CN103542791B - Flange multi-parameter integral measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a flange multi-parameter integrated measuring device, comprising: an upper ruler body, a lower ruler body, a rotating device, a sliding device and a slider, and both sides of the upper ruler body and the lower ruler body are provided with scale values, and the lower ruler body There is an angle measurement indexing plate in the middle of the ruler body, and a partial indexing plate is arranged in the middle of the upper ruler body. The partial indexing plate corresponds to the angle measurement indexing plate; The central position of the intersection of the body and the lower body is respectively connected with the upper body and the lower body; the sliding device is respectively movably connected to the body section with scale values on both sides of the upper body and the lower body, and the sliding device is provided with Vernier scale; the slider is connected with the sliding device, and the scale value is set on the slider. The invention also provides a corresponding measurement method. The invention has the beneficial effects of simple structure, convenient use, high measurement efficiency and high measurement precision.

Description

Multi-parameter integrated measurement method of flange

technical field

The invention relates to a flange multi-parameter measurement technology, in particular to a flange multi-parameter integrated measurement method and a measurement device thereof.

Background technique

Flanges usually refer to the parts connected to each other between cylinders, which can be used as a detachable connection of a combined sealing structure. Usually, there are holes on the flange for the connection of two flanges. Flange rings are widely used in various manufactured products , such as automotive and aerospace fields. In the connection of parts with good sealing performance and high precision, the requirements for its shape, hole diameter and hole position are relatively high, especially the flange with a large size has a large deformation during processing. Therefore, after the processing and manufacturing are completed, It is necessary to test the flange shape and the position accuracy of the connecting hole.

At present, the diameter of the flange connection hole is generally measured directly with a vernier caliper; the distance and deflection angle of the flange connection hole (that is, the roundness of the pitch circle and the angular position of the hole) are generally measured using a three-coordinate measuring machine or a large-scale measuring machine. The vernier caliper cooperates with the pin to measure and then the conversion is completed; the measurement of the pitch circle diameter and roundness of the connecting hole is generally done by using a pin in the connecting hole, using three coordinates or a vernier caliper to find the farthest point between the two pins and calculating the distance; The measurement of the diameter and roundness of the inner and outer circles is done by vernier calipers, dial gauges, etc. The above measurement methods need to be completed through the cooperation of various instruments or measuring tools, which is inconvenient to use, and at the same time introduces a large cumulative error, which affects the measurement accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an efficient and accurate measuring device and measuring method to meet the high-precision measuring requirements.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a flange multi-parameter integrated measurement method and a measurement device thereof.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a flange multi-parameter integrated measuring device is provided, including: an upper scale body, a lower scale body, a rotating device, a sliding device and a slider, and scales are provided on both sides of the upper scale body and the lower scale body value, and the angle measurement indexing plate is set in the middle of the lower ruler body, and the partial graduation plate is set in the middle of the upper ruler body, and the partial graduation plate corresponds to the angle measurement indexing plate; The device is respectively connected to the upper and lower blades at the center of the intersection of the upper and lower blades; the sliding device is respectively movably connected to the scale value intervals on both sides of the upper and lower blades, sliding The device is provided with a vernier scale; the slider is connected with the sliding device, and the slider is provided with a scale value.

Preferably, the zero position of the vernier scale on the sliding device corresponds to the position of the central axis of the slider.

Preferably, a matching sliding slot is provided on the section of the body where the scale values are provided on both sides of the upper and lower sides, and the sliding device is movably connected with the matching sliding slot.

Preferably, stop blocks are also included, and the stop blocks are respectively arranged at the two ends of the blade section where the scale value is set on the upper blade body and the lower blade body.

Preferably, the slider includes a block provided with a scale value and a connection protrusion, and the connection protrusion is arranged on the upper part of the block to connect with the block.

Preferably, the connection protrusion is connected to the slide by a pin screw.

Preferably, the block is cylindrical or conical.

Preferably, the scale value on the cylindrical block is used to represent the height, and the scale value on the tapered block is used to represent the diameter of the block.

Preferably, the block is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the hardness of the block is RC50.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for measuring flange multi-parameters using the above-mentioned flange multi-parameter integrated measuring device, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Connect the slider of the tapered block to the sliding device, respectively insert the tapered block into the connecting hole to be measured, and measure the diameter of the connecting hole and the diameter of the pitch circle. Among them, the tapered block and the connecting hole The scale value corresponding to the intersection is the aperture value of the connecting hole, and the diameter of the pitch circle is calculated according to the reading of the left and right cursors on the ruler body, that is, the reading of the sliding device, according to the following formula:

(1) When the diameters of the connecting holes distributed on the pitch circle are the same, the diameter of the pitch circle is the sum of the readings of the verniers at both ends, namely: φ ₁ = l ₁ + l ₂ ,

Among them, l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, and φ ₁ is the diameter of the pitch circle;

(2) If the diameters of the connecting holes distributed on the pitch circle are different, the diameter of the pitch circle is:

Among them, l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, h is the height difference between the two sliders, and φ ₁ is the diameter of the pitch circle;

Step 2: Connect the slider of the cylindrical clamping block with the sliding device, and measure the diameter of the inner circle and the diameter of the outer circle respectively, wherein,

When measuring the diameter of the inner circle, fasten the block on the inner side of the inner circle and the flange to read the vernier reading, the scale value of the vernier at the left and right ends and the diameter of the cylindrical block are the inner diameter of the inner circle, namely:

φ ₃ =l ₁ +l ₂ +d,

Among them: l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, d is the diameter of the cylindrical block, and φ ₃ is the diameter of the inner circle;

When measuring the diameter of the outer circle, clamp the block on the outer side of the outer circle and the flange to read the vernier readings. The scale value of the vernier at the left and right ends and the diameter of the cylindrical block minus the diameter of the cylindrical block are the diameter of the outer circle, namely:

φ ₂ =l ₁ +l ₂ -d,

In the formula: l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, d is the diameter of the cylindrical block, and φ ₂ is the diameter of the outer circle;

Step 3: Repeat the second step multiple times to obtain multiple sets of inner circle diameter and outer circle diameter values, and calculate the maximum difference between the multiple sets of inner circle diameter values and outer circle diameter values to obtain the maximum difference, which is roundness;

Step 4: Use the upper and lower rulers in combination, use the tapered block at the same end of the two rulers, and read the corresponding angle between the angle index plate and the local graduation after the tapered block is fully fitted with the connecting hole , which is the angle value between the two connection holes.

The invention can simultaneously realize the precise measurement of the connecting hole diameter, hole position (that is, hole spacing and deflection angle), pitch circle, and diameter and roundness of the inner and outer circles of the cylindrical flange structure. When measuring hole spacing and diameter, the upper or lower body can complete the measurement independently. The two ends of the body are equipped with sliding devices and vernier scales. The sliding device can connect the slider through the pin screw structure, and slide the slider to the The data acquisition of position and distance is completed at the proper position (that is, the matching position with the hole). The measurement of diameter or roundness is similar to the reading of a vernier caliper; when measuring the deflection angle of the hole, it is necessary to combine the upper and lower ruler bodies, and the middle of the lower ruler body has a Angle measurement indexing plate, read the data of the indexing plate when the upper and lower scale bodies are rotated until the slider fits properly with the connecting hole. The length of the ruler body and the size of the slider can be selected according to the size of different flanges, outer circles, and connecting holes, while the specific shape of the slider is determined by the measurement object. The tapered block with diameter scale, if you measure the outer diameter and inner diameter, you can choose a cylindrical slider with a height scale.

The invention provides a method for measuring the diameter and roundness of connection holes, hole positions, pitch circles, and inner and outer circles on the flange surface, which is used to detect the precision of manufactured products, especially for high-precision, large-size, general-purpose The measuring tool cannot directly measure the shape and position accuracy of the inner and outer circles and inner holes of the structural parts. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uses the sliding device as a vernier at the same time, by sliding the sliding devices at both ends of the upper and lower ruler body to locate the outer circle, the pitch circle and the position of the connecting hole, according to the position of the vernier Read the specific data on the scale. For the measurement of the diameter and roundness of the connecting hole, inner and outer circles and pitch circles on the flange structure, multiple precision data can be obtained quickly and accurately. And the block of the slider has a variety of specifications. If the diameter of the hole is different, you can choose blocks of different shapes and sizes and check the corresponding value of the corresponding trigonometric function according to the position conversion relationship. The measurement of the angle is through the rotating device and the indexing plate. At the same time, the measurement accuracy can be determined by the accuracy of the vernier and the dial. The measuring device of the present invention can realize the measurement of any outer circle, pitch circle diameter, aperture, hole position and roundness, making it more convenient and feasible to integrate various measurement data, and has high precision, simple structure, convenient use, The invention has the beneficial effects of high measurement efficiency and high measurement accuracy.

Description of drawings

Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of flange multi-parameter integrated measuring method and measuring device thereof of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of slider;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of sliding device;

Fig. 4 is a structural side view of the lower ruler body;

Fig. 5 is the front view of the structure of the lower ruler body;

Fig. 6 is the structural side view of upper ruler body;

Fig. 7 is the front view of the structure of the upper ruler body;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a slider of a cylindrical clamping block;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a slider of a tapered block;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the use method of the flange multi-parameter integrated measuring device of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of parameters to be measured on the flange;

Fig. 13 is a measurement principle diagram of pitch circle diameter measurement using the present invention.

In the figure: 1 is the stop block; 2 is the lower body; 3 is the slide slot; 4 is the installation hole of the rotation device of the lower body; 5 is the scale scale; 6 is the angle measuring dial; 7 is the slider; 8 is the Upper ruler body; 9 is the mounting hole of the upper ruler body rotating device; 10 is a cylindrical block; 11 is a connecting protrusion; 12 is a block scale; 13 is a tapered block; 14 is a rotating device; 15 is a sliding device, 16 is the angle scale scale of the upper chi body, and 17 is a partial dial.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 13 at the same time, a multi-parameter integrated measuring device for flanges, including: an upper scale body, a lower scale body, a rotating device, a sliding device and a slider, and both sides of the upper scale body and the lower scale body are provided with The scale value, and the angle measurement indexing plate is set in the middle of the lower ruler body, and the partial graduation plate is set in the middle of the upper ruler body, and the partial graduation plate corresponds to the angle measurement indexing plate; the upper ruler body and the lower ruler body are set across each other, The rotating device is respectively connected to the upper and lower blades at the center of the intersection point of the upper and lower blades; the sliding device is respectively movably connected to the scale value intervals on both sides of the upper and lower blades, The sliding device is provided with a vernier scale; the sliding block is connected with the sliding device, and the sliding block is provided with a scale value.

Further, the zero position of the vernier scale on the sliding device corresponds to the position of the central axis of the slider.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5 , the upper and lower sides of the ruler body are provided with a matching sliding slot on the body section where the scale values are provided on both sides, and the sliding device is movably connected with the matching sliding slot. In addition, the corresponding grooves can be designed on the two different measuring scales to avoid the jamming and collision between the two during the rotation, so that there is a certain measurement range in the realization of angle measurement.

Further, stop blocks are also included, and the stop blocks are respectively arranged at both ends of the upper and lower blade body intervals where the scale values are set, and are used to limit the position of the sliding device.

Further, the slider includes a block provided with a scale value and a connection protrusion, and the connection protrusion is arranged on the upper part of the block and connected with the block.

Further, the connecting protrusion is connected to the sliding device through a pin screw.

Further, the clamping block is cylindrical or conical, and the scale value on the cylindrical clamping block is used to indicate the height, which is used for the alignment of the heights of the left and right ends. The scale value on the tapered clamping block is used to represent the clamping block diameter.

The clamping block of the present invention can have various specifications, and is mainly matched with the outer circle, pitch circle, etc., so it requires high precision, and the material needs to be wear-resistant. During the manufacturing process, the surface roughness, smoothness, and engraved lines must be strictly controlled. position etc. If the size of the object to be measured is large, a measuring device is required, and sometimes it reaches 1000-2000mm. At this time, in addition to high requirements for its material (for quenching and tempering treatment, the structure of the material becomes a tempered sorbite structure) To improve strength, plasticity or nitriding treatment, generally after nitriding treatment, the surface hardness reaches RC50, which has strong wear resistance and can improve its fatigue strength, etc.), and at the same time, it is necessary to design the corresponding rib structure to prevent the use of deformation in the process. The connection protrusion and the sliding device are connected by a pin screw structure to complete the cooperation with the hole. The matching accuracy of the two directly affects the final measurement accuracy, so there is a high coaxiality requirement for the connection protrusion and the sliding device, that is, ≤0.01 mm or less. At the same time, in order to prevent the collision of the upper and lower rulers when they are rotating during the angle measurement process, the corresponding groove type can also be designed, so there is a certain measurement range in the measurement process, and its value is determined by the size of the measuring device and the shape of the ruler.

As shown in Figure 12, the flange distance parameters that need to be measured include the diameter of the connecting hole, the distance between the centers A and B of the connecting hole—a, that is, the diameter of the pitch circle——φ ₁ ; the diameter of the inner circle——φ ₃ , the outer circle Diameter φ ₂ , connecting hole diameter——φ ₄ , the number of connecting holes is n, etc. The present invention makes a slider with graduations (connected to the ruler body through a pin screw structure), puts it into the connection hole, and reads the center of the hole, that is, the distance between OA and OB through the scales at both ends of the ruler body, so as to judge the pitch circle. For roundness and diameter, the same method is used to measure the diameter and roundness of the inner and outer circles, but sliders of different shapes need to be replaced. Therefore, multiple sets of precision data can be obtained through one measurement. Angle parameters such as the angle between adjacent connecting holes - θ, need to connect the slider at one end of the two ruler bodies at the same time, and judge whether the angle meets the accuracy requirements by directly reading the data on the indexing plate.

The invention combines the measurement of the diameter, roundness and hole position and angle for the inner and outer circles, connecting holes and pitch circles of the cylindrical flange ring. The measurement of diameter and roundness can directly read the scales at both ends of the measuring tool, the sum is the diameter, and the maximum difference of multiple sets of diameter data is the roundness. If the hole diameters of the connection holes are different, after reading the reading on the ruler, check the corresponding trigonometric function table to judge whether the position of the connection hole meets the accuracy requirements. The realization process is mainly to use the custom-made standard slider and the card slot to connect through the pin screw structure, the cooperation between the slider and the connecting hole or the cooperation between the slider and the outer circle of the flange, and the accuracy is given by the distance and angle reading and the design. Compare and judge whether it meets the requirements. In actual use, the size of the measuring device or the shape, size and precision of the slider can be designed according to the different size and precision requirements of the flange ring.

Based on the above-mentioned flange multi-parameter integrated measuring device, the present invention also provides a flange multi-parameter measurement method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Connect the slider of the tapered block to the sliding device, insert the tapered block into the connecting hole to be measured, and measure the diameter of the connecting hole and the diameter of the pitch circle. Among them, the tapered block and the connecting hole The scale value corresponding to the intersection is the aperture value of the connecting hole, and the diameter of the pitch circle is calculated according to the reading of the left and right cursors on the scale body, that is, the reading of the sliding device, according to the following formula:

(1) When the diameters of the connecting holes distributed on the pitch circle are the same, the diameter of the pitch circle is the sum of the readings of the verniers at both ends, namely: φ ₁ = l ₁ + l ₂ ,

Among them, l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, and φ ₁ is the diameter of the pitch circle;

(2) If the diameters of the connecting holes distributed on the pitch circle are different, the diameter of the pitch circle is:

Among them, l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, h is the height difference between the two sliders, and φ ₁ is the diameter of the pitch circle.

Step 2: Connect the slider of the cylindrical clamping block with the sliding device, and measure the diameter of the inner circle and the diameter of the outer circle respectively, wherein,

When measuring the diameter of the inner circle, fasten the block on the inner side of the inner circle and the flange to read the vernier reading, the scale value of the vernier at the left and right ends plus the diameter of the cylindrical block is the diameter of the inner circle, namely:

φ ₃ =l ₁ +l ₂ +d,

Among them: l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, d is the diameter of the cylindrical block, and φ ₃ is the diameter of the inner circle;

When measuring the diameter of the outer circle, clamp the block on the outer side of the outer circle and the flange to read the vernier reading. The scale value of the vernier at the left and right ends and the diameter of the cylindrical block minus the diameter of the cylindrical block are the diameter of the inner circle, that is:

φ ₂ =l ₁ +l ₂ -d,

In the formula: l ₁ is the reading on the left side of the cursor, l ₂ is the reading on the right side of the cursor, d is the diameter of the cylindrical block, and φ ₂ is the diameter of the outer circle.

Step 3: Repeat the second step multiple times to obtain multiple sets of inner circle diameter and outer circle diameter values, calculate the maximum difference between the multiple sets of inner circle diameter values and outer circle diameter values, and obtain the maximum difference, which is roundness. Generally, more than eight groups of diameter values are used to calculate the maximum difference.

Step 4: Use the upper and lower rulers in combination, use the tapered block at the same end of the two rulers, and read the corresponding angle between the angle index plate and the local graduation after the tapered block is fully fitted with the connecting hole , which is the angle value between the two connection holes.

The measuring device and measurement distribution of the present invention realize the simultaneous measurement of the connection hole diameter, hole distance and deflection angle, pitch circle diameter and roundness, inner and outer circle diameter and roundness of the cylindrical flange structure, especially for larger sizes. The butt joint flange φ1000-φ2000mm, the above parameters usually cannot be obtained through one measurement, and parameters such as pitch circle diameter, spacing and deflection angle are difficult to measure accurately. Therefore, the present invention designs an integrated measurement method and a special measuring tool for cylindrical flanges, which can realize the direct measurement of the above parameters. This integrated measurement method enables the simultaneous measurement of important shape and positional accuracy of structural components. The special measuring device consists of an upper and a lower ruler body, wherein the upper ruler body has vernier scales at both ends, and an angle measurement index plate in the middle, and the lower ruler body has vernier scales at both ends, and the middle has the same angle measurement scale as above. The local graduation of the dial coordinates to complete the angle measurement. The two rulers are connected by a rotating device, and there is a fixed angle measurement range in space; the vernier part of the two rulers has a sliding device with a sliding card slot connected with a vernier scale, and the sliding device is connected with the slider through a pin screw structure. Connection, when measuring, the alignment of the graduation is achieved through the cooperation of the slider and the connection hole or the inner and outer diameters. The measurement of diameter and roundness can be obtained by reading the scales on the vernier at both ends of the lower body at one time; the measurement of angle requires the combination of two rulers and the slider to complete. According to the proposed measurement method and measurement device, the invention has the functions of measuring diameter, roundness and angle at the same time, which not only has a simple structure, but also is convenient to use, and saves the high cost of traditional three-coordinate measurement and the accumulation of third-party coordinating tools in the measurement process The measurement range is also improved, and the measurement method for the position and size of the cylindrical flange structure can be extended to other similar measurement environments.

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of method that utilization flange multi-parameter parameter measuring device measures flange multi-parameter, based on the integrated survey of flange multi-parameter Amount device；

Wherein, flange multi-parameter parameter measuring device includes：Upper blade, lower blade, tumbler, carriage and sliding block, institute State blade and lower blade both sides are provided with scale value, and the angled measurement index dial of lower blade middle setting, it is described Upper blade middle setting has local index dial, and the local index dial is corresponding with the angular surveying index dial；The upper blade Intersected setting with lower blade, the tumbler in the upper blade and lower blade crosspoint center position respectively with The upper blade and lower blade are connected；The carriage is movably connected with to the upper blade and lower blade both sides and is provided with The blade of scale value is interval, and vernier graduation is provided with the carriage；The sliding block is connected with the carriage, described Scale value is provided with sliding block；

Characterized in that, being comprised the following steps using the method for flange multi-parameter parameter measuring device measurement flange multi-parameter：

The first step：The sliding block of taper fixture block is connected with carriage, respectively taper fixture block is inserted in connecting hole to be measured, Measurement obtains connecting hole aperture and pitch diameter, wherein, taper fixture block scale value corresponding with connecting hole intersection is connection Hole aperture value, pitch diameter is calculated according to the reading that the left and right vernier on the blade for reading is carriage according to below equation：

(1) when the pore size of the connecting hole being distributed on pitch circle is identical, the reading sum of a diameter of two ends vernier of pitch circle, i.e.,： φ₁=l₁+l₂,

Wherein, l₁It is vernier left side reading, l₂It is vernier right side reading, φ₁It is pitch diameter；

(2) if the pore size of connecting hole being distributed on pitch circle is differed, pitch circle it is a diameter of：

Wherein l₁It is vernier left side reading, l₂It is vernier right side reading, h is the difference in height of two sliding blocks, φ₁It is pitch diameter；

Second step：The sliding block of cylindrical fixture block is connected with carriage, interior circular diameter and outside diameter are measured respectively, wherein,

During inner circle diameter measurement, fixture block is read into vernier reading, left and right two ends vernier graduation value in interior inner round side and flange clamping Interior circular diameter is with the diameter plus cylinder fixture block, i.e.,：

φ₃=l₁+l₂+ d,

Wherein：l₁It is vernier left side reading, l₂It is vernier right side reading, d is cylinder fixture block diameter, φ₃It is interior circular diameter；

When outside diameter is measured, fixture block is read into vernier reading, left and right two ends vernier graduation value in cylindrical outside and flange clamping With the diameter as outside diameter for subtracting cylinder fixture block, i.e.,：

φ₂=l₁+l₂- d,

In formula：l₁It is vernier left side reading, l₂It is vernier right side reading, d is the diameter of cylinder fixture block, φ₂It is outside diameter；

3rd step：It is repeated several times second step, obtains multigroup interior circular diameter and outside diameter value, by multigroup inner circle diameter value and cylindrical Diameter value carries out maximum difference calculating respectively, and it is circularity to obtain maximum difference；

4th step：Upper and lower blade is applied in combination, and taper fixture block is used in same one end of two blades, taper fixture block be connected After hole coordinates completely, the corresponding angle of reading angular measurement index dial and local indexing, the angle between as two connecting holes Value.