CN205691075U - The measurement frock of perpendicularity between guide rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses the measurement frock of perpendicularity between a kind of guide rail, it includes the autocollimator of the straightness error for measuring basis surface, and prism and reflecting mirror, described reflecting mirror is arranged on surface to be measured, light is reflected mirror reflection Hou Yuan road backspace after refraction by prism again, is again received by autocollimator.Between guide rail of the present utility model, squareness measurement frock passes through measuring basis surface and the straightness error on surface to be measured, and by calculating the error of perpendicularity value of reference surface and surface to be measured.

Description

The measurement frock of perpendicularity between guide rail

Technical field

This utility model relates to the measurement frock of perpendicularity between a kind of guide rail, belongs to dimensional measurement technical field.

Background technology

In tow-armed robot body construction with key feature production process, machine tool guideway linearity is that geometry measures A content most basic, most important in amount field, is also the geometric senses such as flatness, the depth of parallelism, perpendicularity, axiality simultaneously Fundamentals of Measurement.Guide rail linearity error directly influences the machining accuracy of workpiece, so the measurement of guide rail linearity error is work A very important project in industry fields of measurement.Traditional Linearity surveying method, such as leveling ruler method, level indicator, steel wire method etc., Although appliance is simple, being often used, but each have some limitations in reality, certainty of measurement is the highest, and efficiency is low, Performance cannot ensure；Meanwhile, with collimated beam as measuring basis, four-quadrant photocell is that the method for receiving device is owing to planting Plant reason and fail practical always, and laser interferometer measurement rule is due to its selling at exorbitant prices, and be difficult to be promoted.

Along with developing rapidly of every profession and trade and deepening continuously of related science research, squareness measurement is proposed increasingly Many and the highest requirements.Squareness measurement is an important content of accurate measurement, be used for evaluating between straight line, plane it Between or straight line and plane between orthogonal level, its cathetus (or plane) can be straight line (or plane) part of sample Or the straight line (or plane) that movement locus is formed.Common verticality measuring method can be generally divided into special instrument measurement method and Laser optical method.

Special instrument measurement method mainly uses verticality measuring instrument, digital-display height indicator, clinometer or autocollimator etc. special Industry measuring instrument carries out squareness measurement, and recycling diagram method processes.This method is simple to operate, convenient data processing, but only fits For middle finding and the measurement of short distance perpendicularity, measure range of applicability and certainty of measurement has limitation.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that vertical between a kind of guide rail The measurement frock of degree, to solve the measurement of the straightness error of two straight lines between large-scale workpiece, standard is done in the calculating for the error of perpendicularity Standby.

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the utility model is: the measurement work of perpendicularity between a kind of guide rail Dress, it includes the autocollimator of the straightness error for measuring basis surface, and prism and reflecting mirror, and described reflecting mirror is pacified Being contained on surface to be measured, light is reflected mirror reflection Hou Yuan road backspace after refraction by prism again, is again received by autocollimator.

Further providing for the concrete structure of a kind of prism, described prism is pentagonal prism, and pentagonal prism has and is mutually perpendicular to Two faces, light from which one side vertically inject, through refraction after vertically penetrate from another side.

After have employed technique scheme, between guide rail of the present utility model, squareness measurement frock can simultaneously measuring basis Surface and the straightness error on surface to be measured, do standard for the error of perpendicularity value by calculating reference surface and surface to be measured Standby, during measurement, rotate from the knob of collimator, make the light after reflection be again introduced into autocollimator, now autocollimator regulation Numerical value be the straightness error on surface to be measured；Measurement tool structure is simple, and part is few；Measurement frock of the present utility model Measuring method is simple, processes the error of perpendicularity value drawing reference surface with surface to be measured through data, and amount of calculation is few and precision is high； This utility model is particularly suitable for measuring the straight line error of perpendicularity to straight line between large-scale workpiece (such as machine tool guideway).

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of squareness measurement frock between this utility model guide rail；

Fig. 2 is the curve of error of reference surface of the present utility model；

Fig. 3 is the curve of error on surface to be measured of the present utility model；

In figure, 1, measured workpiece, 2, autocollimator, 3, pentagonal prism, 4, reflecting mirror.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to make content of the present utility model be easier to be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment and combine attached Figure, is described in further detail this utility model.

As it is shown in figure 1, the measurement frock of perpendicularity between a kind of guide rail, it includes that the linearity for measuring basis surface is by mistake The autocollimator 2 of difference, and prism and reflecting mirror 4, described reflecting mirror 4 is arranged on surface to be measured, and light is after refraction by prism It is reflected mirror 4 again and reflects the backspace of Hou Yuan road, again received by autocollimator 2.

Preferably, as it is shown in figure 1, prism is pentagonal prism 3, pentagonal prism 3 has orthogonal two faces, light from Wherein one side is vertically injected, and vertically penetrates from another side after refraction.

As it is shown in figure 1, this utility model also provides for the measuring method of the measurement frock of perpendicularity between a kind of guide rail, including with Lower step:

Step S1, utilizes autocollimator 2 to measure the linearity in A face of the straightness error of reference surface, i.e. workpiece for measurement Error, data are shown in Table 1；

Table 1 reference surface each point is relative to the value (unit: μm) of measuring basis

Measuring point xi	0	1	2	3	4	5
							Measured value yi	0	+0.5	-0.5	+1	+0.5	0

Step S2, utilizes autocollimator 2, prism and reflecting mirror 4 to measure the straightness error on surface to be measured, i.e. workpiece for measurement The straightness error in B face, during measurement, rotate from the knob of collimator 2, make the light after reflection be again introduced into autocollimator 2, The numerical value of now autocollimator 2 regulation is the straightness error on surface to be measured, and data are shown in Table 2；

Table 2 measured surface each point is relative to the value (unit: μm) of measuring basis

Measuring point yi	0	1	2	3	4	5
							Measured value xi	0	+2	+1	+3	+2	+3

Step S3, data process, calculate the error of perpendicularity value of reference surface and surface to be measured, i.e. between A face and B face Error of perpendicularity value.

Preferably, the data of step S3 process further comprising the steps of:

Step T1, according to the straightness error of reference surface, is drawn to scale the curve of error of reference surface, such as Fig. 2 institute Show；

Step T2, according to the straightness error on surface to be measured, is drawn to scale the curve of error on surface to be measured, such as Fig. 3 institute Show；

Step T3, is determined for compliance with the reference line L of minimal condition, it is seen that cross the straight line L of point (2) and (5) i.e. It is the reference line L meeting minimal condition；

Step T4, contains the curve of error on surface to be measured by two parallel lines L1 and L2 being perpendicular to straight line L, and two is parallel Straight line L1 and L2 is required error of perpendicularity value in the intercept difference of x-axis.

If the equation of reference line L is:

Ax+By+C=0

Because straight line L crosses point (2 ,-0.5) and point (5,0), the equation obtaining straight line L is:

X-6y-5=0

Because meeting orientation two parallel lines L1 of minimal condition and L2 is perpendicular to reference line L, therefore have that L1's and L2 is general Equation is respectively as follows:

L₁:Bx-Ay+C₁=0

L₂:Bx-Ay+C₂=0

In above-mentioned equation, A=1, B=-6, again because L1 crosses point (3,5), L2 crosses point (0,0), so

L₁: 6x-y-23=0

L₂: 6x-y=0

At y=0, L1 and L2 is respectively 23/6 μm and 0 in the intercept of x-axis, so the error of perpendicularity is

$f=(\frac{23}{6}-0)\mathrm{\μ}m=3.83\mathrm{\μ}m$

Between guide rail of the present utility model, squareness measurement frock can simultaneously measuring basis surface and the straight line on surface to be measured Degree error, prepares for the error of perpendicularity value by calculating reference surface and surface to be measured, during measurement, rotates from collimating The knob of instrument 2, makes the light after reflection be again introduced into autocollimator 2, and the numerical value of now autocollimator 2 regulation is surface to be measured Straightness error；Measurement tool structure is simple, and part is few；The measuring method of measurement frock of the present utility model is simple, through number According to processing the error of perpendicularity value drawing reference surface with surface to be measured, amount of calculation is few and precision is high；This utility model is the suitableeest Share in measuring the straight line error of perpendicularity to straight line between large-scale workpiece (such as machine tool guideway).

Particular embodiments described above, solves the technical problem that this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect enter Go further description, it should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the utility model, and need not In limiting this utility model, all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement done Deng, within should be included in protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (2)

1. the measurement frock of perpendicularity between a guide rail, it is characterised in that: it includes that the linearity for measuring basis surface is by mistake The autocollimator (2) of difference, and prism and reflecting mirror (4), described reflecting mirror (4) is arranged on surface to be measured, and light is through prism It is reflected mirror (4) reflection Hou Yuan road backspace after refraction again, is again received by autocollimator (2).

The measurement frock of perpendicularity between guide rail the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described prism is pentagonal prism (3), pentagonal prism (3) has orthogonal two faces, and light one side from which is vertically injected, and hangs down from another side after refraction Direct projection goes out.