CN205638763U - A ignition air inlet unit for microwave plasma reformer - Google Patents
A ignition air inlet unit for microwave plasma reformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN205638763U CN205638763U CN201620518622.8U CN201620518622U CN205638763U CN 205638763 U CN205638763 U CN 205638763U CN 201620518622 U CN201620518622 U CN 201620518622U CN 205638763 U CN205638763 U CN 205638763U
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- microwave
- air inlet
- microwave plasma
- reflection pin
- reflection
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ignition air inlet unit for microwave plasma reformer, include: the reaction chamber, it is circle annular cylinder body, the microwave power pipe, it is deep inside the reaction chamber, microwave power pipe can to transmitting microwave in the reaction chamber, the microwave plasma reaction tube, it sets up the reaction chamber central point put, and the reflection round pin that admits air of igniteing, its with microwave plasma reaction tube intercommunication, thereby the ignition is admitted air reflection round pin can microwave electricity magnetic field produce down discharge with air mixture in the microwave plasma reaction tube punctures, the utility model discloses with the business turn over gas port integration of mist on the reflection round pin, the cavity tapping machine of having avoided gas piping business turn over reaction chamber to bring the completely problem of deriving.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to this utility model and relates to microwave electromagnetic induction technology, particularly to a kind of microwave plasma reformer igniting air intake installation utilizing reflection pin to also serve as air inlet.
Background technology
Microwave plasma reformer is to utilize microwave-excitation mixed gas to produce plasma, promotes mixed gas generation reforming reaction by plasma, produces hydrogen-rich gas, has reaction yield high, without advantages such as catalyst.When carrying out reforming reaction, puncture mixed gas firstly the need of bigger electric field intensity and produce minority initial charge, initial charge obtains energy in microwave electric field and continues ionization neutral gas, and the ionization rate of neutral gas could produce plasma more than the recombination velocity of electric charge.And once mixed gas is lighted a fire and is successfully produced plasma, it is only necessary to relatively low microwave power just can maintain plasmoid so that plasma reforming reaction is persistently carried out.
Traditional plasma typically utilizes interelectrode direct current and ac high-voltage electric discharge to light a fire, this sparking mode is utilized to need single high voltage power supply and control circuit, but also need in microwave electric field, arrange ignitor, on the one hand ignitor in microwave electric field can affect the distribution of microwave electric field in reformer, and on the other hand microwave electric field corrosion ignitor pollutes reacting gas.Patent CN204436674U proposes a kind of reflection pin vehicle-carried microwave reformer plasma ignition device, arranges reflection pin and light a fire in reformer reaction chamber.The benefit of this patent is to need not arrange single high-tension ignition circuit, is only utilizing reflection pin compression microwave electric field to light a fire in the reactor chamber.But equally exist microwave electric field corrosion reflection pin and pollute reacting gas problem.
During in microwave plasma reformer, reforming reaction occurs quartz ampoule in the reactor chamber, typically choose bigger to improve the diameter of reaction yield quartz ampoule.And quartz ampoule needs to arrange air inlet and air outlet at reaction chamber housing surface, this is accomplished by offering bigger gas entry outlet and air exit on reaction chamber cavity, the port offered on reaction chamber cavity is very big on the impact of reaction chamber cavity wall electric current, not only adds design difficulty and also microwave distribution in reaction chamber is produced large effect.
Based on problem above, this utility model proposes to improve on the basis of reflection pin sparking mode.The air inlet and outlet end mouth of mixed gas is integrated on reflection pin, so on the one hand, completely avoid the cavity tapping machine variation that gas piping turnover reaction chamber brings, on the one hand order can also effectively utilize mixed gas to lower the temperature reflection pin discharge tip, improves service life and the reliability of whole reformer of reflection pin.
Utility model content
This utility model has designed and developed a kind of Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer, and the air inlet and outlet end mouth of mixed gas is integrated on reflection pin, it is entirely avoided the cavity tapping machine variation that gas piping turnover reaction chamber brings.
This utility model, it is also an object that effectively utilize mixed gas to lower the temperature reflection pin discharge tip, improves service life and the reliability of whole course of reaction of reflection pin.
The technical scheme that this utility model provides is:
A kind of Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer, it is characterised in that including:
Reaction chamber, it is annular cylinder；
Microwave Power Tubes, it gos deep into inside described reaction chamber, and described Microwave Power Tubes can launch microwave in described reaction chamber；
Microwave plasma reaction tube, it is arranged on described reaction chamber center；And
Igniting air inlet reflection is sold, and it connects with described microwave plasma reaction tube, and described igniting air inlet reflection pin can produce electric discharge under microwave electromagnetic field action thus the air mixture in described microwave plasma reaction tube be punctured, including:
First reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe, and its one end is welded with electric discharge vertebra；
Second reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe, and its one end is welded with electric discharge vertebra, and one end that described second reflection pin canalis spinalis has electric discharge cone with described first reflection pin canalis spinalis is oppositely arranged；
Air inlet port, it is arranged on one end of described igniting air inlet reflection pin, is used for importing mixed gas, and is sent in described microwave plasma reaction tube by described igniting air inlet reflection pin；
Exhaust port, its be arranged on described igniting air inlet reflection pin sidewall on, described exhaust port connects with outside air.
Preferably, described microwave plasma reaction tube is quartz ampoule, earthenware or fiber pipe.
Preferably, described microwave plasma reaction tube is non-conduction annular pipeline or non-conduction spirality pipeline.
Preferably, described first reflection pin canalis spinalis and the second reflection pin canalis spinalis material are the one in copper, gold, silver and platinum.
Preferably, described first reflection pin canalis spinalis and the second reflection pin canalis spinalis diameter are identical, a diameter of 10mm-15mm.
Preferably, described first reflection pin canalis spinalis and the second reflection pin canalis spinalis inwall are coated with resistant material.
Preferably, also including adjusting bolt, it is arranged on outside described reflection pin canalis spinalis, for regulating described first reflection pin Taper Pipe and the spacing of described second reflection pin canalis spinalis.
A kind of Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer, including:
Reaction chamber, it is annular cylinder；
Microwave Power Tubes, it gos deep into inside described reaction chamber, and described Microwave Power Tubes can launch microwave in described reaction chamber；
Microwave plasma reaction tube, it is arranged on described reaction chamber center；And
Igniting air inlet reflection is sold, and it connects with described microwave plasma reaction tube, and described igniting air inlet reflection pin can produce electric discharge under microwave electromagnetic field action thus the air mixture in described microwave plasma reaction tube be punctured, including:
First reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe,
Second reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe, and its one end is welded with electric discharge vertebra, and described second reflection pin canalis spinalis has one end of electric discharge cone and is oppositely arranged with described first reflection pin canalis spinalis；
Air inlet port, it is arranged on one end of described igniting air inlet reflection pin, is used for importing mixed gas, and is sent in described microwave plasma reaction tube by described igniting air inlet reflection pin；
Exhaust port, its be arranged on described igniting air inlet reflection pin sidewall on, described exhaust port connects with outside air.
A kind of Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer, including:
Reaction chamber, it is annular cylinder；
Magnetron, described magnetron can produce microwave；
Coupling device, it is arranged between described magnetron and described reaction chamber, enters inside reaction chamber for the microwave coupling produced by magnetron；
Microwave plasma reaction tube, it is arranged on described reaction chamber center；
Igniting air inlet reflection pin, it is made up of two metallic reflection pin canalis spinalis being oppositely arranged, connect with described microwave plasma reaction tube, described igniting air inlet reflection pin can produce electric discharge under microwave electromagnetic field action thus the air mixture in described microwave plasma reaction tube be punctured, including:
Air inlet port, it is arranged on one end of described igniting air inlet reflection pin, is used for importing mixed gas, and is sent in plasma reaction pipe by described igniting air inlet reflection pin；
Exhaust port, its be arranged on described igniting air inlet reflection pin sidewall on, described exhaust port connects with outside air.
Beneficial effect described in the utility model
1. the Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer that this utility model provides reflects pin and also serves as the microwave plasma reformer igniting air intake installation of air inlet/outlet, simple and compact for structure, be easy to control, it is not necessary to individually the high voltage power supply cost that carries out lighting a fire is lower.
2. the Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer that this utility model provides, reduces air inlet and outlet end mouth and designs simpler on the impact of modal distribution in reaction chamber, microwave reaction chamber, and microwave utilization ratio is higher.
3. the Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer that this utility model provides, utilizes reacting gas to lower the temperature reflection pin firing tip, decreases reflection pin and put a most advanced and sophisticated corrosion, and working life is longer, and whole reaction is more safe and efficient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the plane graph of the Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer described in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the 3 dimensional drawing of the Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer described in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is igniting air inlet described in the utility model reflection pin and the relative position view with microwave plasma reaction tube thereof.
Fig. 4 is another example structure schematic diagram of the Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer described in the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the 3-D view of microwave plasma reaction tube described in the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the plane graph of the Novel ignition air intake installation in microwave plasma reformer taking coaxial line coupled modes described in the utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings this utility model is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to description word.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Novel ignition air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer that this utility model provides, including: include microwave reformer reaction chamber 1001, Microwave Power Tubes 1002, microwave plasma reaction tube 1003 and igniting air inlet reflection pin 1005.
Microwave reformer reaction chamber 1001 is annular cylinder, the microwave 1004 that Microwave Power Tubes 1002 produces can more uniform distribution in microwave reformer 1001 annulus reaction chamber 1001, preferred as one, in order to reduce the consumption to energy of the reactor wall electric current, inside circular cylinder, do copper plating treatment.
As shown in Figure 2, Microwave Power Tubes 1002, Microwave Power Tubes is used for producing the microwave 1004 needed for reforming reaction, Microwave Power Tubes is placed on microwave reforming reaction chamber upper cover 1007, and it is internal to go deep into microwave reformer reaction chamber 1001, the output of Microwave Power Tubes 1002 can be changed by controlling Microwave Power Tubes 1002 both end voltage, Microwave Power Tubes typically has multiple, multiple Microwave Power Tubes 1002 form microwave power synthesis system and are positioned in reaction chamber, it is used for producing microwave 1004, by the analysis association reaction cavity wall CURRENT DISTRIBUTION principle to Microwave Power Tubes quantity and position, rationally dispose each Microwave Power Tubes at reaction intracavitary locations, Microwave Power Tubes 1002 can be made maximum at the internal microwave output power of reaction chamber.
As shown in Figure 6, in another embodiment, microwave power can also be produced by magnetron, is then directly coupled in reaction chamber by specific coupling device, by coaxial line 1009 structure, microwave coupling to microwave reformer reaction chamber 1001 is internal.
Microwave plasma reaction tube 1003 is placed on microwave reformer reaction chamber 1001 center, and microwave plasma reaction tube 1003 can be made up of the high temperature resistant wave-permeable material such as quartz ampoule, earthenware.Microwave plasma reaction tube is made up of non-conduction annular pipeline.
As it is shown in figure 5, as a kind of preferred, in another embodiment, in order to improve reforming reaction speed, microwave plasma reaction pipeline 1003 can also make non-conduction spirality pipeline, so can improve plasma flame length in microwave reformer, improve response speed.
nullAs shown in Figure 3，Igniting air inlet reflection pin 1005，The hollow metal cylinder pipe certain by two diameters is constituted，Copper、Gold、Silver or the metal material of other high conductivities，Metal tube one end welding electric discharge vertebra，Two reflection pin point discharge cones are staggered relatively，So that microwave can reflect very well，And reflect pin cylindrical outer surface and the thermal resistance of microwave is lost little，Reflection pin diameter is typically chosen bigger，It is about 10mm-15mm，Metal tube sidewall proper site perforate，It is connected with microwave plasma reaction tube 1003 two ends and turns on respectively，Then mixed gas can pass in and out plasma reaction pipe 1003 by igniting air inlet reflection pin 1005，Reflection pin simultaneously works as the effect of air inlet and outlet end mouth，Avoid the technical problem that cavity perforate is derivative completely，In order to reduce the mixed gas corrosion to metal tube，Mixed gas directly should not contact with metal tube，Mixed gas can pass through metal tube by the pipeline that resistant material is made，Resistant material on inner wall of metal tube direct plating，Mixed gas is directly passed in and out by inner wall of metal tube.
In another embodiment, only one of which welding electric discharge cone in two reflection pin canalis spinalis, so directly air inlet position at air-flow can carry out ignition discharge, can effectively utilize mixed gas that discharge tip is cooled down, reducing the electric discharge corrosion to reflection pin discharge tip, as shown in Figure 4, reflection pin can obtain bigger disruptive field intensity by compression microwave electric field in reaction chamber, puncture mixed gas discharge, mixed gas in described microwave plasma reaction tube 1002 is lighted.
As a example by implementing for the work process of the Novel ignition air intake installation of microwave plasma reformer, it is further described
nullIgniting air inlet reflection pin 1005 is reflected pin-shaped metal copper pipe by two and forms，Including the first reflection pin canalis spinalis 1005-1 and second reflection pin canalis spinalis 1005-2，The first reflection pin canalis spinalis reflection pin 1005-1 as air inlet port，Air inlet port 1005-4 is had on copper pipe sidewall near the tip of microwave plasma reaction tube 1003，Second reflection pin canalis spinalis reflection pin 1005-2 needs and microwave plasma reaction tube 1003 exhaust port 1003-1 connects，Therefore it is required that the second reflection pin canalis spinalis reflection pin 1005-2 does not extends in microwave reformer reaction chamber 1001 and has exhaust port 1005-3 on certain position copper pipe sidewall of microwave plasma reaction tube 1003，Exhaust port 1005-3 on reflection pin 1005 and microwave plasma reaction tube 1003、1003-1 can be by quartz、The high temperature resistant wave-permeable material short tube 1003-2 such as pottery make，Then mixed gas can enter microwave plasma reaction tube 1003 from microwave plasm reaction cavity 1001 internal chamber wall upper air pipeline 1007 by the first reflection pin canalis spinalis reflection pin 1005-1，After reflection pin discharge igniting，Form plasma，After the microwave plasma reaction tube 1,003 1 that detours clockwise circle or multi-turn，Outlet pipe 1008 outside reaction chamber 1001 cavity is exported by another the second reflection pin canalis spinalis reflection pin 1005-2 side opening.
Igniting air inlet reflection pin 1005, can adjust bolt 1006 by reflection pin and adjust two most advanced and sophisticated distances, to reach the purpose in regulation resistance hole.Igniting air inlet reflection pin 1005 and reflection pin adjust bolt 1006 and all have metal material to make, metal material in microwave electric field can stop microwave penetration, do not have under ignition conditions, when two igniting reflection pin spacing are sufficiently small, the reflection of two reflection pins is close to 100%, when having discharge current between two reflection pins, its reflection has been 100%, therefore the discharge power between reflection pin can be made to be the appropriate percentage of general power in cavity by the regulation reflection pin parameter such as diameter, spacing, cephalad vertebral body.
As a example by discharge igniting electrical power is 0.5%, three purposes of design can be met by igniting reflection choosing of parameters optimization of pin: 1, reflection pin realizes the reflection of major part power, A=99.5% to microwave；2, reflection pin consumes the power of seldom some ratios for discharge igniting, B=0.5%；3, firing power is equal to whole power, A+B=1 plus reflection power.
By Microwave Power Tubes 1002 to microwave reformer reaction chamber 1001 feed-in microwave 1004, microwave 1004 forms electric field large area in cavity, the reflection pin 1005 of igniting air inlet simultaneously extrudes electromagnetic field, discharges high intensity voltage, mixed gas near discharge tip is lighted.
When igniting reflection pin two ends are close to certain distance, being equivalent to series capacitance C and inductance L, overall presure drop U is equivalent to microwave electric field intensity E and is multiplied by narrow limit b,
U=E b；
Pressure drop on electric capacity C is Uc=U/ (1-2 ω LC)=Eb/ (1-2 ω LC)；
And make the resonant frequency of series LC as far as possible equal to microwave frequency.
Reflection pin two discharge end is equivalent to one and punctures electric capacity,
C=Q/UC；
It is the bead of r that two discharge tip regard two radiuses as, and the electric field between two balls is
Er=2KQ/r2=2KCUc/r2=4KCEb/ (r2-2ωLCr2)；
The narrow limit b distance that two igniting reflection pins 1004 are crossed over is the biggest, and discharge tip radius r (or curvature) is the least, therefore between discharge end, electric field intensity is the biggest, electric discharge can be realized punctured by combustion mixture, form plasma, thus realize the igniting of air mixture in plasma reaction tube 1003.
Owing to Microwave Power Tubes 1002 continues to launch microwave electromagnetic field 1006 in microwave reaction chamber, thus pin 1004 meeting continuous discharge is reflected in igniting, thus realizes the air mixture in article on plasma reaction tube 1003
Sustained release breakdown current, is formed and punctures high-tension electricity.
Novel microwave plasma igniting air intake installation described in the utility model, integrates microwave plasma igniter and air inlet-outlet device, and structure is simpler, compact, make use of microwave power to greatest extent.Avoid the cavity tapping machine variation that gas piping turnover reaction chamber brings, and can effectively utilize mixed gas that reflection pin discharge tip is lowered the temperature, improve service life and the reliability of whole reformer of reflection pin.
Although embodiment of the present utility model is disclosed as above, but it is not restricted in description and embodiment listed utilization, it can be applied to various applicable field of the present utility model completely, for those skilled in the art, it is easily achieved other amendment, therefore, under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, this utility model is not limited to specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (9)
1. the igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer, it is characterised in that including:
Reaction chamber, it is annular cylinder；
Microwave Power Tubes, it gos deep into inside described reaction chamber, and described Microwave Power Tubes can launch microwave in described reaction chamber；
Microwave plasma reaction tube, it is arranged on described reaction chamber center；And
Igniting air inlet reflection is sold, and it connects with described microwave plasma reaction tube, and described igniting air inlet reflection pin can produce electric discharge under microwave electromagnetic field action thus the air mixture in described microwave plasma reaction tube be punctured, and igniting air inlet is reflected pin and included:
First reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe, and its one end is welded with electric discharge vertebra；
Second reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe, and its one end is welded with electric discharge vertebra, and one end that described second reflection pin canalis spinalis has electric discharge cone with described first reflection pin canalis spinalis is oppositely arranged；
Air inlet port, it is arranged on one end of described igniting air inlet reflection pin, is used for importing mixed gas, and is sent in described microwave plasma reaction tube by described igniting air inlet reflection pin；
Exhaust port, its be arranged on described igniting air inlet reflection pin sidewall on, described exhaust port connects with outside air.
Igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microwave plasma reaction tube is quartz ampoule, earthenware or fiber pipe.
Igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described microwave plasma reaction tube is non-conduction annular pipeline or non-conduction spirality pipeline.
Igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described first reflection pin canalis spinalis and the second reflection pin canalis spinalis material are the one in copper, gold, silver and platinum.
Igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described first reflection pin canalis spinalis and the second reflection pin canalis spinalis diameter are identical, a diameter of 10mm-15mm.
Igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described first reflection pin canalis spinalis and the second reflection pin canalis spinalis inwall are coated with resistant material.
Igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also including adjusting bolt, it is arranged on outside described reflection pin canalis spinalis, for regulating described first reflection pin Taper Pipe and the spacing of described second reflection pin canalis spinalis.
8. the igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer, it is characterised in that including:
Reaction chamber, it is annular cylinder；
Microwave Power Tubes, it gos deep into inside described reaction chamber, and described Microwave Power Tubes can launch microwave in described reaction chamber；
Microwave plasma reaction tube, it is arranged on described reaction chamber center；And
Igniting air inlet reflection is sold, and it connects with described microwave plasma reaction tube, and described igniting air inlet reflection pin can produce electric discharge under microwave electromagnetic field action thus the air mixture in described microwave plasma reaction tube be punctured, and igniting air inlet is reflected pin and included:
First reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe,
Second reflection pin canalis spinalis, it is hollow metal cylinder pipe, and its one end is welded with electric discharge vertebra, and described second reflection pin canalis spinalis has one end of electric discharge cone and is oppositely arranged with described first reflection pin canalis spinalis；
Air inlet port, it is arranged on one end of described igniting air inlet reflection pin, is used for importing mixed gas, and is sent in described microwave plasma reaction tube by described igniting air inlet reflection pin；
Exhaust port, its be arranged on described igniting air inlet reflection pin sidewall on, described exhaust port connects with outside air.
9. the igniting air intake installation for microwave plasma reformer, it is characterised in that including:
Reaction chamber, it is annular cylinder；
Magnetron, described magnetron can produce microwave；
Coupling device, it is arranged between described magnetron and described reaction chamber, enters inside reaction chamber for the microwave coupling produced by magnetron；
Microwave plasma reaction tube, it is arranged on described reaction chamber center；
Igniting air inlet reflection pin, it is made up of two metallic reflection pin canalis spinalis being oppositely arranged, connect with described microwave plasma reaction tube, described igniting air inlet reflection pin can produce electric discharge under microwave electromagnetic field action thus the air mixture in described microwave plasma reaction tube be punctured, and igniting air inlet reflection pin includes:
Air inlet port, it is arranged on one end of described igniting air inlet reflection pin, is used for importing mixed gas, and is sent in plasma reaction pipe by described igniting air inlet reflection pin；
Exhaust port, its be arranged on described igniting air inlet reflection pin sidewall on, described exhaust port connects with outside air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620518622.8U CN205638763U (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | A ignition air inlet unit for microwave plasma reformer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620518622.8U CN205638763U (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | A ignition air inlet unit for microwave plasma reformer |
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| CN205638763U true CN205638763U (en) | 2016-10-12 |
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| CN201620518622.8U Expired - Fee Related CN205638763U (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2016-05-31 | A ignition air inlet unit for microwave plasma reformer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105909449A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-31 | 吉林大学 | Ignition air inlet device for microwave plasma reformer |
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2016
- 2016-05-31 CN CN201620518622.8U patent/CN205638763U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105909449A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-31 | 吉林大学 | Ignition air inlet device for microwave plasma reformer |
| CN105909449B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-08-08 | 吉林大学 | A kind of igniting inlet duct for microwave plasma reformer |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20161012 Termination date: 20180531 |