CN205970916U - 模块化充电车 - Google Patents

模块化充电车 Download PDF

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CN205970916U
CN205970916U CN201620974534.9U CN201620974534U CN205970916U CN 205970916 U CN205970916 U CN 205970916U CN 201620974534 U CN201620974534 U CN 201620974534U CN 205970916 U CN205970916 U CN 205970916U
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charging
modularity
input
changer
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陈炯
张建兴
何旭
徐红刚
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NIO Co Ltd
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NIO Co Ltd
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Priority to US16/329,689 priority patent/US11001153B2/en
Priority to EP17845296.7A priority patent/EP3505388B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/098658 priority patent/WO2018040994A1/zh
Priority to TW106212669U priority patent/TWM554864U/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • H02J1/001—Hot plugging or unplugging of load or power modules to or from power distribution networks
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
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    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型属于电动汽车领域，具体提供一种模块化充电车，本实用新型旨在解决现有充电车需要为各种规格的电动汽车配置单独充电桩，重复性开发的问题。本实用新型的充电车包括主控制器和至少两个充放电模块，所述充放电模块包括充电输入端、电池包、DC/DC变换器和充电输出端，所述电池包与所述充电输入端和所述DC/DC变换器连接，所述DC/DC变换器与所述充电输出端连接，所述充放电模块之间并联，合成一路输入和合成一路输出，所述控制器能够控制所述充放电模块进行电能的存储和释放，实现不同功率的输入或输出功能。

Description

模块化充电车
技术领域
本实用新型属于电动汽车领域，具体提供一种模块化充电车。
背景技术
随着电动汽车的高速发展和广泛应用，人们对电动汽车的充电站也提出了更高的要求。为了方便电动汽车在不同场所充电，可移动充电车作为充电站的补充，已越来越广地被应用。但是，目前的充电站和可移动充电车需要为不同规格的电动车配置单独的充电桩，以满足充电桩的输入功率和输出功率相匹配，导致充电车重复性开发，不仅增加了充电站的研发周期还增加了充电站投放市场的时间。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的可移动充电车来解决上述问题。
实用新型内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有充电车重复性开发的问题，本实用新型提供了一种模块化充电车。所述模块化充电车包括主控制器和并联的至少两个充放电模块，每个所述充放电模块包括充电输入端、电池包、DC/DC变换器和充电输出端，所述电池包与所述充电输入端和所述DC/DC变换器连接，所述DC/DC变换器与所述充电输出端连接，所述主控制器与每个所述充放电模块的DC/DC变换器相连，用于控制每个所述充放电模块进行电能的存储和释放，以便输入或输出不同功率。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述模块化充电车还包括输入投切模块，所述输入投切模块安装在所述充电输入端与所述电池包之间并且与所述主控制器相连，用于将多个所述充电输入端合成一路。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述输入投切模块上设置有与所述充放电模块数量相同的多个接触器，所述接触器用于将所述电池包连接到所述充电输入端。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述模块化充电车还包括与所述充放电模块的数量相对应的至少两个输入控制器，所述输入控制器分别与所述充电输入端和所述电池包连接，用于控制所述电池包的充电操作。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述模块化充电车还包括与所述充放电模块的数量相对应的至少两个输出控制器，所述输出控制器连接到所述DC/DC变换器和所述主控制器，用于控制所述DC/DC变换器的放电操作。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述输出控制器还连接到设置在所述DC/DC变换器与所述充电输出端之间的多个接触器，以便控制所述接触器来连通或断开所述DC/DC变换器与所述充电输出端之间的连接。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述充电输入端设置有直流充电桩。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述充电输入端还设置有交流充电桩，所述交流充电桩通过AC/DC变换器连接到所述输入投切模块。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述主控制器也连接到所述AC/DC变换器以便控制所述交流充电桩的操作。
在本实用新型的优选技术方案中，所述模块化充电车还包括交流输入端，所述交流输入端也通过所述AC/DC变换器连接到所述输入投切模块。
在本实用新型的技术方案中，通过主控制器控制多个充放电模块进行电能的释放和存储，具体地，主控制器通过输入投切模块、输入控制器和输出控制器，实现各电池包之间既可单独充电、放电又可任意组合并联的充电放电，使得模块化充电车能够输入或输出不同功率。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的整体系统框图。
图2是本实用新型的单个充放电模块的框图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本实用新型的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本实用新型的技术原理，并非旨在限制本实用新型的保护范围。本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
根据图1和图2所示，模块化可移动充电车整体系统包括主控制器、AC/DC变换器、输入投切模块、输入控制器、输出控制器和多个充放电模块，并且每个充放电模块可单独完成电能的释放和存储。
根据图2所示，每个充放电模块主要包括充电输入端(位于图2中输入投切模块的左侧)、电池包、DC/DC变换器和充电输出端(位于图2中DC/DC变换器的右侧)。充电输入端、电池包、DC/DC变换器和充电输出端，按照图2所示从左至右的顺序依次连接，输入控制器设置在充电输入端和电池包之间，并且输入控制器的一端与电池包连接，输入控制器的另一端与充电输入端的直流充电桩连接，输入控制器能够将电池包的温度、电量、充电时间等信息反馈给主控制器和充电输入端的直流充电桩，以便控制电池包的充电操作。
需要说明的是，充电输入端和充电输出端并非具体指某一装置或部件，这里的充电输入端和充电输出端是对电池包的充电连线端和放电连线端的泛指。
继续参阅图2，充电输入端与直流充电桩电连接，使得直流充电桩能够对电池包进行充电。DC/DC变换器可将电池包正负极提供的直流电压转化为满足电动汽车需要的直流电压，进一步将充电输出端与电动汽车充电口连接，对电动汽车进行充电。当电池包的电量过低时，输入控制器会将电池包的电量信息反馈给主控制器，进而停止对电动汽车充电；当电池包进行充电时，输入控制器会将电池包的实时电量反馈给主控制器和直流充电桩，当电池包被充满电时，主控制器会命令输入控制器，使直流充电桩停止向电池供电。
继续参阅图1，输入投切模块包括多个接触器，充电输入端与电池包通过接触器电连接，并且该接触器还设置有另一个输入端，通过该输入端电池包可与交流充电桩或者其他充电功率的充电桩进行连接，以满足电池包对不同输入功率的需求。如上所述，输入控制器除了与充电输入端和电池包连接以外，还与主控制器相连接。并且，CANaN是输入控制器N与直流充电桩之间的传输信号，CANbN是输入控制器N与电池包之间的传输信号，CANcN是输入控制器N与主控制器之间的传输信号。DC/DC变换器的电流输出端同样设置有接触器，该接触器与每个输出控制器连接，使得每个输出控制器能够独立控制该接触器的通断。基于此，通过主控制器并结合相应的硬件接口和通信协议，所述充放电模块是可以扩展的。
如图1所示，各充放电模块上连接充电输入端和电池包的接触器均布置在输入投切模块上，并且AC/DC变换器能够使交流充电桩给每个充放电模块中电池充电，满足长时间慢充输入和无法找到直流桩时的应急需求。所有接触器都分别与AC/DC变换器的电流输出端连接，DC/DC变换器的电流输出端的接触器均与输出控制器连接，以便输出控制器能够控制这些接触器的通断，并且所有接触器另一端的电源输出线最终连接到一条总的电源输出线上，以便各充放电模块能够并联输出，对各种型号的电动汽车进行充电作业。
继续参阅图1，一方面，主控制器分别与各充放电模块的输入控制器连接，用于监测和控制各单路电池包；另一方面，主控制器分别与输入投切模块上的接触器连接，用于控制各接触器的通断，将多路输入合并成一路，以适应不同的输入功率工况，实现不同充电倍率对移动充电车内的一块储能电池充电；再者，主控制器与输出控制器连接，通过控制输出控制器对各DC/DC变换器的电流输出端的接触器进行投切，可将多路输出合成一路，以适应不同的输出功率需求，实现不同充电倍率对外部车辆的充电；另外，主控制器与AC/DC变换器连接，用于例如在交流慢充时，将相关电池包的电压、电流、温度、电量等数据反馈给交流充电桩，以便控制交流充电桩或AC/DC变换器的操作。
综上所述，在充电车充电时，可以通过各充放电模块的直流充电桩分别给对应的电池包充电；也可以通过主控制器控制输入投切模板上的接触器将多路输入合成一路，对充电车内的某一电池包进行集中充电；当没有直流充电桩时，还可以通过AC/DC变换器，对每个充放电模块中的电池包进行充电。在充电车给电动汽车充电时，主控制器会根据不同规格的电动汽车将信息发送给输出控制器，输出控制器控制DC/DC变换器的电流输出端的接触器，将多路输出合成一路，对电动汽车进行充电。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本实用新型的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本实用新型的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本实用新型的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述模块化充电车包括主控制器和并联的至少两个充放电模块，
每个所述充放电模块包括充电输入端、电池包、DC/DC变换器和充电输出端，所述电池包与所述充电输入端和所述DC/DC变换器连接，所述DC/DC变换器与所述充电输出端连接，
所述主控制器与每个所述充放电模块的DC/DC变换器相连，用于控制每个所述充放电模块进行电能的存储和释放，以便输入或输出不同功率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述模块化充电车还包括输入投切模块，所述输入投切模块安装在所述充电输入端与所述电池包之间并且与所述主控制器相连，用于将多个所述充电输入端合成一路。
3.根据权利要求2所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述输入投切模块上设置有与所述充放电模块数量相同的多个接触器，所述接触器用于将所述电池包连接到所述充电输入端。
4.根据权利要求3所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述模块化充电车还包括与所述充放电模块的数量相对应的至少两个输入控制器，所述输入控制器分别与所述充电输入端和所述电池包连接，用于控制所述电池包的充电操作。
5.根据权利要求4所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述模块化充电车还包括与所述充放电模块的数量相对应的至少两个输出控制器，所述输出控制器连接到所述DC/DC变换器和所述主控制器，用于控制所述DC/DC变换器的放电操作。
6.根据权利要求5所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述输出控制器还连接到设置在所述DC/DC变换器与所述充电输出端之间的多个接触器，以便控制所述接触器来连通或断开所述DC/DC变换器与所述充电输出端之间的连接。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述充电输入端设置有直流充电桩。
8.根据权利要求7所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述充电输入端还设置有交流充电桩，所述交流充电桩通过AC/DC变换器连接到所述输入投切模块。
9.根据权利要求8所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述主控制器也连接到所述AC/DC变换器以便控制所述交流充电桩的操作。
10.根据权利要求9所述的模块化充电车，其特征在于，所述模块化充电车还包括交流输入端，所述交流输入端也通过所述AC/DC变换器连接到所述输入投切模块。
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