CN204966651U - Directional coupler of broadband millimeter waveguide branch - Google Patents
Directional coupler of broadband millimeter waveguide branch Download PDFInfo
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- CN204966651U CN204966651U CN201520779772.XU CN201520779772U CN204966651U CN 204966651 U CN204966651 U CN 204966651U CN 201520779772 U CN201520779772 U CN 201520779772U CN 204966651 U CN204966651 U CN 204966651U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a directional coupler of broadband millimeter waveguide branch, directional coupler includes the first waveguide and the second waveguide of the coupling of E face, first waveguide and second waveguide parallel of each other, be provided with a plurality of coupling gaps between first waveguide and the second waveguide, first waveguide has input port and a direct port, and the second waveguide has the port of isolation and a coupling port, it do not is provided with impedance transformer to lie in the punishment of input port and direct port on the coupling face of first waveguide, it do not is provided with impedance transformer to lie in the punishment of isolation port and coupling port on the coupling face of second waveguide. Through the impedance transformer of adjustment input port, isolation port, direct port and coupling port department, just can reduce the impedance of the branch line waveguide of coupling part input port and output port department to can strengthen the width in here coupling gap, just so reduce the processing degree of difficulty, strengthen this directional coupler of waveguide branch relative bandwidth.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to microwave signal detection field, is specifically related to a kind of broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler.
Background technology
In Modern wireless communication field, millimeter-wave technology becomes study hotspot gradually.In millimere-wave band, Waveguide branching directional coupler is usually adopted to detect millimeter-wave signal at present.The degree of coupling of Waveguide branching directional coupler is relevant with the width in coupling gap, and the width in coupling gap is less, and coupling energy is in the past less, and the degree of coupling is larger.But due to increasing of frequency band, wavelength is more and more less, this just requires that coupling slot gap reduces further, thus result in the problem that difficulty of processing greatly even cannot process.The width in the attainable coupling gap of current engineering cannot adapt to the millimeter wave of high frequency band, and therefore the relative bandwidth of directional coupler can only reach about 10%.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler being easy to process, opposite band is roomy.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler, described directional coupler comprises first wave guide and second waveguide of the coupling of E face, described first wave guide and the second waveguide parallel to each other, some coupling gaps are provided with between described first wave guide and the second waveguide, first wave guide has input port and straight-through port, second waveguide has isolated port and coupling port, the coupling surface of described first wave guide is positioned at input port and straight-through port place is respectively arranged with impedance transformer, the coupling surface of described second waveguide is positioned at isolated port and coupling port place is respectively arranged with impedance transformer.
As shown from the above technical solution, described first wave guide and the second waveguide form two main line waveguides, described some coupling gaps form some branch line waveguides, because the branch line waveguide impedance near input port and output port is relatively large, therefore coupling gap width is herein smaller, at input port, isolated port, after straight-through port and coupling port place arrange impedance transformer, the impedance of the branch line waveguide at coupling unit input port and output port place just can be reduced by adjustment impedance transformer, thus the width in the gap that is coupled can be strengthened herein, this reduces difficulty of processing, conventional processing technology is adopted to realize.And widening due to coupling gap, be applicable to the millimeter wave of more high frequency band, therefore also increase this Waveguide branching directional coupler relative bandwidth.
Preferably, the quantity in described coupling gap is four.
Preferably, described impedance transformer be three layers stepped, be three rank impedance transformers.
Preferably, described three each stratum of rank impedance transformer are along 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the length on millimeter wave propagation direction.
Preferably, 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the degree of depth in described coupling gap, 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the center distance in described each coupling gap.
Preferably, described first wave guide and the second waveguide are rectangular waveguide.
The beneficial effect of the utility model embodiment is as follows:
(1) be with roomy (relative bandwidth can reach more than 40%), in band, loss is little;
(2), while ensureing millimeter wave frequency band electrical property, the processing of microsized device structure is based on common process
Engineering can realize, and difficulty of processing is low;
(3) insertion loss is little, and in band, Coupling flatness is good, and isolation is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the two-dimentional vertical view of an embodiment of the utility model Waveguide branching directional coupler.
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model Waveguide branching directional coupler.
Fig. 3 is the standing wave result figure of the input port of an embodiment of the utility model Waveguide branching directional coupler.
Fig. 4 is the insertion loss result figure of the straight-through port of an embodiment of the utility model Waveguide branching directional coupler.
Fig. 5 is the isolation result figure of the isolated port of the utility model Waveguide branching directional coupler.
Fig. 6 is the degree of coupling result figure of the coupling port of waveguide branch directional coupler in the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment, obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Please refer to Fig. 1, the broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler that the utility model embodiment provides comprises first wave guide 10 and second waveguide 20 of the coupling of E face, described first wave guide 10 and the second waveguide 20 parallel to each other, some coupling gaps 30 are provided with between described first wave guide 10 and the second waveguide 20, first wave guide 10 has input port Port1 and straight-through port Port2, second waveguide has isolated port Port3 and coupling port Port4, the coupling surface of described first wave guide 10 is positioned at input port Port1 and straight-through port Port2 place is respectively arranged with impedance transformer 40, the coupling surface of described second waveguide 20 is positioned at isolated port Port3 and coupling port Port4 place is respectively arranged with impedance transformer 40.
Described first wave guide 10 and the second waveguide 20 form two main line waveguides, and described some coupling gaps 30 form some branch line waveguides, and wherein, straight-through port Port2 and coupling port Port4 is output port, and the phase difference of two output signal existence 90 degree.Its principle is: millimeter-wave signal inputs from input port Port1 and is divided into two, and a part directly outputs to straight-through port Port2, and another part outputs to coupling port Port4 by coupling gap 30, and isolated port Port3 no-output is isolated.The size of the degree of coupling is relevant with the width in coupling gap 30, and in brief, be exactly that coupling gap 30 is less, then fewer from coupling gap 30 energy in the past, so the degree of coupling is larger.Because the branch line waveguide impedance near input port and output port (straight-through port Port2 and coupling port Port4 is output port) is relatively large, therefore require coupling gap width herein relatively away from the coupling gap little (as less than the coupling gap width H2 away from input port Port1 near the coupling gap width H1 of input port Port1 in Fig. 1) at input port and output port place.Along with increasing of frequency band, wavelength is more and more less, and this just requires that coupling slot gap reduces further, and therefore in processing technology, the width that main difficulty of processing comes from the coupling gap at close input port and output port place is less.Embodiment of the present utility model is after arranging impedance transformer near input port, isolated port, straight-through port and coupling port place, under the prerequisite not introducing waveguide higher mode, the impedance of the branch line waveguide at coupling unit input port and output port place just can be reduced by adjustment impedance transformer, the impedance of this branch line waveguide is diminished as far as possible, thus the width in the gap that is coupled can be strengthened herein, this reduces difficulty of processing, adopt conventional processing technology to realize.Also substantially increase bandwidth of the present utility model thus, in some preferred embodiment of the present utility model, relative bandwidth can reach more than 40%.During practical application, can with the frequency microwave module of related wideband with the use of.Meanwhile, the impedance of main line waveguide can also be regulated by this impedance transformer, by the impedance of adjustment main line waveguide, the reflection of adjacent two stubs can be enable to reach maximum counteracting, the performances such as the voltage standing wave ratio in increase band and directionality.
Concrete, please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in some preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the quantity in described coupling gap is four.The quantity in coupling gap also manyly even can reach seven or eight joints, embodiment of the present utility model can ensure when realizing identical performance, required branch line waveguide is less, can the branch line of few half than other directional couplers, thus make this example structure simpler, it is easier to process.
Concrete, please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in some preferred embodiment of the present utility model, described impedance transformer adopts three rank impedance transformers, namely described impedance transformer be three layers stepped.
Preferably, described three each stratum of rank impedance transformer are along 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the length on millimeter wave propagation direction.In actual applications, approximating function can select chebyshev function, the main line waveguide of the preferred embodiment and the impedance of branch line waveguide all with 3 rank 1/4 wavelength step shape impedance converters for prototype circuit, by the impedance of adjustment main line waveguide, the reflection of adjacent two stubs can be enable to reach maximum counteracting, when doing even and odd mode analysis to directional coupler, the voltage standing wave ratio in its band and directionality are close to best; Secondly, the impedance of the branch line waveguide at input port and output port place can also be changed under the prerequisite not introducing waveguide higher mode, the impedance of this branch line waveguide is become large as far as possible, thus the width in the gap that is coupled can be strengthened herein, reduce the difficulty of Project Realization.
Concrete, in some preferred embodiment of the present utility model, 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the degree of depth in the coupling gap of described broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler, 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the center distance in described each coupling gap.
Concrete, in some preferred embodiment of the present utility model, described first wave guide and the second waveguide are rectangular waveguide.
In practical application, described Waveguide branching directional coupler can adopt upper and lower and left and right equal symmetrical structure.Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, waveguide adopts waveguide BJ260, waveguide broadside a=8.64mm, Narrow Wall of Waveguide limit b=4.32mm, the joint number n=3 of directional coupler, after three rank impedance transformations, Narrow Wall of Waveguide limit is of a size of 5mm, calculate the impedance of branch line waveguide and main line waveguide thus, the minimum dimension of H1 is 0.31mm, greatly reduces difficulty of processing and required precision, and reducing the impact of mismachining tolerance on electrical property, engineering can realize.If adopt periodic component directional coupler, this is of a size of 0.14mm, Project Realization difficulty, and mismachining tolerance is difficult to ensure.The relative bandwidth of this embodiment is about 37%.
It should be noted that, the utility model is mainly used in the receiving and transmitting front end of millimeter wave, and its working frequency range is 22GHz ~ 32GHz.
Preferred embodiment tool of the present utility model has the following advantages:
(1) achieve relative bandwidth and reach more than 40%, band in loss little, can with the frequency microwave module of related wideband with the use of.
(2) ensure millimeter wave frequency band electrical property simultaneously, the processing of microsized device structure can realize based on common process engineering, and difficulty of processing is low.
(3) insertion loss is little, and in band, Coupling flatness is good, and isolation is high.
As shown in Figure 3, the standing wave of the input of the broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler of the utility model embodiment is all less than 1.04 in whole broadband.Wherein, S11 is the ratio of Port1 normalization reflected voltage ripple and Port1 normalization incident voltage ripple, namely represents the input vswr of Port1.
As shown in Figure 4, the transmission characteristic S12/S21 of the straight-through port of the broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler of the utility model embodiment is less than 0.17dB in whole broadband, indicates good transmission characteristic.Wherein, S12 is the ratio of Port1 normalization transmission voltage ripple and Port2 normalization incident voltage ripple, and S21 is the ratio of Port2 normalization transmission voltage ripple and Port2 normalization incident voltage ripple.
As shown in Figure 5, the isolation of the isolated port of the broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler of the utility model embodiment is all greater than 30dB in whole broadband, and isolation is fine.Wherein, S31 is the ratio of Port3 normalization transmission voltage ripple and Port1 normalization incident voltage ripple.
As shown in Figure 6, the degree of coupling of the coupling port of the broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler of the utility model embodiment is all at about 15dB, and in band, Coupling flatness controls within the scope of 1.5dB.Wherein, S41 is the ratio of Port4 normalization transmission voltage ripple and Port1 normalization incident voltage ripple.
Claims (6)
1. a broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler, it is characterized in that, described directional coupler comprises first wave guide and second waveguide of the coupling of E face, described first wave guide and the second waveguide parallel to each other, some coupling gaps are provided with between described first wave guide and the second waveguide, first wave guide has input port and straight-through port, second waveguide has isolated port and coupling port, the coupling surface of described first wave guide is positioned at input port and straight-through port place is respectively arranged with impedance transformer, the coupling surface of described second waveguide is positioned at isolated port and coupling port place is respectively arranged with impedance transformer.
2. broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity in described coupling gap is four.
3. broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described impedance transformer be three layers stepped, be three rank impedance transformers.
4. broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described three each stratum of rank impedance transformer are along 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the length on millimeter wave propagation direction.
5. broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler according to claim 1 and 2, is characterised in that, 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the degree of depth in described coupling gap, 1/4 guide wavelength of frequency centered by the center distance in described each coupling gap.
6. broadband millimeter-wave Waveguide branching directional coupler according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described first wave guide and the second waveguide are rectangular waveguide.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520779772.XU CN204966651U (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Directional coupler of broadband millimeter waveguide branch |
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| CN201520779772.XU CN204966651U (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Directional coupler of broadband millimeter waveguide branch |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106450643A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-02-22 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | E-plane waveguide directional coupler and 16-way waveguide power divider applying coupler |
| CN106876853A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | A kind of Ku band broadbands orthomode coupler |
| WO2019052097A1 (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2019-03-21 | 叶健聪 | Reverse directional coupler structure |
| WO2019052102A1 (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2019-03-21 | 叶健聪 | Coated reverse directional coupler |
| CN110444848A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-12 | 安徽蓝讯电子科技有限公司 | A kind of 5G waveguide coupler with water-proof function |
| CN114243246A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-25 | 电子科技大学 | Improved terahertz high-isolation E-surface power divider and application thereof |
| CN114639934A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 四川太赫兹通信有限公司 | Terahertz branch waveguide directional coupler |
| CN114725644A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-08 | 电子科技大学 | E-plane branch waveguide directional coupler with ultralow amplitude unevenness |
| WO2024082951A1 (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Waveguide and communication system |
-
2015
- 2015-09-30 CN CN201520779772.XU patent/CN204966651U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106450643A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-02-22 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | E-plane waveguide directional coupler and 16-way waveguide power divider applying coupler |
| CN106450643B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2022-06-07 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | E-surface waveguide directional coupler and sixteen-path waveguide power divider applying same |
| CN106876853A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | A kind of Ku band broadbands orthomode coupler |
| CN106876853B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2022-12-06 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | Ku-waveband broadband orthogonal mode coupler |
| WO2019052097A1 (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2019-03-21 | 叶健聪 | Reverse directional coupler structure |
| WO2019052102A1 (en) * | 2017-09-17 | 2019-03-21 | 叶健聪 | Coated reverse directional coupler |
| CN110444848A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-12 | 安徽蓝讯电子科技有限公司 | A kind of 5G waveguide coupler with water-proof function |
| CN114243246A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-25 | 电子科技大学 | Improved terahertz high-isolation E-surface power divider and application thereof |
| CN114725644A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-08 | 电子科技大学 | E-plane branch waveguide directional coupler with ultralow amplitude unevenness |
| CN114639934A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-17 | 四川太赫兹通信有限公司 | Terahertz branch waveguide directional coupler |
| WO2024082951A1 (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Waveguide and communication system |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160113 Termination date: 20200930 |