CN202939121U - Comprehensive collecting and processing system based on optical characteristics of water body - Google Patents
Comprehensive collecting and processing system based on optical characteristics of water body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a comprehensive collecting and processing system based on the optical characteristics of the water body. The comprehensive collecting and processing system comprises a data module and a processing module, wherein the data module is used for storing file data of a management system, the processing module is used for taking the file data of the data module and feedback the file data to the data module. Initial data is stored in the data module, the processing module is used for automatic taking treatment, and the data processing efficiency is improved while the accuracy of the system is improved. Moreover, the system further comprises an acquisition module for optical data of water body, and the acquisition module is connected with the data module. Therefore, the data acquired by the acquisition module is transferred to the data module directly, and further, the accuracy of the system is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the water quality monitoring technical field, relates in particular to a kind of synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics.
Background technology
Water quality monitoring is the Main Basis of water quality assessment and water prevention and cure of pollution, day by day serious along with water pollution problem, and water quality monitoring becomes the significant problem that Sustainable Socioeconomic Development must solve.Therefore, fast water quality monitoring accurately just seems particularly important.The appearance of remote sensing technology and development provide new opportunity and selection for the monitoring and evaluation of water quality.Water environment remote sensing is take remote sensing technology as support, and the spectral signature that forms by analyzing water body reflection, absorption and diffusesolarradiation energy and the relation between water quality parameter concentration set up that the water quality parameter inversion algorithm realizes.Utilize satellite remote sensing information to carry out space distribution and the dynamic quantitative test of the important polluter of water body in the large tracts of land scope, can make up to a certain extent routine sampling and observe defective and the difficulty that the time-space span is large and waste time and energy, can reflect distribution and the situation of change of water quality on room and time, find pollution source and pollutant migration feature that some conventional methods are difficult to disclose, have the advantage that monitoring range is wide, speed is fast, cost is low and be convenient to carry out the long-term dynamics monitoring.Therefore, use remote sensing technology and carry out the research of water quality mechanism, and then study reasonable utilization and the protection of water resource, caused the growing interest of various countries, become one of the study hotspot of the current world, domestic remote sensing circle and difficult point.
research to water body changes in optical properties rule is the prerequisite of Remote Sensing Techniques in Determining Water Quality, at present, existing a large amount of instrument and equipment can be used for the individual event of water body optical parametric or the collection of many index, as utilize the ASD field spectrum radiation gauge of the U.S., Observable obtains the water-reflected radiation information, the Trios Underwater Optical spectrometer Observable that utilizes Germany to produce obtains irradiance and the spoke monochrome information of water body different depth, utilize AC-S water body absorption/attenuation meter Observable produced in USA to obtain the absorption coefficient of water body, attenuation coefficient and scattering coefficient, utilize BB9 water body back scattering measuring instrument Observable produced in USA to obtain Backscattering Coefficients in Different Water Bodies, utilize the absorption coefficient of the different water body components of Shimadzu UV2501PC ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer Observable of Japan's production, along with continuing to increase that China's scientific research drops into, at present, the domestic scientific research institutions that have such instrument and equipment, institution of higher learning etc. also constantly increase, as remote sensing institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, national marine research institute, institute of oceanography, the South Sea, Nanjing geography and research of lakes institute, Wuhan University, East China Normal University, Nanjing University, many the units such as Yancheng Teachers College have all had such measuring equipment, but, due to distinct device by different manufacturers production, its spectral resolution, response functions etc. have very big difference, and the data that instrument is directly measured often need could deposit in the wave spectrum database as the spectrum with optical significance after processing and changing.Because the specific aim of these data is stronger, and be subjected to the impact of instrument excessive, almost do not have specialty, general software systems to process its measured data at present.After the researcher usually uses software that instrument carries pre-service converts the spectral signal with optical significance to measured signal, process in conjunction with carry out data as mathematical statistics softwares such as SPSS, EXCEL.Part Study person needs for self, developed for the algorithm of a certain instrument data, a certain water quality parameter etc. and be only applicable to certain research, the functional module that needs of certain flow chart of data processing even, these functional modules are incompatible separately, architectonical, not most just with single model algorithm computer programing.Therefore, the processing of each instrument and equipment data is separate, is difficult to realize mutual check between data with related, and the efficient that data are processed is low and easily make mistakes, and can't satisfy the processing problem of a large amount of actual measurement optical datas.
The utility model content
In view of this, be necessary to provide a kind of high precision, efficient fast based on the synthetical collection disposal system of water body optical characteristics.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics comprises data module and processing module, the file data of data module storage management system, and processing module is transferred the file data of data module, and the feedback processing result is to data module.
Described system also comprises the acquisition module of water body optical data, acquisition module connection data module.
Described acquisition module comprises spectral radiometer, Underwater Optical spectrometer, water body absorption/attenuation meter, water body back scattering measuring instrument and ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer.
Described spectral radiometer is high spectral radiometer.
Described data module comprises ground-object spectrum radiometer measurement data, Underwater Optical spectrometer measurement data, water body attenuation by absorption measurement data, back scattering measurement data, UV, visible light spectrophotometry data.
Described processing module comprises that water surface spectrum observation data are processed submodule, the spectrum observation data is processed submodule, water body attenuation by absorption and scattering observation data submodule, water body component observation spectrum data are processed submodule under water.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
Synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics described in the utility model, comprise data module and processing module, the file data of data module storage management system, processing module are transferred the file data of data module, and the feedback processing result is to data module.Raw data is stored in data module, automatically transfers processing by processing module, promoted the accuracy rate of system when improving data-handling efficiency.
System described in the utility model also comprises the acquisition module of water body optical data, acquisition module connection data module.So, the data of acquisition module collection are directly passed to data module, and further group has promoted the accuracy rate of system.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of system described in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the utility model data module structured flowchart;
Fig. 3 is the processing flow chart that the utility model water surface spectrum observation data are processed submodule;
Fig. 4 is the processing flow chart of the utility model spectrum observation data processing under water submodule;
Fig. 5 is the processing flow chart of the attenuation by absorption of the utility model water body and scattering observation data submodule;
Fig. 6 is the processing flow chart that the utility model water body component observation spectrum data are processed submodule;
Fig. 7 uses the water body absorption coefficient curve map that the utility model obtains;
Fig. 8 uses the water body remote sensing reflectance spectrum curve map that the utility model obtains.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail:
Embodiment one:
See also Fig. 1, the utility model shown in Figure 2 based on the embodiment of the synthetical collection disposal system of water body optical characteristics, the acquisition module that comprises data module, processing module, water body optical data, the file data of data module storage management system, processing module is transferred the file data of data module, and the feedback processing result is to data module.Acquisition module connection data module.
Described acquisition module comprises spectral radiometer, Underwater Optical spectrometer, water body absorption/attenuation meter, water body back scattering measuring instrument and ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer.This described spectral radiometer is the open-air high spectral radiometer that uses.
Described data module comprises ground-object spectrum radiometer measurement data, Underwater Optical spectrometer measurement data, water body attenuation by absorption measurement data, back scattering measurement data, UV, visible light spectrophotometry data.
Described processing module comprises that water surface spectrum observation data are processed submodule, the spectrum observation data is processed submodule, water body attenuation by absorption and scattering observation data submodule, water body component observation spectrum data are processed submodule under water.
See also Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, employing shown in Figure 6 synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics described in the utility model, comprise the following steps:
S1: utilize spectral radiometer, observation obtains water surface spectroscopic data by experiment, comprises that measured value that instrument faces toward surface measurement and obtain, instrument measure facing to sky the measured value, the instrument that obtain and face the diffuse reflection reference plate that blocks before and after direct sunlight and measure the measured value that obtains;
S2: the data of utilizing S1 to obtain, calculate to derive the total incident irradiance of the water surface, dried up spoke brightness, remote sensing reflectivity R (0-), just be positioned at the following irradiance ratio of the water surface;
S3: utilize the observation of Underwater Optical spectrometer to obtain the up spoke brightness of water surface and the following different depth of water surface, descending irradiance;
S4: the data of utilizing S3 to obtain, spoke brightness that diffuse attenuation coefficient is derived in calculating, normalization is dried up, the following irradiance ratio of water surface and the following remote sensing reflectivity of water surface;
S5: the result of utilizing S3 to calculate, the R (0-) that calculates with S2 checks, and optimizes the parameter r, the Q that determine in S2, reaches the purpose of utilizing water surface spectrum accurately to extract R (0-);
S6: utilize water body attenuation by absorption instrument to measure water body absorption coefficient and attenuation coefficient, and the survey data are carried out temperature, salt correction, and scatter correction;
S7: utilize the back scattering instrument to measure backscattering coefficient, and the signal value that instrument obtains is converted into the parameter value with optical significance, and then calculate the backscattering coefficient of water body particle and the General Logistics Department to scattering coefficient;
S8: utilize the result of calculation of S6, S7, check with the result of S4, optimize the bio-optical model parameter, with accurate mimetic surface remote sensing reflectivity;
S9: the Optical Absorption Characteristics that utilizes the measurement of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer water constituent, comprise suspended particulate substance absorbance, non-algae suspended particulate substance absorbance, chromophoric dissolved organic matter absorbance and chlorophyll a absorbance, and raw data is proofreaied and correct processing;
The data that S10:S9 processes are combined with the data that S8 processes, and utilize famous QAA model, carry out the closed check of optics, optimize the parameter in S9, and output is parameter value more accurately, and final simulation output water surface remote sensing reflectivity.
Need to measure in described S1 and obtain the spectroscopic data that comprises the water surface, sky, diffuse reflection reference plate, blocks the diffuse reflection reference plate after sunshine.
Parameter in described S2 need to be checked through S5 and be optimized.
The data that described S4 and S3 derive are applied to the S5 step, can calculate r value, the Q value of optimization, improve the precision that the remote sensing reflectivity calculates.
Specifically comprise in described S6:
S61: proofread and correct by pure water, derive total absorption, the attenuation coefficient of water body;
S62: by temperature and salt correction, reject temperature and Effects of Salinity;
S63: by scatter correction, reduce the impact of Particle Scattering;
S64: by absorption, the attenuation coefficient that above-mentioned steps is calculated, ask and calculate the water body scattering coefficient.
Specifically comprise in described S7:
S71: utilize two parameters of Scale Factor and Dark Counts, the instrument signal value is scaled volume scattering function;
S72: the data of utilizing S71 to calculate, then in conjunction with the result that S6 calculates, absorb correction, eliminate the particle absorption to the impact of scattering;
S73: utilize the result of calculation of S72, ask calculation particle backscattering coefficient and the General Logistics Department to scattering coefficient.
The result of calculation of described S6, S7 is checked with the result of S4, mimetic surface remote sensing reflectivity, and in required calculation parameter input bio-optical model, by the closed check of optics, the Optimized model parameter improves the precision of simulation.
The concrete steps of described S9 are as follows:
S91: the amplification factor of utilizing the absorbance at 750nm place to carry out absorbance is proofreaied and correct;
S92: according to the volume that filters water sample and the useful area of filter membrane, calculate suspended particulate substance and non-algae suspended particulate substance absorption coefficient;
S93: according to the light path path, calculate the CDOM absorption coefficient;
S94: utilize the absorption coefficient at 750nm place, the CDOM absorption coefficient is carried out scatter correction.
The data that described S9 processes are combined with the data that S8 processes, and utilize famous QAA model, carry out the closed check of optics, optimize the absorption coefficient parameterized model, absorption coefficient, backscattering coefficient after output parameter is proofreaied and correct.
Below in conjunction with testing in Taihu Lake, application of the present utility model is described, the data of 7 sample points have been observed in this experiment altogether.
S1: utilize ASD field spectrum radiation gauge, observation obtains water surface spectroscopic data by experiment, comprises Lsw (measured value that instrument obtains facing to surface measurement), Lsky (instrument is measured the measured value that obtains facing to sky), Lp (instrument faces diffuse reflection reference plate and measures the measured value that obtains);
S2: the data of utilizing S1 to obtain, calculate to derive the total incident irradiance of the water surface (Ed (0+)), dried up spoke brightness Lw, remote sensing reflectivity Rrs, just be positioned at the following irradiance ratio R (0-) of the water surface, wherein, Ed (0+)=Lp* π/p, p are the reflectivity of reference plate.
Lw=Lsw-r*Lsky, r are that gas-water table is to the reflectivity of skylight, r=2.1%-5%.Rrs＝Lw/Ed(0+)
R (0-)=Eu (0-)/Ed (0-), Eu (0-), Ed (0-) be respectively just be positioned at water surface below upwards, irradiance downwards.R (0-) can obtain by following calculating: Eu (0-)=QLu (0-), wherein Q is the optical field distribution parameter, affected by different water bodys, sun angle, observation angle and difference, Q can be calculated by sun altitude, usually change between 1.7-7, Lu (0-) is for just being positioned at the upwards spoke brightness of water surface below, Lu (0-)=(n2/t) Lw, wherein, t is the Fresnel transmission coefficient of gas-water table, usually get t=0.98, n is the refractive index of water, usually gets n=1.34; Ed (0-)=(1-paw) Ed (0+), paw are the irradiance reflectivity on air water surface, and between 0.04-0.06, Ed (0+) is water surface incident irradiance;
S3: utilize the observation of TriOS Underwater Optical spectrometer to obtain the up spoke brightness of water surface and the following different depth of water surface, descending irradiance;
S4: the data of utilizing S3 to obtain, calculate to derive diffuse attenuation coefficient K, normalization is dried up spoke brightness Lwn, the following irradiance ratio R of water surface (0-) and the following remote sensing reflectivity of water surface Rrs (0-).
Wherein, K
d(z)=-[ln (E
d(z
2))-ln (E
d(z
1))]/(z
2-z
1)
S5: the result of utilizing S3 to calculate, the R (0-) that calculates with S2 checks, and optimizes the parameter r that determines in S2, reaches the purpose of utilizing water surface spectrum accurately to extract R (0-);
S6: utilize AC-S attenuation by absorption instrument to measure water body absorption coefficient and attenuation coefficient.Due to the impact of instrument self and water body environment, the data of surveying can not directly estimate water body basic optical amount, must at first carry out temperature, salt correction and scatter correction.Concrete disposal route is as follows:
S61: total absorption, attenuation coefficient calculate.
a
m＝a
t-a
wr
c
m＝c
t-c
wr
In formula, a
mBe the original absorption coefficient of apparatus measures, a
tBe total adsorption coefficient, a
wrBe the absorption coefficient of pure water, c
mBe the original attenuation coefficient of apparatus measures, c
tBe total attenuation coefficient, c
wrAttenuation coefficient for pure water.
S62: temperature and salt correction.
a
mts＝a
m-[Ψ
i*(t-t
r)+Ψ
s*(s-s
r)]
c
mts＝c
m-[Ψ
i*(t-t
r)+Ψ
s*(s-s
r)]
In formula, a
mts, c
mtsBe respectively absorption coefficient and attenuation coefficient after the temperature salt correction, a
m, c
mBe original absorption coefficient and the attenuation coefficient of apparatus measures, ψ
T, ψ
sBe the instrument known parameters.T is observed temperature, t
rBe the instrument reference temperature, s is actual measurement salinity, s
rFor instrument with reference to salinity.
S63: scatter correction.
a
t(λ)-a
w(λ)＝a
mts(λ)-a
mts(λ
ref)
c
t(λ)-c
w(λ)＝c
mts(λ)-c
mts(λ
ref)
Wherein, a
t(λ)-a
w(λ), c
t(λ)-c
w(λ) be respectively absorption coefficient and attenuation coefficient after scatter correction, a
mts, c
mtsBe the absorption coefficient after the temperature salt correction and attenuation coefficient, a
mts(λ
ref), c
mts(λ
ref) be absorption coefficient and the attenuation coefficient at 715nm place after the temperature salt correction.
S64: the calculating of scattering coefficient.
b(λ)＝c(λ)_a(λ)
Wherein, b (λ) is scattering coefficient, and c (λ), a (λ) are attenuation coefficient and absorption coefficient after proofreading and correct in S63.
S7: utilize the BB9 scatterometer to measure backscattering coefficient.Because the original data of obtaining are the signal values that do not possess any optical significance, therefore, must give its optical significance through overcorrect, and then calculate the backscattering coefficient of water body particle and the General Logistics Department to scattering coefficient.Concrete disposal route is as follows:
S71: the calculating of volume scattering function value.The BB9 raw data be scope in the numeral of 0-4120, do not possess any optical significance, therefore, at first must carry out pick up calibration to it, ask for the volume scattering function β (θ, λ) of water body, unit is m-1 sr-1, and wherein θ is angle (117 °), and λ is wavelength.Computing formula is as follows:
β(θ，λ)＝Scale?Factor*(Output-Dark?Counts)
In formula, Output is the original value of instrument output, and Scale Factor and Dark Counts are known quantity, can be provided by manufacturer.
S72: absorb and correct.For each observation station, the volume scattering function value has many groups, asks for to obtain beta_meas after average, and beta_meas is absorbed correction, and correcting method is as follows:
β(λ)＝beta_meas*exp(0.0391a)
In formula, β (λ) is the total volume scattering that absorbs after correcting; Beta_meas is the mean value of many group measurement data; A is the absorption coefficient of specifically measuring sampling point and depth, by obtaining (S63) after the AC-S Data correction.
S73: particle backscattering coefficient and the General Logistics Department are to the calculating of scattering coefficient.The backscattering coefficient bbp (λ) of particulate, unit is m-1, can estimate by microsome scattering value β p (λ) value and an X factor:
bbp(λ)＝2*π*X*βp(λ)
βp(λ)＝β(λ)-βw(λ)
In formula, β w (λ) is the volume scattering value of pure water, X=1.1.
The General Logistics Department is to scattering coefficient bb (λ), and unit is m-1, be defined as particle backscattering coefficient bbp (λ) and pure water back scattering bbw's (λ) and:
bb(λ)＝bbp(λ)+bbw(λ)
S8: utilize the result of calculation of S6, S7, check with the result of S4, optimize the bio-optical model parameter, with accurate mimetic surface remote sensing reflectivity.
S9: utilize ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer UV2501PC to measure the Optical Absorption Characteristics of water constituent, comprise suspended particulate substance absorbance, non-algae suspended particulate substance absorbance, chromophoric dissolved organic matter CDOM absorbance and chlorophyll a absorbance.After obtaining raw data, need carry out a series of correction and process, specific as follows:
S91: the amplification factor of absorbance is proofreaied and correct.
Wherein, OD
sBe the absorbance after proofreading and correct,
It is the absorbance that the absorbance of apparatus measures deducts the 750nm place.
Wherein, a (λ) is the particle absorption coefficient, and V is the volume that is filtered water sample, and S is the useful area that is deposited on the particle on filter membrane.
The calculating of S93:CDOM absorption coefficient.
a(λ′)＝2.303D(λ)/r
In formula, a (λ ') is the uncorrected absorption coefficient of wavelength X (m-1), and D (λ) is absorbance, and r is light path path (m).
The scatter correction of S94:CDOM absorption coefficient.Because filtered fluid may residually have fine particle, may cause scattering, make following scattering effect for this reason and correct:
a(λ)＝a(λ′)-a(750)·λ/750
In formula, a (λ) is the absorption coefficient (m-1) after proofreading and correct for wavelength X, and a (λ ') is the absorption coefficient (m-1) before proofreading and correct.
The data that S9 processes are combined with the data that S8 processes, utilize famous QAA model, carry out the closed check of optics, optimize the parameter in S9, output is parameter value more accurately, and final simulation output water surface remote sensing reflectivity, Fig. 7 is water body absorption coefficient, the remote sensing reflectance spectrum curve that this experiment obtains.
Claims (4)
1. synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics, it is characterized in that: comprise data module and processing module, the file data of data module storage management system, processing module are transferred the file data of data module, and the feedback processing result is to data module.
2. the synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described system also comprises the acquisition module of water body optical data, acquisition module connection data module.
3. the synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described acquisition module comprises spectral radiometer, Underwater Optical spectrometer, water body absorption/attenuation meter, water body back scattering measuring instrument and ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer.
4. the synthetical collection disposal system based on the water body optical characteristics as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described spectral radiometer is high spectral radiometer.
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| CN105043994A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-11-11 | 青岛市光电工程技术研究院 | Non-contact water quality detecting device for surface water |
| CN105784606A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-20 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | Optical property based water quality monitoring system |
| CN105954203A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | Amplifying circuit-based optical property water quality monitoring system |
| CN105954204A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | Radio frequency identification-based optical property water quality monitoring system |
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| CN107451413A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-08 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of water body absorption coefficient bearing calibration and device |
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| CN105043994A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-11-11 | 青岛市光电工程技术研究院 | Non-contact water quality detecting device for surface water |
| CN105784606A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-20 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | Optical property based water quality monitoring system |
| CN105954203A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | Amplifying circuit-based optical property water quality monitoring system |
| CN105954204A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | Radio frequency identification-based optical property water quality monitoring system |
| CN106248601A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2016-12-21 | 南京吉泽信息科技有限公司 | A kind of OLI of utilization data estimation water body overflows the model method of attenuation quotient |
| CN106248601B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2019-02-15 | 南京吉泽信息科技有限公司 | A kind of model method overflowing attenuation coefficient using OLI data estimation water body |
| CN107451413A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-08 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of water body absorption coefficient bearing calibration and device |
| CN107451413B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-04-21 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Water body absorption coefficient correction method and device |
| CN108875806A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-23 | 中南林业科技大学 | False forest fires hot spot method for digging based on space-time data |
| CN110470386A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-19 | 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室发展中心 | A kind of optics buoy applied to water spectral measurement |
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