CN102106210B - Multifunctional precision planter - Google Patents
Multifunctional precision planter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102106210B CN102106210B CN2011100033586A CN201110003358A CN102106210B CN 102106210 B CN102106210 B CN 102106210B CN 2011100033586 A CN2011100033586 A CN 2011100033586A CN 201110003358 A CN201110003358 A CN 201110003358A CN 102106210 B CN102106210 B CN 102106210B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional precision planter, belonging to the field of precision planting devices in facility cultivation technologies. In the multifunctional precision planter, a novel curtain flow seeding mode and air sucking discs are combined, and interrupted planting of a plurality of air sucking discs is improved into a single-line continuous planting motion mode for seeding. The multifunctional precision planter has the advantages of realizing precision planting, completing hole seeding, row seeding and other functions of the conventional planter along with multiple functions and multiple purposes, and realizing and meeting high-speed requirement. Therefore, the multifunctional precision planter can effectively promote development of precision planting machinery and facility agriculture, can save massive manpower and materials, improves the working environment and labor intensity of technicians engaged in cultivation, and obtains excellent economical and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
Project of the present invention belongs to agriculture and forestry field seeding facility culture technical field, is specifically related to a kind of can the completion from broadcasting sowing multipurpose precision planters such as precise sowing.
Background technology
Sower is to be the planting machinery of sowing object with the crop seed.The sower that is used for certain type or certain crop is often titled with the crop species title, like grain drill, corn hill-drop planter, cotton planter, herbage seed broadcaster etc.Sower can be divided into following several types by type of seeding:
1. seed broadcaster: make the seed equally distributed sower on the sowing plot that spreads out; Type commonly used is a spinner broadcaster, is attached to the agricultural transportation vehicle rear portion; Sown scope reaches 8～12 meters; Also can broadcast sowing powdery or granular fertilizer, lime and other materials; Spreading gear also can be installed on the agricultural aircraft and use.
2. drilling machine: the seeding operation that is mainly used in small-sized seeds such as cereal, vegetables, herbage; Commonly used have a grain drill; The unit sown scope is 6～7 meters, broadcast speed be generally 10～12 kms/hour.
3. hill-drop planter: by a line spacing and cave distance, the planting machinery that the seed cavitation is sowed; 1 or several seeds can be broadcast in every cave, divide another name simple grain Precision Seeding or many bunch plantings, are mainly used in intertillage crop such as corn, cotton, beet, sunflower, beans, claim row-crop drill again; Each sower monomer can be accomplished entire job processes such as trench digging, seeding, earthing, suppression.
4. precision planter: the sower that carries out operation with accurate seeding quantity, seeding row spacing and the degree of depth; Have the saving seed, exempt the neat advantage of thinning operation, spacing after emerging.General on the basis of all kinds of seeding units of hill-drop planter, the improvement forms; Also have in advance single seed is sowed by the fixing paper tape of a determining deviation, or make the ring-shaped rubber or the plastics production of hybrid seeds kind of the ditch that enters with holes of the vertical gyration of seed.
5. combine and no-tillage seeding machine: as on grain drill, adding fertilizer can, fertilizer distributor, can fertilising in sowing; Form combines with operations such as soil cultivation, spraying insecticide, weedicide and paving plastic films, can once accomplish above-mentioned operations; No-tillage seeding machine is after the preceding crop results, directly to leave kind of a ditch sowing, to prevent erosion, to save the energy, reduces the crop cost.
The sower of China is main with traditional grain drill, still occupies an leading position at present with sower and animal power sower that small tractor is supporting.There is the enterprise production sower about 500 families in the whole nation, wherein has only 10 families to produce and the supporting sower of large and middle tractor, has accounted for more than 90% of national sower output with the output of dragging supporting sower and animal power sower for a short time.In recent years; The integration of operation sower development of China is also very fast; Its facility mainly contain sowing and one drag fertile combine, farming-sowing combine, loosen the soil-apply fertilizer-overlay film-bunch planting combine and Shi Shui-sowing combine etc., have developed the planting after plastic covered combine at present again.In addition, it is powerful that defective ejaculation amount seeding machinary is promoted the impetus, and wheat defective ejaculation amount sower and intertillage crop precision planter are applied rapidly.
The key equipment of realizing the precise sowing technology is a precision seed metering device, and the core component of precision seed metering device is a precision seeder.The development of external precision seeder starts from the forties in 20th century; Technical merit is very high, and like states such as the U.S., Italy, France, Germany, Canada, Australia, sower is various informative; New construction, new principle, new technology, new material constantly occur, and manufacturing process is also meticulousr.Begin the research of precise sowing seeding unit the domestic seventies in 20th century.
The mechanical precise seeding unit utilizes the type hole of seeding unit that seed is separated from population according to seed grain type and size, fills kind, plants and unload clearly link such as kind and lean on seed deadweight or mechanical device to accomplish.Mechanical type seeding unit form is varied, and structure is multifarious.Like notch cuttype inner hole formula seeding unit, filling seed inside vertical plate precision metering, a commentaries on classics spoon formula seeding unit, grinder-vein disk feed, horizontal circle disc type and endless belt formula seeding unit; Has simple in structure, low cost and other advantages; Obtained extensive use aborning; Its shortcoming is strict to seed sizes, and operating speed is lower, is usually used on the middle-size and small-size sower.
The Pneumatic precision seeding unit produces pull of vacuum or air pressure by blower fan usually, and suction or pressure make seed be attached on the type hole by grain (simple grain or few grain), fill and plant or plant link clearly and accomplish by strength.Because of the air-flow mode of action and function different are divided into some types.Utilize the negative pressure seeding mode that the seed plate both sides form on the seeding unit to be called air-suction seeding unit.Such seeding unit is on the basis of nest eye Type Seed Metering Device, adopts clear kind of air-flow that the seeding quality is improved greatly; Utilize the positive differential pressure seeding person of seeding elements on either side to become the vapour-pressure type seeding unit, like the horse vapour-pressure type sower etc. of people's developments such as injecting type sower and Cui Qingliang of people's developments such as soybean high speed strength sower, Zhao Wenhou of people's development such as grow into forest.
The Pneumatic precision seeding unit has that adaptability is strong, versatility good, injuring-free seed and seed sizes required superiority such as not tight, and can improve dropping frequency greatly, adapts to the high speed seeding operation, and shortcoming is a complex structure, and noise is big, and cost is high.
Present existing precision seeder can't meet the demands, especially for some product-mix more complicated, with high content of technology reaching technology, material requirements high product.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of multipurpose precision planter in order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, and it can realize a tractor serves several purposes, mainly realizes following multipurpose sowing: (1) precision drilling; (2) bunch planting; (3) drilling; (4) broadcast sowing; Can accomplish functions such as beating ditch, earthing through apolegamy function corresponding parts, carry additionally utensils such as fertilising, can realize other functions, realize one-machine-multi-function; Can significantly reduce the machine of the purchasing cost of purchasing multiple sower and maintenance, upkeep cost when idle and deposit cost and expenses such as house, place, fully improve utilization rate of equipment and installations, reduce production costs.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
A kind of multipurpose precision planter comprises seed-box, outlet aperture adjuster, curtain stream current stabilization deflector, drives rotary drive mechanism, strength regulating system, seal diaphragm, computer supervisory control system that act drive unit, a plurality of seeds sucker, reversing frame, the driving rotational frame of stream current stabilization deflector angular adjustment done gyration; Exit and outlet aperture adjuster that said outlet aperture adjuster and curtain stream current stabilization deflector are installed in seed-box flow between the current stabilization deflector at the outlet and the curtain of seed-box; First photoelectric sensor of monitoring curtain stream changes in flow rate is installed between seed-box outlet and curtain stream current stabilization deflector; First photoelectric sensor links to each other with drive unit through computer supervisory control system; A plurality of seeds suckers are distributed on the reversing frame, and each seeds sucker is provided with and the corresponding suction hole of groove or position, hole; The air pressure adjustment loop that said strength regulating system comprises air compressor, links to each other with air compressor; Be equipped with and the synchronous rotating strength distribution gyroaxis of seeds sucker in the reversing frame center; Strength is distributed gyroaxis to be hollow structure and to be divided into malleation chamber and negative pressure cavity through seal diaphragm; Distribute the columns row that have on the gyroaxis and along axial direction on and the seeds sucker identical apart from identical hole in strength with the seeds sucker number; Malleation chamber and atmosphere, negative pressure cavity communicates with the air pressure adjustment loop through the hole on the strength distribution gyroaxis and strength is uniformly distributed with in each suction hole.
Seeds sucker is the structure in single file multiple row hole, realizes continuous gyration, satisfies the high speed requirement.Existing in order not change or to reduce the quantity of changing seeds sucker, on seeds sucker, have the multirow hole that is arithmetic progression, to satisfy the needs of different seed sizes.
Also comprise and adopt flat belt with holes to be coated on the seeds sucker, flat belt be provided with seeds sucker on corresponding hole, hole, multiduty needs are realized in the corresponding hole of seed size that is used for selecting Yu is sowed.
The seed-box dip angle regulating device that is connected with seed-box.
Also comprise seed collection case, seed recovery system, the seed collection case is connected with seed-box through the seed recovery system.
Said strength distributes the hole on the gyroaxis through the strength delivery hose strength to be delivered to each suction hole.
Said curtain stream current stabilization deflector is provided with a plurality of guiding gutters.
Said reversing frame comprises driving-belt, two gyroaxises, and two gyroaxises are in transmission connection through driving-belt.
Said reversing frame also comprises the reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism, and said reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism is installed on the gyroaxis of reversing frame right-hand member.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that the present invention adopts a novel curtain stream mode precise sowing principle to realize precise sowing as core technology, be embodied in particularly following some:
1) takes into full account and not only utilize but also control the factor such as out-of-flatness in big field and put on and make the unbalanced external force of Work machine realize novel seed curtain stream seeding technology.So-called seed curtain stream is meant that seed resembles the flow regime of waterfall when the seed-box mouth flows out.Seed-box remains static generally speaking, can be known by prose style free from parallelism dynamics, during the seed outlet; Need certain external force effect, otherwise the phenomenon that the seed arch camber has gone out not case can occur, and sower operates in big field among the present invention; Seed-box receives external interference such as mechanical movement, land for growing field crops out-of-flatness such as the vibration of electromotor transmission, the influence that machine waves, and be equivalent to seed-box has been applied external force, but this external force has characteristics such as destructiveness, randomness, lability again; The curtain stream motion that seed is formed from seed-box outlet back has suitable randomness; Change greatlyyer, make speed and the direction of seed outlet unstable, phenomenon such as erratic, the segregation of vacillating now to the left, now to the right occurs, the seeding uniformity of this curtain stream motion effects back, broadcast leakage, multicast, broadcast etc. less; Therefore should be used to this external force and control again;, 1 ~ 2 seed flow that as curtain flow of thick relatively stable to form, the seeding mode is simply efficient, less, broadcast leakage kind phenomenon seldom.
2) adopt the pneumatic type seeding, injuring-free seed, seed flow forms of motion directly by the adsorbed realization precision metering device of the suction hole on the seeds sucker with curtain from seed-box, can adapt to the operation job requirement of fair speed.
3) improved existing aspiration drop plate planter and can only intermittently sow motion (at every turn sowing a dish), realized that the aspiration disc type also can sow motion continuously.Specifically; To have the aspiration dish of going up corresponding multiple lines and multiple rows suction hole with cave dish originally and change the suction hole of single file (but as required also multirow) multiple row into; And with chain movement circulation of this a plurality of seeds suckers compositions; Realize revolution continuously, speeds that can be higher meets the requirement of Modern High-Speedization; The velocity magnitude of this seeds sucker kinematic chain can be regulated as required on the other hand, satisfies different sowing needs, has improved the adaptability scope of application of equipment and has expanded systemic-function.
4) according to the agriculture requirement of various seeding techniques, to the part-structure of sower or a little adjustment on the parameter with (or) the parts increase and decrease, can realize multipurpose, a tractor serves several purposes, one-machine-multi-function.(1) parameter in hole is held successfully by various sowing agriculture requirements or customized according to customer requirement in advance on the seeds sucker, need not frequent change; (2) inclination angle of regulating the seeds sucker assembly can realize broadcasting sowing etc.Therefore the present invention will effectively promote the development of precise sowing machinery and industrialized agriculture, can save a large amount of human and material resources, improve and will be engaged in culture technique personnel's working environment and labour intensity, and obtain better economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fundamental diagram when Fig. 2 is bunch planting, precise sowing;
Fig. 3 a is a strength distributing shaft structural representation;
Fig. 3 b be among Fig. 3 a A-A to cutaway view;
Fig. 4 is a seed-box dip angle regulating device structural representation;
Fig. 5 is a guiding gutter shape sketch map;
Fig. 6 is the bar fundamental diagram of sowing time;
Fig. 7 is the fundamental diagram when broadcasting sowing;
Fig. 8 a is a flat belt sketch map with holes;
Fig. 8 b is the vertical view of Fig. 8 a;
Fig. 9 arranges sketch map for suction hole.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed description.
Extremely shown in Figure 9 like Fig. 1; A kind of multipurpose precision planter comprises seed-box 1, seed-box dip angle regulating device, outlet aperture adjuster 2, curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3, drives act drive unit, a plurality of seeds sucker 4, reversing frame 5, rotary drive mechanism, strength regulating system, seal diaphragm 6, computer supervisory control system 8, seed collection case 15, the seed recovery system of stream current stabilization deflector 3 angular adjustment; Outlet aperture adjuster 2 and curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 are installed in the exit of seed-box 1 and export aperture adjuster 2 between the outlet and curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 of seed-box 1; First photoelectric sensor 10 of monitoring curtain stream changes in flow rate is installed between seed-box 1 outlet and curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3; First photoelectric sensor 10 links to each other with drive unit through computer supervisory control system 8; A plurality of seeds suckers 4 are distributed on the reversing frame 5, and reversing frame 5 links to each other with rotary drive mechanism, and each seeds sucker 4 is provided with and the corresponding suction hole of groove or position, hole; The air pressure adjustment loop that said strength regulating system comprises air compressor, links to each other with air compressor; Be equipped with and seeds sucker 4 synchronous rotating strengths distribution gyroaxises 7 in reversing frame 5 centers; Strength distributes gyroaxis 7 to be divided into malleation chamber 71 and negative pressure cavity 72 for hollow structure and through seal diaphragm 6; Distribute the columns row that have on the gyroaxis 7 and along axial direction on and the seeds sucker 4 identical apart from identical hole in strength with seeds sucker 4 numbers; Malleation chamber 71 and atmosphere; Negative pressure cavity 72 communicates with the air pressure adjustment loop through the hole on the strength distribution gyroaxis 7 and strength is uniformly distributed with in each suction hole, and said strength distributes the hole on the gyroaxis 7 preferably through strength delivery hose 16 strength to be delivered to each suction hole.The seed-box dip angle regulating device is connected with seed-box 1.Seed collection case 15 is connected with seed-box 1 through the seed recovery system.
On curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3, be provided with a plurality of guiding gutters 31.
Said reversing frame 5 comprises driving-belt, two gyroaxises, and two gyroaxises are in transmission connection through driving-belt.
When broadcasting sowing, comprise also on the sower of the present invention being coated on flat belt not with holes on the seeds sucker 4 17 that flat belt 17 is through seeds sucker 4 tensionings; Reversing frame 5 not only comprises driving-belt, two gyroaxises, also comprises the reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism, and said reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism is an eccentric wheel endplay device and is installed on the gyroaxis of reversing frame 5 right-hand members.Make reversing frame 5 angle that tilts through adjustment reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism when broadcasting sowing, shed angle with regard to forming like this.
When bar sowing time; Also comprise on the sower of the present invention and be coated on flat belt with holes on the seeds sucker 49; Flat belt 9 is through seeds sucker 4 tensionings; On said flat belt 9, be provided with and the corresponding hole of suction hole, it is corresponding with the seed size of being sowed that the hole on the flat belt 9 can be used for selecting, and realizes multiduty needs.
Mounting structure and operation principle in the face of each parts is elaborated down.
1. act stream seeding principle mainly is to realize the speed that the seed curtain is flowed, speed, direction and the seed arrangement control that direction control is flowed out grain weight what and seed with realization; To form stable curtain stream motion to a certain degree, satisfy different sowing seeds and different sowing agriculture requirements.Form seed-box and curtain stream current stabilization motion control component by outlet aperture adjuster 2, curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3, seed-box 1 and seed-box dip angle regulating device etc.Take static the adjusting to realize to the Stability Control of curtain stream with dynamic control acting in conjunction.Static regulate mainly do not put kind of a period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m in the seed-box 1 prior to seeding by seed-box 1 outlet aperture adjuster 2, seed-box dip angle regulating device and just regulated; The signal controlling curtain that dynamic control is transmitted according to first photoelectric sensor 10 by computer supervisory control system 8 flows the angle and the pace of change thereof of current stabilization deflector 3 to be regulated.Outlet aperture adjuster 2 mainly is to regulate according to the different types of seed size of sow, requirement sowing grain weight etc., and aperture is generally 1 ~ 2 seed equivalent size (the seed equivalence of equal quality is the diameter with the spherical seed of isodensity).The angular adjustment of seed-box dip angle regulating device mainly is to regulate according to the coefficient of friction size of seed and seed-box 1 material.Coefficient of friction is different; Then thereby the also different speed that form curtain stream of the angle of friction that from seed-box 1, flows out of seed are different; Can change the size of angle of friction after the angle of change seed-box 1; To change and the state of control grain weight during (velocity magnitude and direction, do not beat be advisable with seed) with the seed outflow.After seed flows out, make seed be that simple grain distributes, arranges in order, density basically evenly helps absorbing seeding through the further effect of curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3.Curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 also can directly seal seed-box 1 temporarily and export when situation such as the state of emergency, parking, seed is excessive.Outlet aperture adjuster 2, curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 are by step motor drive, and the signal that stepper motor is obtained according to first photoelectric sensor 10 by computer supervisory control system 8 sends corresponding angle adjustment instruction operation.
Wherein, seed-box 1 is processed the seed-box 1 that the cross section is trapezoidal, that upper and lower opening is rectangle hopper construction by stainless steel materials, adopts revolute pair to be installed on the frame 14, so that the seed-box dip angle regulating device is regulated the size at seed-box 1 inclination angle; The exit installation outlet aperture adjuster 2 of seed-box 1; Outlet aperture adjuster 2 is that a surface coverage stainless steel materials rectangle door is installed in seed-box 1 outlet right side with hinges; At seed-box 1 two ends one deep-slotted chip breaker (trough rim is carved with angle) is arranged in addition, rectangle steel plate two ends are fixed on the deep-slotted chip breaker (as shown in Figure 4) with the screw-nut pair.The seed-box dip angle regulating device adopts pneumatic spring in the length direction supported at three point, with the proof strength requirement, after adjusting angle, adopts the screw-rod structure locking.Curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 surfaces coat with stainless steel materials and have had the gusset of guide functions to form guiding gutter 31 through punch forming, and guiding gutter 31 shapes are as shown in Figure 5.Curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 usefulness revolute pairs are installed in 1 mouthful of seed-box, and curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 is the rocking bar of crank and rocker mechanism, and the adjusting of its angle is accomplished according to the crank that the angle instruction of accepting drives crank and rocker mechanism by stepper motor.Curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 also can directly seal seed-box 1 temporarily and export when situation such as the state of emergency, parking, seed is excessive.The signal that stepper motor is obtained according to monitoring sensor by computer supervisory control system 8 sends corresponding angle adjustment instruction operation.
2. the present invention is by having single file when being used for the sowing of many in a cave (but also multirow) multiple row hole seeds sucker 4 (as shown in Figure 9), reversing frame 5 and transmission mechanism, reversing frame angle-adjusting mechanism, grain conductor 12 and seeds sucker that assembly is formed 4 thereof and turning round transmission component; Seed flow on 4 of the seeds suckers with metastable curtain from the stabilier; Seed receives suction hole and inhales kind of the effect of airflow field aspiration power; Move to grain conductor 12 tops with dish after being adsorbed on the suction hole and put kind, in grain conductor 12 leads the groove that plough has been held successfully.Reversing frame transmission mechanism driving rotational frame 5 drives seeds sucker 4 revolutions; The preferred buncher of reversing frame 5 transmission mechanisms, the command speed operation that speed of gyration is sent according to computer supervisory control system 8 by buncher.The reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism is that an eccentric wheel endplay device is installed on the reversing frame 5 right-hand member center steering axles, mainly is manual reversing frame 5 angles that change when purposes such as being used to broadcast sowing.
Wherein, seeds sucker 4 versions are that hollow sealing, cross section are trapezoidal, have the suction hole that adapts with seed size on the card.Drive seeds sucker 4 revolutions at seeds sucker reversing frame 5 rotary middle spindle left ends by buncher and Synchronous Belt Drives, the command speed operation that buncher sends according to computer supervisory control system 8.The reversing frame angle-adjusting mechanism is used to regulate the angle of shedding when broadcasting sowing.
3. shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, distribute gyroaxis 7 to form the strength suction by air compressor, air pressure adjustment loop, strength among the present invention and put kind of an assembly.The air pressure adjustment loop is planted a required vacuum with the air pressure adjustment of air compressor machine to inhaling, and through the strength distribution system strength is assigned to each suction hole again.The suction kind strength of air pressure adjustment loop regulating system is made up of directional control valve, pressure-control valve, flow control valve etc.Adorn a strength in seeds sucker 4 rotary drive mechanism centers and distribute gyroaxis 7, turn round synchronously with seeds sucker 4.Strength distributes gyroaxis 7 to be divided into malleation chamber 71 and negative pressure cavity 72 for hollow and through seal diaphragm 6: malleation chamber 71 directly communicates with atmosphere; When forwarding when putting kind of position pressure release to, seeds sucker 4 puts kind; Negative pressure cavity 72 communicates with the air pressure adjustment loop and forms strength and inhale kind, and malleation chamber 71 and negative pressure cavity 72 alternately are switched on or switched off strength and realize inhaling, put kind of a process and hocket under the continuous gyration of axle like this.Be equipped with on the axial direction with the corresponding strength distribution flexible pipe 16 of each suction hole and through strength being distributed flexible pipe 16 strengths be assigned to each suction hole.
Wherein, the air compressor machine power requirement is less, but considers leakage, can be suitably big.It is that hollow-core construction, material are surperficial 65Mn spring steel through the grinding of hardening, distribute driving of gyroaxis 7 transmission mechanisms and seeds sucker 4 to turn round synchronously by strength that strength is distributed gyroaxis 7.Strength is distributed the identical hole of columns that evenly has on the gyroaxis 7 on and the seeds sucker 4 identical with seeds sucker 4 numbers, so that through strength delivery hose 16 strength is transported to each suction hole, and the columns in hole be listed as, and to be listed as distance apart from parameter and columns on the seeds sucker 4 identical.
In order not change or change less the strength distributing shaft, strength distribute on the gyroaxis 7 can many number of aperture to satisfy the requirement of different lines distance, the time spent strength distributes the hole on the gyroaxis 7 to block with plug.Seed is in cave or groove that grain conductor 12 and assembly thereof (among Fig. 5 shown in the assembly 7) guiding is accomplished fluently.Grain conductor 12 and assembly thereof are made up of grain conductor 12 and mounting fixing parts thereof, and wherein grain conductor 12 is a plastic flexible pipe.
4. computer supervisory control system of the present invention 8 mainly is made up of the sensor of first photoelectric sensor 10 of monitoring curtain stream changes in flow rate, second photoelectric sensor 11 of monitoring whether broadcast leakage and monitoring other system running status, computer software and hardware control system etc.Computer software and hardware control system according to various monitoring sensors like first photoelectric sensor 10 of monitoring curtain stream changes in flow rate, monitor and send corresponding operating instruction after corresponding judgment is monitored, made to information that second photoelectric sensor 11 etc. of whether broadcast leakage transmitted to the running status of system, like the speed of gyration regulating command of seeds sucker 4 etc.First photoelectric sensor 10, second photoelectric sensor 11 are made up of a plurality of luminous and photo detectors in pairs; The luminous seed curtain stream of giving of light-emitting component; The parameters such as optical signal light intensity that the variation of seed curtain stream is accepted photo detector also change thereupon; And convert with it this optical signal to the corresponding signal of telecommunication; Through becoming pulse signal after the amplification and rectification circuit processing; The information slip that this signal changes is understood seed curtain stream motion conditions, gives computer supervisory control system 8, and the motion state that computer supervisory control system 8 is strong and weak according to the next signal of telecommunication of photoelectric cell conversion, the variation speed is judged the seed curtain is also sent speed regulation to curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 stepper motors, driving rotational frame 5 rotating bunchers etc. and instructed.
Wherein, computer hardware system is made up of as device and sensor signal input channel and the control signal output channel etc. of exporting and import data, instruction as control core parts, display and keyboard single chip computer AT 89c51.The sensor signal input channel have monitoring curtain stream changes in flow rate first photoelectric sensor 10, monitor second photoelectric sensor 11 of whether broadcast leakage, the gait of march sensor of monitoring mechanical oscillation signal, smart bunch planting position-sensing switch, sucker alignment sensor etc.; The control signal output channel has stabilier stepper motor, reversing frame buncher, strength valve electromagnet, exception monitoring alarm etc.Various sensors become pulse signal behind amplification and rectification circuit; The situation that this signal changes is given computer supervisory control system 8 again; Send that various instruction and datas to exception monitoring is reported to the police or seed tray/cave counter or seeds sucker revolution buncher, or curtain stream current stabilization deflector 3 stepper motors or strength valve electromagnet through the judgement of computer supervisory control system 8, wherein strength valve electromagnet is strength adjustment loop.
Other functions of computer supervisory control system 8: whether photoelectric sensor detects to leak less and broadcasts; Install additional and reseed device 13, reseed device 13 and be installed on sowing system rear portion, have time enough to realize reseeding like this; And its structure can move left and right, with realize full row realize leaking broadcast less reseed as shown in Figure 2; The running status of other moving components of monitoring machinery is if any sending warning unusually and making handled.
5. comprise also in the sower of the present invention that these several assemblies such as sower chassis, functional unit (match as required, carry additionally), dynamical system all are conventional assembly of some dynamic power machines and the conventional optional component of sower, as long as carry out supporting selecting for use according to the complete machine job requirements.
Operation principle is as shown in Figure 2 when precise sowing, bunch planting, and bar operation principle sowing time is as shown in Figure 6, and operation principle is as shown in Figure 7 when broadcasting sowing.The present invention realizes that multiduty technical scheme, operation principle are following:
Operation principle when 1, bunch planting, precise sowing:
Operation principle is as shown in Figure 2 when precise sowing, bunch planting work.Mainly inhale and put the common seeding of accomplishing precise sowing such as kind of an assembly, grain conductor 12 and assembly, computer supervisory control system 8 etc. by seed-box and curtain stream current stabilization motion control component, seeds sucker and revolution transmission component thereof, strength.Be primarily characterized in that: the seed-distributing operation process mainly is divided into inhaling plants and puts kind; Seed flows under 3 effects of current stabilization deflector with stable streamed the moving on the seeds sucker 4 of curtain from seed-box 1 exit at curtain; Computer supervisory control system 8 photoelectric cell groups detect the mobile real-time status of seed curtain stream, send corresponding operating instruction by parameters such as cave distance of agriculture requirement, ranks distance simultaneously reversing frame 5 drive seeds suckers 4 are turned round; Inhale kind of a district and occur with the requirement that sets sending control signal corresponding according to unusual character, like control seed-box 1 stabilier angle, parking, acceleration and deceleration etc. when unusual when the seeds sucker of letting slip kind 4 gets into.The strength parts make seeds sucker 4 inner chambers form negative pressure and produce kind of the required aspiration power of inhaling, and this moment, seed was adsorbed on seeds sucker 4 suction holes under the effect of aspiration power, and unnecessary seed is freely fallen in the seed collection case 15 when seeds sucker 4 moves to end position; Seeds sucker 4 continues gyration to putting kind of a zone position with the seed of absorption; Eliminate aspiration power this moment; Seed freely falls in the grain conductor 12 (if when the seed of some kind is not easy to discharge controlled air-flow form just press kinds) and is discharged in the cave of being accomplished fluently or in the ditch, the completion seeding.Through water, earthing etc. accomplishes sowing, meanwhile, seed retracting device or system with unnecessary seed from collecting box 15 by feeding back to from the side in the seed-box 1.The realization precise sowing need be realized " to target " synchronously.So-called " to target " will guarantee that promptly the seed after the seeding is put in the groove of holding successfully or hole through grain conductor 12 exactly on the seeds sucker 4, also promptly must make groove or the position, hole that hold successfully in hole and land for growing field crops on the seeds sucker 4 corresponding." to target " method is following: regulate the gearratio of the variable ratio drive system of seeds sucker 4, make that seeds sucker 4 linear velocities are identical with gait of march to get final product.
2, bar operation principle sowing time of the present invention:
Bar operation principle sowing time is shown in accompanying drawing 6.Mainly accomplish by seed-box and adjustment assembly, seeds sucker 4 and adjustment motion assembly thereof.Outside seeds sucker 4, install the flat pattern band with holes with certain damping action that manufactures and designs on request additional, have corresponding drilling row hole on the flat pattern band, the parameter in hole is pressed agriculture requirement, shown in Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b.The computer system control machine can be realized by the parameter operation of drilling agriculture requirement.
Operation principle when 3, the present invention broadcasts sowing:
Operation principle is as shown in Figure 7 when broadcasting sowing.Mainly accomplish by seed-box and adjustment assembly, seeds sucker 4 and adjustment motion assembly thereof.Outside seeds sucker 4, install the certain damping flat pattern band that has that manufactures and designs on request additional, can realize by the parameter operation of broadcasting sowing agriculture requirement.With angle of seeds sucker 4 motion assembly reversing frames, 5 inclinations, shed angle when broadcasting sowing with formation.
Claims (7)
1. multipurpose precision planter; It is characterized in that, comprise seed-box (1), outlet aperture adjuster (2), curtain stream current stabilization deflector (3), drive rotary drive mechanism, strength regulating system, seal diaphragm (6), computer supervisory control system (8) that act drive unit, a plurality of seeds sucker (4), reversing frame (5), the driving rotational frame (5) of stream current stabilization deflector (3) angular adjustment done gyration; Said outlet aperture adjuster (2) and curtain stream current stabilization deflector (3) are installed in the exit of seed-box (1) and outlet that outlet aperture adjuster (2) is positioned at seed-box (1) is flowed between the current stabilization deflector (3) with curtain; First photoelectric sensor (10) of monitoring curtain stream changes in flow rate is installed between seed-box (1) outlet and curtain stream current stabilization deflector (3); First photoelectric sensor (10) sends curtain stream situation to computer supervisory control system (8), the motion of computer supervisory control system (8) accessory drive and curtain stream current stabilization deflector (3), and curtain stream current stabilization deflector (3) is provided with a plurality of guiding gutters (31); A plurality of seeds suckers (4) are distributed on the reversing frame (5), and each seeds sucker (4) is provided with the corresponding suction hole of holding successfully with big Tanaka of groove or position, hole; The air pressure adjustment loop that said strength regulating system comprises air compressor, links to each other with air compressor; Be equipped with and the synchronous rotating strength distribution gyroaxis (7) of seeds sucker (4) in reversing frame (5) center; Strength distributes gyroaxis (7) also to be divided into malleation chamber (71) and negative pressure cavity (72) through seal diaphragm (6) for hollow structure; The columns that distributes gyroaxis (7) to go up and have on and the seeds sucker (4) identical with seeds sucker (4) number along axial direction in strength is listed as apart from identical hole; Malleation chamber (71) and atmosphere, negative pressure cavity (72) communicates with the air pressure adjustment loop through the hole on the strength distribution gyroaxis (7) and strength is uniformly distributed with in each suction hole.
2. a kind of multipurpose precision planter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprise being coated on the flat belt with holes (9) that is used for precise sowing on the seeds sucker (4), flat belt with holes (9) be provided with seeds sucker on corresponding hole, hole.
3. a kind of multipurpose precision planter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises being coated on the atresia flat belt (17) that seeds sucker (4) is gone up and when broadcasting sowing, used.
4. a kind of multipurpose precision planter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said reversing frame (5) comprises driving-belt, two gyroaxises, and two gyroaxises are in transmission connection through driving-belt.
5. a kind of multipurpose precision planter according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said reversing frame (5) also is included in the reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism that the sower realization is used when broadcasting sowing, and said reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism is installed on the gyroaxis of reversing frame (5) right-hand member.
6. a kind of multipurpose precision planter according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said reversing frame angle adjusting mechanism is an eccentric wheel endplay device.
7. a kind of multipurpose precision planter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said seeds sucker (4) is a single file multiple row pore structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100033586A CN102106210B (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-01-10 | Multifunctional precision planter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100033586A CN102106210B (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-01-10 | Multifunctional precision planter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102106210A CN102106210A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
| CN102106210B true CN102106210B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100033586A Expired - Fee Related CN102106210B (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2011-01-10 | Multifunctional precision planter |
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| CN (1) | CN102106210B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110100535A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-09 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of hand-push-type plant planter |
| US11619530B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 | 2023-04-04 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | System and method for detecting an operational status of a tool of an agricultural implement based on fluid flow |
| CN110741785B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2024-06-11 | 东北农业大学 | Suction-amount-adjustable seed sucking disc for air-sucking seed metering device |
| CN112492907A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-16 | 田敬园 | Based on circulating agricultural device for farming |
| CN112673766B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-06-14 | 广州万为通达科技有限公司 | Biological seed is seeding equipment in batches |
| CN112913396A (en) * | 2021-02-11 | 2021-06-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Precision seeding apparatus with track concave |
| CN114532004B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-06-16 | 黄淮学院 | Sowing device for bastard grass planting |
| CN114568078A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-03 | 徐州伟创生态农业科技有限公司 | A automatic seeder for vegetable planting |
| CN116530267B (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2024-01-12 | 永好智能科技(江苏)有限公司 | Seeder compatible with corn-shaped and soybean double-seedling-zone seeding |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2317611Y (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-05-12 | 石河子植保机械厂 | Aspirated-air precision seed planter |
| JP2002315407A (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-10-29 | Kubota Corp | Direct seeder |
| CN2679987Y (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2005-02-23 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Air-suction type single or double strip seed sowing device |
| CN201081892Y (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-07-09 | 王继东 | Gas intaking seeding device of seeding machine |
| CA2635401C (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-11-24 | One Pass Implements Inc. | Air seeder/fertilizer apparatus having metering means and distribution manifold with selectively openable ports |
-
2011
- 2011-01-10 CN CN2011100033586A patent/CN102106210B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102106210A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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