CN102506666B - Comprehensive test method for geometric accuracy of numerically controlled milling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive inspection method for the geometric accuracy of a numerical control milling machine, which belongs to the field of digital control processing. The tools used are indicators installed on the self-locking spindle or spindle box of the CNC milling machine; combined measuring and checking tools placed on the machine table: a high-thickness square ruler and two mutually perpendicular horizontal rulers. 1. Move the workbench, use the indicator to align the combined measuring tool and check the straightness of the X-axis, and use a level to check the parallelism of the X-axis in the horizontal plane; 2. Move the horizontal slide, and use a level to check the Y-axis Parallelism in the horizontal plane, at the same time use an indicator and a high-thickness square to check the straightness of the Y axis and its perpendicularity to the X axis; 3. Move the headstock, and use the indicator to check the straightness of the Z axis and the Z axis and the XY plane verticality. The advantage is that the measurement operation is simple, the number of times of alignment of the measuring instrument is small, multiple accuracies can be measured at the same time in one alignment, the positioning error is reduced, the measurement time is reduced, and the inspection efficiency is improved.

Description

A comprehensive test method for geometric accuracy of CNC milling machine

technical field

The invention relates to a comprehensive inspection method for the geometric accuracy of a numerical control milling machine, which belongs to the technical field of digital control processing. It is suitable for various CNC milling machines and milling processing centers.

Background technique

CNC milling machine is the key equipment in the mechanical equipment manufacturing industry. In order to ensure the machining accuracy of parts, whether it is before the CNC milling machine leaves the factory or in production, the geometric accuracy inspection of the CNC milling machine is a necessary means to ensure the machining accuracy of the CNC milling machine.

The following inspection methods are usually used for the geometric accuracy of CNC milling machines:

1. Accuracy inspection method according to national standards:

(1) Check the straightness of the Z-axis (up and down movement of the headstock) with squares and indicators, and check the perpendicularity between the Z-axis and the worktable;

(2) Check the straightness and perpendicularity between the horizontal sliding seat (Y-axis) and the longitudinal movement of the worktable (X-axis) with a square ruler, indicator and square;

(3) Use a ruler and an indicator to check the parallelism of the horizontal slide (Y axis) and the longitudinal movement of the table (X axis) in the horizontal plane;

2. In actual production, commonly used precision inspection methods:

(1) Use a square ruler and an indicator to check the perpendicularity of the X-axis and the Y-axis;

(2) Check the parallelism of the X-axis in the horizontal plane by placing two spirit levels perpendicular to each other, and check the parallelism of the Y-axis in the horizontal plane;

(3) Use indicators and square rulers to check the perpendicularity of the Z-axis and the worktable, check the straightness of the X-axis, and check the straightness of the Y-axis.

3. Use step gauges and laser interferometers to test the geometric accuracy of machine tools.

The above three inspection methods have their own characteristics. Using a square ruler, level ruler, square ruler, square ruler, indicator, etc. for inspection, the operation is complicated; It is complex; the inspection accuracy is high by using laser interferometer, but the cost is high, and the collimation adjustment time of emitted light and reflected light is long.

Therefore, it is a practical problem to improve the inspection efficiency in precision inspection.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive inspection method for the geometric accuracy of a CNC milling machine. Combined measuring tools and indicators are used to cooperate, and after positioning and alignment with a set of combined measuring tools, the geometric accuracy of multiple CNC milling machines can be inspected, and the inspection accuracy meets the requirements of national standards.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a comprehensive inspection method for the geometric accuracy of a CNC milling machine, characterized in that the tools used include: indicators; combined measuring and checking tools: a high-thickness square ruler and two mutually perpendicular horizontal rulers ;One of the two mutually perpendicular levels is a vertical level and the other is a horizontal level;

The specific operation steps are as follows:

(1) Install an indicator on the self-locking spindle or spindle box of the CNC milling machine;

(2) Place combined measuring tools on the machine tool table: a high-thickness square ruler and two mutually perpendicular horizontal rulers are placed on the high-thickness square ruler;

(3) Move the workbench, use the indicator to align the combined measuring instrument and check the straightness of the X-axis, and at the same time, use the longitudinal level to check the parallelism of the X-axis of the machine tool in the horizontal plane;

(4) Move the horizontal sliding seat, check the parallelism of the Y-axis of the machine tool in the horizontal plane through the horizontal level ruler, and at the same time, check the straightness of the Y-axis and the perpendicularity of the Y-axis and the X-axis through the indicator and the high-thickness square ruler;

(5) Move the spindle box of the CNC milling machine, and check the straightness of the Z axis and the perpendicularity of the Z axis to the XY plane through the indicator.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the existing detection methods, the present invention uses fewer inspection instruments, less time for instrument alignment, fewer operations by inspectors, high inspection efficiency, simple operation, and ensures that the accuracy of the CNC milling machine is at one Higher level, improve the market competitiveness of products.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of checking the straightness of the X-axis and the parallelism of the X-axis in the horizontal plane.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of checking the straightness of the Y-axis, the parallelism of the Y-axis in the horizontal plane, and the perpendicularity of the Y-axis and the X-axis.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of checking the straightness of the Z-axis and the verticality of the Z-axis and the XY plane.

In the figure: 1. Horizontal sliding seat, 2. Workbench, 3. High thickness square ruler, 4. Horizontal level ruler, 5. Vertical level ruler, 6. Indicator, 7. Headstock.

Detailed ways

A comprehensive inspection method for the geometric accuracy of a CNC milling machine. The combined measuring tool and the indicator are used together, and the measuring tool can be positioned and corrected at one time to check the geometric accuracy of 7 CNC milling machines. Regarding the indicator, it can be known from GB/T17421.1-1998 "General Rules for Machine Tool Inspection Part 1: Geometric Accuracy of Machine Tools under No-load or Finishing Conditions" that the dial indicator and dial indicator used in the accuracy inspection of CNC milling machines are collectively referred to as indicators The accuracy of the dial indicator is 0.01mm, and the accuracy of the dial indicator is 0.001mm. Its function is to directly indicate the size of the error value through the needle and the scale. The selection principle of the two is determined according to the accuracy of the machine tool. The general precision CNC milling machine adopts the dial gauge to meet the accuracy measurement, and the high precision CNC milling machine adopts the dial gauge to measure.

As shown in Figure 1, an indicator 6 is installed on the spindle (self-locking) or headstock 7 of the CNC milling machine. Place a special combined measuring tool on the machine tool table 2, which consists of a high-thickness square ruler 3 and two mutually perpendicular levels installed on the upper end surface of the high-thickness square ruler 3, one of the two mutually perpendicular levels is a longitudinal level 5, the other is a horizontal level 4.

(1) As shown in Figure 1, place the combined measuring tool on the left, middle and right positions of the workbench 2, move the workbench 2 left and right, use the indicator 6 to align the height and thickness square ruler 3, and check X-axis straightness, at the same time, check the parallelism of the X-axis of the machine tool in the horizontal plane through the longitudinal level 5.

(2) As shown in Figure 2, move the transverse slide 1 forward and backward, check the parallelism of the Y axis of the machine tool in the horizontal plane through the horizontal level 4, and at the same time, check the alignment of the Y axis through the indicator 6 and the high thickness square ruler 3 Straightness, and the perpendicularity of the Y axis to the X axis.

(3) As shown in Figure 3, move the spindle box 7 of the CNC milling machine up and down, check the straightness of the Z-axis through the indicator 6 and the high-thickness square ruler 3, and at the same time, check the perpendicularity between the Z-axis and the XY plane.

Using this comprehensive inspection method for the geometric accuracy of CNC milling machines, except for the high-thickness square ruler in the special combination measuring tool, which is specially designed, other measuring instruments are a combination of conventional instruments.

After the combined measuring tool is aligned, the present invention can simultaneously measure the parallelism of the X-axis in the horizontal plane when measuring the straightness of the X-axis; and simultaneously measure the parallelism and the parallelism of the Y-axis in the horizontal plane when measuring the straightness of the Y-axis. The perpendicularity between the Y axis and the X axis; when measuring the straightness of the Z axis, measure the perpendicularity between the Z axis and the XY plane at the same time.

Claims (1)

1. a comprehensive test method for CNC milling machine geometric accuracy, is characterized in that, the instrument of use comprises: indicator (6); Combined amount cubing: a high thickness square chi (3) and two orthogonal surveyor's staffs, one of them is vertical equity chi (5) for two orthogonal surveyor's staffs, another is transverse horizontal chi (4);

Concrete operation step is as follows:

(1) at CNC milling machine energy self-locking main shaft or the upper indicator (6) of installing of main spindle box (7);

(2) in the upper combined amount cubing of placing of platen (2): high thickness square chi (3), two orthogonal surveyor's staffs are placed on high thickness square chi (3);

(3) travelling table (2), is used indicator (6) centering multiple measurement instrument and checks X-axis line linearity, meanwhile, and the depth of parallelism by vertical equity chi (5) check lathe X-axis line in surface level;

(4) mobile cross slide (1), the depth of parallelism by transverse horizontal chi (4) check lathe Y-axis line in surface level, meanwhile, by indicator (6) and the linearity of high thickness square chi (3) check Y-axis line and the verticality of Y-axis line and X-axis line;

(5) mobile numerical control milling machine spindle box (7), by indicator (6) the check linearity of z axis and the verticality of z axis and XY plane.