CN206133242U - No -tillagely broadcast quick -witted control structure soon based on it is able to programme - Google Patents
No -tillagely broadcast quick -witted control structure soon based on it is able to programme Download PDFInfo
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- CN206133242U CN206133242U CN201621133641.5U CN201621133641U CN206133242U CN 206133242 U CN206133242 U CN 206133242U CN 201621133641 U CN201621133641 U CN 201621133641U CN 206133242 U CN206133242 U CN 206133242U
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- sowing
- seed
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- land wheel
- seeding
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a no -tillagely broadcast quick -witted control structure soon, be be applied to by seeding motor, fertilization motor, seed metering ware, fertilizer apparatus, seed spout and land wheel constitute no -tillage broadcast the machine soon on, characterized by includes: switching mode hall sensor, singlechip controller, seeding detection device, rotary encoder and touch -sensitive screen, seeding detection device is including infrared photoelectric sensor and diverging device. The utility model discloses can realize plant spacing, the two closed -loop control of seeding speed, can realize that direct current motor speed independently adapts to traveling speed simultaneously to can improve no -tillage machine seeding, the flexibility of fertilizeing and the accuracy nature of seeding broadcast soon.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to agricultural machinery control field, and in particular to a kind of sowing control structure of tilling free rotary seeder.
Background technology
The spacing in the rows size that the sowing control of tilling free rotary seeder has material impact, sowing to seeding concordance determines crop
The size of growing space, so as to affect the yield of crop.Spacing in the rows refers to the sowing distance between the seed that every row is sowed, therefore will
The concordance of spacing in the rows is kept, the feed mechanism for seed rotating speed that must just control often to go is uniform, and when the travel speed of rotary sowing machine changes, row
The rotating speed for planting device produces respective change, to ensure to sow the consistent of distance.Due to Land Environment, the difference of Bamboo resource, sowing
Spacing in the rows there is also difference, be the service efficiency for improving tilling free rotary seeder, it is necessary to makes its sowing spacing in the rows flexibly adjustable, meets not of the same race
The plantation demand of the sowing demand of son and different Land Environments.
Chain-drive mechanism is adopted no-tillage seeding machine more at present, realize that seeding speed follower seeder travel speed changes, tool
The advantages of having control simple, compact conformation, bearing capacity are high, and be applicable to severe working environment, but in the course of the work
There are shock and vibration, chain wear is very fast, easily occur broadcast leakage phenomenon being caused because the driving force of sowing motor is not enough, or
Person causes chain-loose, the problem of fracture because sowing motor driving force is excessive, and the sowing uniformity of no-tillage seeding machine is produced
Raw large effect, so as to affect crop yield.As the speed of drilling of current tilling free rotary seeder is directly subject to travel speed
Control, speed of drilling and travel speed have fixed proportionate relationship, therefore cannot adapt to sow multifarious requirement and difference
The demand of Land Environment.
In order to improve the problem of traditional mechanical structure presence, promote agricultural development to shift to precise treatment, intelligent direction, exempt from
The sowing control of cultivated rotary sowing machine is in widespread attention in agricultural machinery development.
In order to overcome land wheel skidding, and make feed mechanism for seed follow the travel speed of seeder to rotate, need to detect land wheel
Velocity of rotation：《Based on the intellectuality spacing in the rows Control System Design of motor-driven precise seeding machine of corn》Using on ground in one text
The method of uniform mounting magnetic steel piece on wheel shaft, using Hall switch sensor detect ground wheel speed, although detection accuracy compared with
Height, but in actual motion, as which cannot judge the rotation direction of land wheel, when being likely to result in land wheel reversing, feed mechanism for seed broadcasts by mistake
Problem.
Utility model content
This utility model can not flexibly change sowing in seeding process for the seeder for solving traditional pure mechanic structure
The problem of spacing in the rows, dose, it is proposed that a kind of tilling free rotary seeder control structure, to tilling free rotary seeder sowing spacing in the rows can be improved
Uniformity, and flexibly change sowing spacing in the rows, so as to realize tilling free rotary seeder uniformly broadcasting under different seeds, different soil
Kind.
This utility model is adopted the following technical scheme that to reach above-mentioned utility model purpose：
A kind of tilling free rotary seeder control structure of this utility model, be applied to by sowing motor, fertilising motor, feed mechanism for seed,
On the rotary sowing machine constituted by fertilizer apparatus, seed spout and land wheel, the sowing motor is connected with the feed mechanism for seed, the fertilising motor
It is connected with the fertilizer apparatus；It is characterized in, the control structure includes：Hall switch sensor, singlechip controller, sowing
Detection means, rotary encoder and touch screen；
The rotary encoder is arranged on the axle of the sowing motor, for detecting the velocity of rotation of sowing motor；
The seeding detection device, including infrared tube and part flow arrangement；
The part flow arrangement has the delivery outlet that an input port and multiple shunting tube passages are pooled, and is arranged on institute
The lower section of feed mechanism for seed is stated, and is connected with the seed spout, shunting process is carried out for the seed to discharging in the feed mechanism for seed；
The infrared tube is arranged on the shunting inside pipe wall of the part flow arrangement, is planted for detecting in the part flow arrangement
The quantity that son falls；
The touch screen, is connected with the singlechip controller by 485 PORT COM, for setting sowing type, broadcasting
Plant spacing in the rows, per mu of application rate and dose, the ground wheel diameter of rotary sowing machine, the pocket quantity of feed mechanism for seed, speed of drilling ratio system
Number and the speed proportional coefficient that applies fertilizer；
N magnetic links are uniformly arranged on the land wheel of the rotary sowing machine, for the land wheel is uniformly divided into n section circular arcs,
One magnetic links is set in any one circular arc again so that corresponding circular arc is divided into unequal two sections of circular arcs, with described
Unequal two sections of circular arcs are formed to turn to and judge area, for obtaining the rotation direction of the land wheel；
The edge of the land wheel is provided with the Hall switch sensor, for obtaining the rotation speed of the land wheel
Degree；
The singlechip controller is used for the fertilising speed of the sowing spacing in the rows and the fertilizer apparatus for controlling the feed mechanism for seed.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in：
1st, this utility model adopts speed of drilling, spacing in the rows double-closed-loop control, it is ensured that the accuracy of sowing, meanwhile, adopt
Two-way pwm controls to sow motor, fertilising motor respectively, realizes DC generator speed and independently adapts to the speed of travel, and in proportion
Drag feed mechanism for seed, fertilizer apparatus to sow with friction speed and apply fertilizer, instead of the use of chain-drive mechanism, improve tilling free rotary seeder
Sowing, the motility of fertilising work and accuracy.
2nd, this utility model measures the travel speed of rotary sowing machine using Hall switch sensor, replaces the no-tillage rotation of tradition to broadcast
Chain drive on machine, reduces the failure rate of machinery of tilling free rotary seeder, and power consumption is low, it is easy to install；
3rd, this utility model arranges the fortune such as the spacing in the rows of separate unit tilling free rotary seeder, Seeding coefficient, fertilising coefficient using touch screen
Line parameter, realizes speed of drilling ratio, the flexible of fertilising speed proportional, so as to meet tilling free rotary seeder not of the same race
Uniform sowing under son, different soil, improves the service efficiency of tilling free rotary seeder.
4th, this utility model is provided with WiFi module, is connected by wireless network with mobile phone app, exempts from for centralized Control multiple stage
Cultivated rotary sowing machine operation, beneficial to remote device management and quality control, be adapted to land for growing field crops cultivates management；
5th, this utility model has used self adaptation pid algorithm so that the parameter of proportional integral works with tilling free rotary seeder
Condition different and change automatically, it is ensured that the concordance of tilling free rotary seeder speed of drilling, so as to ensure that the one of sowing spacing in the rows
Cause property, improves the robustness of system.
6th, this utility model judges area by a magnetic links being arranged between equally distributed magnetic links and being formed to turn to, and sentences
The rotation direction of disconnected land wheel, compensate for the deficiency that traditional measurement mode cannot measure ground wheel speed, it is to avoid land wheel reverses mistiming
The generation of situation is broadcast, while economy is higher.
7th, this utility model carries out shunting process to the seed discharged in feed mechanism for seed by arranging part flow arrangement, makes each point
Seed amount in flow tube is substantially reduced, and reduces the viscous viscosity of seed, so as to improve the accuracy of seeding detection, is spacing in the rows
Precise control provide safeguard.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is this utility model no-tillage seeding machine control system architecture figure；
Fig. 2 is location map of this utility model magnetic links on land wheel；
Label in figure：1 magnetic links, 2 land wheels.
Specific embodiment
In the present embodiment, a kind of tilling free rotary seeder control structure, be applied to by sowing motor, fertilising motor, feed mechanism for seed,
On the rotary sowing machine constituted by fertilizer apparatus, seed spout and land wheel, sowing motor is connected with feed mechanism for seed, apply fertilizer motor and fertilizer apparatus phase
Even；As shown in figure 1, control system includes：Driving chip, Hall switch sensor, singlechip controller, seeding detection dress
Put, rotary encoder, WiFi module and touch screen；
Rotary encoder is arranged on the axle of sowing motor, for detecting the velocity of rotation of sowing motor；
Seeding detection device, including infrared tube and part flow arrangement；
Part flow arrangement is arranged on the lower section of feed mechanism for seed, pooled with an input port and multiple shunting tube passages
Delivery outlet, and be connected with seed spout, shunting process is carried out for the seed to discharging in feed mechanism for seed；
Infrared tube is arranged on the shunting inside pipe wall of part flow arrangement, for detecting the number of seeds fall in part flow arrangement
Amount；
The seed that feed mechanism for seed is discharged is divided into multichannel by isocon by part flow arrangement, in being embodied as, by the kind for falling
Son is divided into 4 tunnels, and when seed is by shunting the infrared tube of inside pipe wall, infrared tube output pulse signal detects pulse signal
Number application rate is obtained；
Touch screen, is connected with singlechip controller by 485 PORT COM, for setting sowing type, sows spacing in the rows, often
The application rate of mu, the ground wheel diameter of tilling free rotary seeder, the pocket quantity of feed mechanism for seed, speed of drilling proportionality coefficient and fertilising speed ratio
Example coefficient；Wherein, the ground wheel diameter of tilling free rotary seeder, the structural parameters that the pocket quantity of feed mechanism for seed is tilling free rotary seeder, producer
When the land wheel size of manufacture, feed mechanism for seed specification have differences, can directly arrange parameter size without change program；
WiFi module, is connected with singlechip controller by 485 PORT COM, for realizing long-range collection by mobile phone app
Middle control and parameter setting.
N magnetic links are uniformly arranged on the land wheel of rotary sowing machine, for land wheel to be uniformly divided into n section circular arcs, any one
A magnetic links are set again in individual circular arc so that corresponding circular arc is divided into unequal two sections of circular arcs, with unequal two sections
Circular arc is formed to turn to and judges area；
The edge of land wheel is provided with Hall switch sensor, using between Hall switch sensor and magnetic links
When relative, produced pulse signal obtains the velocity of rotation of land wheel in real time, judges that area obtains the rotation side of land wheel using steering
To, and together it is supplied to singlechip controller；
Singlechip controller obtains the rotating speed of sowing motor and fertilising motor according to velocity of rotation and rotation direction；By sowing
The rotating speed of motor and fertilising motor, obtains sowing motor with the pwm pulse signals of the motor that applies fertilizer and being supplied to driving chip, so as to
The sowing spacing in the rows of control feed mechanism for seed is identical with set sowing spacing in the rows, and Synchronization Control fertilizer apparatus is applied fertilizer；
Singlechip controller obtains the detection signal in part flow arrangement using infrared tube and is processed, and obtains under seed
The actual spacing in the rows for falling, and be compared with set sowing spacing in the rows, if both differ, the pwm arteries and veins of adjustment sowing motor
The driving voltage that signal dutyfactor changes sowing motor is rushed, so that the rotating speed for sowing motor is controlled to adjust actual spacing in the rows.
As shown in figure 1, the deviation of set spacing in the rows and the actual sowing spacing in the rows of tilling free rotary seeder is carried out ratio product
Divide and calculate, and the value after calculating is converted into into velocity amplitude V1Outer shroud is constituted as the set-point of speed of drilling, to V1Carry out output limit
Width, amplitude limit value determine the maximum (top) speed of sowing motor；
By the set-point V of speed of drilling1Proportional integral calculating is carried out with the deviation of the actual rotation speed of sowing motor,
And the value after calculating is converted into the driving voltage u of sowing motor1And then control sowing motor realizes actual speed and set-point
It is consistent, constitute internal ring, to sow motor actual speed carry out amplitude limit, then amplitude limit value determines the maximum seeding strain of feed mechanism for seed
Away from；
By the set-point V of speed of drilling1Proportionality coefficient is multiplied by as the set-point of fertilising speed, and the value after calculating is turned
Turn to the driving voltage u of fertilising motor2The velocity of rotation of control fertilising motor；
In the present embodiment, a kind of tilling free rotary seeder control method, be applied to by sowing motor, fertilising motor, feed mechanism for seed,
On the rotary sowing machine constituted by fertilizer apparatus, seed spout and land wheel, sowing motor is connected with feed mechanism for seed, apply fertilizer motor and fertilizer apparatus phase
Even；It is specifically described below：
Step 1, it is provided with part flow arrangement below feed mechanism for seed, part flow arrangement is connected with seed spout, for feed mechanism for seed
The seed of middle discharge carries out shunting process；
Step 2, infrared tube is provided with part flow arrangement inwall, infrared tube is used to detecting in part flow arrangement under seed
The quantity for falling；
Step 3, sowing motor axle on rotary encoder is installed；
Step 4, the edge of land wheel is provided with Hall switch sensor；
N magnetic links are uniformly arranged on the land wheel of rotary sowing machine, so as to land wheel to be uniformly divided into n section circular arcs, any one
A magnetic links are set again in individual circular arc so that corresponding circular arc is divided into unequal two sections of circular arcs, with unequal two sections
Circular arc is formed to turn to and judges area；
Step 5, utilization turn to the pulse interval produced by judging in area, judge the rotation direction of land wheel, if the time
Interval increases successively, then it represents that land wheel is rotated forward, conversely, representing land wheel reversion, and stops sowing and applies fertilizer；
Step 6, when land wheel is rotated forward, using formula (1) obtain land wheel velocity of rotation v：
In formula (1), d represents the diameter of land wheel；T represents that Hall switch sensor judges the adjacent of area's output in non-steering
The time interval of pulse signal；In instantiation, a diameter of 35cm of land wheel uniformly installs 8 magnet steel in the edge of land wheel
Piece, installs a magnetic links again in the circular arc between any two magnetic links so that the circular arc is divided into 30 ° and 15 °
Two sections of circular arcs, form steering and judge area, so as to judge land wheel rotation direction, as shown in Figure 2；
Step 7, the time interval that seeds fall in part flow arrangement is obtained using infrared tube, and according to the rotation speed of land wheel
Degree v obtains the actual spacing in the rows of seeds fall；
Step 8, the sowing spacing in the rows of set tilling free rotary seeder and actual spacing in the rows are carried out into proportional integral calculating, according to formula
(2) obtain the set-point V of tilling free rotary seeder speed of drilling1：
In formula (2), a represents the spacing in the rows after proportional integral is calculated, arranged lower seed when b represents that feed mechanism for seed is rotated a week
Number of times；
Step 9, by the set-point V of tilling free rotary seeder speed of drilling1With the tilling free rotary seeder measured by rotary encoder
The actual value of speed of drilling carries out proportional integral calculating, obtains the driving voltage u that tilling free rotary seeder sows motor according to formula (3)1:
In formula (3), V0Represent the rated speed of sowing motor, U1Represent the rated voltage of sowing motor；
Step 10, by the set-point V of tilling free rotary seeder speed of drilling1With the fertilising speed proportional coefficient k of touch screen setting2
It is multiplied, obtains the set-point of tilling free rotary seeder fertilising speed, the driving voltage of tilling free rotary seeder fertilising motor is obtained according to formula (4)
u2:
In formula (4), V2Represent the rated speed of fertilising motor, U2Represent the rated voltage of fertilising motor；In instantiation
In, sowing motor adopts 12V, the direct current generator of 200r/min with fertilising motor, therefore the storage of 12V is provided with tilling free rotary seeder
Battery is powered for whole system.
Step 11, repeat step 5- step 10, so as to realize sowing, the fertilising work of tilling free rotary seeder.
In being embodied as, the set-point V of tilling free rotary seeder speed of drilling1Broadcast with the no-tillage rotation measured by rotary encoder
The actual value of machine speed of drilling carries out proportional integral calculating, is controlled using self adaptation pid, the ginseng that automatic adjusting proportional integral is calculated
Number.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of tilling free rotary seeder control structure, is applied to by sowing motor, fertilising motor, feed mechanism for seed, fertilizer apparatus, seed spout
On the rotary sowing machine constituted with land wheel, the sowing motor is connected with the feed mechanism for seed, motor and the fertilizer apparatus of applying fertilizer
It is connected；It is characterized in that, the control structure includes：Hall switch sensor, singlechip controller, seeding detection device, rotation
Turn encoder and touch screen；
The rotary encoder is arranged on the axle of the sowing motor, for detecting the velocity of rotation of sowing motor；
The seeding detection device, including infrared tube and part flow arrangement；
The part flow arrangement has the delivery outlet that an input port and multiple shunting tube passages are pooled, and is arranged on the row
The lower section of device is planted, and is connected with the seed spout, shunting process is carried out for the seed to discharging in the feed mechanism for seed；
The infrared tube is arranged on the shunting inside pipe wall of the part flow arrangement, for detecting in the part flow arrangement under seed
The quantity for falling；
The touch screen, is connected with the singlechip controller by 485 PORT COM, for setting sowing type, sowing strain
Away from, per mu of application rate and dose, the ground wheel diameter of rotary sowing machine, the pocket quantity of feed mechanism for seed, speed of drilling proportionality coefficient and
Fertilising speed proportional coefficient；
N magnetic links are uniformly arranged on the land wheel of the rotary sowing machine, it is for the land wheel is uniformly divided into n section circular arcs, in office
A magnetic links are set again in one circular arc of meaning so that corresponding circular arc is divided into unequal two sections of circular arcs, with the not phase
Deng two sections of circular arcs formed to turn to and judge area, for obtaining the rotation direction of the land wheel；
The edge of the land wheel is provided with the Hall switch sensor, for obtaining the velocity of rotation of the land wheel；
The singlechip controller is used for the fertilising speed of the sowing spacing in the rows and the fertilizer apparatus for controlling the feed mechanism for seed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621133641.5U CN206133242U (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | No -tillagely broadcast quick -witted control structure soon based on it is able to programme |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621133641.5U CN206133242U (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | No -tillagely broadcast quick -witted control structure soon based on it is able to programme |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206133242U true CN206133242U (en) | 2017-04-26 |
Family
ID=58573779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621133641.5U Active CN206133242U (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | No -tillagely broadcast quick -witted control structure soon based on it is able to programme |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN206133242U (en) |
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2016
- 2016-10-18 CN CN201621133641.5U patent/CN206133242U/en active Active
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