CN204807051U - Satellite outer corner measurement appearance based on two dimension PSD - Google Patents
Satellite outer corner measurement appearance based on two dimension PSD Download PDFInfo
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- CN204807051U CN204807051U CN201520332613.5U CN201520332613U CN204807051U CN 204807051 U CN204807051 U CN 204807051U CN 201520332613 U CN201520332613 U CN 201520332613U CN 204807051 U CN204807051 U CN 204807051U
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Abstract
Satellite outer corner measurement appearance based on two dimension PSD, it relates to a satellite outer corner measurement appearance. The utility model discloses a solve the problem that measuring error is big that present satellite contact measurement produced. The utility model discloses an optics autocollimator system, two dimension PSD sensor, a signal conditioning module, a A/D converting circuit, singlechip and display module, auto -collimation measurement system includes the laser source, first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the 5th lens, first prism, the second prism, the spectroscope and the reflection of light face that awaits measuring, be first lens in the primary optic axis direction of the laser of laser source output in proper order, the second lens, third lens and first prism, the light output at first prism is installed to the spectroscope, be the 5th lens and two -dimentional PSD sensor in spectroscopical first beam split light path in proper order, be the second prism in spectroscopical second beam split light path. The utility model discloses measuring range is big, and measurement accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus, is specifically related to the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus based on Two-dimensional PSD, belongs to small angle measurement technical field.
Background technology
The main method of domestic and international small angle measurement has: mechanical angle-measuring method, electromagnetism angle-measuring method, optics angle-measuring method etc.
1 mechanical angle-measuring method
Machinery angle-measuring method is the angle measurement technique occurred the earliest, and main representative instrument is multiteeth indexing table.
Multiteeth indexing table is a kind of mechanical angle measurement unit, and it not only can as the benchmark of measurement of angle, and the exact instrument that can produce as angle.The advantages such as it is by all four two face gears of parameter such as use a pair diameter, the number of teeth, profiles of tooth, carrying out precision indexing, therefore having precision by relatively rotating with the average effect of tooth engagement, easy to operate.Multiteeth indexing table is fluted disc structure, and the number of teeth generally has 360,720,1440 etc., and the number of teeth is more, and indexing accuracy is higher, and measuring accuracy improves with the increase of the number of teeth.Because the error of tooth to angle-differentiated has mean effort, thus can reach very high indexing accuracy, have use simple, can the feature such as continuous division.
The dividing apparatus generally used at present is mainly based on Worm-gear type, and structure has horizontal and vertical two kinds.Multiteeth indexing table, due to its high precision, high rigidity, structure is simple, calibration scope large and precision stability is good etc. feature, is widely used in machinery manufacturing industry.
Current multiteeth indexing table adopts manual rotation mostly, and the efficiency of measurement of angle is lower, and needs manual intervention, can not meet the requirement of automatic measurement, and the use hydraulic pressure occurred afterwards is as driving power multiteeth indexing table, but complex structure, volume are large.
2 electromagnetism angle-measuring methods
The method of electromagnetism takes measurement of an angle and is mainly used in the further segmentation of angle, by increasing calibration to increase measurement range and to improve measuring accuracy.Electromagnetic type angle measurement technique mainly contains magnetic induction synchronizer and Fringe of metrological Radial Gratings.
Magnetic induction synchronizer angle-measuring method is a kind of electromagnetic induction position detecting element, and its principle compares according to the voltage of sinusoidal, cosine two winding and phase place, utilizes electromagnetic induction that displacement is changed into electric signal, and with digital pulses output reference amount.
Fringe of metrological Radial Gratings is a kind of angular indexing device of precision, is widely used in precision measurement and Precision Machining field.When the Circular gratings having an identical pitch angle two pieces overlaps, under the illumination of light, will Moire fringe be produced, the Moire fringe light signal of near sinusoidal type can be obtained from Circular gratings, by opto-electronic conversion, obtain the electric signal of near sinusoidal.Corresponding angle signal can be converted the electrical signal to, thus realize the measurement of angle.
No matter be mechanical angle measurement technique or electromagnetism angle measurement technique, their major defect is substantially all hand dipping, be difficult to the robotization realizing measuring, and measuring accuracy is easily subject to processing precision and technique and restriction.
3 optics angle-measuring methods
Optical measuring method has noncontact, high precision, highly sensitive feature, and is subject to the favor of people.Along with large scale integrated circuit and photoelectric technology development and and application, make the development of optical measurement enter a New Times, improving constantly of the photoelectric device constantly occurred in recent years and device performance, greatly advances the development of photoelectricity angle measurement technique.Along with computing machine and Embedded widespread use, angle measurement technique just towards the field development that dynamic high speed is measured, and is connected as a single entity with automatic production and administration.
Current measuring method both domestic and external generally can be divided into: optical dividing head method, Circular gratings method, autocollimation method, optical internal-reflection method, laser interferance method, loop laser method etc.
A. optical internal-reflection method.When total reflection occurs light, angle of incidence of light changes near critical angle, causes reflectivity to occur sharply to change thereupon.Optical internal-reflection angle-measuring method utilizes this physical phenomenon exactly, is determined the change of incident angle by the change of measuring reflective light intensity.
According to the angel measuring instrument small volume that optical internal-reflection method is made, thus can make portable angel measuring instrument, advantage is that structure is simple, and precision is higher, and shortcoming is exactly that measurement range is less.
B. laser interferance method.Laser interference angle-measuring method uses Michelson interferometer as fundamental measurement principle.Main measuring principle is, the light that laser instrument sends is divided into two-way light, wherein the light path of a road light is constant, the light path of another road light changes with the deflection of angle, therefore optical path difference just changes with the change of sheet corner, also there is corresponding movement in interference fringe, by measuring the amount of movement of striped, just can record the corner of turntable.
By the method to interference fringe counting, can continuous coverage angle, and have the good linearity, experiment shows, when measurement range is 0.1944 °, resolution is 0.5 ", when range is 3.5496 °, resolution reaches 1.5 ".
C. autocollimation method.Autocollimator (also known as autocollimator) utilizes optical autocollimating principle, and the one that maybe can be converted into small angle measurement for small angle measurement commonly uses metrology and measurement instrument.Add a level crossing in the front of telescope sight line, just can form a simple autocollimator.Autocollimator has higher degree of accuracy and measurement resolution, and optical texture is relatively simple, and small volume, in the precision measurement system be thus widely used, such as rocks measurement, straight line degree measurement etc. at measurement of angle, the measurement of planeness, angle.
Autocollimator is mainly divided into optical-autocollimator and photoelectric auto-collimator, and optical-autocollimator is predecessor and the prototype of photoelectric auto-collimator, the product that photoelectric auto-collimator is optical-autocollimator, Novel Optoelectronic Device and electronic technology combine.In decades recently, due to the fast development of electronic technology and photoelectric technology, traditional optical-autocollimator and modern optical device combine, facilitate the generation of modern photoelectric auto-collimator, by using novel photoelectric detector and automatic technology, electronic technology, achieve show number from original mechanical type, reading measurement result up till now shows automatically, and the performance index such as measuring accuracy, resolution, repeatability are greatly improved.
At present, along with the development of science and technology, satellite angle and low-angle need more high precision and larger test specification, and prior art cannot meet such demand.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the problem that the measuring error in order to solve the generation of existing satellite contact type measurement method is large.
The technical solution of the utility model is: based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, comprise self-collimation measurement system, Two-dimensional PSD sensor, Signal-regulated kinase, A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer and display module, the output terminal of self-collimation measurement system connects Two-dimensional PSD sensor successively, Signal-regulated kinase, A/D change-over circuit and single-chip microcomputer, the output terminal of single-chip microcomputer connects display module, and described self-collimation measurement system comprises lasing light emitter, first lens, second lens, 3rd lens, 4th lens, 5th lens, first prism, second prism, spectroscope and reflective surface to be measured, the primary optical axis direction of the laser that lasing light emitter exports is followed successively by the first lens, second lens, 3rd lens and the first prism, spectroscope is arranged on the light output end of the first prism, spectroscopical first light splitting optical path is followed successively by the 5th lens and Two-dimensional PSD sensor, spectroscopical second light splitting optical path is the second prism, and the second prism exports light by the 4th lens lighting on reflective surface to be measured.
Described first lens and the second lens are a lens combination, are equivalent to an inverted telescope, play the effect of compression light beam, diminished by the diameter of light beam.
3rd lens are convergent lens, play the effect of convergence of rays.
4th lens are focal length collimation lens, and collimate light is become directional light.
5th lens are amplifying lens, and through the amplification of the 5th lens, the light be radiated on Two-dimensional PSD sensor can by the identification of Two-dimensional PSD sensor.
Described spectroscopical first light splitting optical path and the second light splitting optical path conllinear and direction is contrary.
Two-dimensional PSD sensor is combined with total system, improves the resolution of instrument, expands measurement range, improve measuring accuracy.
Described Signal-regulated kinase comprises the first identical conditioning branch road of structure and the second conditioning branch road, first conditioning branch road comprises the Two-dimensional PSD sensing data treatment circuit, follower, the first filtering circuit, amplifying circuit and the second filtering circuit that connect successively, because the hot spot that PSD sensitive area receives is formed after testee reflection, so luminous energy is less, cause PSD output photoelectric stream atomic weak, only zero point about several microamperes, thus the key designed is amplification and the filter out noise interference of feeble signal, guarantees measuring accuracy.
Described Two-dimensional PSD sensor treatment circuit comprises an I-V change-over circuit, the 2nd I-V change-over circuit, totalizer, subtracter and divider, the output terminal of the one I-V change-over circuit and the output terminal of the 2nd I-V change-over circuit connect with the input end of totalizer and the input end of subtracter respectively, the output terminal of totalizer and the output terminal of subtracter all connect with divider, and the output terminal of divider connects the input end of follower.
Described A/D change-over circuit comprises 16 successive approximation type a/d converters, and 16 successive approximation ADC-AD976A compare with 8 AD converter with 12, and 16 ADC more can meet designing requirement in the occasion that accuracy requirement is higher.AD976A be analog device (AnalogDevice) company release a 16 high precision, at a high speed, low-power consumption ADC.Adopt successive approximation principle of work, single+5V powers, and single channel inputs, and input voltage range +/-10V, sampling rate is 100KSPS, AD976A is 200KSPS.
Described display module is 12864 LCD MODULE, adopts serial communication connected mode and single-chip microcomputer to connect.
The utility model compared with prior art has following effect: self-collimation measurement system of the present utility model has the features such as structure is simple, easy to use, and different from traditional contact type measurement, non-contact measurement of the present utility model, decreases measurements interference; Utilize single-chip microcomputer as controller core, data processing is carried out in inside, measurement result is shown in real time, PC can be sent data to by serial ports or radio communication when needing, achieve automatic measurement, the utility model has two-dimensional measurement ability, each dimension measuring accuracy is 0.1 rad, measurement range is not less than [-10 "; 10 "], power consumption is not more than 3W, and the utility model surveying instrument can be applied to the small angle measurement in space satellite field, and also can be applicable to other needs high-precision small-angle fields of measurement.There is the advantage that measurement range is large, measuring accuracy is high, good reliability, power consumption are little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, the utility model one-piece construction block diagram;
Fig. 2, the structural representation of autocollimating measurement system of the present utility model;
Fig. 3, the structured flowchart of the utility model Signal-regulated kinase;
Fig. 4, the circuit diagram of the I-V change-over circuit of the utility model Two-dimensional PSD sensor treatment circuit;
Fig. 5, the adder circuit figure of the utility model Two-dimensional PSD sensor treatment circuit;
Fig. 6, the divider circuit figure of the utility model Two-dimensional PSD sensor treatment circuit;
Fig. 7, the circuit diagram of follower of the present utility model, the first filtering circuit, amplifying circuit and the second filtering circuit;
The circuit diagram of Fig. 8, the utility model A/D change-over circuit;
Fig. 9, measuring principle figure of the present utility model.
In figure 1, lasing light emitter, the 2, first lens, the 3, second lens, the 4, the 3rd lens, the 5, the 4th lens, the 6, the 5th lens, the 7, first prism, the 8, second prism, 9, spectroscope, 10, reflective plane to be measured, 11, Two-dimensional PSD sensor, 12, anchor point.
Embodiment
1 to accompanying drawing 4 illustrates embodiment of the present utility model by reference to the accompanying drawings, and the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus based on Two-dimensional PSD of present embodiment, comprises self-collimation measurement system, Two-dimensional PSD sensor, Signal-regulated kinase, A/D change-over circuit, MSP430 single-chip microcomputer and display module, the output terminal connection signal conditioning module successively of self-collimation measurement system, A/D change-over circuit and MSP430 single-chip microcomputer, the output terminal of MSP430 single-chip microcomputer connects display module, and described self-collimation measurement system comprises lasing light emitter 1, first lens 2, second lens 3, 3rd lens 4, 4th lens 5, 5th lens 6, first prism 7, second prism 8, spectroscope 9 and reflective surface to be measured 10, the primary optical axis direction of the laser that lasing light emitter 1 exports is followed successively by the first lens 2, second lens 3, 3rd lens 4 and the first prism 7, spectroscope 9 is arranged on the light output end of the first prism 7, first light splitting optical path of spectroscope 9 is followed successively by the 5th lens 6 and Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11, second light splitting optical path of spectroscope 9 is the second prism 8, second prism 8 is exported light and is irradiated on reflective surface 10 to be measured by the 4th lens 5.Present embodiment adopts MSP430 single-chip microcomputer, also can utilize the single-chip microcomputer of other model, equally also can realize function of the present utility model.
Described first lens 2 and the second lens 3 form a lens combination, are equivalent to an inverted telescope, play the effect of compression light beam, diminished by the diameter of light beam.
3rd lens 4 are convergent lens, play the effect of convergence of rays.
4th lens 5 are focal length collimation lens, and collimate light is become directional light.
5th lens are amplifying lens, and through the amplification of the 5th lens, the light be radiated on Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11 can be identified by Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11, improve the resolution of self-collimation measurement system.
Described Signal-regulated kinase comprises the first identical conditioning branch road of structure and the second conditioning branch road, and the first conditioning branch road comprises the Two-dimensional PSD sensing data treatment circuit, follower, the first filtering circuit, amplifying circuit and the second filtering circuit that connect successively.
Described Two-dimensional PSD sensor treatment circuit comprises an I-V change-over circuit, 2nd I-V change-over circuit, totalizer, subtracter and divider, the output terminal of the one I-V change-over circuit and the input end of the 2nd I-V change-over circuit and Two-dimensional PSD sensor connect, the output terminal of the one I-V change-over circuit and the output terminal of the 2nd I-V change-over circuit connect with totalizer and subtracter respectively, the output terminal of totalizer and subtracter all connects with divider, the output terminal of divider connects the input end of follower, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, the output terminal of Two-dimensional PSD sensor is divided into X road signal and Y road signal, X road signal is nursed one's health through the first conditioning branch road, Y road signal is nursed one's health through the second conditioning branch road, described X road signal comprises X11 and X12, Y road signal comprises Y11 and Y12, X11, X12, the corresponding input end of the I-V change-over circuit that Y11 and Y12 is corresponding with it respectively links, first conditioning branch road is connected the input end of totalizer input end and subtracter respectively with the output terminal of two I-V change-over circuits of the second conditioning branch road, through the divider that the data of totalizer and subtracter process are all sent to.
Described A/D change-over circuit comprises 16 successive approximation type a/d converters.
Described display module is 12864 LCD MODULE.
The inverted telescope that the light beam that lasing light emitter 1 sends is consisted of the first lens 2 and the second lens 3 is by laser beam compression, light beam after compression incides the 3rd lens 4, 3rd lens 4 are by convergence of rays, light path is changed by the first prism 7, the directional light that light path is divided into two bundle directions contrary through spectroscope 9 by light beam, light beam is injected on Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11 through the 5th lens 6, another light beam amplifies through the 4th lens 5 and is collimated into directional light, directional light is irradiated on reflective plane 10 to be measured, reflected light and the former incident light of reflective plane 10 to be measured are angled, anchor point 12 place is projected through spectroscope 9, at anchor point 12, place is converged to picture, the position of described anchor point 12 is also the focal position of the 4th lens 5, but because the picture of this point is very little, the resolution of Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11 cannot detect, so amplified by the 5th lens 6 pairs of anchor point 12 place imagings, to reach the resolution of Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11, the light signal of acquisition is changed into electric signal by Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11, by Two-dimensional PSD sensor 11, change in displacement signal is converted into electric signal, and through Signal-regulated kinase and A/D change-over circuit by signals collecting to embedded processing systems, the error of hardware circuit generation is eliminated by the method crossing software.
Along with the raising with performance that continues to bring out of Novel Optoelectronic Device, and the development of photoelectric measurement technology and embedded technology, the measuring method of photo-electric is made to become the inexorable trend of small angle measurement, applying maximum autocollimators is utilize optical autocollimating principle, for the measurement instrument of small angle measurement, its effect is important, be widely used: in the metering base of face angle, standard foundation, transmission of quantity value, angular metric precision measurement, all be absolutely necessary equipment, more and more higher to the requirement of its accuracy, resolving power, stability.The broaden application of autocollimation technology, defines various instrumentation, to solve many engineering survey difficult problems such as kinetic measurement, Space Angle position measurement; Improve the performance of some all purpose instrument, expand range of application.
Autocollimator side angle principle is adopted to carry out measurement of angle.As shown in Figure 5, the light sent at object lens L1 focus place luminous point O ' becomes a branch of parallel light emergence through object lens L1, reflects through catoptron, if catoptron is perpendicular to the optical axis of instrument, light beam will return along former route, at receiving plane position O " place forms autocollimation picture, and namely the autocollimation of O ' is as O ".When mirror tilt angle is α, reflected light is by deflection 2 α angle, and autocollimation picture is at O, and " place produces displacement △ x.Catoptron can be level crossing, also can be total reflection prisms that are incident from inclined-plane, two right-angle surface reflections.Angle calculation formula is:
In formula, α is the deflection angle of reflective mirror, and △ x is the displacement of autocollimation picture, and f is objective focal length, when α angle is low-angle, can replace tangent value, that is: with the radian value of angle
In formula, α is the deflection angle of reflective mirror, and unit is rad, and △ x is the displacement of autocollimation picture, and unit is mm, f is mirror focal length, and unit is mm, ρ is the conversion coefficient of radian to angle:
General ρ gets 206265.
The working method that this instrument receives the directional light oneself sent is called " autocollimation ".Therefore the sensitivity of autocollimation method is 2 times of collimation method, and the basis of visible autocollimation and collimation principle is geometrical optics, adopts telephotolens, directional light goes out, reflects or incidence, amplify the displacement of autocollimation picture, with measured angular displacement with optical lever.
Claims (10)
1. based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, comprise self-collimation measurement system, Two-dimensional PSD sensor, Signal-regulated kinase, A/D change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer and display module, the output terminal of self-collimation measurement system connects Two-dimensional PSD sensor successively, Signal-regulated kinase, A/D change-over circuit and single-chip microcomputer, the output terminal of single-chip microcomputer connects display module, it is characterized in that: described self-collimation measurement system comprises lasing light emitter, first lens, second lens, 3rd lens, 4th lens, 5th lens, first prism, second prism, spectroscope and reflective surface to be measured, the primary optical axis direction of the laser that lasing light emitter exports is followed successively by the first lens, second lens, 3rd lens and the first prism, spectroscope is arranged on the light output end of the first prism, spectroscopical first light splitting optical path is followed successively by the 5th lens and Two-dimensional PSD sensor, spectroscopical second light splitting optical path is the second prism, second prism exports light by the 4th lens lighting on reflective surface to be measured.
2. according to claim 1 based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described first lens and the second lens form inverted telescope.
3. according to claim 1 based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described 3rd lens are convergent lens.
4. according to claim 1 based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described 4th lens are focal length collimation lens.
5. according to claim 1 based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described 5th lens are amplifying lens.
6. according to claim 1 to claim 5 any one claim based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described spectroscopical first light splitting optical path and the second light splitting optical path conllinear and direction is contrary.
7. according to claim 1 to claim 5 any one claim based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described Signal-regulated kinase comprises the first identical conditioning branch road of structure and the second conditioning branch road, and the first conditioning branch road comprises the Two-dimensional PSD sensing data treatment circuit, follower, the first filtering circuit, amplifying circuit and the second filtering circuit that connect successively.
8. according to claim 7 based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described Two-dimensional PSD sensor treatment circuit comprises an I-V change-over circuit, the 2nd I-V change-over circuit, totalizer, subtracter and divider, the output terminal of the one I-V change-over circuit and the output terminal of the 2nd I-V change-over circuit connect with the input end of totalizer and the input end of subtracter respectively, the output terminal of totalizer and the output terminal of subtracter all connect with divider, and the output terminal of divider connects the input end of follower.
9. according to claim 1 to claim 5 any one claim based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described A/D change-over circuit comprises 16 successive approximation type a/d converters.
10. according to claim 1 to claim 5 any one claim based on the satellite turning angle admeasuring apparatus of Two-dimensional PSD, it is characterized in that: described display module is 12864 LCD MODULE.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105444669A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Measuring system and measuring method for large-scale plane directional variation |
| CN105486492A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-13 | 佛山市南海盐步康士柏机电有限公司 | Detection box and detection method for measuring deflection angle of LED headlamp of automobile by using images |
| CN109975796A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-05 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Integrated position measurement and adjustment device and method |
-
2015
- 2015-05-21 CN CN201520332613.5U patent/CN204807051U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105444669A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Measuring system and measuring method for large-scale plane directional variation |
| CN105444669B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-08-03 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | The measuring system and measurement method of variation are directed toward for large-scale plane |
| CN105486492A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-13 | 佛山市南海盐步康士柏机电有限公司 | Detection box and detection method for measuring deflection angle of LED headlamp of automobile by using images |
| CN109975796A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-05 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Integrated position measurement and adjustment device and method |
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