CN205694818U - A kind of tidal type soilless culture facility - Google Patents
A kind of tidal type soilless culture facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN205694818U CN205694818U CN201620533704.XU CN201620533704U CN205694818U CN 205694818 U CN205694818 U CN 205694818U CN 201620533704 U CN201620533704 U CN 201620533704U CN 205694818 U CN205694818 U CN 205694818U
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- soilless culture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of tidal type soilless culture facility, cultivate unit including at least one, cultivation unit includes cultivation bed and " Ω " type demarcation strip；Cultivation bed includes the growing area on top and the feed tank of bottom, and the lower end of growing area forms the upper end of step and feed tank and fixes that to make the cross section of cultivation bed be T-shape to inner side；Described feed tank be respectively arranged at two ends with feed pipe and communicating pipe, closely connect tube side at cultivation bed and form discharge opeing trough by active plugboard, closely connecting pipe end at cultivation bed and be provided with " U " type siphon, the siphonal one end of " U " type and communicating pipe connection, the other end is passed through discharge opeing trough；The arc area of " Ω " type demarcation strip is provided with hole, and " Ω " type demarcation strip is placed on the step of cultivation bed by the wing of its both sides.This utility model soilless culture facility has can be provided good growing environment, the plantation amount that land area of one unit is greatly improved and harvest yield for plant growing and can save the advantage such as substrate and nutritional solution consumption.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to cultivation technique without soil field, relates to a kind of tidal type soilless culture facility.
Background technology
Soilless culture is acknowledged as a revolutionary achievement and the breakthrough of 20th century world agriculture science and technology.China is certainly
Real starting research and development since the establishment of the nation are in the 1980's with application cultivation technique without soil, after reform and opening-up, along with port, open city
The mouth guesthouses for foreign guests cleaning pollution-free salad vegetable rush of demand to western-style food, promotes National agricultural portion and each province and city project verification to grind
Study carefully.Be primarily involved in research and develop unit have Agricultural University Of Nanjing, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture agriculture project academy, Zhejiang academy of agricultural sciences,
Beijing Agricultural University, Zhejiang Agricultural Univ, Jiangsu academy of agricultural sciences and Shandong agricultural university, Shanghai academy of agricultural sciences, south China agricultural university etc., finally draw
Enter and research and develop and promoted such as nutrient film techinique, kickboard hollow billet water culture, Different Stroma training, deep liquid stream water planting skill
The soilless culture systems such as art, Shandong SC tank farming, Soilless culture technology, above-mentioned cultivation technique without soil effectively alleviates and opens then
Put harbour, city guesthouses for foreign guests clean pollution-free raw vegetable is special procured.So far, ecological organic substrate train in Desert of Gobi, south
Skerries Deng Fei arable land district, sea military project petroleum base large-area applications is in the production of fresh vegetables and fruits, and water culture technique then more to be applied to
The fields such as flower culture sight-seeing agriculture and industrial crops nursery, all achieve significant social economy ecological benefits.SOLID ORGANIC
Substrate culture typically supports the use with drip irrigation system, but the irrigation water of China's most area mostly is hard water, containing more
The impurity such as salt, life-time service is easily caused the hollow billet blocking of drip irrigation.The cleaner convenience of gardening product that water culture technique produces, but
Technical difficulty is bigger, it is desirable to grower has certain know-how, and cost is the highest, and paroxysmal long-time power failure
Crop can be caused to wilt because feed flow is not enough even dead.
Tidal irrigation is one of bottom-irrigating form, during operation irrigation water or nutritional solution through water inlet flow into cultivating pool or
Planting bed, after liquid level reaches 4-6cm, (concrete liquid level and holding time depending on cultivation matrix, is planted to maintain 5-10 minute
Depending on species and growth and development stage thereof), after substrate water-holding capacity is saturated, irrigation liquid is returned to storage by outlet through filtering, sterilizing
Flow container, whole process is gone through flood tide (irrigation), two stages of ebb tide (backwater), is similar to tidewater fluctuation, therefore named tidal irrigation.Tide
It is to overcome centrifugal force to infiltrate substrate from bottom to top under capillary force pulls that nighttide formula irrigates moisture, is different from dependence gravity
Effect increases the top of water content of substrate and irrigates.Compared with other irrigation method, tidal irrigation mode has water supply the most fast
Speed, water-saving fertilizer-saving, the problem causing crop water shortage because of sudden power failure in water planting can be overcome.It is more suitable for large-scale factory
Change crop production.
At present, tidal irrigation is extensive at Application comparison agriculturally, and from the production of flowers, such as Flos Hydrangeae Macrophyllae, the red palm, arrive
The production of vegetable, such as Plantula Brassicae chinensis, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, Cucurbita pepo L. etc., all relates to.But the facility used in these tidal irrigations mostly is
Ground cultivating pool and planting bed two kinds of application forms.Ground cultivating pool is in ground, operative or other management be easy to by
Pathogenic soil microorganism is brought into and is caused irrigation liquid to pollute, and cultivating pool position, size are relatively fixed, and are unfavorable for phytopathy
Evil controls and plant growth regulating.Although the planting bed deficiency that can overcome ground cultivating pool, but its cost is higher, is unsuitable for big
Area is promoted, and both planting forms the most do not improve the utilization rate in soil compared with traditional outdoor cropping.
In sum, generally there is the production efficiency of facility resource and utilize effect in the vegetable soilless culture system of domestic current
Rate is low, it is impossible to the problems such as the demand of adaptation high efficiency factory farm development trend.It is in particular in existing cultivating facility such as Shandong
Substrate and the nutritional solution amount ratio of SC etc. are more, and the materials making cultivation bed are the most, and cultivation bed inside and outside portion structure is not suitable for planting
The growth growing also and then affecting plant of thing root.Then, we are to technology upgrading and the innovation in addition of existing cultivation system, if
Counting out and be suitable to batch production, intelligent production, the vegetable tidal type soilless culture facility of highly effective, to meeting facility, nothing
Soilization, intellectuality, the development trend of the intensive modern agriculture of efficient industrial.
Utility model content
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of simple in construction, do not have plantation place especially
Require, good growing environment, the plantation amount that land area of one unit is greatly improved and harvest yield can be provided for plant growing and can save
The about highly effective tidal type Soilless culture trough of substrate and nutritional solution consumption.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of tidal type soilless culture facility, cultivates unit including at least one, and described cultivation unit includes cultivation bed 1
" Ω " type demarcation strip 2；Described cultivation bed 1 includes the growing area 5 on top and the feed tank 4 of bottom, the lower end of growing area 5 to
Inner side forms the upper end of step 3 and feed tank 4 and fixes that to make the cross section of cultivation bed 1 be T-shape；The two ends of described feed tank 4
It is respectively equipped with feed pipe 7 and communicating pipe 6.2, forms discharge opeing trough in cultivation bed 1 side of nearly communicating pipe 6.2 by active plugboard 6.3
6, cultivation bed 1 nearly communicating pipe 6.2 end be provided with " U " type siphon 6.1, one end of described " U " type siphon 6.1 and communicating pipe
6.2 connect, and the other end is passed through discharge opeing trough 6；The arc area of described " Ω " type demarcation strip 2 is provided with some for permeable
Hole 2.1, " Ω " type demarcation strip 2 is placed on the step 3 of cultivation bed 1 by the wing of its both sides.
Arch section at described " Ω " type demarcation strip 2 is uniformly distributed the circular opening 2.1 of a diameter of 5mm, adjacent holes
Spacing between hole is 1.5cm.Distance between this utility model adjacent holes refer between adjacent circular hole center away from
From.
The effect of discharge opeing trough 6 is the space providing siphon for " U " type siphon 6.1, when the nutritional solution in feed tank 4 overflows
When crossing the top of " U " type siphon 6.1, forming siphon in " U " type siphon, the nutritional solution in feed tank 4 passes through " U " type siphon
Bank of tubes goes out feed tank 4.
Described growing area 5 and the cross section of feed tank 4 are all in inverted trapezoidal, and the overall crosssections in appearance of cultivation bed (1) is in " T "
Type.
When described tidal type soilless culture facility is made up of a cultivation unit, by communicating pipe 6.2 and feed flow during use
The end that groove 4 connects is sealed up；When described tidal type soilless culture facility is made up of at least two cultivation unit, one of them
Cultivation unit passes through to connect with the feed pipe 7 of adjacent cultivation unit communicating pipe 6.2 so that adjacent cultivation unit is connected.
Described active plugboard 6.3 is dismountable plate.Described tidal type soilless culture facility is planted by least two
When training unit is composed in series, remove the active plugboard 6.3 in other cultivation unit outside the cultivation unit being positioned at drain side, will
The region of former discharge opeing trough changes growing area into, increases cultivated area.
Described " U " type siphon 6.1 is passed through the port of discharge opeing trough 6 with the bottom of feed tank 4 at a distance of 0.5cm；" U " type
Siphon top exceeds the top 1cm of " Ω " type demarcation strip 2.The height on " U " type siphon 6.1 summit directly determines that feed flow is high
Degree, and only when liquid supply rate overflows to siphon top, siphonage could be formed.Tidal type soilless culture facility is by least two
When individual cultivation unit is composed in series, the siphon of other cultivation unit in addition to the cultivation unit of drain side is inoperative,
But be directly discharged to by 6.2 feed flows of communicating pipe in the feed tank 4 of next cultivation unit.
A kind of solid cultivation system using described tidal type soilless culture facility to make, at " A " font solid cultivation
Tidal type soilless culture facility is placed in the both sides of frame, and described tidal type soilless culture facility includes a cultivation unit.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
This utility model soilless culture facility structure is simple, not specially requires plantation place, can carry for plant growing
For good growing environment, plantation amount and the harvest yield of land area of one unit are greatly improved, and substrate and nutritional solution consumption can be saved
Highly effective tidal type soilless culture facility.It is embodied in:
Cambered design in " Ω " type demarcation strip had both been beneficial to nutritional solution and had been delivered to plant by capillarity rapidly and uniformly
Root, discharges unnecessary moisture after the most beneficially feed flow terminates, and can increase the contact area of substrate and air, increases substrate
In oxygen content, and for plant growth provide suitable water, fertilizer, gas condition.And in " Ω " type demarcation strip two are open and flat
Wing is then conducive to the cleaning of substrate after cultivation.
This utility model soilless culture facility is both suitable for being placed directly in ground and is used alone, and is more suitable for being placed on " A "
Connect into a system on font cultivating stand and carry out solid cultivation, meet the requirement of process of Industrial Agriculture production.If this practicality is new
Type soilless culture facility is placed in high 1.5m, and bottom width is on special " A " font stereoscopic cultivating frame of 1.55m, and " A " font is three-dimensional
5 rows can be put in every side of cultivating stand, then can place ten soilless culture facilities on a cultivating stand, and land use rate can reach
110%, and general solid cultivation land use rate is between 90%～100%, land use rate improve 10%～
22.2%.
This utility model use " U " type siphon, communicating pipe, feed pipe, active plugboard, " Ω " type demarcation strip is can
Dismounting, replaceable accessory, can flexible assembling in actual agricultural production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cultivation unit of this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the discharge opeing trough of the cultivation unit of this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of " Ω " type demarcation strip of the cultivation bed of this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility.
Wherein: 1-cultivation bed, 2-" Ω " type demarcation strip, 3-step, 4-feed tank, 5-growing area, 6-discharge opeing trough, 7-supplies
Liquid pipe；2.1-small holes, 6.1-" U " type siphon, 6.2-communicating pipe, 6.3 active plugboards.
Fig. 4 cultivates 4 times of low body foot Huang little Bai for using this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility and same specification Shandong SC
Number of blade trendgram during dish.
Fig. 5 cultivates 4 times of low body foot Huang little Bai for using this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility and same specification Shandong SC
Plant height trendgram during dish.
Fig. 6 cultivates 4 times of low body foot Huang little Bai for using this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility and same specification Shandong SC
Degree of development trendgram during dish.
Detailed description of the invention
With specific embodiment, the technical solution of the utility model is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a kind of tidal type soilless culture facility, including a cultivation unit, described cultivation
Unit includes cultivation bed 1 and " Ω " type demarcation strip 2；Described cultivation bed 1 includes the growing area 5 on top and the feed tank 4 of bottom,
The lower end of growing area 5 forms the upper end of step 3 and feed tank 4 and fixes that to make the cross section of cultivation bed 1 be T-shape to inner side；Described
Feed tank 4 be respectively arranged at two ends with feed pipe 7 and communicating pipe 6.2, pass through active plugboard in cultivation bed 1 side of nearly communicating pipe 6.2
6.3 formed discharge opeing troughs 6, cultivation bed 1 nearly communicating pipe 6.2 end be provided with " U " type siphon 6.1, described " U " type siphon
6.1 connect one end and communicating pipe 6.2, the other end is passed through discharge opeing trough 6, is positioned at port and the feed tank 4 of discharge opeing trough 6
Bottom is at a distance of 0.5cm, and " U " type siphon top exceeds the top 1cm of " Ω " type demarcation strip 2；Described " Ω " type demarcation strip 2
Arc area is provided with some for permeable hole 2.1, and " Ω " type demarcation strip 2 is placed in cultivation bed 1 by the wing of its both sides
Step 3 on.
The circular opening of a diameter of 5mm of described hole 2.1, the spacing between adjacent holes is 1.5cm.Described kind
Plant the cross section of district 5 and feed tank 4 all in inverted trapezoidal；Upper bottom width 22cm of growing area 5, lower bottom width 10cm, high 12cm；Feed tank
Upper bottom width 7cm of 4, lower bottom width 5cm, high 4cm.
Substrate needs after being used for multiple times to clear up away from growing area, now has fraction matrix unrestrained from agricultural root resistance cloth
On demarcation strip, two open and flat wings in " Ω " type demarcation strip can prevent substrate from falling into feed tank further.Demarcation strip exists
Taking out during cleaning substrate, if there is no unrestrained substrate on demarcation strip, demarcation strip need not be taken out.
Application Example
1, material prepares
The test kind of cultivation is 4 times of low body feet Huangs that Agricultural University Of Nanjing Hou Xilin teaches Chinese cabbage Research Team.Educate
Seedling substrate is the seeding and seedling raising substrate (total nutrient content (N+P that Zhenjiang Pei Lei fertilizer company limited produces2O5+K2O):
2.0%-5.0%, the content of organic matter (butt): >=20%), cultivation substrate is that Zhenjiang Pei Lei fertilizer company limited produces
Cultivation organoclay (content of organic matter is not less than 25%).Test site is Agricultural University Of Nanjing's decorated archway Experimental Base.
(Xing Yuxian, Wang Xiufeng, Wang Xuejun etc., " Shandong SC-II type " is without soil for tidal type soilless culture facility and same specification Shandong SC
Cultivation arranges system and benefit type [J], China's Vegetable, 1992 (S1): 24-29.) all make by the PVC board that thickness is 3mm,
Each system 8.The size of tidal type soilless culture facility is: upper bottom width 22cm of growing area, lower bottom width 10cm, high 12cm；Feed flow
Upper bottom width 7cm of groove, lower bottom width 5cm, high 4cm.The size of same specification Shandong SC is: upper bottom width 22cm of growing area, lower bottom width
11cm, high 11cm；Upper bottom width 11cm of feed tank, high 11cm.
2, test method
By the seed yellow with 4 times of low body feet with 10% liquor natrii hypochloritis's surface sterilization 5～10min, then at 55 DEG C
Temperature is scalded and is processed 15min in water, and then soak seed in the warm water of 30 DEG C 8h, the calorstat being placed on 28 DEG C in accelerating germination, humidity
80%, keep dark, until germinateing.
Treat seed germination, choose the planting seed of full, germination neat and consistent in the 128 hole dishes equipped with seedling medium
In, one, every cave.After having sowed, hole tray is placed in the greenhouse that illumination is good, irregularly supplements the moisture in substrate, build
Be suitable to the environment of leaf vegetables growth.
Two process are set: tidal type soilless culture facility processes, Shandong SC process, on each demarcation strip, before field planting, pad one
The agricultural root resistance cloth of layer, the most again by cultivation substrate uniform spreading on agricultural root resistance cloth.Treat that leaf vegetables plant strain growth is to 5 leaves
The period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m is colonizated in tidal type soilless culture facility and Shandong SC respectively, and each process sets 8 repetitions, and random alignment becomes two rows, often
4 times of low body foot Huang Plantula Brassicae chinensis of field planting two row, often row field planting 10, spacing in the rows 10cm in individual cultivation bed.Each process is carried out tidal type
Irrigating, irrigate clear water every day once, when liquid level lifting height is from substrate base up 3cm, nutritional solution is discharged through siphon port
Cultivating facility, completes a feed flow cycle.
Measure the plant height of Plantula Brassicae chinensis, degree of development after transplanting week about, and record its number of blade.Last independent measurement is little
The single plant yield of Chinese cabbage i.e. fresh weight and dry weight, and chlorophyll content.Every sub-sampling is randomly drawed 6 in each cultivation bed and is planted
Strain.Comprehensive analysis the present embodiment tidal type soilless culture facility and the cost of Shandong SC, substrates quantity, nutritional solution consumption, Plantula Brassicae chinensis
Yield and quality, and compare the cultivation effect of tidal type soilless culture facility accordingly.
3. experimental result and analysis
Table 1 this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility and Shandong SC substrates quantity, nutritional solution consumption and consumable quantity
Relatively
Being shown by table 1, the present embodiment tidal type soilless culture facility is at substrates quantity, nutritional solution consumption and makes material
Consumption aspect has saved 4.33%, 28.53% and 10.86% than same specification Shandong SC respectively.
Table 2 this utility model tidal type soilless culture facility and Shandong SC are at the ratio of 4 times of low body foot Huang Plantula Brassicae chinensis cultivation yield
Relatively
Being shown by table 2, it is the poorest that the present embodiment tidal type soilless culture facility and tradition Shandong SC have in terms of crop yield
Different, higher than same specification Shandong SC respectively at aspects such as economic flow rate, Herb fresh weight, Herb dry weight, underground part fresh weight, underground part dry weights
Go out 33.7%, 37.5%, 15.9%, 5.1%, 39.89%.
Shown by Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, with tradition Shandong SC compared with, the present embodiment tidal type soilless culture facility the number of blade,
Have a clear superiority in the growth indexes such as plant height, degree of development.
Above-mentioned enforcement is only descriptions to this utility model embodiment, not to design of the present utility model with
Scope is bound, and on the premise of without departing from this utility model design concept, this area other staff set this utility model
Count any deformation and improvement made, protection domain of the present utility model all should be fallen into.
Claims (6)
1. a tidal type soilless culture facility, it is characterised in that include that at least one cultivates unit, described cultivation unit bag
Include cultivation bed (1) and " Ω " type demarcation strip (2)；Described cultivation bed (1) includes growing area (5) and the feed tank of bottom on top
(4), the lower end of growing area (5) forms the fixing cross section making cultivation bed (1) in upper end of step (3) and feed tank (4) to inner side
In T-shape；Described feed tank (4) be respectively arranged at two ends with feed pipe (7) and communicating pipe (6.2), closely connect at cultivation bed (1)
Pipe (6.2) side forms discharge opeing trough (6) by active plugboard (6.3), holds in cultivation bed (1) nearly communicating pipe (6.2) and is provided with " U " type
Siphon (6.1), one end of described " U " type siphon (6.1) and communicating pipe (6.2) connect, and the other end is passed through discharge opeing trough
(6)；The arc area of described " Ω " type demarcation strip (2) is provided with some for permeable hole (2.1), " Ω " type demarcation strip
(2) it is placed on the step (3) of cultivation bed (1) by the wing of its both sides.
Tidal type soilless culture facility the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at described " Ω " type demarcation strip (2)
Arch section be uniformly distributed the circular opening (2.1) of a diameter of 5mm, the spacing between adjacent holes (2.1) is 1cm.
Tidal type soilless culture facility the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described growing area (5) and feed tank
(4) cross section is all in inverted trapezoidal, and the overall crosssections in appearance of cultivation bed (1) is T-shape.
Tidal type soilless culture facility the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described tidal type soilless culture sets
Executing when be made up of at least two cultivation unit, one of them cultivation unit passes through confession of communicating pipe (6.2) and adjacent cultivation unit
Liquid pipe (7) connects so that adjacent cultivation unit is connected.
Tidal type soilless culture facility the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described active plugboard (6.3) is can
The plate of dismounting；When described tidal type soilless culture facility is composed in series by least two cultivation unit, removes and be positioned at discharge opeing
The active plugboard (6.3) in other cultivation unit outside the cultivation unit of end.
Tidal type soilless culture facility the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described " U " type siphon (6.1)
It is passed through the port of discharge opeing trough (6) with the bottom of feed tank (4) at a distance of 0.5cm；The top of " U " type siphon (6.1) exceeds
The top 1cm of " Ω " type demarcation strip (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201620533704.XU CN205694818U (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of tidal type soilless culture facility |
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| CN201620533704.XU CN205694818U (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | A kind of tidal type soilless culture facility |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830904A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-10 | 南京农业大学 | Tidal soilless cultivation equipment |
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2016
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830904A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-10 | 南京农业大学 | Tidal soilless cultivation equipment |
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