CN204919506U - Field irrigation canals and ditches system that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off reduces - Google Patents
Field irrigation canals and ditches system that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off reduces Download PDFInfo
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- CN204919506U CN204919506U CN201520583763.3U CN201520583763U CN204919506U CN 204919506 U CN204919506 U CN 204919506U CN 201520583763 U CN201520583763 U CN 201520583763U CN 204919506 U CN204919506 U CN 204919506U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a field irrigation canals and ditches system that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off reduces. The utility model discloses scientifically utilize the current alternate traditional farmland ecosystem of rectangular pieces of land in a field ditch, in rectangular pieces of land in a field ditch alternate farmland, use the field piece as the unit, with in the piece of field separately between independent rectangular pieces of land in a field the ditch maintain to establish ties and be many bends ditch that parallel ditch is alternate with perpendicular ditch, the water inlet is connected to the one end in many bends ditch, the delivery port is connected to the other end, rivers flow to the delivery port from the water inlet, ditch length in the piece of field has extended from this greatly, further utilize aquatic plant to found and plant living ditch, rivers are when aquatic plant ditch section, can prolong water conservancy dwell time, aquatic nitrogen, phosphorus is partly to be reduce because of aquatic plant absorbs to utilize, another part deposits and accumulates in the bed mud of ditch, growth consumption through aquatic plant, reduce the nitrogen in the ditch, the phosphorus element, thereby reduce the nitrogen in field ditch, the phosphorus emission, realize reduceeing soil nitrogen well, the mesh that phosphorus runs off.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to agricultural nonpoint source pollution control field, is specifically related to a kind of field sewerage cut down soil nitrogen phosphorus and run off.
Background technology
Nitrogen, phosphorus promote the basic key element of agricultural sustainable development, uses nitrogen, phosphatic manure realizes one of most effective measures of increases in grain production.But, excessive nitrogen, the phosphatic manure used also brings alarming non-point pollution problem, nitrogen in soil, phosphorus with agricultural run-off discharge enter water body or under infilter into underground water, the eutrophication of water body can be caused, thus directly threaten the safety of underground water and drinking water.Gather in the Delta of the Pearl River network of waterways, farmland ditch system is flourishing, dry farming is carried out under adapting to the higher condition of groundwater table, generally adopt the farmland ecosystem that furrow ditch is alternate, dig zanjon in certain proportion. utilize the earth of ditching to play high furrow, the medium-term and long-term maintenance water layer of ditch, dry farming is carried out in furrow face, ditch can be used in cultivation or plantation, but the most ditch of present situation is all idle, only for watering, applying fertilizer and field operation etc.Because groundwater table is high, field irrigation canals and ditches draining is unordered, and field was amassed flood and often had generation flood season.Measure according to investigations, the vegetable plot of this structure, Soil Nitrogen, phosphorus, after especially once spreading fertilizer over the fields chemical fertilizer, greatly nitrogen, phosphorus are with to water or rainfall is lost in ditch, enter the water bodys such as rivers and lakes through field drainage system.Although existing many about utilizing water plant to set up ecological canal to cut down the technology that nitrogen phosphorus enters water body at present, considering that main irrigation and drainage ditch (canal) is upper in farmland more and implementing, and for little ditch, field not in attention, also lacking and implement technical scheme.In fact, for the farmland ecosystem that furrow ditch is alternate, first the nitrogen of soil losses in dry farming process, phosphorus enter ditch accumulation between furrow, afterwards by agricultural drain system discharge.Therefore, between furrow, ditch is the critical source areas of soil N and P losses.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is the soil nitrogen phosphorus loss technical problem for field irrigation canals and ditches, provides a kind of field sewerage cut down soil nitrogen phosphorus and run off.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of field sewerage cut down soil nitrogen phosphorus and run off is provided, comprise the alternate field of water inlet, furrow ditch and delivery port, in the field that described furrow ditch is alternate, many bends ditch is set, the one end in described many bends ditch connects water inlet, the other end connects delivery port, and current flow to delivery port from water inlet; Described many bends ditch comprises the ditch unit of some connections, and each ditch unit comprises the horizontal ditch be communicated with successively, longitudinal ditch, horizontal ditch and longitudinal ditch; The setting alternate with described furrow of described horizontal ditch, described longitudinal ditch is arranged at one end of described furrow, and longitudinal ditch of adjacent two furrow is arranged at relative direction.
Preferably, described many bends ditch is provided with water plant planting district.
Preferably, described water plant planting district is arranged at horizontal ditch.
Preferably, the described water plant planting section of separating is arranged.
Alternatively, in each horizontal ditch described, subsection setup has water plant planting district.
Alternatively, a horizontal ditch whole installation is water plant planting district, and the horizontal ditch be adjacent is set to the clear area of not planting aquatic plants.
Alternatively, in a horizontal ditch, subsection setup has water plant planting district, is set to the clear area of not planting aquatic plants in the horizontal ditch be adjacent.
Preferably, be parallel to each other between described horizontal ditch and horizontal ditch, described longitudinal ditch is mutually vertical with horizontal ditch.
Preferably, the length ratio in described horizontal ditch and longitudinal ditch is 10 ~ 12:1.
Further preferably, the length ratio in described horizontal ditch and longitudinal ditch is 23.4:2.26.
Further preferably, described field area is 570m
2, horizontal ditch is 11, and the long 23.4m of every bar ditch, described many bends ditch is about 280m.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
The utility model scientifically utilizes the conventional farmland ecosystem that existing furrow ditch is alternate, in the alternate farmland of furrow ditch, take field as unit, by in field separately independently between furrow ditch finishing series connection be many bends ditch that a parallel ditch is alternate with vertical furrow, the one end in many bends ditch connects water inlet, the other end connects delivery port, current flow to delivery port from water inlet, greatly increase the ditch length in field thus, utilize water plant to build further and plant raw ditch, current are through aquatic plant ditch section, hydraulic detention time can be extended, nitrogen in water, a phosphorus part is cut down because water plant absorbs, another part precipitation accumulates in the bed mud of ditch, by the growth consumption of water plant, cut down the nitrogen in ditch, P elements, thus reduce the nitrogen in ditch, field, phosphorus emission, realize well cutting down Soil Nitrogen, the object of phosphorus loss.
Further, the utility model is compartment planting aquatic plants in ditch, adopt compartment Plant plane, while realizing the utility model and cutting down the object of soil N and P losses, remain ditch between furrow well for watering, applying fertilizer and the function of field operation.
The number of dropouts adopting the utility model system to cut down Soil Nitrogen and phosphorus can reach more than more than 80% and 70% respectively, and compared with contrast sewerage, soil N and P losses reduction effect is remarkable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 the utility model system architecture schematic diagram.
The system architecture schematic diagram of Fig. 2 the utility model compartment planting aquatic plants.
The system architecture schematic diagram of Fig. 3 the utility model compartment planting aquatic plants.
Fig. 4 the utility model method is to the removal effect of total nitrogen.
Fig. 5 the utility model method is to the removal effect of nitrate nitrogen.
Fig. 6 the utility model method is to the removal effect figure of total phosphorus.
Fig. 7 the utility model method is to the removal effect figure of titanium pigment.
Fig. 8 the utility model method is to the removal effect of total nitrogen.
Fig. 9 the utility model method is to the removal effect of nitrate nitrogen.
Figure 10 the utility model method is to the removal effect figure of total phosphorus.
Figure 11 the utility model method is to the removal effect figure of titanium pigment.
Detailed description of the invention
The utility model is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of field sewerage, as shown in Figure 1, comprise the alternate field of water inlet 7, furrow ditch and delivery port 8, in the field that described furrow ditch is alternate, many bends ditch is set, the one end in described many bends ditch connects water inlet 7, the other end connects delivery port 8, and current flow to delivery port 8 from water inlet 7 through many bends ditch; Described many bends ditch comprises the ditch unit of some connections, the first ditch unit comprise be communicated with successively horizontal ditch 2, longitudinal ditch 5, horizontal ditch 4 and longitudinal ditch 6, the rest may be inferred for other ditch unit; The setting alternate with described furrow of described horizontal ditch, described longitudinal ditch is arranged at one end of described furrow, and longitudinal ditch of adjacent two furrow is arranged at relative direction.
As shown in Figure 1, horizontal ditch 2, furrow 1, horizontal ditch 4 setting alternate with furrow 3, have longitudinal ditch 5 in one end of furrow 1, have longitudinal ditch 6 in one end of furrow 3, longitudinal ditch 5 is communicated with through horizontal ditch 4 with longitudinal ditch 6.
Water plant planting district can be provided with in described horizontal ditch, planting aquatic plants, by the growth consumption of water plant, cuts down nitrogen, the P elements in ditch, thus reduce nitrogen, the phosphorus emission in ditch, field, realize the object that the utility model technology cuts down soil N and P losses further.
The plantation of described water plant adopts the method for compartment plantation, and the method for described compartment plantation can be adopt segmentation planting aquatic plants 10 in the horizontal ditch 4 of same, as shown in Figure 2.
Or, whole planting aquatic plants in a horizontal ditch, the horizontal ditch not planting aquatic plants be adjacent.As shown in Figure 3.
Adopt the method for compartment planting aquatic plants while realizing the utility model and cutting down the object of soil N and P losses, remain ditch between furrow well for watering, applying fertilizer and the function of field operation.
This field surrounding arranges ridge 9.
embodiment 2 application experiment
The present embodiment, with reference to the construction process of system described in the utility model method and embodiment 1, selects the alternate field of Suburbs of Guangzhou Vegetable Base furrow ditch to test.Enforcement is tested and was carried out in 2014.
This field area 570m
2, long-term planting vegetable.11, ditch between former furrow, the long 23.4m of every bar ditch, field draining is unordered.Growing vegetables fertilising mainly with the mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields, one season vegetables impose nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer 5 ~ 6 times, between furrow, ditch the content of nitrogen and phosphorous is general higher.By the utility model method in repairing field ditch mid-February then, in advance ditch between dredging furrow, longitudinally ditch at the two ends of furrow along field afterwards, to be communicated with between furrow often bar ditch, makes it formation one and is about 280m, many bends ditch that parallel ditch is alternate with vertical furrow.Select very water herbaceous plant, with parallel ditch for section, segmentation plantation on ditch, form the general layout of water plant compartment distribution, one end, ditch connects water inlet, and the other end connects delivery port, and current flow to delivery port from water inlet, soil losses to the nitrogen in ditch, phosphorus major part to absorb by water plant or accumulation in the bed mud of ditch, thus reach the object reducing farmland N and P losses.
Specific implementation method is as follows: Vegetable Base selects the field that furrow ditch is alternate on the outskirts of a town, and by ditch dredging between original for field furrow, in field longitudinally perpendicular on furrow ditch direction, sort as the furrow of odd number, the right-hand member in furrow is ditched and is communicated with the ditch of the upper and lower both sides of furrow; The left end of furrow then blocks and does not allow the water in ditch on the upside of furrow flow through.Sequence is the furrow of even numbers, then on the contrary, the left end in furrow is ditched and is communicated with the ditch of the upper and lower both sides of furrow; The right-hand member of furrow then blocks and does not allow the water in ditch on the upside of furrow flow through.The ditch that final formation total length 280mm, parallel ditch and vertical furrow distribute alternately, one end, upstream of ditch connects with field irrigation canals and ditches, is water inlet; One end, downstream connects with the outer irrigation canals and ditches of field, is delivery port.Segmentation planting aquatic plants on ditch, sorts as the parallel ditch plantation very water herbaceous plant (therefore variety adoption sleeping beauty as the citing illustrated, but does not limit the utility model) of odd number.The parallel ditch that sequence is even numbers is then left ditch and uses, and waters and field management for daily.Simulation ditch, field the content of nitrogen and phosphorous, leading emptying ditch ponding, then pour into nitrogenous, the certain density water of phosphorus at water inlet end, the water yield is about the emptying amount of ditch ponding.Water determination the content of nitrogen and phosphorous is gathered in every section of water plant front end and end, ditch water inlet and delivery port respectively at Different periods and different hydraulic detention time, after the sampling time is respectively and pours water 0,6,12,24,48,72 hour after pouring water.Select the field field in contrast that a furrow ditch is alternate else, between furrow, ditch does not process, and implements same draining, water filling test, and measure the content of nitrogen and phosphorous of different hydraulic detention time, the data obtained compares in contrast.
Result of the test is shown in shown in Fig. 4 ~ 10, and in accompanying drawing 4 ~ 10, a is contrast field, and b is the utility model system field.Result shows, the system of the utility model technique construction, obvious reduction effect is had to nitrogen, phosphorus, on average 86.8%, 87.5% can be reached respectively to the reduction rate of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, 25.2%, 11.1% is improved respectively than contrast, on average 36.5%, 49.6% can be reached, than contrast raising 9.5%, 27.4% to the reduction rate of total phosphorus, Leaching Properties of Soluble Phosphorus.
Claims (9)
1. the field sewerage cut down soil nitrogen phosphorus and run off, it is characterized in that, comprise the alternate field of water inlet, furrow ditch and delivery port, in the field that described furrow ditch is alternate, many bends ditch is set, the one end in described many bends ditch connects water inlet, the other end connects delivery port, and current flow to delivery port from water inlet; Described many bends ditch comprises the ditch unit of some connections, and each ditch unit comprises the horizontal ditch be communicated with successively, longitudinal ditch, horizontal ditch and longitudinal ditch; The setting alternate with described furrow of described horizontal ditch, described longitudinal ditch is arranged at one end of described furrow, and longitudinal ditch of adjacent two furrow is arranged at relative direction.
2. cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described many bends ditch is provided with water plant planting district.
3. according to claim 1 or 2, cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off, it is characterized in that, described water plant planting district is arranged at horizontal ditch.
4. according to claim 1 or 2, cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off, it is characterized in that, the described water plant planting section of separating is arranged.
5. cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in each horizontal ditch described, subsection setup has water plant planting district.
6. cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, a horizontal ditch whole installation is water plant planting district, and the horizontal ditch be adjacent is set to the clear area of not planting aquatic plants.
7. cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in a horizontal ditch, subsection setup has water plant planting district, is set to the clear area of not planting aquatic plants in the horizontal ditch be adjacent.
8. cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be parallel to each other between described horizontal ditch and horizontal ditch, described longitudinal ditch is mutually vertical with horizontal ditch.
9. cut down the field sewerage that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the length ratio in described horizontal ditch and longitudinal ditch is 10 ~ 12:1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520583763.3U CN204919506U (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Field irrigation canals and ditches system that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off reduces |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109553190A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-02 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A method of the ecological ditch pool, which is embedded in, using buffer strip intercepts farmland nitrogen phosphorus runoff |
| CN109548620A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 广东中联兴环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that Rare Earth Mine improves soil and Construction of Ecological Scenery discardedly |
-
2015
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201520583763.3U patent/CN204919506U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109553190A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-02 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A method of the ecological ditch pool, which is embedded in, using buffer strip intercepts farmland nitrogen phosphorus runoff |
| CN109548620A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 广东中联兴环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that Rare Earth Mine improves soil and Construction of Ecological Scenery discardedly |
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