CN204536132U - Micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress - Google Patents
Micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN204536132U CN204536132U CN201520070031.4U CN201520070031U CN204536132U CN 204536132 U CN204536132 U CN 204536132U CN 201520070031 U CN201520070031 U CN 201520070031U CN 204536132 U CN204536132 U CN 204536132U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under a kind of compound stress, belongs to precision actuation field.The multi-load piezoelectric actuator of three built-in encapsulation type piezoelectric stacks is equilateral triangle topology installation form, by the Movement transmit of spherical pair and revolute pair, its axial elongation motion under different time-sequential voltage corresponds to by the stretching of micrometric scale component different mode-bending complex loading form, can realize the Three Degree Of Freedom high-frequency alternating motion of a test specimen wherein bare terminal end.Stretching piezoelectric actuator with regular groove structure also can realize the prestrain of the uniaxial tensile load of larger movement travel.In addition, silicon nitride heating sheet installation by adhering, in the rectangle draw-in groove of clamp body, can construct the service temperature field with controllable temperature gradient.The utility model compact conformation, content measurement enriches, and can study the many stress fatigues failure behaviour under high-temperature service environment such as materials for aeroengines.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to precision actuation and material mechanical performance field tests, particularly micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under a kind of compound stress.By using with the compatibility of 3-dimensional digital speckle Image-forming instrument, the utility model can carry out the fatigue at high temperature performance test under stretching-bending Action of Combined Loads, can study the many stress fatigues failure behaviour under high-temperature service environment such as materials for aeroengines, thus provide method of testing for the service reliability promoting engineering structure.
Background technology
Material or component repeated or alternate load effect time, although load amplitude is much smaller than its tensile strength or yield strength suffered by material or component, even be less than elastic load, but through distortion accumulation repeatedly, the final rupture failure that occurs is normally caused by fatigue load.According to statistics, in the inefficacy case of all kinds of mechanical component, about more than 80% is caused by fatigure failure.The loading of current testing fatigue is mostly single load, as the testing fatigue of Compression and Expansion pattern and the testing fatigue of three-point bending pattern.And to be permitted multimember loading under actual condition be not single load, but the acting in conjunction of multiple loading, the behavior under the damage of material under Action of Combined Loads, failure behaviour and single load effect is far different.Therefore the in-situ mechanical test of combined load pattern is significant to the differentiation of further investigation material property, failure damage mechanism.Test for the combined load based on stretch mode at present, be also only limitted to stretching-shearing combined load test that the appropriate reconstruction of Arcan fixture is realized.For the loading method of the combined load test that stretches-shear, the M. Arcan of Tel Aviv, Israel university just proposed in 1977 to utilize draw direction and the mutual acutangulate method of flat test piece axis to build plane stress state, the dish type clamping device that it is developed and cupping machine integrated, and on clamping device adhering resistance strain sheets, can measure the shear stress of dish type middle section under tensile load effect and shearing strain, M. Arcan is to the stress stretched under this stress state and shear-type load causes, the decoupling zero of strain is realized by the composition and decomposition of load and displacement simply.Because this clamping device structure is simple, and change journal offset angle by simple, can obtain abundant plane stress state, for the mechanical property research of anisotropic material provides powerful, therefore this clamping device is widely used by researchist's called after Arcan fixture afterwards.Based on Arcan fixture, the In-situ reaction load test of existing stretching-shear mode is mostly by means of the on-line monitoring of CCD.As 2011 La Photographie Navy Engineering College (ENSIETA) the J. H. Yan of J. Y. Cognard and 2008 year South Carolina, USA university utilize follow-on Arcan fixture to build stretching-shearing combined load test macro under CCD respectively, and the fracture behaviour of the Coating combination ability to compound substance and the brittle sheet material with precrack is studied.Follow-on Arcan fixture is all integrated on ex situ cupping machine by these research work.
On the other hand, critical material supportability is not enough serious restriction China's economic development and scientific-technical progress, the key special subjects such as large aircraft, manned space flight and the strategic industry such as new material, high-end equipment manufacturing are all badly in need of promoting material mechanical performance.Under raising complex load condition, the power of test of material damage mechanism, effectively can promote China's material properties test level." national medium & long term sci-tech development program outline " has explicitly pointed out the urgency of correlative study.Consider the actual applying working condition of material, material and goods thereof are in use often subject to the effect of non-single load form, as drawn-curved combination, pressure-turn round combination and draw-turn round the simultaneous situations of multiple load such as combination, the mechanical test of single load form has been difficult to accurately to reflect the loading of material and component under actual condition, namely cannot make the mechanical property of material under Action of Combined Loads and evaluating accurately.Multi-load type material Micro Mechanical Properties is tested close to material condition residing in actual use, to test with material mechanical performance under ecotopia with conventional single load and compare, the material mechanical performance data utilizing this method of testing to measure have more actual referential, can obtain the mechanical response of material to complex load condition and physical environment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under a kind of compound stress, solves the content measurement that existing fatigue at high temperature proving installation only possesses single load pattern, as tension-compression pattern, three-point bending pattern etc.The utility model is loaded by piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit, high temperature and water cooling unit, piezoelectric type tensile loads unit, detecting unit and support unit form.Utilize that piezoelectric drive element driving frequency is high, measuring accuracy is high, compact, compact conformation and output displacement are easy to the advantages such as control, the utility model can realize the loading to test specimen Three Degree Of Freedom high-frequency alternating load, can realize the stretching-bending combined load testing fatigue of different mode.Meanwhile, the piezoelectric actuator with regular groove structure also can realize the prestrain of the uniaxial tensile load of larger movement travel.In addition, adopt silicon nitride heating sheet as high-temperature heating element, the service temperature field with controllable temperature gradient can be built.Therefore, the utility model can be studied the many stress fatigues failure behaviour under high-temperature service environment such as materials for aeroengines.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress, comprise piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit, high temperature loads and water cooling unit, piezoelectric type tensile loads unit, detecting unit and support unit, multi-load flexible hinge 10 wherein in piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit is integrated with the revolute pair 11 in support unit, and spherical pair mobile terminal 6 keeps sphere-contact with the spherical concave surface of the spherical pair fixed support 3 in support unit and spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4; High temperature load and the lower clamp body 23 of silicon nitride heating sheet 24 installation by adhering in piezoelectric type tensile loads unit in water cooling unit and upper clamp body 26 rectangle draw-in groove in, the stationary platform 15 that the hinge support frame 20 in piezoelectric type tensile loads unit is threaded connection in mode and support unit is rigidly connected; Detecting unit is three-dimensional force transducer 27, and it is rigidly connected respectively by the upper clamp body 26 in the sensor flange 1 in thread connecting mode and support unit and piezoelectric type tensile loads unit;
Described piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit comprises three spherical pair mobile terminals 6 and three multi-load piezoelectric actuators, each multi-load piezoelectric actuator is made up of pretension wedge 7, pre-loading screw 8, multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and multi-load flexible hinge 10, and cylindrical multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 has output displacement self-checking function;
Described high temperature loads and water cooling unit comprises outer water cooling tube 22, silicon nitride heating sheet 24, cooled plate 30, thermal insulation board 31 and heat-conducting plate 32, wherein cooled plate 30, thermal insulation board 31 and heat-conducting plate 32 are fixedly mounted in clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23, silicon nitride heating sheet 24 installation by adhering, in the rectangle draw-in groove of two clamp bodies, carries out uniform high-temperature heating to test specimen 25;
Described piezoelectric type tensile loads unit comprises stretching piezoelectric actuator, high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton 16, flat shim 18, expansion bolt 19, hinge support frame 20, lower clamp flange 21, lower clamp body 23, test specimen 25 and upper clamp body 26, wherein stretching piezoelectric actuator is made up of stretch flexible hinge 17 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29, stretching piezoelectric actuator, lower clamp flange 21, lower clamp body 23 and upper clamp body 26 adopt tandem mounting means, and it installs the geometirc symmetry axis line that axis is the utility model in the vertical direction;
Described detecting unit comprises sensor flange 1, three-dimensional force transducer 27 and sensor flange mounting screw 28, the toppling of mobile platform 2 moves through three-dimensional force transducer 27 and upper clamp body 26 is passed to test specimen 25, and three-dimensional force transducer 27 is for detecting stretching suffered by test specimen 25 and bending load;
Described support unit comprises spherical pair movable part and revolute pair fixed part, wherein spherical pair movable part is made up of mobile platform 2, spherical pair fixed support 3, spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4 and spherical pair trip bolt 5, revolute pair fixed part is made up of taper roll bearing 12, revolute pair nut 13, rotation axis 14 and stationary platform 15, and the spherical pair consisted of spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4, spherical pair trip bolt 5 and spherical pair mobile terminal 6 realizes the three-degree-of-freedom motion of mobile platform 2.
Compound stress is the stretching-bending compound stress realized based on 3-freedom parallel mechanism.Three described multi-load piezoelectric actuators are equilateral triangle topology installation form, its high-frequency alternating exported is displaced through the spherical pair be made up of spherical pair mobile terminal 6, spherical pair fixed support 3 and spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4 and is passed to mobile platform 2, based on multimodal Timing driver voltage, three multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9 realize the array configuration of various axial elongation motion, namely drive mobile platform 2 to realize the motion of Three Degree Of Freedom high-frequency alternating; And then, to be stretched-bend complex loading form by the high frequency that micrometric scale test specimen 25 realizes different mode.
Described silicon nitride heating sheet 24 has different temperature survey strokes, it is symmetrical is between two installed in the rectangle draw-in groove of clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23, silicon nitride heating sheet 24 carries out plug according to the demand of probe temperature and changes, and its heat produced conducts on test specimen 25 through upper clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23; When applying the alternating voltage of different amplitude to four silicon nitride heating sheets 24, the heated environment of test specimen 25 is real in having the service temperature field of controllable temperature gradient; Thermal insulation board 31 and heat-conducting plate 32 are all fixedly mounted in clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23, and its material is respectively high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton and red copper; Water-cycling-media in outer water cooling tube 22 is used for the real-time cooling of thermal insulation board 31, and heat-conducting plate 32 is passed to test specimen 25 for the heat produced by silicon nitride heating sheet 24.
Described stretching piezoelectric actuator provides the prestrain of the uniaxial tensile load of larger movement travel for the testing fatigue of test specimen 25 under compound stress.The installation axis of stretching piezoelectric actuator is coaxial with the geometirc symmetry axis line of the utility model in the vertical direction.The rigid element of stretching flexible hinge 17 is rigidly connected with hinge support frame 20 by flat shim 18 and expansion bolt 19, its plastic deformation part is processed with regular groove structure, this groove structure guarantees that stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 bears compressive load, and carries out the Linear Amplifer of constant proportion rate to the straight-line displacement that stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 exports; Expansion bolt 19 guarantees that the plastic deformation part of stretching flexible hinge 17 does not rub with hinge support frame 20.
Described high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton 16 is fastenedly connected with the rigid element of multi-load flexible hinge 10, the relative position of three high temperature resistant heat insulation cottons 16 is equilateral triangle topological form, and all install towards test specimen 25, for the direct heat radiation of isolated silicon nitride heating sheet 24 pairs of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9, weaken hyperthermia radiation to the impact of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 output displacement; The sidewall of hinge support frame 20 is processed well-regulated hollow out grid, for the heat radiation of the packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 that stretches.
Described multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 are and stack formula piezoelectric ceramics actuator, have output displacement self-checking function, and the response time is sub-Millisecond; In conjunction with the constant displacement magnification ratio of multi-load flexible hinge 10 and stretching flexible hinge 17 plastic deformation mechanism, obtain the real-time displacement of four piezoelectric actuator output terminal sub-nm resolutions respectively.Therefore, the utility model can detect the output displacement of piezoelectric actuator without the need to configuring other elements.In addition, the utility model compact, compact conformation, also can use with 3-dimensional digital speckle Image-forming instrument compatibility, detect in real time test specimen 25 in the strain under Action of Combined Loads that stretches-bend.
The retained part of test specimen 25, when reality uses, is first mounted in the wedge-shaped impression of lower clamp body 23 and upper clamp body 26 by the utility model, to guarantee the initial centering of just extension test.Open fluid media (medium) operation valve afterwards, logical low-temperature cooling water in outer water cooling tube 22, the alternating voltage that highest amplitude is 220V is applied to four groups of silicon nitride heating sheets 24, according to claim 3, when applying the alternating voltage of different amplitude to four silicon nitride heating sheets 24, the heated environment of test specimen 25 is real in having the service temperature field of controllable temperature gradient, and because the intensification of silicon nitride heating sheet 24 is namely fast, the temperature field of structure can reach temperature stable state within half a minute.After completing test specimen clamping and temperature applying, by the given specific frequency of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and waveform signal, by power amplifier, the voltage signal of output is acted on multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 two arrays of electrodes.Stretching piezoelectric actuator can be the prestrain that test specimen 25 provides the uniaxial tensile load of larger movement travel, can apply the DC voltage of 120V in test to stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29.According to the loading under test specimen 25 actual condition, the alternating sinusoidal voltage of different amplitude can be applied to three multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9, but it is consistent to execute alive frequency need, make it export the alternating displacement of different amplitude.As applied that amplitude is 50V, frequency is the alternating voltage of 100Hz by a multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 wherein, apply to another two the multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9 of offside that amplitude is 100V, frequency is the alternating voltage of 100Hz, can realize with-bending combined load the testing fatigue that frequently stretches.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model can realize the response time of submillimeter level and the output displacement resolution of Subnano-class, compact conformation, and size of main body is 153 mm × 135, mm × 146 mm.Compared with prior art, the utility model can realize the stretching-bending combined load testing fatigue of various modes, possesses the pre-loaded function of the uniaxial tensile load of larger movement travel simultaneously.In addition, utilize maximum heating temperature can reach the silicon nitride heating sheet of 1500 DEG C, uniform high-temperature heating can be carried out to test specimen.Also the service temperature field with controllable temperature gradient can be built.Therefore, the utility model can be understanding, disclose complicated Service Environment under the Fatigue Damage Mechanism of material provide method of testing, also can be the service reliability that promotes engineering structure and stability provides Research Thinking.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, forms a application's part, and illustrative example of the present utility model and explanation thereof, for explaining the utility model, are not formed improper restriction of the present utility model.
Fig. 1 is overall appearance structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is schematic top plan view of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is stretching piezoelectric actuator schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is multi-load piezoelectric actuator schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is that high temperature of the present utility model loads and refrigeration principle schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of three-degree-of-freedom motion of the present utility model.
In figure: 1. sensor flange, 2. mobile platform, 3. spherical pair fixed support, 4. spherical pair travel(l)ing rest, 5. spherical pair trip bolt, 6. spherical pair mobile terminal, 7. pretension wedge, 8. pre-loading screw, 9. multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack, 10. multi-load flexible hinge, 11. revolute pairs, 12. taper roll bearings, 13. revolute pair nuts, 14. rotation axiss, 15. stationary platforms, 16. high temperature resistant heat insulations are cotton, 17. stretching flexible hinges, 18. flat shims, 19. expansion bolts, 20. hinge support framves, 21. lower clamp flanges, 22. outer water cooling tubes, 23. lower clamp bodies, 24. silicon nitride heating sheets, 25. test specimens, clamp body on 26., 27. three-dimensional force transducers, 28. sensor flange mounting screws, 29. stretching packaged type piezoelectric stacks, 30. cooled plate, 31. thermal insulation boards, 32. heat-conducting plates.
Embodiment
Detailed content of the present utility model and embodiment thereof is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress of the present utility model, comprises piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit, high temperature loads and water cooling unit, piezoelectric type tensile loads unit, detecting unit and support unit.Multi-load flexible hinge 10 wherein in piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit is integrated with the revolute pair 11 in support unit is real, and spherical pair mobile terminal 6 keeps sphere-contact with the spherical concave surface of the spherical pair fixed support 3 in support unit and spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4.High temperature load and the lower clamp body 23 of silicon nitride heating sheet 24 installation by adhering in piezoelectric type tensile loads unit in water cooling unit and upper clamp body 26 rectangle draw-in groove in.Hinge support frame 20 in piezoelectric type tensile loads unit is threaded connection mode and is connected with stationary platform 15 maintaining rigidness in support unit.Detecting unit is three-dimensional force transducer 27, and it is rigidly connected respectively by the upper clamp body 26 in the sensor flange 1 in thread connecting mode and support unit and piezoelectric type tensile loads unit.
Described piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit comprises three spherical pair mobile terminals 6 and three multi-load piezoelectric actuators, each multi-load piezoelectric actuator is made up of pretension wedge 7, pre-loading screw 8, multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and multi-load flexible hinge 10, and cylindrical multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 has output displacement self-checking function.Multi-load piezoelectric actuator is equilateral triangle topology installation form.Described high temperature loads and water cooling unit comprises outer water cooling tube 22, silicon nitride heating sheet 24, cooled plate 30, thermal insulation board 31 and heat-conducting plate 32.Wherein cooled plate 30, thermal insulation board 31 and heat-conducting plate 32 are fixedly mounted in clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23, and silicon nitride heating sheet 24 installation by adhering, in the rectangle draw-in groove of two clamp bodies, can carry out uniform high-temperature heating to test specimen 25.Described piezoelectric type tensile loads unit comprises stretching piezoelectric actuator, high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton 16, flat shim 18, expansion bolt 19, hinge support frame 20, lower clamp flange 21, lower clamp body 23, test specimen 25 and upper clamp body 26.Wherein stretching piezoelectric actuator is made up of stretch flexible hinge 17 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29.Stretching piezoelectric actuator, lower clamp flange 21, lower clamp body 23 and upper clamp body 26 adopt tandem mounting means, and it installs the geometirc symmetry axis line that axis is the utility model in the vertical direction.Described detecting unit comprises sensor flange 1, three-dimensional force transducer 27 and sensor flange mounting screw 28.The toppling of mobile platform 2 moves through three-dimensional force transducer 27 and upper clamp body 26 is passed to test specimen 25, and three-dimensional force transducer 27 is for detecting stretching suffered by test specimen 25 and bending load.Described support unit comprises spherical pair movable part and revolute pair fixed part, wherein spherical pair movable part is made up of mobile platform 2, spherical pair fixed support 3, spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4 and spherical pair trip bolt 5, and revolute pair fixed part is made up of taper roll bearing 12, revolute pair nut 13, rotation axis 14 and stationary platform 15.The spherical pair consisted of spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4, spherical pair trip bolt 5 and spherical pair mobile terminal 6 can realize the three-degree-of-freedom motion of mobile platform 2.
Described compound stress is the stretching-bending compound stress realized based on 3-freedom parallel mechanism.Three multi-load piezoelectric actuators are equilateral triangle topology installation form, and its high-frequency alternating exported is displaced through the spherical pair be made up of spherical pair mobile terminal 6, spherical pair fixed support 3 and spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4 and is passed to mobile platform 2.Based on multimodal Timing driver voltage, three multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9 can realize the array configuration of various axial elongation motion, and mobile platform 2 can be driven to realize the motion of Three Degree Of Freedom high-frequency alternating.And then, to be stretched-bend complex loading form by the high frequency that micrometric scale test specimen 25 can realize different mode.
Described silicon nitride heating sheet 24 has different temperature survey strokes, and it is symmetrical is between two installed in the rectangle draw-in groove of clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23.Silicon nitride heating sheet 24 can carry out plug according to the demand of probe temperature and change, and its heat produced conducts on test specimen 25 through upper clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23.When applying the alternating voltage of different amplitude to four silicon nitride heating sheets 24, the heated environment of test specimen 25 is real in having the service temperature field of controllable temperature gradient.Thermal insulation board 31 and heat-conducting plate 32 are all fixedly mounted in clamp body 26 and lower clamp body 23, and its material is respectively high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton and red copper.Water-cycling-media in outer water cooling tube 22 is used for the real-time cooling of thermal insulation board 31, and heat-conducting plate 32 is passed to test specimen 25 for the heat produced by silicon nitride heating sheet 24.
Described stretching piezoelectric actuator can be the prestrain that the testing fatigue of test specimen 25 under compound stress provides the uniaxial tensile load of larger movement travel.The installation axis of stretching piezoelectric actuator is coaxial with the geometirc symmetry axis line of the utility model in the vertical direction.The rigid element of stretching flexible hinge 17 is rigidly connected with hinge support frame 20 by flat shim 18 and expansion bolt 19, its plastic deformation part is processed with regular groove structure, this groove structure can guarantee that stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 bears compressive load, and the Linear Amplifer of constant proportion rate is carried out in the straight-line displacement that can export stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29.Expansion bolt 19 can guarantee that the plastic deformation part of stretching flexible hinge 17 does not rub with hinge support frame 20.
Described high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton 16 is fastenedly connected with the rigid element of multi-load flexible hinge 10, the relative position of three high temperature resistant heat insulation cottons 16 is equilateral triangle topological form, and all install towards test specimen 25, for the direct heat radiation of isolated silicon nitride heating sheet 24 pairs of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9, the impact of hyperthermia radiation on multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 output displacement can be weakened.The sidewall of hinge support frame 20 is processed well-regulated hollow out grid, for the heat radiation of the packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 that stretches.
Described multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 are and stack formula piezoelectric ceramics actuator, have output displacement self-checking function, and the response time is sub-Millisecond.In conjunction with the constant displacement magnification ratio of multi-load flexible hinge 10 and stretching flexible hinge 17 plastic deformation mechanism, the real-time displacement of four piezoelectric actuator output terminal sub-nm resolutions can be obtained respectively.Therefore, the utility model can detect the output displacement of piezoelectric actuator without the need to configuring other elements.In addition, the utility model compact, compact conformation, also can use with 3-dimensional digital speckle Image-forming instrument compatibility, detect in real time test specimen 25 in the strain under Action of Combined Loads that stretches-bend.
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the utility model relates to micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under a kind of compound stress, it is 153 mm × 135, mm × 146 mm that the overall dimensions of proving installation is about size of main body, the components and parts related in the utility model and concrete model are: the model of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 is PST-1000/10/100 VS18, rigidity is 75 N/ μm, resonance frequency is 27 kHz, and maximum load is 5000 N, and nominal displacement is 55 μm.The model of stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 is PST-1000/35/7 VS45, and rigidity is 4000 N/ μm, and resonance frequency is 37 kHz, and maximum load is 70000 N, and nominal displacement is 12 μm.Three-dimensional force transducer 27 is customization elements, and the dynamometry stroke in x, y, z three directions is respectively 20 N, 20 N and 40 N.Pretension wedge 7 has the key groove of 15 °, can realize the Self-locking of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9, and maximum pretightning force can to 462.4 N.It is 1.8 that stretching flexible hinge 17 can realize the displacement equations ratio of stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29.Silicon nitride heating sheet 23 model is that ZK-DHG possesses that heating-up temperature is high reaches as high as 1500 DEG C and long working life higher than the advantages such as 5000 hours.This heating plate selects high-performance silicon nitride ceramics to be carrier and embedded import tungsten filament is pyrotoxin, through techniques such as compression molding, High Temperature High Pressure sintering and surface working process, not only as the insulator of high-quality but also as good heat conductor.Cotton 16 models of high temperature resistant heat insulation are the feature that KWHT has low heat conductivity and low heat capacity.Pretension wedge 7, stretching flexible hinge 17, hinge support frame 20 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 all adopt Linear cut mode to process, and locating surface and the surface of contact of sensor flange 1, mobile platform 2, spherical pair fixed support 3, spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4 and stationary platform 15 all do polishing planarization.Wherein, the processing of spherical pair fixed support 3, spherical pair travel(l)ing rest 4 spherical groove is divided into two operations, is respectively accurate digital control boring processing and fast tool servo processing.The bulb of front end, spherical pair mobile terminal 6 adopts ultraprecise numerical control workshop.
Multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 are and stack formula piezoelectric ceramics actuator, there is output displacement self-checking function, before test, adopting LK-G100 type laser micrometer to measure stroke is 1mm, resolution is 0.01 μm and detects the actual displacement of flexible hinge output terminal under continuous drive voltage, and with stack the displacement that formula piezoelectric ceramics actuator exports analog voltage signal corresponding and contrast.After tested, when given crest voltage, the output displacement of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 is respectively 53 μm and 12.6 μm, loads resolution and is better than 20nm.The utility model can adopt the three dimensional strain of digital speckle technology to test specimen 25 to detect in real time.The 3-dimensional digital speckle dynamic strain measurement analytic system adopted in test is a kind of optical non-contact measuring system, adopt Digital Image Correlation Method DICDigital Image Correlation, in conjunction with technique of binocular stereoscopic vision, adopt two high-speed cameras, the speckle image of each deformation stage of Real-time Collection object, can calculate whole audience strain.Before concrete test, test specimen 25 needs to do surface spraying process, and the strain testing precision of 3-dimensional digital speckle depends on the diameter dimension of grain sprayed on surface.In test process, the driving voltage amplitude upper limit of given multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 is 140V, the driving frequency upper limit is 150Hz, the drive voltage signal applied is constant frequency or frequency-swept sine wave, with the inertia impact avoiding square wave or sawtooth wave to cause in commutation process.Before carrying out testing fatigue, linear cutter can be adopted to go out the outline of test specimen 25 and prepare the microdefect with stress weakness zone, the methods such as press-in test also can be adopted to manufacture experimently out the microdefect with specific morphology on test specimen 25 surface.In concrete test process, first two groups of input electrode docking of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 are discharged, to avoid stacking the weakening of interior charge accumulated to its output displacement.In test process, Art USB-2817 multi-Channel Data Acquisition Card carries out precision collection to the analog voltage signal that three-dimensional force transducer 27 exports.
The retained part of test specimen 25, when reality uses, is first mounted in the wedge-shaped impression of lower clamp body 23 and upper clamp body 26 by the utility model, to guarantee the initial centering of just extension test.Open fluid media (medium) operation valve afterwards, logical low-temperature cooling water in outer water cooling tube 22, the alternating voltage that highest amplitude is 220V is applied to four groups of silicon nitride heating sheets 24, when applying the alternating voltage of different amplitude to four silicon nitride heating sheets 24, the heated environment of test specimen 25 is real in having the service temperature field of controllable temperature gradient, because the intensification of silicon nitride heating sheet 24 is namely fast, the temperature field of structure can reach temperature stable state within half a minute.After completing test specimen clamping and temperature applying, by the given specific frequency of AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator) and waveform signal, by power amplifier, the voltage signal of output is acted on multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29 two arrays of electrodes.Stretching piezoelectric actuator can be the prestrain that test specimen 25 provides the uniaxial tensile load of larger movement travel, can apply the DC voltage of 120V in test to stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack 29.According to the loading under test specimen 25 actual condition, the alternating sinusoidal voltage of different amplitude can be applied to three multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9, but it is consistent to execute alive frequency need, make it export the alternating displacement of different amplitude.As applied that amplitude is 50V, frequency is the alternating voltage of 100Hz by a multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack 9 wherein, apply to another two the multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks 9 of offside that amplitude is 100V, frequency is the alternating voltage of 100Hz, can realize with-bending combined load the testing fatigue that frequently stretches.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All the utility model is done any amendment, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under a compound stress, it is characterized in that: comprise piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit, high temperature loads and water cooling unit, piezoelectric type tensile loads unit, detecting unit and support unit, multi-load flexible hinge (10) wherein in piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit is integrated with the revolute pair (11) in support unit, and spherical pair mobile terminal (6) keep sphere-contact with the spherical concave surface of the spherical pair fixed support (3) in support unit and spherical pair travel(l)ing rest (4); High temperature load and the lower clamp body (23) of silicon nitride heating sheet (24) installation by adhering in piezoelectric type tensile loads unit in water cooling unit and upper clamp body (26) rectangle draw-in groove in, the stationary platform (15) that the hinge support frame (20) in piezoelectric type tensile loads unit is threaded connection in mode and support unit is rigidly connected; Detecting unit is three-dimensional force transducer (27), and it is rigidly connected respectively by the sensor flange (1) in thread connecting mode and support unit and the upper clamp body (26) in piezoelectric type tensile loads unit;
Described piezoelectric type Three Degree Of Freedom loading unit comprises three spherical pair mobile terminals (6) and three multi-load piezoelectric actuators, each multi-load piezoelectric actuator is made up of pretension wedge (7), pre-loading screw (8), multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack (9) and multi-load flexible hinge (10), and cylindrical multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack (9) has output displacement self-checking function;
Described high temperature loads and water cooling unit comprises outer water cooling tube (22), silicon nitride heating sheet (24), cooled plate (30), thermal insulation board (31) and heat-conducting plate (32), wherein cooled plate (30), thermal insulation board (31) and heat-conducting plate (32) are fixedly mounted in clamp body (26) and lower clamp body (23), silicon nitride heating sheet (24) installation by adhering, in the rectangle draw-in groove of two clamp bodies, carries out uniform high-temperature heating to test specimen (25);
Described piezoelectric type tensile loads unit comprises stretching piezoelectric actuator, high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton (16), flat shim (18), expansion bolt (19), hinge support frame (20), lower clamp flange (21), lower clamp body (23), test specimen (25) and upper clamp body (26), wherein stretching piezoelectric actuator is made up of the flexible hinge that stretches (17) and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack (29), stretching piezoelectric actuator, lower clamp flange (21), lower clamp body (23) and upper clamp body (26) adopt tandem mounting means, it installs the geometirc symmetry axis line that axis is vertical direction,
Described detecting unit comprises sensor flange (1), three-dimensional force transducer (27) and sensor flange mounting screw (28), the toppling of mobile platform (2) moves through three-dimensional force transducer (27) and upper clamp body (26) is passed to test specimen (25), and three-dimensional force transducer (27) is for detecting stretching suffered by test specimen (25) and bending load;
Described support unit comprises spherical pair movable part and revolute pair fixed part, wherein spherical pair movable part is made up of mobile platform (2), spherical pair fixed support (3), spherical pair travel(l)ing rest (4) and spherical pair trip bolt (5), revolute pair fixed part is made up of taper roll bearing (12), revolute pair nut (13), rotation axis (14) and stationary platform (15), and the spherical pair consisted of spherical pair travel(l)ing rest (4), spherical pair trip bolt (5) and spherical pair mobile terminal (6) realizes the three-degree-of-freedom motion of mobile platform (2).
2. micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: three described multi-load piezoelectric actuators are equilateral triangle topology installation form, its high-frequency alternating exported is displaced through by spherical pair mobile terminal (6), the spherical pair that spherical pair fixed support (3) and spherical pair travel(l)ing rest (4) form is passed to mobile platform (2), based on multimodal Timing driver voltage, three multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stacks (9) realize the array configuration of various axial elongation motion, namely mobile platform (2) is driven to realize the motion of Three Degree Of Freedom high-frequency alternating, and then, to be stretched-bend complex loading form by the high frequency that micrometric scale test specimen (25) realizes different mode.
3. micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described silicon nitride heating sheet (24) has different temperature survey strokes, its between two symmetry be installed in the rectangle draw-in groove of clamp body (26) and lower clamp body (23), silicon nitride heating sheet (24) carries out plug according to the demand of probe temperature and changes, and its heat produced conducts on test specimen (25) through upper clamp body (26) and lower clamp body (23); When applying the alternating voltage of different amplitude to four silicon nitride heating sheets (24), the heated environment of test specimen (25) is real in having the service temperature field of controllable temperature gradient; Thermal insulation board (31) and heat-conducting plate (32) are all fixedly mounted in clamp body (26) and lower clamp body (23), and its material is respectively high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton and red copper; Water-cycling-media in outer water cooling tube (22) is used for the real-time cooling of thermal insulation board (31), and heat-conducting plate (32) is passed to test specimen (25) for the heat produced by silicon nitride heating sheet (24).
4. micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rigid element of described stretching flexible hinge (17) is rigidly connected with hinge support frame (20) by flat shim (18) and expansion bolt (19), its plastic deformation part is processed with regular groove structure, this groove structure guarantees that stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack (29) bears compressive load, and carries out the Linear Amplifer of constant proportion rate to the straight-line displacement that stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack (29) exports; Expansion bolt (19) guarantees that the plastic deformation part of stretching flexible hinge (17) does not rub with hinge support frame (20).
5. micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high temperature resistant heat insulation cotton (16) is fastenedly connected with the rigid element of multi-load flexible hinge (10), the relative position of three high temperature resistant heat insulation cottons (16) is equilateral triangle topological form, and all install towards test specimen (25), for the direct heat radiation of isolated silicon nitride heating sheet (24) to multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack (9), weaken hyperthermia radiation to the impact of multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack (9) output displacement; The sidewall of hinge support frame (20) processes well-regulated hollow out grid, for the heat radiation of packaged type piezoelectric stack (29) that stretch.
6. micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device under compound stress according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multi-load packaged type piezoelectric stack (9) and stretching packaged type piezoelectric stack (29) are and stack formula piezoelectric ceramics actuator, have output displacement self-checking function, the response time is sub-Millisecond; In conjunction with the constant displacement magnification ratio of multi-load flexible hinge (10) and stretching flexible hinge (17) plastic deformation mechanism, obtain the real-time displacement of four piezoelectric actuator output terminal sub-nm resolutions respectively.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104677746A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Testing device and testing method for high-temperature fatigue property of microelement under compound stress |
| CN105588749A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-18 | 福州大学 | Device for simulating elastic material test based on photoelastic meter and method thereof |
| CN108956268A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-12-07 | 西北工业大学 | stretching device |
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2015
- 2015-02-02 CN CN201520070031.4U patent/CN204536132U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
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| CN104677746A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Testing device and testing method for high-temperature fatigue property of microelement under compound stress |
| CN104677746B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-06-13 | 吉林大学 | Micro structures fatigue at high temperature performance testing device and method under combined stress |
| CN105588749A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-18 | 福州大学 | Device for simulating elastic material test based on photoelastic meter and method thereof |
| CN105588749B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 福州大学 | A kind of devices and methods therefor for simulating elastic testing of materials test based on photo-elastic instrument |
| CN108956268A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-12-07 | 西北工业大学 | stretching device |
| CN112259354A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2021-01-22 | 天津康利特变机电科技有限责任公司 | Transformer core closed assembly roll-over table |
| CN112259354B (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2024-04-16 | 天津康利特变机电科技有限责任公司 | Transformer core stack overturning platform |
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