
Desired value must just establish communication, especially by photovoltaic module array PV- between voltage conversion circuit 100 and control unit 320
ARR is the stage that accumulator charges.The detection module that the control unit 320 of two-way inverter PCS carries is not illustrated in figure
Out, detection module is frequently used in common header box or inverter, mainly monitors the tandem electric current I of battery string formation PVSTR
And/or the tandem voltage of sensing and computing battery string formation PV, Hall sensor are the strings that battery string formation PV is detected in detection module
Grade electric current and the electric current induction mode that is commonly used, in addition, also what deserves to be explained is, it is any in the prior art to examine
The means for measuring or calculating tandem electric current/tandem voltage of battery string formation PV are suitable for two-way inverter PCS and its control
Unit 320.
Referring to Fig. 7, actually control unit 320 possesses functional, the secondary battery unit 200 of battery management system BMS
In per batteries terminal voltage and general measure point temperature be control unit 320 needs monitor in real time, secondary battery unit 200
Battery parameter is monitored in real time, fault diagnosis, SOC are estimated, electricity is estimated, short-circuit protection and electric leakage are monitored and shown and report
Alert, charge and discharge mode selection etc., is performed by control unit 320, thus control unit 320 should and secondary battery unit
Direct communication mechanism, such as relatively compatible CAN bus communication protocol are established between 200.Control unit 320 is to accumulator list
Management such as real-time tracking battery operation state and the parameter detecting of member 200：Acquisition battery charging condition in real time, gathered data
There is a battery total voltage, battery total current, battery measuring point temperature and monomer module cell voltage etc. in each battery case, due to having
A little situation batteries are all used in series, so these parameters is real-time, measurement fast and accurately be battery management system just
The basis often run.Such as remaining capacity estimation：The estimation of state-of-charge (SOC) has been to make PCS ends and user timely
Understand battery system operation conditions, gather the parameters such as charging and discharging currents, voltage in real time, and pass through corresponding algorithm and carry out remaining electricity
The estimation of amount.And charge and discharge control：Charge and discharge to battery are controlled according to the state-of-charge of battery, when some parameter is exceeded such as
When monomer battery voltage is too high or too low, to ensure the performance of the normal use and performance of battery pack, system by block system relay,
Stop energy supply and the release of battery.The electricity storage condition of secondary battery unit 200 is monitored by control unit 320, control is single
Member 320 decides whether that photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to PV-N or Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS is notified to stop according to electricity storage condition
Or start to secondary battery unit 200 and energy is provided, specifically it is meant that：Secondary battery unit 200 low battery to than low pressure
Then control unit 320 should start photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to PV-N or Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS to electric power storage when threshold value is also low
The offer energy of pool unit 200, and then control unit 320 when the electricity of secondary battery unit 200 crosses up to also higher than HVT high voltage threshold
It should implement to stop photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to PV-N or Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS to the offer energy of secondary battery unit 200.
It is real in this application in order to establish two-way communication between voltage conversion circuit 100 and control unit 320 referring to Fig. 7
The means of applying are：The transmission first carrier of control unit 320 signal (such as it contains instructed voltage conversion circuit 100 and exports predetermined mesh
The instruction of target voltage/current) it is coupled on the transmission line of connection photovoltaic cell string formation PV and PCS, just allow for photovoltaic
All photovoltaic cells 101 and its voltage conversion circuit 100 are connected by transmission line in battery string formation PV-1, and transmission line
The equivalent anode of photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 is connected to first input end N by roadP1The second input terminal is connected to by its equivalent cathode
NP2, so first carrier signal is coupled to any one battery string formation PV voltages all of the above when being broadcasted on transmission line
Conversion circuit 100 can listen to.The mode that first carrier signal is broadcast on transmission line by control unit 320 has more in fact
Kind, in order to which carrier wave is unlikely to the normal work of influence PCS, the carrier wave sending module 310 that transformer type can be used carries transformer
TC.Control unit 320 will need to be transferred to the data of voltage conversion circuit 100 by carrier wave sending module 310 with first carrier
The form of signal is broadcast on transmission line, transformer TCEffect be just embodied in：Control unit 320 passes through carrier wave sending module
The carrier pulse for carrying first carrier signal is sent in transformer T by 310CPrimary side winding, transformer TCSecondary windings because
It is connected on transmission line so also carrier pulse is also coupled on transmission line, transformer TCEffect be exactly by carrier wave coupling
Close the medium on transmission line.So far control unit 320 broadcasts out first carrier signal as sender, makees
It can be sensed for the carrier receiving module CT that recipient's voltage conversion circuit 100 carries from transmission line and listen to carrier wave arteries and veins
Punching.Voltage conversion circuit 100 is configured with the processor 105 for driving its BUCK, BOOST or BUCK-BOOST circuit, processor
105 transmission pulse width modulating signal PWM carry out the decompression, boosting or buck-boost type conversion circuit of driving voltage conversion circuit 100,
Pulse width modulating signal PWM drivings decompression, boosting or buck-boost type conversion circuit perform MPPT and belong to known technology, the application
To it, it will not go into details.The carrier receiving module CT bands that voltage conversion circuit 100 carries are just like the detection unit of Roche air core coil
And wave filter, detection unit are used to monitor the carrier information on transmission line, transmission line generally passes through Roche air core coil
Center, wave filter are used for the first carrier signal that carries data of the extraction with designated frequency range from the carrier information,
Because on transmission line in addition to there is the carrier pulse for carrying first carrier signal of expected broadcast there is likely to be
Various other unpredictable frequency spectrum pulses do not carry then in other of designated frequency range namely first carrier signal frequency range
Ripple information may is that clutter so needing to fall by filters filter.The wave filter that carrier receiving module CT is carried is by real
One carrier signal is conveyed to first carrier signal processor 105, and processor 105 is after the instruction of the transmission of control unit 320 is received
List can be controlled according to instructing the output voltage for re-modulating voltage conversion circuit 100 and/or electric current or can also carry out
Other meanings representated by instructions that member 320 is sent, such as close down/dormancy voltage conversion circuit 100 or restart voltage conversion
Circuit 100 etc..
Referring to Fig. 7, it is with the voltage conversion circuit 100 for carrying three sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1,100-2 and 100-3
Example comes the working mechanism of account for voltage conversion circuit 100, it is necessary to which explanation, embodiment part here is just for the sake of work
It is example without forming any specific limitation.It is assumed that voltage conversion circuit 100 has quantity and the battery strings of photovoltaic cell 101
The consistent BUCK/BOOST/BUCK-BOOST circuits of quantity, every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 is also that photovoltaic module has in fact in figure
Three battery strings (Photovoltaic cell string) 101-1,101-2 and 101-3, neutron voltage conversion circuit 100-
The voltage of 1 couple of battery strings 101-1 carries out voltage conversion, and sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-2 carries out electricity to the voltage of battery strings 101-2
Pressure conversion, sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-3 carry out voltage conversion, three sub- voltage conversion circuits to the voltage of battery strings 101-3
The result for the voltage superposition that 100-1,100-2 and 100-3 are each exported is only the total voltage value of the output of voltage conversion circuit 100.
It from the battery strings 101-1 voltage execution MPPT received is calculated and carries out conversion output at it by sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1
An output capacitance CO1On, there is sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-2 that it is performed MPPT from the battery strings 101-2 voltages received
It calculates and carries out conversion output in its an output capacitance CO2On, sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-3 is by it from battery strings 101-3
The voltage of reception performs MPPT and calculates and carry out conversion output in its an output capacitance CO3On, in voltage conversion circuit 100
The output capacitance C of each sub- voltage conversion circuitO1、CO2And CO3It is all cascaded, by the output capacitance C of series connectionO1~CO3
On the voltage that is superimposed total output voltage of voltage conversion circuit 100 is provided.It is arbitrary at least in voltage conversion circuit 100
Set there are one controls to switch S in sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1E, and switch S with the controlEArbitrary level-one sub- voltage turn
Change its output capacitance C in circuit 100-1O1Corresponding and its control switch SESeries connection, specifically, the sub- voltage conversion circuit of the first order
The output voltage of 100-1 is exported in its one group of first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between, its output capacitance
CO1It is connected to the first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between namely the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order it is defeated
Go out voltage output in output capacitance CO1On, then control switch SEWith output capacitance CO1It is connected on the first output node NO1With
Two output node NO2Between.In other option, voltage conversion circuit 100 can only possess the sub- voltage conversion electricity of the first order
Road 100-1, other second level and the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-2 and 100-3 of the third level are cast out, at this time battery strings
101-1,101-2 and 101-3 are considered as the photovoltaic module of an entirety, then as long as the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order connects
Receive the voltage of the positive and negative interpolar of photovoltaic module and carry out MPPT voltage conversions can, output capacitance C at this timeO2~CO3Naturally also
It is not present, the output voltage of the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order is exported in output capacitance CO1On be equal to voltage conversion electricity
Total output voltage on road 100.
Referring to Fig. 7, it is contemplated that the law of electric charges of battery has the modes such as constant pressure, constant current, constant current constant voltage, and control unit 320 is controlled
The mode that photovoltaic cell string formation PV processed charges to secondary battery unit 200 is：Control unit 320 pushes first carrier signal and comes
Being broadcast on transmission line notifies the voltage conversion circuit 100 in photovoltaic cell string formation PV corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell 101 to adjust
The specific scope of the whole voltage and/or electric current that it is exported, this voltage and/or electric current can also be carried in first carrier signal
In, until each photovoltaic cell string formation PV for charging tandem voltage value be adjusted to predetermined voltage range and/or
Predetermined current range is adjusted to for the tandem electric current of charging.In general, either a string or the photovoltaic electric gone here and there more
After tandem voltage value/tandem electric current of pond string formation PV is applied to secondary battery unit 200, provided charging voltage should be met
In the range of the nominal charging voltage of secondary battery unit 200 and charging current should meet the specified electricity of secondary battery unit 200
Flow scope.Control unit 320 has been described above to be broadcast on transmission line to turn voltage by the push of carrier wave sending module 310
The mode that circuit 100 assigns instruction is changed, voltage conversion circuit 100 needs response control unit 320 to tell control unit 320
It has received order and replys control unit 320, and can also convert the voltage into circuit 100 as option and be obtained according to instruction
Data return to control unit 320, at this time as slave voltage conversion circuit 100 be also required to send the second carrier signal to biography
On defeated circuit, it is achieved that if control unit 320 has listened to the second carrier signal from transmission line, between them two-way
Communication.
Referring to Fig. 7, the output voltage of the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order is exported defeated in voltage conversion circuit 100
Go out capacitance CO1On, control switchs S in voltage conversion circuit 100 at this timeEWith output capacitance CO1It is connected in voltage conversion circuit 100
The first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between.The switch S of voltage conversion circuit 100EWhen being switched on, voltage conversion
Circuit 100 is received the photovoltaic voltage execution MPPT that photovoltaic cell 101 generates and gives voltage conversion output in output capacitance CO1
Or CO1~CO3On, it is a normal electric pressure converter voltage that this stage voltage conversion circuit 100, which embodies,
Converter can export more normal steady voltage, although the output voltage of voltage conversion circuit 100 carries ripple
Output voltage can be stablized substantially in upper voltage limit value VUPPERWith lower limiting value VLOWERBetween scope, the highest ripple of output voltage
Amplitude is no more than VUPPER, minimum ripple amplitude is not less than VLOWER。
Referring to Fig. 7, once processor 105 converts the voltage into the switch S of circuit 100EShut-off, voltage conversion circuit 100 will
Output drive pulse rather than stable voltage value, cause are：The pulse width tune of driving voltage conversion circuit 100 at this moment
Signal PWM processed forces the voltage that the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order and voltage conversion circuit 100 export with pulse
The frequency of bandwidth modulation signals and Spline smoothing occurs.The reason for basic is due to the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order
Output voltage output originally is in output capacitance CO1On, but output capacitance CO1But it is forced from the first output node NO1With second
Output node NO2It is separated, cause the first output node NO1With the second output node NO2Between voltage value with script use
Step to modulate the frequency of the pulse width modulating signal of the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order and identical frequency occurs becomes
Change, the step voltage that the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order and voltage conversion circuit 100 export is considered as driving pulse.
Specially lure total output voltage saltus step between low and high level of voltage conversion circuit 100 into, the positive amplitude of driving pulse is more than upper
Limit value VUPPERAnd its negative sense amplitude is less than lower limiting value VLOWER, so being easy to from transmission line from stable steady voltage
Capture driving pulse.Voltage conversion circuit 100 is by driving pulse (itself and the driving voltage conversion circuit of the saltus step between low and high level
100 PWM frequency is identical) it is coupled on the transmission line for concatenated photovoltaic cell as carrier signal, shut-off switch SEIt causes
Driving pulse be considered as the second carrier signal.
Referring to Fig. 7, the carrier receiving module CT that control unit 320 carries configures the detection unit just like Roche air core coil
And wave filter, detection unit are used to monitor the carrier information on transmission line, transmission line generally passes through Roche air core coil
Center, and wave filter is then for second load that carries data of the extraction with another designated frequency range from the carrier information
Ripple signal, because may be used also on transmission line in addition to there is the carrier pulse for carrying the second carrier signal of expected broadcast
It can be there are various other unpredictable frequency spectrum pulses, then not in another designated frequency range namely the second frequency of carrier signal model
Other carrier informations enclosed may is that clutter so needing to fall by filters filter.The wave filter that carrier receiving module CT is carried
Real second carrier signal is conveyed to control unit 320, control unit 320 is receiving the number of responses of the transmission of processor 105
The operating status of processor 105 and its voltage conversion circuit 100 of control is known that after.If instead 320 nothing of control unit
Method receives the response data of the broadcast of processor 105, it is possible to which control unit 320 is constantly in the shape that those slaves is waited to reply
State or disturbance state and can not dynamic regulation voltage conversion circuit 100 output voltage/electric current etc..
Referring to Fig. 7, the implementation that processor 105 transmits the communication means of data is：Believed in processor 105 using carrier wave
Number send binary data 0 (or 1) period T, processor 105 control with switch SECircuit 100-1 switch SEWhen
Between section T any one cycle in it is always on, make circuit 100-1 within the cycle enter in normal voltage transformation working pattern
Without exporting any type of driving pulse, so the symbol of output is 0 (or 1), this stage processor 105, which can control, to be had
Or without switching switch SECircuit 100-2,100-3 be operated in normal voltage conversion state, at this time except circuit 100-1
If there is switching switch, then switching switch should preferably last and is switched on other each circuit 100-2,100-3 in addition.Exist on the contrary
Processor 105 sends the period T of binary data 1 (or 0) using carrier signal, and the control of processor 105 is with switching switch
Circuit 100-1 switching switch SEIt is at least turned off once within any one cycle of period T, circuit 100-1 is made to exist
It is at least exported in the cycle into the once operating mode of improper voltage conversion not less than the cluster driving pulse, so defeated
The symbol gone out is 1 (or 0), this stage processor 105 can be controlled so that with or without switching switch SECircuit 100-2
Be operated in normal voltage conversion state with 100-3, at this time each circuit 100-2 of other in addition to circuit 100-1 and
If there is switching switch, then switching switch should preferably last and is switched on 100-3.In a preferred alternative embodiment, the period
Preferably with appearance, driving pulse represents at least once during first start byte/start bit that a cycle conveys in T, this
It is because driving pulse can significantly be different from the steady voltage of circuit 100-1 outputs, improper electricity occurs in start byte
Pressure transformation working pattern rather than the communication for maintaining the discrimination transmission data that normal voltage operation mode can be easily always
Program has been switched on.
Referring to Fig. 7, it is evident that send the second carrier signal stage voltage conversion circuit 100 embodies is not one
Normal electric pressure converter voltage converter, can not export more normal steady voltage value, and driving voltage turns at this time
The pulse width modulating signal for changing circuit 100 is performed for MPPT calculations originally, but since control switchs SEIt is turned off and leads
Pulse width modulating signal PWM is caused to become the source that driving pulse generates.Except voltage conversion circuit 100 itself is directly as load
Ripple transtation mission circuit can also set the output capacitance C with connecting in the embodiment not illustratedO1~CO3The load being in parallel
Ripple sending module, if only having the sub- voltage conversion circuit 100-1 of the first order that C may be not present in voltage conversion circuit 100O2~CO3
Then such carrier wave sending module can directly with output capacitance CO1Parallel connection, these carrier wave sending modules in parallel are equally controlled by
Control unit 320, control unit 320 broadcast the second carrier signal by with CO1Carrier wave sending module in parallel send or by with
CO1~CO3Carrier wave sending module in parallel is sent.
Referring to Fig. 8, by DC/DC modules in Bidirectional variable-flow unit PCS namely two-way straight on the basis of Fig. 1-7 embodiments
Galvanic electricity conversion module 330 dispenses, and control unit 320 controls inverter circuit module 340 to carry out direct current to alternating current at this time
Inversion is converted, and the backward voltage for also inverter circuit module 340 being controlled to carry out alternating current to direct current is converted and exports reversed direct current
Electric VB1, wherein control unit 340 controlled reversed direct current VB1For secondary battery unit 200 to be given to perform charging and control light
Volt battery string formation PV performs charging to secondary battery unit 200.In the implementation that this can be omitted bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330
Meet following feature in example：First, the control unit 320 can directly control provide photovoltaic module array PV-ARR
The preceding step voltage V that either secondary battery unit 200 is providedF1The inversion for implementing direct current to alternating current is converted, preceding step voltage VF1
It need not be by DC/DC resume modules.Secondly, control unit 320 also controls inverter circuit module 340 to carry out alternating current to direct current
Backward voltage is converted, and in the first intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between export reversed direct current VB1, in first
Intermediate node NP3With the second intermediate node NP4Between can retain capacitance C2 mentioned above, and reversely direct current VB1Then direct coupling
Close first input end NP1With the first intermediate node NP3Between, and by reversed direct current VB1It is supplied directly to secondary battery unit 200
To perform charging.Furthermore control unit 320 also controls chargings of the photovoltaic cell string formation PV-1 to PV-N to secondary battery unit 200.
Actually it is readily apparent that the distinctive points of the embodiment of the embodiment and Fig. 1-7 of Fig. 8 are only to eliminate DC/DC modules
That is bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module 330, and the other technical characteristics of Fig. 1-7 are suitable for Fig. 8.
Above by explanation and attached drawing, the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific embodiment, foregoing invention are given
Existing preferred embodiment is proposed, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For a person skilled in the art, in reading
State it is bright after, various changes and modifications undoubtedly will be evident.Therefore, appended claims, which should be regarded as, covers the present invention
True intention and scope whole variations and modifications.In Claims scope the scope of any and all equivalence with it is interior
Hold, be all considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system has secondary battery unit, which is characterized in that including：
Bidirectional variable-flow unit, at least with inverter circuit module, the inverter circuit module is by photovoltaic cell string formation or accumulator
The preceding step voltage that unit provides is reverse into the grid-connected alternating current to public electric wire net or the alternating current of off-network type operation；
Control unit controls the inversion that the inverter circuit module carries out direct current to alternating current to convert, also controls the inversion
The backward voltage that circuit module carries out alternating current to direct current is converted and exports reversed direct current；
Wherein the reversed direct current is used to perform charging and control to the secondary battery unit by described control unit control
Charging of the photovoltaic cell string formation to the secondary battery unit.
2. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Bidirectional variable-flow unit also has
Bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module；
The bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module at least be used for by the preceding step voltage that photovoltaic cell string formation or secondary battery unit provide into
Row voltage conversion thereby generates rear class direct current and is supplied to inverter circuit module；The inverter circuit module is at least used for by after
The alternating current that grade DC inverter is run into the grid-connected alternating current to public electric wire net or off-network type；
Described control unit control the bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module carry out before step voltage to rear class direct current voltage conversion
It is converted with the inversion that the inverter circuit module is controlled to carry out rear class direct current to alternating current；
The backward voltage that wherein described control unit also controls the inverter circuit module to carry out AC-to DC is converted and exported
The reversed direct current is carried out voltage conversion and exported to described by reversed direct current and the control bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module
Secondary battery unit is to perform charging.
3. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in described control unit
Communication is established between the secondary battery unit, described control unit monitors the electricity storage condition of the secondary battery unit；
Described control unit decides whether to notify the photovoltaic cell string formation or the Bidirectional variable-flow list according to electricity storage condition
Member, which stops or starts to the secondary battery unit, provides energy.
4. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that every a string of photovoltaic cells
String formation is made of multiple photovoltaic cells being connected in series, and every piece of photovoltaic cell is each equipped with performing the voltage of maximum power tracing
Conversion circuit；Wherein
The voltage of voltage conversion circuit output corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell characterizes the photovoltaic cell and provides in the photovoltaic electric
Virtual voltage in the string formation of pond.
5. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described control unit controls institute
Stating the mode that photovoltaic cell string formation charges to the secondary battery unit is：
Described control unit notifies that the voltage conversion circuit adjustment in the photovoltaic cell string formation corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell is defeated
The voltage and/or electric current gone out, until the tandem voltage and/or tandem electric current of the photovoltaic cell string formation are adjusted to preset range.
6. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the voltage conversion circuit and
Described control unit is each equipped with carrier wave sending module and carrier receiving module, is controlled described to the photovoltaic cell string formation
When the voltage conversion circuit sends instruction, described control unit passes through every in power carrier and each photovoltaic cell string formation
Voltage conversion circuit corresponding to block photovoltaic cell establishes communication.
7. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described control unit configuration
Carrier wave sending module, which carries to be arranged on, is coupled to the photovoltaic cell string formation on the transmission line of the Bidirectional variable-flow unit
Carrier wave sends transformer；
With detection unit and wave filter, detection unit is used to monitor described the carrier receiving module of described control unit configuration
Carrier information on transmission line, wave filter is for extraction tool the carrying there are one designated frequency range from carrier information
The second carrier signal broadcasted by the voltage conversion circuit of data.
8. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the voltage conversion circuit
Output voltage is applied in its output capacitance, and switch is provided in the voltage conversion circuit, and output capacitance and it
Switch series connection；
When the switch of the voltage conversion circuit is switched on, the photovoltaic voltage that the voltage conversion circuit is received gives voltage
Conversion output is in output capacitance；
When the switch of the voltage conversion circuit is turned off, the voltage conversion circuit is by the excitation arteries and veins of the saltus step between low and high level
Punching is coupled on the transmission line for having concatenated the photovoltaic cell string formation as carrier signal, and driving pulse comes from：At this moment
The pulse width modulating signal of the voltage conversion circuit is driven to force the voltage of the voltage conversion circuit output with pulse
The frequency of bandwidth modulation signals and Spline smoothing occurs, the step voltage of output is considered as driving pulse；And
With detection unit and wave filter, detection unit is used to monitor the carrier receiving module of the voltage conversion circuit configuration
Carrier information on the transmission line, wave filter have another designated frequency range for being extracted from carrier information
Carry the first carrier signal broadcasted by described control unit of data.
9. photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described control unit control will
When the tandem voltage of the photovoltaic cell string formation charges for the secondary battery unit, by controlling the defeated of the voltage conversion circuit
The DC current that the secondary battery unit is applied to when going out the sizes values of electric current to ensure charging is constant；
Or further control the tandem voltage by controlling the sizes values of the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit
The DC voltage that the secondary battery unit is applied to when size is to ensure charging is constant.
10. a kind of energy storage method of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that every
The photovoltaic cell string formation of going here and there is made of the photovoltaic cell of multiple series connection, and every piece of photovoltaic cell is each equipped with execution maximum power and chases after
The voltage conversion circuit of track, the voltage of voltage conversion circuit output corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell characterize photovoltaic cell offer
Virtual voltage in the photovoltaic cell string formation；
Described control unit is controlled is to the method for secondary battery unit progress charging energy-storing：
Communication is first established by described control unit and the secondary battery unit, and the accumulator list is analyzed by described control unit
Member electricity storage condition and judge whether the secondary battery unit needs to charge；
If it is select to perform charging or selection by the light directly to the secondary battery unit by the reversed direct current
Volt battery string formation charges to the secondary battery unit.
11. according to the method described in claim 10, it is characterized in that, the voltage conversion circuit and described control unit are matched somebody with somebody
Carrier wave sending module and carrier receiving module are equipped with, described control unit passes through power carrier and each photovoltaic cell string formation
In voltage conversion circuit corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell establish communication；
When described control unit selection charges to the secondary battery unit by the photovoltaic cell string formation：The control is single
Member notifies the voltage conversion circuit in the photovoltaic cell string formation corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell to adjust output by carrier signal
Voltage and/or electric current, until the photovoltaic cell string formation tandem voltage and/or tandem electric current adjust to preset range.
12. a kind of energy storage method of photovoltaic energy storage inversion integral system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that every
The photovoltaic cell string formation of going here and there is made of the photovoltaic cell of multiple series connection, and every piece of photovoltaic cell is each equipped with execution maximum power and chases after
The voltage conversion circuit of track, the voltage of voltage conversion circuit output corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell characterize photovoltaic cell offer
Virtual voltage in the photovoltaic cell string formation；
Described control unit is controlled is to the method for secondary battery unit progress charging energy-storing：
Communication is first established by described control unit and the secondary battery unit, and the accumulator list is analyzed by described control unit
Member electricity storage condition and judge whether the secondary battery unit needs to charge；
If it is select to be carried out the reversed direct current by the bidirectional, dc electricity conversion module to export after voltage conversion to
The secondary battery unit charges to the secondary battery unit by the photovoltaic cell string formation with performing charging or selection.
13. according to the method for claim 12, which is characterized in that the voltage conversion circuit and described control unit are matched somebody with somebody
Carrier wave sending module and carrier receiving module are equipped with, described control unit passes through power carrier and each photovoltaic cell string formation
In voltage conversion circuit corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell establish communication；
When described control unit selection charges to the secondary battery unit by the photovoltaic cell string formation：The control is single
Member notifies the voltage conversion circuit in the photovoltaic cell string formation corresponding to every piece of photovoltaic cell to adjust output by carrier signal
Voltage and/or electric current, until the photovoltaic cell string formation tandem voltage and/or tandem electric current adjust to preset range.
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