CN2043329U

CN2043329U - Clock type solar energy tracking device

Info

Publication number: CN2043329U
Application number: CN88221402U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 章之华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1988-12-18
Filing date: 1988-12-18
Publication date: 1989-08-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a clock type solar energy tracking device. A solar receiver can be made aimed to the sun by the utility model to process uniaxial and intermittent active following in clock motion mode of being rotated for 360 DEG / day and night. The utility model has the advantages of high precision and little error for a quartz crystal is adopted to be served as an oscillation source. The character of all weather automatic tracking is provided, and manual operation of everyday is not needed. The integral clock type solar energy tracking device comprises a clock type control system, step-type driving machinery and a manual operating mechanism. The clock type solar energy tracking device is suitable to the tracking of a solar power system, a solar cooker and a solar energy water heater. The structure of the clock type solar energy tracking device is simple, power consumption of everyday is 0.06AH of an integral tracking system, and the clock type solar energy tracking device is an ideal clock type solar energy energy-saving tracking device.

Description

Clock type solar energy tracking device

The utility model relates to a kind of clock type solar tracking means, is specially adapted to the tracking that solar energy is utilized.

Present domestic existing clock type tracking means generally needs a stepper motor or the DC electromagnet element that is used as power, but costs an arm and a leg, and because the cost height, starting is frequent, and the also little power consumption of output torque is big and fail to promote.

In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, the purpose of this utility model provides and a kind ofly adopts cheap non-stepping to rotate common micromachine, reach that stepping is rotated, high output torque and wind resistance, and can round-the-clock tracking do not need artificial operation every day, simple in structure, reliable in action, easy to manufacture, clock type solar tracking means that power consumption is minimum.

The utility model is made up of a clock control system, step-by-step movement drive unit and manual-operating mechanism.

Step-by-step movement drive unit of the present utility model is by three-range transmission and stepping trnasistion mechanism, stepper drive machinery is under clock control signal drives, the non-stepping of common micromachine can be rotated and become the stepping rotation, the footpath axle is done corresponding stepping and is rotated, make receiver follow the tracks of the sun all the time, and output footpath axle directed north star can be done diurnal motion with the sun.Its end also has a perpendicular latitude axle, can support the elevation angle of receiver and change receiver.Make output have wind resistance self-locking property and enough big moment by the transmission ratio decelerator simultaneously.

Clock control system is to be oscillation source with the quartz crystal, through wrist-watch integrated circuit frequency division, therefrom the fetch cycle is 5 minutes a pulse signal, and respectively two signal amplifications, paraphase, monostable are handled, power amplifier, at last it accurately output gap be the driving signal that 5 minutes alternating polarity changes.Because having adopted quartz crystal is oscillation source, so clock pulses precision height, accumulated error is little.Owing to be the stepper drive machinery that micromachine was followed the tracks of and adopted in step stepping, the CMOS integrated circuit has been adopted in clock control in addition, self power consumption of the tracking section that makes only every day 0.06 ampere-hour.Therefore power consumption is minimum.

The utility model has the advantages that simple and compact for structurely, control system is stable, and the non-stepping that makes is rotated the plain edition motor and reached stepping and rotate, and power consumption is little, is the tracking means of the reliable economize on electricity of a kind of ideal.

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is stepper drive machine construction principle figure;

Fig. 2 is the spring clutch schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is a clock tracing control system block diagram;

(1) micromachine, (2) small worm, (3), (4) helical gear, (5), (6) spur gear, (7), (8), (13) clutch spring, (9), intermittent gear, (10), big worm screw, (11), big worm gear, (12), output footpath axle.

Stepper drive machinery of the present utility model is made up of three-range transmission and stepping trnasistion mechanism.The first order is the worm and gear speed change, it is made up of small worm (2) and helical gear (3), further slow down by gear train (3)-(5)-(4)-(6)-(9) then, final stage is worm gear (11) and worm screw (10) speed change, and total gear ratio reaches 30,000: 1.

Non-stepping is rotated and is become the stepping rotating process and be achieved in that helical gear (3) and spur gear (5) in the stepper drive machinery, also have helical gear (4) and spur gear (6) respectively by the coaxial spring clutch that connects to form of spring (7) (8), its medi-spring is around to necessarily, it has unidirectional drive characteristic, when helical gear (3) or helical gear (4) spur gear (5) or spur gear (6) when making forward rotation relatively, spring is embraced tighter and tighter because of the frictional force effect, therefore make the effective carry-over moment of two gears, otherwise when two gears are made backward rotation relatively, to make spring loose, can't carry-over moment and make two gears break away from contact.Helical gear (3) and helical gear (4) in stepper drive machinery in addition, spur gear (5) and intermittent gear (9), spur gear (6) and intermittent gear (9) mesh in twos simultaneously to cooperate with above-mentioned spring and have constituted special stepping trnasistion mechanism.Wherein intermittent gear (9) has some uniformly-spaced grooves, the distribution of groove and width can be by certain requirement designs, make when no matter, always there is a tooth portion to be meshed in spur gear (5) and spur gear (6) two teeth with intermittent gear (9), and the step angle decision that the groove number of intermittent gear (9) is rotated by stepping.Followingly being the principle of stepping gearing, also is the example in the utility model:

Spur gear (6) is in the dead slot of intermittent gear (9) starting position spur gear (5) with the tooth portion engagement of intermittent gear (9), when the positive polarity clock pulses drives micromachine (1) when being rotated in the forward, it makes the relative spur gear (5) of helical gear (3) make forward rotation on the one hand, under the effect of spring (7), effective carry-over moment, and drive angle of intermittent gear (9) forward rotation by spur gear (5), when forwarding in the groove that spur gear (5) enters intermittent gear (9) till.Simultaneously spur gear (6) is also prepared for coming of next clock signal by the top that dead slot begins to enter another tooth section of intermittent gear (9).This has just finished a stepping and has rotated, and makes intermittent gear (9) turn over a θ angle.

θ＝ (180°)/(n) 。

Wherein n is the groove number, and θ is a step angle.

On the other hand helical gear (3) again with helical gear (4) engagement, make gear tiltedly take turns (4) relatively spur gear (6) be backward rotation, so the effect of spring (8) is lax, spur gear (6) is unfettered and can make backward rotation arbitrarily.When the reversed polarity clock pulses arrived, micromachine (1) was made backward rotation, and it because the relative spur gear (5) of helical gear (3) is a backward rotation, does not therefore play gearing on the one hand.But helical gear (3) make helical gear (5) relatively spur gear (6) make forward rotation, therefore pass torque to spur gear (6), and drive intermittent gear (9) simultaneously and do another forward stepping rotation by helical gear (4).Enter in the groove of back up to spur gear (6), spur gear (5) enters next section tooth portion top of intermittent gear (9) simultaneously.By as can be known above-mentioned, under the effect of alter polarity clock pulses, spur gear (5) and spur gear (6) also alternately promote intermittent gear (9) the θ angle of at every turn advancing, and play the purpose that stepping is rotated.

The clock control system of present embodiment adopts the CMOS integrated circuit, is operated on off state, and institute's power consumption stream is 1 milliampere, and supply voltage is 12 volts, so power consumption only is 12 milliwatts.Stepper drive machinery rotated once in per 5 minutes, and each duration is T ₂=3 seconds, the motor power consumption was 150 milliamperes, so whole day mean power (P=P ₁/ P ₂) be 18 milliwatts, so the tracking section total mean power is 30 milliwatts, every day, power consumption was 0.06 ampere-hour.Driven 30 kilograms of photovoltaic concentrator solar arrays in the present embodiment as loaded work piece, a day generated energy is 14 ampere-hours, so tracking section self power consumption only accounts for 0.428% of solar cell generated energy, is a kind of tracking means of low power consumption therefore.In addition, the clock control signal accuracy of present embodiment quartz crystal is very high, and only the accumulated error of every month adjusting axle one next day gets final product.

Clock pulse interval is 5 minutes in this example, the groove number of intermittent gear is 2, so the step angle of this example discontinuous gear (9) is 90 °, again because final stage worm and gear gear ratio is 72:1, so the step pitch of last output footpath axle be per 5 minutes 1 ° 15 ', this value is identical with sun operating angle on Sunday speed just.

Manual-operating mechanism of the present utility model is work like this, because the effect of spring (13), when the big worm screw of artificial rotation (12) when rotating forward, big just worm screw (12) relatively intermittent gear (9) makes backward rotation, so spring (13) unclamps and makes big worm screw and intermittent gear renunciation and can be arbitrary to preceding rotation.When the big worm screw of artificial rotation (12) when rotating backward, spring (13) will be more and more tighter according to reason, big worm screw (12) is involved by intermittent gear (9) and can't rotate, but because the dog of manual handle forces the end of the spring of stirring near intermittent gear (13), make the spring reverse rotation and unclamp, thereby also can make worm screw (12) break away from intermittent gear (9) constraint and backward rotation arbitrarily.

Claims

1, a kind of clock type solar tracking means is made up of mechanical transmission mechanism and control system, it is characterized in that having a clock control system, a step-by-step movement driving device and a manual-operating mechanism.

2, clock type solar tracking means according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step-by-step movement driving device stepping trnasistion mechanism being housed.

3, clock type solar tracking means according to claim 2 is characterized in that helical gear (3) and spur gear (5), helical gear (4) and spur gear (6) respectively by coaxial connection of spring (7) (8), form spring clutch.

4, clock type solar tracking means according to claim 2 is characterized in that having equally spaced groove on the intermittent gear (9).

5, clock type solar tracking means according to claim 1 is characterized in that the ascending part that prolongs that big worm screw (12) is connected with intermittent gear (9) is equipped with spring (13).