Circulation stereo compound " land aquaculture " ecological micro-system
Technical field
The utility model relates to aquaculture field, particularly about regulating and controlling water quality and the air purification field of aquaculture.
Background technology
The mankind are engaged in " aquaculture " from sage of the past's model calabash shell serving as a dipper show " breed fish through " writing record the history of existing thousands of years.China is ancient " aquaculture " civilized big country, the cultivation experience of four large Chinese carps worship by countries in the world.Up to now, the area of China's " aquaculture " and output still occupy first place in the world.But, in science and technology cultivation, batch production " land aquaculture ", particularly how to prevent by " regulation and control water quality ", to reduce aquatic organism " ill ", to improve the fish disease prevention and cure field of fishery quality, still await studying further and the rule finding its inherence.
As everyone knows, the key point of " land aquaculture " is: the regulating and controlling water quality of culturing pool water body (comprising to the design of, draining), wherein relates to: the 1. layout of water-in and water-out pipeline; 2. the process of feedwater quality; 3. the activation etc. of water body, water quality modulates the water quality of " fertile, live, refreshing, tender " being suitable for fish life, growth practically.
Shown in figure 3, it is existing factory type enclosed type " land aquaculture " schematic diagram.The land aquaculture mode of this enclosed type is adopted to there is following problems:
1. run funds high, expenditure is large;
2. water body can not the excreta of bottom deposit fish of convection current up and down, particularly water body and the residue of bait feed, and accumulate over a long period and become the hotbed of bacteria breed breeding, impact destroys water quality, and the incidence of disease of cultivation fish can be made to increase;
3. the harmful mud bottom culturing pool or culture pond can not be processed in time;
4. the incidence rate of various fish disease is high, thus medication rate is high, affects the quality and quantity of fish, and the probability of culturing high-quality marketable fish is low;
5. aquaculture cost is high;
6. must consider clean water treatment facility is installed in addition, thus the space of Hui Duozhan plant again;
7. the clean cleaning of culturing pool or culture pond exhausts the people and drains the treasury, and affects productivity ratio.
Utility model content
In view of the key element of above " land aquaculture ", and the life habit of various aquatic animal, existence water layer space, in conjunction with the growth of water plants, necessary condition required for growth and external environment condition, by manual " regulation and control water quality ", " aquatic animals and plants " is depended on for existence, growth, the self-energy of the most basic element " water " of growing is given full play to, thus aquatic animals and plants is mutually relied in the shuttling movement of " water body ", counteract each other, each other " producer and consumer ", make it to be formed scientifically and rationally one comparatively complete, sound microecosystem, the aquatic animal of this cultivation enabling purpose clear and definite and the water plants of cultivation are had a role to play, mutual utilization, mutually promote, its positive energy of mutual performance, healthy in the environment of a microecosystem, cosily grow, grow, finally become the organic commodity of ecology of high-quality, thus serve the healthy living of the mankind.
The utility model follows above principle, proposes the fish culture of a kind of collection, Vegetable produce, optimizing water quality, and economize energy, preserve the ecological environment in novel circulation stereo compound " land aquaculture " the ecological micro-system of one.It comprises:
One-level cultivator and secondary cultivator; Wherein:
One-level cultivator is for cultivating general fish, and secondary cultivator is for cultivating the higher and muciparous fish of body surface of self respiratory system;
One-level cultivator is connected with secondary cultivator, and secondary cultivator is for receiving the draining of one-level cultivator.
Further, described ecological micro-system also comprises three grades of cultivator, for cultivating the higher monoshell mollusk of self respiratory system; Three grades of cultivator are connected with secondary cultivator, and three grades of cultivator are for receiving the draining of secondary cultivator.
Described ecological micro-system also comprises level Four cultivator, takes root in thing for aquaculture water, and described level Four cultivator is placed on the water surface of secondary cultivator.
Described ecological micro-system also comprises Pyatyi cultivator, and for cultivating hydrophilic plant, described Pyatyi cultivator is placed on level Four cultivator.
Further, described ecological micro-system also comprises a cistern and device for purifying potable water, and described cistern is connected with device for purifying potable water with three grades of cultivator respectively, and described device for purifying potable water is connected with one-level cultivator; Described cistern is for receiving the draining of three grades of cultivator, atmospheric precipitation and periphery domestic pollution water, Separation of Solid and Liquid is carried out by using purely natural solidifying agent, and export isolated liquid to device for purifying potable water and carry out purification of water quality, the water filtered through this device for purifying potable water inputs in one-level cultivator again.
Also comprise activated water apparatus in described one-level cultivator, this device comprises: controller, sensor, blooming cylinder, microbubble generator, water inlet, outlet valve; Wherein, sensor for detecting water quality, and is sent to controller, and controller is according to Testing index and then control blooming cylinder, the startup of microbubble generator and stopping, and water inlet, the water inlet of outlet valve, water outlet action; Described blooming cylinder is used for water body release air bullet, and described microbubble generator is used for water body release micro-bubble.
Described ecological micro-system also comprises automatic air interchanger, described one-level, secondary, three grades, level Four and Pyatyi cultivator located therein; This automatic air interchanger comprises: air inlet, air outlet, and air inlet is provided with filter; Described filter is made up of soft material, and this soft material is the mixture of nano level mineral dust and plastic optical fibre; This soft material is for the dust in filtered air, bacterium and harmful chemical.
The utility model possesses following advantage relative to factory's type enclosed type " land aquaculture " of prior art:
1. the water body of culturing pool or culture pond just can be made in several minutes to form convection current, make the water surface and water-bed water quality indifference;
2. incidence of disease probability that is low, culturing high-quality marketable fish is high;
3. cost is very low;
4. the low of operating cost exceeds the imagination;
5. mud is by the continuous shuttling movement of water, makes the residue of the fish excreta in mud and bait become microorganism, so just again for fish provide nutriment, is convenient to the discharge of waste water simultaneously;
6. space is saved;
7. crawl or fishpond need not clean, and availability is high.
To existing factory type enclosed type " land aquaculture " mode be adopted to list as follows with adopting the correction data of the compound land aquaculture mode of circulation stereo of the present utility model now:
1, energy ezpenditure and fund pay contrast table:
2, the comparing (for 8 months/phase of eel culture) of power consumption and CO2 discharge capacity:
1. the power consumption that circulation stereo type is land is 198kw, and approximating each issue eel culture needs to give off CO268kg.
2. the power consumption of the land aquaculture of factory's type is 1296kw, and approximating each issue eel culture needs to give off CO2440kg.
Conclusion:
1. 440kg-68kg=372kg, that is: each issue cultivation eel does not tentatively go to consider other problems such as consumption and quality, Dan Congtong measures in the eel production of unit and considers, the land aquaculture of circulation stereo type is 372kg than factory type land aquaculture minimizing CO2 discharge capacity.
2. the annual land aquaculture of circulation stereo type aquaculture power cost saving more land than factory type
497.664 yen/year (calculate according to exchange rate of yen on the same day, save general 350,000 yuans).The input of the land aquaculture new technology of circulation stereo type, can not only save corporate spending, and to ecological environmental protection, prevent greenhouse effects of the earth, serves the effect reducing CO2 discharge.
" the compound land aquaculture of circulation stereo " of the present invention ecosystem is applicable to the cultivation of fresh-water fishes, is also applicable to the cultivation of saltwater fish, is more suitable for the cultivation of migration fingerling after water quality survey.
The present invention is a kind of novel mode of production integrating fish culture, Vegetable produce and even optimizing water quality, this mode of production makes the water body of fishpond or fish pond Middle nutrition by " biofilter " absorption to the fish excretas such as the residual nitrogen in crawl draining, ammonia, phosphorus and bait feed remnant, and allows water quality be purified.Like this, not only to ammonia, nitrogen, the process of these three kinds of main contamination indexs of aquaculture of nitrite nitrogen is efficient up to 92%, and, water after filtration passes through the purification of " drinking water treatment equipment " again, also can be recycled, thus greatly saved the water consumption of " land aquaculture ", cultivation efficiency is made comparatively to improve nearly 6 times than the mode of traditional aquaculture, and effectively played aquatic animal, the energy that vegetables are potential in the mode of production and integrated ecosystem, the no pollution discharge and the Harmless that achieve " land aquaculture " water body are produced, problem of environmental pollution is made to obtain effective solution, improve economic benefit and social benefit.
Core concept of the present utility model has fully demonstrated the rule of the circulation stereo compound motion in the Nature of universe, and this is the natural laws, humanity, especially the road of " land aquaculture ".Have respect for nature rule only, all things on earth can be made to be produced; Give full play to its original person's character, energy, can make that all things on earth is raised, healthy growth; And suitable material nutrient is provided for it, all things on earth can be made to be shaped, and best in quality; Build suitable environment for it, all things on earth can be made to be grown up, grow, breed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model circulation stereo compound " land aquaculture " ecological micro-system;
Fig. 2 is the biological method schematic diagram filtered of degrading step by step;
Fig. 3 is existing factory type enclosed type " land aquaculture " schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is activated water apparatus structural representation;
Fig. 5 automatic air-exchanging principle schematic.
Embodiment
Shown in figure 1, Fig. 2, the utility model circulation stereo compound " land aquaculture " ecological micro-system comprises five levels, that is:
The first order: breed fish with activation functional water;
The second level: cultivate the fish such as the higher swamp eel of respiratory system, loach with " nutritive water " that the first order is discharged;
The third level: cultivate the higher monoshell software aquatic organism of respiratory system, as cray, crab class with " nutritive water " that the second level is discharged;
The fourth stage: plant the water such as Chinese celery, water caltrop, lotus root, reed, wild rice stem with " nutritive water " of the third level and take root in thing;
Level V: plant the hydrophilic plants such as strawberry on the plant of the fourth stage;
The utility model adopts biological cleaning water system, the aquatic organism such as reed, wild rice stem is planted in water system, cultivated crabs, cray etc. in purification water system simultaneously, absorb heavy metal etc. residual in decomposition water, then enter cistern, by purely natural solidifying agent, its solid, liquid is separated, by qualified water input " drinking water purification equipment ", make the activation functional water of applicable fish growth, more again flow into crawl or fishpond continuously, form a whole set of water circulation ecosystem.
Below will be described in detail each rank.
1, one-level aquatic animal (main class of breeding fish) culturing pool or culture pond
Shown in figure 1, Fig. 4, the activation functional water cultured fishes that low-level culture pool adopts " drinking water purification equipment " of native system to export, and adopt activated water apparatus to carry out monitoring adjustment to water quality.Particularly:
This activated water apparatus comprises controller, sensor, blooming cylinder, microbubble generator, water inlet, outlet valve; Wherein, sensor is for detecting water quality, as: water level, water temperature, pH value, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) etc., and testing result is sent to controller, controller according to Testing index and then the work and the stopping that controlling blooming cylinder and microbubble generator, and water inlet, the water inlet of outlet valve, water outlet action.
Sensor regularly can detect water temperature, N-P-K content, BOD content etc. in water.As detected value does not meet setting value, controller will start corresponding component and carries out temperature adjusting, drainage or inflate oxygenation, under making water body remain on the condition of applicable fish growth to water body always.Thus realize extensive, the diversified aquaculture water industry in limited range.
Blooming cylinder is used for regularly to water body release air bullet, and this contributes to the waters activating culturing pool or culture pond, improves water quality, stops the formation of " water body " eutrophication, prevent the formation of " water body becomes stratification " phenomenon, improve the DO value of waters bottom.In addition, the energy utilizing the circulation stereo type of water self to move to send removes the mud that pond bottom stockpiles, and makes the water bottom grains of sand, improves the activity of " water body ", promotes that the solid of aquatic animals and plants is raised." water body " of aquaculture pond or culture pond, in solid type shuttling movement, can make the dissolved oxygen in " water body " obtain constantly alternately flowing, meet aquatic animals and plants different feeding habits, life habit and reproductive habit separately.
Microbubble generator (not shown) is also used in this activated water apparatus.It further reduces the rank of microbubble on the basis of aeration principle, increase the quantity of microbubble, thus the time making " nanoscale microbubble " be detained in " water body " is extended, activate the positive energy of water self thus, strengthen the detergent power of himself, increase the water dissolved oxygen in " water body ", reach the effect to aquaculture pond or culture pond " water body " oxygenation.Described in specific as follows:
In " water body " of 1. culturing pool or culture pond, the surface area of bubble increases along with increasing of number of bubbles, the effect of grease in trickle dirt in sorption " water body " and dissolving " water body " can be played by the active tension on microbubble surface, bacterium dregs etc. in " water body " is floated on the surface of the water along with the rising of microbubble, thus makes it the nutriment becoming aquatic animal.
2. microbubble is in the way of slowly rising, the deformation fracture under the effect of water pressure itself of most bubble, and is dissolved in " water body ", so, drastically increases the water dissolved oxygen in " water body ", promotes growing up healthy and sound of fish.
3. make cultivation " water body " activate, reduce the incidence of " fish disease ".
2, the cultivation of second level aquatic animal combines with fourth stage water root planting and forms breeding composite system.
That is: fish excreta is contained by one-level crawl or fishpond, nutrition water body containing nitrogen, phosphorus etc. enters in secondary aquatic animal cultivation canal or breeding trough, and put into compost at cultivation canal or the bottom of breeding trough and add mud, for cultivating the aquatic animals such as the more flourishing swamp eel of respiratory system, loach, snakeheaded fish.The body surface of this fish can secreting mucus, can decompose the above-mentioned nutriment in water body, also serve the effect of purifying water body.
The water simultaneously loading the Chinese celery, water caltrop, lotus root, romaine lettuce and so on be planted on plastic foamboard aperture on the water surface of canal or groove takes root in thing.These vegetables absorb sufficient nutrition from waste water, solve the input reducing or do not use as far as possible the fund of chemical fertilizer, and ensure that the quality of aquatic vegetable.
3, by third level monoshell software aquatic animal with level V with planting the water such as strawberry Plants of holding concurrently combine and form three-dimensional compound kind cultivation system.That is: by the second level and fourth stage breeding composite system, the waste water containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition enters in third level monoshell software aquatic animal cultivation ditch and solid growth pipeline, carries out production kind of cultivation activity with multi-level support shape object.Plantation take strawberry as the main hydrophilic vegetables such as kind of watercress of holding concurrently, the monoshell software aquatic animal allowing the fourth spiral shell, cray, crab class, leech etc. being called as water body " street cleaner " have higher level respiratory system draws the remaining nutrient in water body further, allow them while absorbing the nutrient in water body, chemical composition residual in decomposition water and heavy metal etc.
Alternatively, also can just third level monoshell software aquatic animal and fourth stage water take root in thing, level V plants the water of the hydrophilic of strawberry etc. that Plants of holding concurrently all is combined together to form three-dimensional compound kind cultivation system.Namely, in cultivation ditch, cultivate the monoshell software aquatic animals such as fourth spiral shell, cray, the water surface loads water such as plantation reed, wild rice stem etc. with plastic foamboard and takes root in thing, on these plants, plant the hydrophilic plants such as strawberry again with multi-level support shape object.The water body being rich in n-p-k element and multiple nutrients thing is taken root in thing by fourth spiral shell, cray and reed water and is fully absorbed, and decompose, and the N P and K gas in air is also fully absorbed by plants such as strawberries.The animals and plants of every one-level all fully can absorb organic nutrient substance from upper level, thus form the cycle down solution preocess of multi-stage ecological self-purification, decomposition.Meanwhile, also meet and carry out diversified vegeto-animal cultivation requirement in limited space, enhance economic benefit.
4, through cray, crab cultivates, water after biofiltration, cistern is entered by pipeline, the domestic pollution water of this " ecosystem " periphery and rainfall are also introduced by pipeline in the cistern of this " ecosystem " and are carried out necessary process, namely make water body solid by flocculating agents such as the alum of pure natural or quicklimes, liquid is separated, by water pipeline, water is inputted " drinking water purification equipment " again, according to the needs of to breed fish kind make the activation functional water being suitable for fish growth, finally again flow into continuously in one-level crawl or fishpond, a whole set of water circulation ecosystem of formation like this.
See Fig. 5, it is the automatic air interchanger principle schematic that the utility model adopts.The automatic air interchanger that the ecological micro-system of the utility model circulation stereo compound " land aquaculture " adopts comprises air inlet, air outlet and filter.This filter is made up of soft material, and this soft material is the mixture of nano level mineral dust and plastic optical fibre; This soft material is for the dust in filtered air, bacterium and harmful chemical.Adopt this kind of device, just the harmful substance in outside air can be filtered out by air inlet, ensure the cleannes of room air, and the waste gas such as the carbonic acid gas of indoor generation are discharged from air outlet by the circulation of indoor cold and hot air mass.Thus guarantee in indoor, cultivating workshop, booth this region interior and outside round-the-clock with fresh air, prevent the generation of aquatic animals and plants bacteriological infection, reduce the occurrence probability of damage by disease and insect.