CN204405523U - A kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment - Google Patents
A kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN204405523U CN204405523U CN201520135462.4U CN201520135462U CN204405523U CN 204405523 U CN204405523 U CN 204405523U CN 201520135462 U CN201520135462 U CN 201520135462U CN 204405523 U CN204405523 U CN 204405523U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment, it comprises crop canopies information measurement module, mobile terminal, remote server; Remote server has fixed ip address, for the measurement data of mobile terminal receive by GPRS transmission; Crop canopies information measurement module is by microcontroller, sun light intensity detector, and canopy reflection light detector, lithium battery source module and bluetooth module form; Microcontroller comprises the serial communication interface of two IIC interfaces, six Simulation with I/O interfaces, a digital I/O interface, a connection bluetooth module; Microcontroller is connected by a digital I/O interface and is controlled lithium battery source module.The utility model can fast, nondestructive measurement crop plant nitrogen concentration, biomass, nitrogen nutrition index information, provide measurement point longitude and latitude, crop nitrogen nutrition lacks grade and fertilizer recommendations, for the accurate N-fertilizer management of crop, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce environmental pollution, significant.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of nutrient diagnosis instrument, particularly relates to a kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment; Belong to remote sensing of vegetation technical field of measurement and test.
Background technology
Nitrogen is the necessary important nutrient of crop growth.For ensureing output, peasant often applies excessive nitrogenous fertilizer to field; Nitrogenous fertilizer lavishment, not only reduces peasant income, and can cause environmental pollution.Therefore, obtain crop nitrogen nutrition situation in the urgent need to quick, harmless, according to the nitrogenous fertilizer demand of crop self, precisely quantitative applied nitrogen.
The instrument tested fast about crop nitrogen nutrition state at present can be divided into two classes substantially: a class realizes by measuring transmitted light; Another kind of by measure reflected light realize.For front a kind of instrument, during measurement, blade clamped by instrument, a surface launching incident light, and another side receives the light through blade, and judge crop nitrogen nutrition situation according to the absorption of chlorophyll to light, pertinent instruments has SPAD etc.This quasi-instrument due to its measure to as if certain position of single blade, whole blade be reflected in this position can, and can determined blade reflect whole canopy? often denounced.If measure multiple blade, multiple plant is averaging, add workload undoubtedly, run counter to the object of Fast Measurement.For rear a kind of instrument measuring reflected light, during measurement, sensor is placed in above canopy, calculates special spectrum index by the reflectivity information obtaining some wavelength light, utilize spectrum index to realize the judgement of crop nitrogen nutrition situation.Normalized differential vegetation index (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) is usually used to design this quasi-instrument, as Geekseeker etc.The advantage of this quasi-instrument be its measure to as if crop canopies, the growing way situation of certain area crops entirety can be reflected fast.But NDVI class spectrum index, based on the design of NDVI class spectrum index, is directly associated with crop nitrogen nutrition level by existing instrument.On the one hand, what this kind of spectrum index was measured is the green degree of crop, cause the green degree change of crop because have a lot (such as: thickness of sowing, Soil Moisture, soil nutrient condition etc.), whether caused by nitrogen shortage and be difficult to determine; On the other hand, NDVI is easy " saturated " under middle and high vegetation density conditions, and measuring accuracy can be affected greatly.Therefore, need to design new crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment to overcome above defect.
The theory of crop nitrogen nutrition test is carried out based on the critical hammer count curve that utilizes that agronomist proposes in recent years, the utility model designs the spectrum index of new test crop plant nitrogen concentration and the spectrum index of new test organisms amount, coupling critical hammer count curve, realize the estimation of crop nitrogen nutrition index, and to wane grading standard and corresponding rate of fertilizer application based on nitrogen nutrition index design nitrogen nutrition, final structure realizes the instrument product of this process.
Utility model content
In order to the weak point in solving the problem, the utility model provides a kind of portable crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment, to realize the accurate detection to crop nitrogen nutrition state.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment, and it comprises crop canopies information measurement module, mobile terminal, remote server; Remote server has fixed ip address, for the measurement data of mobile terminal receive by GPRS transmission;
Crop canopies information measurement module is by microcontroller, sun light intensity detector, and canopy reflection light detector, lithium battery source module and bluetooth module form;
Microcontroller comprises the serial communication interface of two IIC interfaces, six Simulation with I/O interfaces, a digital I/O interface, a connection bluetooth module; Microcontroller is connected by digital I/O interface and controls lithium battery source module;
Sun light intensity detector comprises cosine correcting sheet, six sun light intensity detector optical filters and six light number sensors; Cosine correcting sheet is positioned at the upper end of sun light intensity detector optical filter; Six optical filter close-packed arrays with different centre wavelength are in a row; Light number sensor is positioned at the below of optical filter; Light number sensor is all connected on two IIC interfaces of microcontroller by IIC interface.Above-mentioned cosine correcting sheet, optical filter and light number detector are fixed by sun light intensity sensor assembly;
Canopy reflection light detector comprises six Fresnel Lenses, six canopy reflection light detector optical filter and six silicon detectors with different centre wavelength; Canopy reflection light detector optical filter is positioned at the below of Fresnel Lenses; Silicon detector is all installed on the focus place of six Fresnel Lenses; Above-mentioned Fresnel Lenses, optical filter and silicon detector are fixed by canopy reflection light detector assembly; Silicon detector is all connected on the Simulation with I/O interface of microcontroller by Simulation with I/O interface;
Mobile terminal comprises bluetooth module, GPRS module and core board, and mobile terminal obtains the information of crop canopies information measurement module by bluetooth module, after core board process, is sent to remote server by GPRS module.
The utility model can fast, nondestructive measurement crop plant nitrogen concentration, biomass, nitrogen nutrition index information, provide measurement point longitude and latitude, crop nitrogen nutrition lacks grade, and fertilizer recommendations, for the accurate N-fertilizer management of crop, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce environmental pollution, significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system of the present utility model composition structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the FB(flow block) of fast diagnosis method of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of operational system of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the utility model, but are not used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
The utility model comprises:
Crop canopies information measurement module: with the intensity reflectance information of fixed time interval Real-time Collection crop canopies 6 characteristic wave bands (centre wavelength is respectively 550,680,700,720,730,750nm), and exported in real time by bluetooth;
Mobile terminal: there is bluetooth and remote radio communication interface, run nutrition test procedure, intensity reflectance information by blue tooth interface real-time reception crop canopies information measurement module is gone forward side by side row relax, there is display, store and long range radio transmissions function, this mobile terminal special is the mobile phone or the panel computer that run Android operation system, there is bluetooth and GPRS communication function, mobile terminal can open remote data service, by GPRS real-time Transmission measurement data, this measurement data comprises time, latitude and longitude information, relevant nitrogen nutrition information;
Remote server: with communication of mobile terminal, can receive the measurement data of remote mobile terminal, and complete aobvious not, store; Remote server has fixed ip address, can mobile terminal receive by the measurement data of GPRS transmission;
Wherein, crop canopies information measurement module is by microcontroller 1, sun light intensity detector, and canopy reflection light detector, lithium battery source module 2 and bluetooth module form;
Microcontroller 1 comprises the serial communication interface 6 that 12, one, two IIC interfaces, 4, six Simulation with I/O interfaces, 5, digital I/O interface connects bluetooth module 3; Microcontroller 1 is connected by a digital I/O interface 12 and is controlled lithium battery source module 2.
Sun light intensity detector comprises cosine correcting sheet 7, six sun light intensity detector optical filters 8 and six light number sensors 9; Cosine correcting sheet 7 is positioned at the upper end of sun light intensity detector optical filter 8; Six optical filter close-packed arrays with different centre wavelength become 2 rows; Light number sensor is positioned at the below of optical filter; Light number sensor is all connected on two IIC interfaces of microcontroller by IIC interface.Above-mentioned cosine correcting sheet, optical filter and light number detector are fixed by sun light intensity sensor assembly.
Canopy reflection light detector comprises canopy reflection light detector optical filter 8 and six silicon detectors 11 that six Fresnel Lenses 10, six have different centre wavelength; Canopy reflection light detector optical filter 8 is positioned at the below of Fresnel Lenses 10; Silicon detector 11 is all installed on the focus place of six Fresnel Lenses 10; Above-mentioned Fresnel Lenses, optical filter and silicon detector are fixed by canopy reflection light detector assembly; Silicon detector 11 is all connected on the Simulation with I/O interface of microcontroller by Simulation with I/O interface;
Mobile terminal comprises bluetooth module, GPRS module and core board, and mobile terminal obtains the information of crop canopies information measurement module by bluetooth module, after core board process, is sent to remote server by GPRS module.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, diagnostic method of the present utility model, its step is as follows:
1, utilize 550nm, 680nm, 700nm, 720nm that crop canopies information measurement module measures, 750nm wave band reflectivity calculates spectrum index NCI1 and NCI2, estimation crop plant nitrogen concentration N, computing formula is formula 1-formula 3;
550nm, 680nm, 700nm, 730nm, 750nm wave band reflectivity utilizing crop canopies information measurement module to measure calculates BI, and estimation crop canopies biomass B, computing formula is formula 4-formula 5.
2, according to the biomass B of estimation, crop critical hammer count when measuring in conjunction with the calculating of critical hammer count curve;
3, according to the actual nitrogen concentration of crop of the crop critical hammer count in step 2 and estimation, nitrogen nutrition index is calculated;
4, according to the nitrogen nutrition state demarcation standard (as table 1) based on nitrogen nutrition index of design, in conjunction with the nitrogen nutrition index of estimation, crop nitrogen nutrition state is analyzed;
5, according to crop nitrogen nutrition state and breeding time, suggestion rate of fertilizer application (at present, being limited to wheat, corn two kinds of crops) is provided.
NCI1＝(R
720-R
700)/(R
700-R
680)/(R
720-R
680+0.03) 1
NCI2＝[(R
700-R
680-0.2(R
700-R
550))(R
700/R
680)]/[1.5(1.2(R
750-R
550)-2.5(R
680-R
550))/sqrt((2R
750+1)
2-(6R
750-5sqrt(R
680))-0.5)] 2
N＝0.5f
1(NCI1)+0.5f
2(NCI2) 3
BI＝(100(R
750-R
730)-10(R
750-R
550))sqrt(R
700/R
680) 4
B＝f
3((BI) 5
R
irepresent the reflectivity at i wave band; f
1represent the model based on spectrum index NCI1 inverting plant nitrogen concentration; f
2represent the model based on spectrum index NCI2 inverting plant nitrogen concentration; f
3represent the model based on spectrum index BI inverting biomass;
Table 1 crop nitrogen nutrition state demarcation standard
As shown in Figure 1, crop canopies information measurement unit, with fixed time interval Real-time Collection crop canopies, at 6 characteristic wave bands, (centre wavelength is respectively 550,680,700,720,730,750nm) reflectivity information, and output to receiving end in real time by bluetooth.
As shown in Figure 3, operational system is arranged on receiving end, user successively can be guided to carry out relevant parameter design, complete mensuration and the display of data.After start, user can select to enter data measurement module and still enter data transmission module.If selection data transmission module, receiving end will be connected with server, and data are transferred to server.If selection measurement module, provide the selection of user's Different Crop type (comprising wheat, corn, other crop), user selects specific crop, enters next step and arranges.Next step is for setting the rating model of plant nitrogen concentration, the rating model of biomass and critical hammer count curve model, and user can set gradually.For the assay method of plant nitrogen concentration, biomass, provide default models and user model two kinds selection.If selection default models, then the model (model that applicant obtains through lot of experiments) stored according to instrument itself calculates; If selection user model, then provide linear, four kinds of models such as index, power function, logarithmic model, design oneself model and parameter for user.For critical hammer count curve model, provide default models and user model two kinds selection equally.If selection default models, then the model (model that applicant obtains through lot of experiments) stored according to instrument itself calculates; If the user model of choosing, then power function model (research shows that biomass is power function relationship with corresponding critical hammer count) is provided, supplies user to set corresponding parameter.After various model specification is good, instrument enters standby measuring phases, by the measurement button of keypad, start and measure, result is present condition is measurement point latitude and longitude information, Measuring Time, plant nitrogen concentration data, biomass data, nitrogen nutrition index data, nitrogen nutrition status information, suggestion rate of fertilizer application (at present only for wheat, corn).
The nitrogen nutrition index value analysis that the utility model can calculate based on model provides crop nitrogen nutrition and lacks grade, and can provide with reference to fertilising strategy:
Instrument can utilize plant nitrogen concentration, the biomass information of the isoinversion of formula 1-formula 5, based on the Different Crop critical hammer count curve such as acquiescence corn, wheat of storage or the critical hammer count curve of user's designed, designed, calculate nitrogen nutrition index, and according to the standard that applicant determines through lot of experiments, crop nitrogen nutrition state is expressed as different grades, and provides fertilizer recommendations.
Claims (1)
1. a crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment, is characterized in that: it comprises crop canopies information measurement module, mobile terminal, remote server; Remote server has fixed ip address, for the measurement data of mobile terminal receive by GPRS transmission;
Described crop canopies information measurement module is by microcontroller (1), sun light intensity detector, and canopy reflection light detector, lithium battery source module (2) and bluetooth module form;
Described microcontroller (1) comprises the serial communication interface (6) of two IIC interfaces (4), six Simulation with I/O interfaces (5), a digital I/O interface (12), connection bluetooth module (3); Microcontroller (1) is connected by digital I/O interface (12) and controls lithium battery source module (2);
Described sun light intensity detector comprises cosine correcting sheet (7), six sun light intensity detector optical filters (8) and six light number sensors (9); Cosine correcting sheet (7) is positioned at the upper end of sun light intensity detector optical filter (8); Six optical filter close-packed arrays with different centre wavelength become 2 rows; Light number sensor is positioned at the below of optical filter; Light number sensor is all connected on two IIC interfaces of microcontroller by IIC interface; Above-mentioned cosine correcting sheet, optical filter and light number detector are fixed by sun light intensity sensor assembly;
Described canopy reflection light detector comprises six Fresnel Lenses (10), six canopy reflection light detector optical filter (8) and six silicon detectors (11) with different centre wavelength; Canopy reflection light detector optical filter (8) is positioned at the below of Fresnel Lenses (10); Silicon detector (11) is all installed on the focus place of six Fresnel Lenses (10); Above-mentioned Fresnel Lenses, optical filter and silicon detector are fixed by canopy reflection light detector assembly; Silicon detector (11) is all connected on the Simulation with I/O interface of microcontroller by Simulation with I/O interface;
Described mobile terminal comprises bluetooth module, GPRS module, GPS module and core board, mobile terminal obtains the information of crop canopies information measurement module by bluetooth module, after core board process, remote server can be sent to together with time and positional information by GPRS module.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520135462.4U CN204405523U (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2015-03-11 | A kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520135462.4U CN204405523U (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2015-03-11 | A kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204405523U true CN204405523U (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104849219A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Crops nitrogen element nutrition diagnostic equipment and method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-03-11 CN CN201520135462.4U patent/CN204405523U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104849219A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Crops nitrogen element nutrition diagnostic equipment and method thereof |
| CN104849219B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A kind of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnostic equipment and method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20150617 Effective date of abandoning: 20170926 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20150617 Effective date of abandoning: 20170926 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |