CN205055806U - 一种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统 - Google Patents
一种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN205055806U CN205055806U CN201520764861.7U CN201520764861U CN205055806U CN 205055806 U CN205055806 U CN 205055806U CN 201520764861 U CN201520764861 U CN 201520764861U CN 205055806 U CN205055806 U CN 205055806U
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- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000006477 desulfuration reactions Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric oxide Chemical compound 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O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous Oxide Chemical compound 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[O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001890 sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound 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Abstract
本实用新型属于环境保护领域，公开了一种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，包括具有烟气入口和烟气出口的吸收塔，在所述吸收塔内，从烟气入口向上依次设置有一级喷淋层和二级喷淋层，在所述吸收塔底部设置有一级浆液池，所述一级喷淋层通过一级循环泵与所述一级浆液池形成一个循环脱硫系统，在所述二级喷淋层的下端设置有一集液装置，在该集液装置的出口设置有一二级浆液池，所述二级喷淋层通过二级循环泵与所述二级浆液池形成一个循环脱硝系统，在所述二级喷淋层的顶部还设置有一除尘装置。本实用新型实现在单塔内完成脱硫、脱硝、除尘三大过程，大大简化了传统的脱硫脱硝除尘系统，是一种高效节能的烟气净化一体化系统。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型设计一种烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化治理技术，具体设计一种单塔双循环烟气脱硫脱硝除尘系统。
背景技术
[0002] 面对全球近期的气候异常，环境问题再次成为焦点。二氧化硫、氮氧化物以及烟尘是我国大气污染物的主要组成成分，其导致的一系列环境问题不容忽视，国家逐渐加强对各行业排放大气污染物的监管治理力度，尤其针对火电、钢铁、冶金等行业。
[0003]目前，成熟的烟气脱硫脱硝技术有石灰石石膏湿法脱硫和SCR脱硝技术。各个处理环节分别独立进行，产生存在设备复杂，工艺流程长，占地面积大，建设投资和运行费用高，能耗物耗大等问题，尤其SCR脱硝的投资费用不可小觑。脱硝装置建设和催化剂两个方面的投资约占SCR脱硝总投资的65~75%。其中，建设投资费用受到市场钢材价格等市场经济因素的严重影响，目前钢材价格居高不下，SCR系统成本有较大的提高；催化剂活性较难保持，需要日常清灰，且催化剂使用寿命短，在脱硝率80°/『90%的情况下，生产厂的保证寿命一般为16000~24000h ;失效催化剂的更换费用高以及再生难度大，lm3的催化剂的市场价在2万元左右，再生以后的催化剂活性较低，仅相当于原始催化剂活性的30~50%，再生催化剂的使用寿命也不能保证。
发明内容
[0004] 有鉴于此，本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供了一种结构相对简单、投资费用相对较少的单塔双循环烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，实现高效脱硫除尘的同时，完成对N0X的一并脱除，在满足新的环保排放标准要求的同时，降低系统能耗、结垢风险，节约投资、占地。
[0005] 为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型采用的技术方案是:
[0006] —种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，包括具有烟气入口和烟气出口的吸收塔，在所述吸收塔内，从烟气入口向上依次设置有一级喷淋层和二级喷淋层，在所述吸收塔底部设置有一级浆液池，所述一级喷淋层通过一级循环栗与所述一级浆液池形成一个循环脱硫系统，在所述二级喷淋层的下端设置有一集液装置，在该集液装置的出口设置有一二级浆液池，所述二级喷淋层通过二级循环栗与所述二级浆液池形成一个循环脱硝系统，在所述二级喷淋层的顶部还设置有一除尘装置，其特征在于:所述集液装置包括集液斗以及连接在集液斗下端的输液管，该输液管的下端连接至所述二级浆液池，所述集液斗由积液环片构成，在相连两个积液环片之间形成有气体通道。
[0007] 所述除尘装置为双层逆向分布的旋流式除雾器，在该旋流式除雾器上设置有工艺水通道。
[0008] 在所述一级喷淋层的下端配置一层托盘。
[0009] 所述二级浆液池位于吸收塔内吸收塔外。
[0010] 本实用新型烟气脱硫脱硝除尘系统，循环脱硫系统和循环脱硝系统是分开的，独立运行与调节；烟气由下而上连续通过吸收塔，最后经烟囱排出。
[0011] 本实用新型的单塔双循环烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，烟气吸收塔根据职能分工，分上、中、下三节，分别对应脱硫、脱硝、除尘系统。
[0012] 循环脱硫系统和循环脱硝系统的分隔结构采用集液斗，实现通气隔液功能，避免脱硫、脱硝产物的相互污染。
[0013] 双层旋流式除雾器逆向布置，加强烟气扰动，增大烟气与旋流板的接触面积，增加浆液滴与壁面的碰撞次数，加大烟气中的含尘液滴脱除的机率。
[0014] 本实用新型单塔双循环烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统的工作流程是:
[0015] 热烟气从烟气进口进入吸收塔，先在塔内与一级喷淋层提供的脱硫吸收液接触，实现烟气降温冷却、除尘，在下塔内经过一级降温脱硫除尘后的烟气，经由集液斗重新分布后，进入中塔二级循环系统中；在此处，烟气温度较低，脱硝吸收液的流量可以自由控制，可达到很高的脱硝效率；而后进入上塔除尘系统，经过逆向布置的双层旋流式除雾器，完成含固液滴从烟气中的分离过程，实现高效除雾除尘后由烟囱排出塔外。
[0016] 与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果是:
[0017] 本实用新型在吸收塔内根据职能的不同，将吸收塔分为上、中、下三个塔节，分别对应脱硫、脱硝与除尘功能；二级循环系统中集液斗可避免产物的相互污染，还可部分改善中塔内烟气、增加气液接触，有益于提高脱硝率；在下塔一级循环系统中设置托盘，充分发挥托盘的充分接触与高效传质，可显著提高烟气降温除尘脱硫效率，并减少结垢、提高设备连续运行可靠性；在一个吸收塔内形成相对独立的双循环系统，烟气的脱硫、脱硝可分别优化，可在最佳条件下进行，故除尘脱硫、脱硝效率高、能耗低，脱硫脱硝的产物相互独立处理，避免了二次污染。此外，烟尘基本在一级循环中高效脱除，二级循环脱硝过程中尘含量很少，则设备系统的磨损与腐蚀减轻，在上塔区域除尘系统中，双层旋流式除雾器脱除烟气中的含尘液滴，大大降低烟气的含尘量。
[0018] 本实用新型的双循环脱硫脱硝除尘系统相对独立运行，但又布置在一个吸收塔内，既保证了较高的脱硫脱硝除尘效率，提高吸收液的利用率，又降低了系统能耗及结构，并且单塔整体布置还减少了占地，节约了投资。
[0019] 该系统综合利用现有的烟气脱硫吸收塔，增加对除环节，并采用双层逆向分布的旋流式除雾器脱除烟气中携带的液滴，实现在一个吸收塔内完成脱硫、脱硝、除尘三大功能，避免高额的SCR脱硝设备以及催化剂的投资建设费用，可实现较高脱除效率、稳定运行、较小占地面积、较为简单设备以及较低投资费用，另外避免脱硫脱硝产物的相互混合以及相互污染，不影响脱硫产物的回收利用，是一种经济环保的脱硫脱硝除尘一体化技术。
附图说明
[0020] 图1为本实用新型的单塔双循环结构示意图。
[0021] 图2为本实用新型集液斗结构示意图。
[0022] 图3为本实用新型集液斗烟气通道示意图。
具体实施方式
[0023] 为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细的描述。
[0024] —种单塔双循环烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，在一级循环内使用脱硫吸收液对烟气进行降温除尘脱硫处理；在二级循环内使用脱硝吸收液对脱硫后的烟气进行脱硝处理；后经双层旋流式除雾器高效脱除含固液滴，由烟囱排出塔外。
[0025] 脱硫吸收剂为含固率为25%的石灰石溶液，脱硝吸收剂为质量分数为4%的漂白粉浆液。
[0026] 如图1所示为基于上述方法的单塔双循环烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，分为烟气系统以及吸收液循环系统。具体包括:
[0027] 具有烟气入口 8和烟气出口的吸收塔，在烟气出口连接烟囱1。在吸收塔内，从烟气入口 8向上依次设置有一级喷淋层6和二级喷淋层4，在所述吸收塔底部设置有石灰石浆液池，一级喷淋层6通过一级循环栗与石灰石浆液池12形成一个循环脱硫系统，在二级喷淋层4的下端设置有一集液斗5。烟气通过集液斗5中的叶片19之间的叶片间隙20，形成一个环流后与喷淋层4喷射的浆液相遇进行反应。在该集液装置的出口设置有一二级浆液池，该二级浆液池为漂白粉浆液池14。二级喷淋层4通过二级循环栗与漂白粉浆液池14形成一个循环脱硝系统，在二级喷淋层的顶部还设置有一除尘装置，除尘装置为双层逆向分布的旋流式除雾器，在该旋流式除雾器上设置有工艺水通道。
[0028] 集液装置包括集液斗5以及连接在集液斗下端的输液管，该输液管的下端连接至漂白粉浆液池14，集液斗5由上积液环片17、下积液环片18以及叶片19构成，在相连两个积液环片之间的叶片19存在叶片间隙20，即为气体通道，见图2、图3所示。
[0029] 烟气系统中烟气由烟气进口 8进入吸收塔后在下塔与一级喷淋层6喷射的石灰石浆液滴相遇，并发生传热传质反应，经托盘7进行与石灰石浆液滴的充分混合后，完成降温除尘脱硫处理；而后在中塔内经集液斗5均流分布后，与二级喷淋层4喷射的漂白粉浆液滴混合反应，完成氮氧化物的脱除；最后经双层旋流式除雾器2高效脱除含固液滴，由烟囱1排出塔外。
[0030] 吸收液循环系统由一级循环系统和二级循环系统组成，其中一级循环系统为脱硫系统，过程为:下塔底一级石灰石浆液池12内的石灰石浆液通过一级循环栗9输送至一级喷淋层6，经过托盘7后，完成烟气降温、除尘、脱硫等返回一级石灰石浆液池12内；二级循环系统为脱硝系统，过程为:漂白粉浆液由二级循环栗15输送至塔内二级喷淋层4，完成烟气脱硝后，由集液斗5中上积液环片17、叶片19以及下积液环片18收集通过管道返回塔外漂白粉浆液池14内。浆液池12、14分别配备一、二级渣浆液排出栗11、13，石灰石浆液池11并配备氧化风机10。
[0031] 以上所述仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本实用新型的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，包括具有烟气入口和烟气出口的吸收塔，在所述吸收塔内，从烟气入口向上依次设置有一级喷淋层和二级喷淋层，在所述吸收塔底部设置有一级浆液池，所述一级喷淋层通过一级循环栗与所述一级浆液池形成一个循环脱硫系统，在所述二级喷淋层的下端设置有一集液装置，在该集液装置的出口设置有一二级浆液池，所述二级喷淋层通过二级循环栗与所述二级浆液池形成一个循环脱硝系统，在所述二级喷淋层的顶部还设置有一除尘装置，其特征在于:所述集液装置包括集液斗以及连接在集液斗下端的输液管，该输液管的下端连接至所述二级浆液池，所述集液斗由积液环片构成，在相连两个积液环片之间形成有气体通道。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，其特征在于:所述除尘装置为双层逆向分布的旋流式除雾器，在该旋流式除雾器上设置有工艺水通道。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，其特征在于:在所述一级喷淋层的下端配置一层托盘。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种湿法烟气脱硫脱硝除尘一体化系统，其特征在于:所述二级浆液池位于吸收塔内吸收塔外。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106076094A (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-09 | 山东神华山大能源环境有限公司 | 一种单塔双循环湿法脱硫的换热集液装置、脱硫系统及方法 |
| CN106582236A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | 一种联合脱除燃煤烟气中SO2/NOx/PM2.5/Hg的方法及装置 |
| CN107469609A (zh) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-15 | 杭州小橙工业设计有限公司 | 一种全自动脱硫系统 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106076094A (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-09 | 山东神华山大能源环境有限公司 | 一种单塔双循环湿法脱硫的换热集液装置、脱硫系统及方法 |
| CN106076094B (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2019-03-05 | 山东神华山大能源环境有限公司 | 一种单塔双循环湿法脱硫的换热集液装置、脱硫系统及方法 |
| CN106582236A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | 一种联合脱除燃煤烟气中SO2/NOx/PM2.5/Hg的方法及装置 |
| CN107469609A (zh) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-15 | 杭州小橙工业设计有限公司 | 一种全自动脱硫系统 |
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