CN201047684Y

CN201047684Y - Automatic following sun device

Info

Publication number: CN201047684Y
Application number: CNU2006201679909U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈红专
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-06-19
Filing date: 2006-12-15
Publication date: 2008-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2016-12-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses an autotracking solar device and a connection transmission mechanism, which relates to the solar energy utilization technical field. The autotracking solar device is characterized in that a controller controls accurately a push-and-pull machine which is arranged on a bracket and drives a ratchet wheel occasionally, the ratchet wheel is connected with and drives an absorbing radiant body to rotate and track the sun, or is characterized in that the controller controls accurately a motor and a clutch of a ratchet wheel column which are arranged on the bracket, the motor drives the ratchet wheel column which is connected with and occasionally drives the absorbing radiant body to rotate and track the sun. The connection transmission mechanism is a mechanism that a plurality of parallel absorbing radiant bodies are articulated and connected in parallel by a parallel connecting bar. The utility model provides a tracking device which has short driving chain, simple and reliable structure and accurate tracking angle, furthermore, the absorbing radiant body only needs to be rotated for a plurality of percent degrees or even a smaller angle in average when driving each time. The device has trillions of evolution proposals and wide scope of application and the utility model can be widely used for tracking the sun in a photovoltaic battery panel, a solar cooker, a flat plate collector, a solar boiler, a solar energy boiler and a solar energy utilization device.

Description

Auto-tracking sun device

Technical field

The application relates to technical field of solar utilization technique, particularly a kind of auto-tracking sun device.

Background technology

Wanting high efficiency to utilize solar energy must make the normal of poly-extinction body aim at the sun, promptly is to make the normal parallel of poly-extinction body in the direct projection light of the sun; Because the earth both revolved around the sun on ecliptic plan, form the declination angle ± 23 ° 27 ' between change; And the earth forms solar hour angle and changes between ± 180 ° every day around earth's axis rotation, per hour is equivalent to rotate 15 °, could high efficiency utilize solar energy so will make the slow rotation of poly-extinction body make its normal aim at the sun constantly.It is a kind of large-scale windproof from motion tracking sun lighting equipment that application number is that 03113205.7 Chinese patent discloses, and its programme element is: the declination angle tracking: motor is connected framework by the push rod that drives nut screw mandrel or hydraulic cylinder that slows down by moving sets; Solar hour angle is followed the tracks of: two motors are by the deceleration rotating shaft, by the promptly poly-extinction body of sprocket wheel, belt wheel, transition gear driven in synchronism concentration module; It is simple for structure, be applicable to the large-sized solar concentrating device, but because its concentration module will will rotate the tracking sun with the speed of changeing 23 ° of 27 ' angles every half a year with speed rotation or its framework that per hour changes 15 ° of angles, and rotating speed of motor to be per minute more than 1,000 change, obviously its deceleration device comparatively complicated, be that rotating ratio is bigger; It uses the Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder framework: hydraulic cylinder power is big but will accurately to control its stroke be not a nothing the matter; Its sprocket wheel, belt wheel are in transmission connection to soft connection, that its transmission accuracy relative stiffness connects is poor, and the driving-chain of transition gear transmission is oversize, driving error is big; Whether its sprocket wheel, belt wheel, transition gear synchronous drive device not explanation have protective cover, as do not have then: the wearing and tearing that there is the problem of expanding with heat and contract with cold in the sunlight direct irradiation and drenches with rain and get rusty easily, reach easy binding dust, accelerate device.Application number is that 94119393.4 Chinese patent discloses a kind of sun tracker apparatus, its programme element is: two vapour/hydraulic cylinders directly promote screw mandrel makes the nut rotation drive poly-extinction body, scheme is simple, but it is axial force distribution, cause or because of the spiral self-locking nut motionless, or because of resistance is big, efficient is very low, and also exist its stroke to be difficult to accurate control.Application number is the solar tracking device that 89221656.5 Chinese patent discloses the controlled driving of a kind of potential energy, its programme element is: the poly-extinction body of elastic force or weight-driven rotates, photo-electric control electromagnet ratchet reaches moving gear piece and releases resistance, its scheme is simple, but its moving gear piece can only turn left, how does poly-extinction body reverse and automatically resets? and poly-extinction body was swung easily when wind-force was big.Application number is that 91211146.1 Chinese patent discloses a kind of error-correcting type solar cooker autotracker, its programme element is: is level (a solar hour angle?) follower is by the electromagnet of bandwidth teeth and fixedly rack rails engagement; Be (the declination angle vertically? thereby) follow the tracks of by driven by motor awl tooth, awl tooth and nut disjunctor, nut drive leading screw, rocking arm driving sun stove; The feature of its scheme is the most similar to the application's feature, but do not know that in person it is the tracking that how to realize the sun that its level is followed the tracks of, it is vertically followed the tracks of and adopts motor-driven, motor is that non-batch (-type) rotation and rotating speed are big, its awl tooth transmission speed reducing ratio is little, so its tracking precision is poorer slightly than the application's screw rod ratchet device scheme.Application number is that 03262564.2 Chinese patent discloses a kind of screw moving type declination autotracking unit, its programme element is: thus driving lever is stirred the base gear that rocking handle is stirred two-way patrilineal line of descent with only one son in each generation device, drive the screw rod that does not rotate thereby the drive nut gear connects and move up and down, rotate thereby drive poly-extinction body; The change according to the season design that turns to of its summer in winter is very novel, but 1, screw rod does not rotate the nut that then screws with it and must rotate, and its back-moving spring is connected in the declination support, how does nut rotate? 2, the summer in winter change according to the season turn to when require installing unusual accurate Calculation and adjust rocking handle be subjected to dial the angle, and not exclusively reliable sometimes; 3, how the driving lever that changes according to the season makes the commutation of two-way patrilineal line of descent with only one son in each generation device, does not describe in detail comprehensively the summer in winter.Application number is the tunable reflector that 200520079018.1 Chinese patent discloses a kind of horizontally-arranged solar energy heat collection pipe, and its programme element is: main shaft connects promotion by connecting rod with a plurality of reflectors of same row; It has saved numerous trackers, but does not consider that obviously its main shaft of sunlight direct irradiation exists the meeting of expanding with heat and contract with cold influence the problem of each reflector angles; Learn from Figure of abstract: its collar bush is connected on the support, main shaft can only before and after slide and can not move up and down, therefore bring two problems: 1, not explanation of its main shaft articulated linkage, as main shaft and connecting rod be weld, then its reflector can not rotate; 2, its main shaft articulated linkage in this way, then its reflector also can only rotate by low-angle.

Summary of the invention

It is short, simple and reliable for structure that the technical problem that the application will solve provides a kind of driving-chain, follow the tracks of angle accurately, be specially adapted to bigger focusing speculum of optically focused and tower type solar boiler speculum, applied widely, have the influence of wind resistance power and follow the tracks of the angle function, its parallel rod has the auto-tracking sun device of anti-heat expansion shrinkage.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the described auto-tracking sun device of the application's claim 1 is by poly-extinction body, controller, and is installed on load push-pull, the ratchet device on the support and is connected driving member and form; Said poly-extinction body can be speculum or flat plate collector or sun stove or photovoltaic battery panel etc., said being installed on contains on the support directly and is installed on the support indirectly, said load push-pull can be electromagnet or connecting rod or cam or air bag or cylinder or oil cylinder load push-pull, said ratchet device can be circumference or tooth bar or screw rod or connecting rod ratchet device, and wherein the circumferential ratchet device is a line output ratchet device for rotating output ratchet device, tooth bar or screw rod or connecting rod ratchet device; Said circumferential ratchet device is made up of ratchet group or ratchet pair or ratchet string, or drives continuous transmission mechanism and form by ratchet group or ratchet are secondary; Said ratchet group is made up of rocking bar and the ratchet that ratchet and ratchet meshed hinged or that be slidingly connected on the rocking bar, said ratchet pair is made up of the ratchet that ratchet and ratchet meshed, the secondary general designation of ratchet group and ratchet ratchet mechanism, said ratchet string can drive single-stage or multistage ratchet or sheave or incomplete gear mechanism by ratchet mechanism to be formed, and said continuous transmission mechanism can be gear or Worm and worm-wheel gearing; Said hinged finger connects with hinge, and said being slidingly connected refers to connect with sliding tray; Said tooth bar ratchet device drives tooth bar by ratchet mechanism or ratchet string to be formed, and said screw rod ratchet device is made up of ratchet mechanism or ratchet string drive nut, screw rod; Said connecting rod ratchet device is made up of ratchet string drive link mechanism; Be connected driving member, the ratchet that said ratchet device output can be a ratchet mechanism in the circumferential ratchet device or the extreme gear of gear or Worm and worm-wheel gearing or worm gear or the terminal ratchet of ratchet string or sheave or gear or the tooth bar of tooth bar ratchet device or the screw rod of screw rod ratchet device or the pull bar of connecting rod ratchet device between the output that said connection driving member refers to the ratchet device and the poly-extinction body; Said rotation output ratchet device is meant that the output of ratchet device is the ratchet device that rotates, and said line output ratchet device is meant that the output of ratchet device is the ratchet device of moving linearly.The described auto-tracking sun device of the application's claim 1 (following abbreviation tracking means), control the load push-pull driving pawl device at intermittence that is installed on the support by controller, the ratchet device connects and drives poly-extinction body rotation follows the tracks of the sun, promptly be controlled to be the master with the time by controller, be controlled to be adjustment with light sensing, accurately control is installed on the load push-pull on the support, load push-pull drives the liftoff reciprocating motion of the intermittent spacing of its pull-push piece, compare transmission through ratchet device big retarding, make ratchet device output decide corner or set a distance motion, through connecting the accurate transmission of driving member, drive poly-extinction body rotation and follow the tracks of the sun, make the normal of poly-extinction body be parallel to the direct projection light of the sun all the time or make the direct projection light of the sun after mirror reflects, aim at extinction body all the time, even extinction body obtains maximum solar radiation quantity.Since the revolution of the earth form the declination angle ± 23 ° 27 ' between change; And earth rotation forms solar hour angle and changes between ± 180 ° every day, per hour be equivalent to rotate 15 °, these two corners change all very slow, so adopt load push-pull intermittently to drive poly-extinction body, intermittently: in time, stop when moving, and a period of time of promptly being separated by drives and once makes the intermittent rotation of poly-extinction body realize slow tracking; The tracking accuracy of some poly-extinction body such as flat plate collector, sun stove, photovoltaic battery panel etc. is less demanding, but some requirement is very high, as the bigger focusing speculum of optically focused and tower type solar boiler speculum etc., this moment, the application's claim 1 adopted the ratchet device of big retarding ratio to slow down, make load push-pull drive the poly-extinction body of feeding at every turn and on average only rotate percent several years even littler angle, and adopt measures such as connecting the anti-heat expansion shrinkage of driving member to reduce tracking error, make tracking error can be controlled within a few tenths of a mm even to reach higher requirement.

Said load push-pull is with electric energy or mechanical energy or the liftoff reciprocating machine of the intermittent spacing of potential energy driving pull-push piece; Said pull-push piece be load push-pull power output the terminal part, can be pull bar, slide block, armature, piston rod, push rod, connector etc., promptly can be the piston rod of the electromagnet armature or the pull bar of linkage or the pull bar of cam mechanism or the push rod of air bag or cylinder, oil cylinder, it plays carry-over moment and is connected effect; Said set a distance is that the stroke of each motion equates all, promptly all is a length that the main effect of load push-pull is to provide enough big driving force for tracking means.Said electromagnet load push-pull by power supply, magnetizing coil, iron core, and armature form, its power supply can be the alternating current that provides of civil power, also can be the direct current that is provided by photovoltaic cell or battery, its armature connects the rocking bar in the ratchet group, the stroke of one link stopper, restriction armature, rocking bar is installed on the cabinet, the reciprocating stroke that makes armature is a set a distance, on rocking bar or the armature back-moving spring can be installed; The iron core of electromagnet connects support or cabinet, when controller gives electricity in the magnetizing coil of electromagnet, magnetizing coil will produce magnetic field, promptly produce centripetal force, inhaling moving armature drive rocking bar moves toward direction unshakable in one's determination together, thereby stirring ratchet by ratchet rotates to an angle, i.e. pairing central angle of ratchet circular pitch, it is tooth of ratchet rotation, behind the disconnected power down magnet power supply of controller, armature resets under the pulling force of back-moving spring or thrust or the effect at gravity, be that armature moves toward the link stopper direction with rocking bar, ratchet breaks away from ratchet or slides on ratchet at this moment, be that ratchet is motionless, thereby realize the intermittent driving pawl device of load push-pull; The electromagnet load push-pull is simple in structure, but the suction that magnetizing coil produces is less, and it is applicable to the tracking that drives single poly-extinction body.Said connecting rod load push-pull is made up of motor, flywheel, clutch, linkage, the linkage kind is numerous, can be by crank be contained on the crank axle, crank articulated linkage, rod hinge connection pull bar, pull bar is contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet and forms, this kind is called the slide crank linkage, and it rotates drivening rod, the reciprocating sliding slip in guide pin bushing of connecting rod driving pull bar by crank; Can also be to be contained on the crank axle by crank, the slide crank rocking bar that is dynamically connected: promptly crank can hinged rocking bar guide pin bushing, rocking bar guide pin bushing hollow sleeve rocking bar, or crank is installed a sliding axle, on the sliding axle Rolling bearing or roller can be installed, rocking bar one end is opened a sliding tray, sliding axle or Rolling bearing or roller are installed in the sliding tray and slidably or roll, rocking bar one end is hinged or install to connect cabinet with bearing, the hinged slide block of the other end, slide block is installed in the chute, the fixedly connected pull bar of chute, pull bar is contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet and forms, this kind is called oscillating guidebar mechanism, it drives rocking bar guide pin bushing or sliding axle rotation by crank, thereby drive the rocking bar swing, the shaking rod band movable slider is stirred chute, pull bar reciprocating sliding in guide pin bushing is slided, the effect that this shows linkage is to become straight reciprocating motion with rotatablely moving, and because crank shaft core is a set a distance to hinge or sliding axle axle center, so the reciprocating stroke of pull bar is a set a distance.Said cam load push-pull is by motor, flywheel, clutch, cam mechanism is formed, the type of cam mechanism is various, can be that cam is installed on the camshaft, cam face has a convex annular race, pull bar is contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet, pull bar one end connects roller bearing, the other end connects the rocking bar in the ratchet group, or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected, on the roller bearing roll sleeve or roller can be installed, roller bearing or roll sleeve or roller are contained in the cam path and along cam path and slide, the cam rotation makes roller bearing or roll sleeve or roller slide or roll along cam path, pull bar reciprocating sliding in guide pin bushing is slided, and this kind is called the cam mechanism of how much sealings; Can also be that cam is installed on the camshaft, pull bar is contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet, pull bar one end is the plane or connects roller bearing, roll sleeve or roller are installed on the roller bearing, the other end connects the rocking bar in the ratchet group, or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected, on guide pin bushing, can adorn back-moving spring and connect pull bar, utilize the gravity or the spring force of pull bar that pull bar is kept in touch with cam contour all the time, the cam rotation is slided pull bar reciprocating sliding in guide pin bushing, this kind is called force-closed cam mechanism, the effect that this shows cam mechanism is to become straight reciprocating motion with rotatablely moving, and because the peak of cam path or cam contour is a set a distance to minimum point, so the reciprocating stroke of pull bar is a set a distance.The motor of said connecting rod or cam load push-pull is controlled by controller, motor mounting is in support or cabinet, its effect provides moment of torsion, the effect that is installed in the flywheel on the motor reel is to utilize inertia to store moment of torsion, make fractional electric motor can intermittently drive high-power ratchet device, said motor reel, crank axle or camshaft can be same axles, flywheel connects clutch, clutch other end connecting crank or cam, its effect is to make the continuous rotation of motor become intermittent rotation, thereby avoided the motor frequent starting, clutch generally is to use electromagnetic friction clutch, control by controller, when controller gives electricity in the magnetizing coil of clutch, clutch is engagement just, make the motor drives flywheel, clutch, after crank or cam rotate a circle, the controller clutch power supply that breaks, clutch separation, crank or cam stop the rotation, because connecting rod or cam mechanism have motional inertia, for making the pull bar stroke accurate, can one brake be installed at crank or cam place, clutch one power-off braker is braked at once, brake generally is to use the electromagnet-friction brake, control by controller, it generally is clutch, brake gets dead electricity simultaneously, and brake one its spring of outage drives brake block at once and brakes; Thereby once drive it and connect ratchet in the hinged or ratchet pair that is slidingly connected of rocking bar in ratchet group or its and move back and forth and once stir ratchet and rotate to an angle by ratchet thereby crank or cam rotate a circle, drive the pull bar reciprocating sliding, since when resetting ratchet break away from ratchet or on ratchet, slide, ratchet is motionless, thereby realize the intermittent driving pawl device of load push-pull.Connecting rod or cam load push-pull pull bar back and forth be continuous motion, these characteristics are applicable to that east-west direction is that the counter-rotating that solar hour angle is followed the tracks of poly-extinction body resets.

Said air bag load push-pull is connected to form with tracheae successively by air pump or gas compressor, gas tank, magnetic valve, air bag, air bag one end connection support or cabinet, an end connect push rod, push rod connects the rocking bar in the ratchet group, since air bag be software, when the stroke that drives air pressure when not of uniform size, push rod neither set a distance, so the stroke of a link stopper, restriction push rod is installed on cabinet, the reciprocating stroke that makes push rod is a set a distance, on rocking bar or push rod a back-moving spring can be installed.Said cylinder load push-pull is connected to form with tracheae successively by air pump or gas compressor, gas tank, magnetic valve, cylinder, cylinder connects support or cabinet, there are a piston, piston to connect piston rod in the cylinder, cylinder chamber is divided into feeding chamber and reseting cavity by piston, that end that piston rod is arranged is that reseting cavity, the other end are the feeding chamber, rocking bar in the piston rod connection ratchet group or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected can be installed a back-moving spring on rocking bar or the piston rod.Said oil cylinder load push-pull is connected to form with oil pipe successively by fuel tank, oil pump, oil tank, magnetic valve, oil cylinder, oil cylinder connects support or cabinet, there are a piston, piston to connect piston rod in the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder chamber is divided into feeding chamber and reseting cavity by piston, that end that piston rod is arranged is that reseting cavity, the other end are the feeding chamber, rocking bar in the piston rod connection ratchet group or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected can be installed a back-moving spring on rocking bar or the piston rod.So because the stroke of cylinder or oil cylinder piston is the reciprocating stroke of its piston rod of set a distance is set a distance.The effect of said air pump, gas compressor, oil pump provides pressure, soon mechanical energy converts potential energy to, when system pressure is lower than rated pressure, air pump or gas compressor or oil pump running, when system pressure reaches rated pressure, air pump or gas compressor or oil pump shut down; The effect of gas tank, oil tank is to store and steady pressure, in order to avoid air pump, gas compressor, oil pump frequent starting, air pump, gas compressor, oil pump, gas tank, oil tank general designation power source.The effect of magnetic valve is a switching direction, general two-bit triplet or two position four-way solenoid valves of using, be that one-in-and-one-out one closes that to advance scene 2 for threeway, two be four-way, one directly advance directly, one tiltedly advance tiltedly to go out to be two, its transposition is slided by commutation electromagnet and back-moving spring or two commutation solenoid actuated spools and is realized; Its two-bit triplet magnetic valve connecting pipe scheme is: connect gas tank, air bag or cylinder feeding chamber, atmosphere, or connect oil tank, oil cylinder feeding chamber, fuel tank, as magnetic valve when the feeding position, gas tank communicated air bags or cylinder feeding chamber, or oil tank is communicated with oil cylinder feeding chamber, and atmospheric air port or reservoir port connect close mouth, push rod or piston rod under pressure promotes, move forward to, then magnetic valve is when resetting, gas tank or oil tank mouth connect close mouth, air bag or cylinder feeding chamber are communicated with atmosphere, or oil cylinder feeding chamber is communicated with fuel tank, and this moment, push rod or piston rod resetted under the pulling force of back-moving spring or thrust or the effect at gravity.Its two position four-way solenoid valves connecting pipe scheme is: connect gas tank, cylinder feeding chamber, cylinder reseting cavity, atmosphere, or connect oil tank, oil cylinder feeding chamber, oil cylinder reseting cavity, fuel tank; As magnetic valve when the feeding position, gas tank is communicated with that cylinder feeding chamber or oil tank are communicated with oil cylinder feeding chamber and the cylinder reseting cavity is communicated with atmosphere or the oil cylinder reseting cavity is communicated with fuel tank, piston rod under pressure promotes, move forward to; Then magnetic valve when resetting, gas tank is communicated with the cylinder reseting cavity or oil tank is communicated with the oil cylinder reseting cavity, cylinder feeding chamber is communicated with atmosphere or oil cylinder feeding chamber is communicated with fuel tank, this moment, piston rod resetted under pressure promotes.The effect of air bag, cylinder, oil cylinder is that pressure is converted to push-pull effort, is about to potential energy converting and energy and becomes mechanical energy, and air bag, cylinder, oil cylinder are referred to as executing agency; The effect of fuel tank is dress tank body medium, make the medium can be recycling, and liquid medium refers to free from corrosion liquid such as oil, water.When controller sends the feeding signal, the commutation electromagnet makes magnetic valve be in the feeding position, push rod or piston rod under pressure promotes, move forward to, rotate to an angle thereby stir ratchet by ratchet; When controller sends reset signal, back-moving spring or the commutation electromagnet make magnetic valve be in the position that resets, push rod or piston rod drive rocking bar under pressure promotes or under the pulling force of back-moving spring or thrust or the effect at gravity or ratchet resets together, this moment ratchet break away from ratchet or on ratchet, slide, be that ratchet is motionless, thereby realize the intermittent driving pawl device of load push-pull.Because the power source of air bag or cylinder or oil cylinder load push-pull can be separated the back at a distance with executing agency and be connected with pipeline, so being specially adapted to the square formation of a plurality of poly-extinction body different azimuth follows the tracks of, need each speculum to join a cover tracker as the tower type solar boiler, so can numerous executing agencies with a power source.The pull-push piece of the above six kinds of load push-pull is the intermittent movement that work is controlled by the controller, and be to do set a distance reciprocating sliding campaign, the stroke distances that promptly pushes away at every turn, draws all equates, this makes the each angle of rotating of ratchet of ratchet group or ratchet pair all equate, be that ratchet is intermittent decide corner and rotate, all be to rotate a tooth at every turn that this lays a good foundation for the tracking means accurate tracking sun; And, pull-push piece all is subjected to push-pull effort or pressure or the push-pull effort of pressure generation or the effect of spring force or gravity or drag friction power that enough big magnetic field suction or moment of torsion produce because following the tracks of overall process in motion process and when past, multiple stop, can prevent effectively that wind-force when wind-force is big is to the influence of following the tracks of angle or for preventing that windage from providing brake force, be that above-described various power all plays braking action this moment, so can be referred to as brake force.

Said ratchet device be by the intermittent drive mechanism big retarding than transmission, drive output and do decide the corner motion, or by the intermittent drive mechanism big retarding than transmission after continuously transmission mechanism, drive output and make set a distance or decide the driver that corner moves; Said intermittent drive mechanism is the transmission mechanism that continuous motion is become intermittent movement, and driven member was done intermittent movement when promptly the driving link of its kinematic pair was done continuous motion, and said continuous motion contains reciprocal continuous motion; Said output is the terminal part of transmission, and said to decide corner be that the central angle of each rotation equates that all said continuous transmission mechanism is a transmission mechanism of doing continuous motion, and driven member was also done continuous motion when promptly the driving link of its kinematic pair was done continuous motion.The main effect of ratchet device is to make the amount of feeding minimize, make transmission more accurate with big retarding than transmission, and its core component is ratchet group, ratchet pair, ratchet string.Said ratchet group is formed by the empty cover of an end or with rocking bar and the ratchet that ratchet and ratchet meshed hinged or that be slidingly connected on the rocking bar that bearing is installed on ratchet shaft or power transmission shaft or the screw rod; Said ratchet pair is made up of the ratchet that ratchet and ratchet meshed hinged or that be slidingly connected on the load push-pull pull-push piece of (not containing electromagnet and air bag load push-pull); Be that the ratchet pair is made up of ratchet and ratchet, the ratchet group is formed with rocking bar by ratchet is secondary.Rocking bar in the said ratchet group plays and utilizes the lever principle amplifying moment, plays deceleration simultaneously, the empty cover of rocking bar one end or with bearing be installed on ratchet shaft or power transmission shaft or the screw rod, the other end is connected with pull-push piece, because its tie point is to make arc swing around the axle center of ratchet in the certain angle scope and the pull-push piece of load push-pull is to do the set a distance straight reciprocating motion, so pull-push piece adopts following scheme with being connected of rocking bar: can be load push-pull articulated stand or cabinet, the hinged rocking bar of pull-push piece, promptly load push-pull, rocking bar be all swung; Can also be the hinged push rod of pull-push piece, the hinged rocking bar of push rod, promptly load push-pull fix, the swing of push rod and rocking bar; Can also be that load push-pull is fixed and pull-push piece and rocking bar are slidingly connected: install the pull-push piece termination can install Rolling bearing or roller on a sliding axle, the sliding axle, rocking bar one end is opened a sliding tray, and sliding axle or Rolling bearing or roller are installed in the sliding tray and slidably or roll; Also can be that hinged rocking bar guide pin bushing, rocker sleeve be in the rocking bar guide pin bushing and slidably in the pull-push piece termination.So can be hinged with rocking bar or fixedly connected or be one because the armature of electromagnet load push-pull and iron core etc. are loose fit armature; So can be hinged with rocking bar or fixedly connected or be one because air bag is the push rod of software air bag load push-pull; The above six kinds of connectivity scenario can solve the rocking bar problem different with the pull-push piece movement locus well.Ratchet in said ratchet group or ratchet pair or the ratchet string can be typical acute angle tooth papillae wheel, it also can be the rectangular teeth ratchet, it can also be the involute teeth ratchet, be that involute gear is worked as ratchet usefulness, the tooth of ratchet can be manufactured the outer rim at wheel, also can manufacture on end face, it can be the full circle ratchet, it also can be the semicircle ratchet, can also be that central angle is 〉=47 ° a circular arc ratchet, ratchet can be that key connects or empty cover is installed on ratchet shaft or the power transmission shaft, also can be ratchet and nut consubstantiality, and nut is connected with screw spiral, be ratchet by nut support on screw rod, can also be the ratchet end face connects or riveted joint or be welded on the end face of poly-extinction body with bolt, ratchet shaft or power transmission shaft or screw rod two ends are installed on cabinet or the support with bearing, the main effect of ratchet is that big rotating ratio slows down, if the number of teeth of ratchet is Z, then to push away at every turn or draw ratchet all be only to rotate a tooth to pull-push piece, promptly only rotate the 1/Z circle, it is much simpler than the structure of gear reduction unit, its speed reducing ratio is similar to worm and gear, but process manyly than worm and gear is easy.Ratchet in said ratchet group or ratchet pair or the ratchet string can be straight pawl or hook or bilateral pawl or latch pawl or catch-hook or rub bar pawl or latch hook, straight pawl or hook and the engagement of acute angle tooth papillae wheel, itself and ratchet engaged end claw type are that the one side at acute angle, angle is that straight flange, another side are the circular arc limit, straight flange and ratchet flank engagement are the engagement limit, the circular arc limit contacts with tooth top and is the slip limit, straight pawl is for promoting ratchet, hook for spurring ratchet, its pawl is hinged on rocking bar or pull-push piece or the fork, and said fork is the fork in the ratchet string; Hinged or be slidingly connected on rocking bar or pull-push piece or the fork with the ratchet of rectangular teeth ratchet engaged, wherein hinged ratchet itself and ratchet engaged end claw type are that the one side at acute angle, angle is that straight flange, another side are interior concave arc limit, straight flange is and ratchet flank engagement limit, the circular arc limit contacts with tooth top and is the slip limit, this pawl generally is made into bilateral pawl, be symmetrical structure, two acute angles of symmetry are arranged, to upset, so this pawl is called bilateral pawl by motor drives ratchet positive and negative two; The ratchet that is slidingly connected with rocking bar or pull-push piece or fork is installed in the sliding tray and in sliding tray and slides, sliding tray is fixed on rocking bar or pull-push piece or the fork, it has two kinds with ratchet engaged end claw type: a kind of trapezoidal pawl for mixing with ratchet rectangular teeth between cog, its trapezoidal two waists can be respectively and the ratchet flank engagement, so this pawl must break away from ratchet when rocking bar or pull-push piece or fork reset, and when rocking bar or pull-push piece or fork feeding, must inject the hook tooth between cog, its clutch is by electromagnet and spring control, electromagnet gets when electric inhales ratchet from ratchet, during outage under spring compacting with ratchet engaged, so this pawl is called the latch pawl; Another kind is the triangle pawl, and one straight flange and ratchet flank engagement are the engagement limit, and another straight flange contacts with tooth top and is the slip limit, and this pawl not only can slide in sliding tray can also do 180 ° of rotations, so this pawl is called catch-hook; Said rub that the bar pawl is hinged by the other end of brake pad and ratchet, ratchet is hinged on rocking bar or pull-push piece or fork on, when ratchet turns clockwise, brake pad impels ratchet and ratchet engaged by leverage, when ratchet is rotated counterclockwise, brake pad impels ratchet to leave ratchet by leverage and crosses its tooth top, here suitable, be rotated counterclockwise just hypothesis, both can exchange, and this kind is called the bar pawl that rubs; Said latch hook is the ratchet with the involute teeth ratchet engaged, its claw type is an involute but slightly littler than involute gear teeth, the gap that is itself and involute teeth ratchet engaged is big slightly, and other features, connection, effect, principle etc. are all identical with the latch pawl, so this pawl is called latch hook.All ratchets that do not have to specify by gravity be installed in rocking bar or pull-push piece or fork on the spring force of spring ratchet is kept and ratchet engaged, its spring force can not be excessive, ratchet resets at and do not drag ratchet when sliding on the ratchet tooth top and be as the criterion; Except that latch pawl, latch hook and the bar pawl that rubs all ratchets in this way ratchet and ratchet engaged during feeding, all on the ratchet tooth top, slide i.e. the slip limit of ratchet and hook tooth top contact and slide when then resetting; In order to state conveniently, with bottom ratchet wheel pair, ratchet group, inversion scheme etc. all with the name nominating of ratchet, as hook ratchet pair: representing its ratchet is that hook, its ratchet are that the acute angle tooth papillae is taken turns.This shows, the each push-and-pull campaign of pull-push piece of load push-pull, the ratchet that the capital drives in ratchet group or the ratchet pair moves back and forth, by ratchet and ratchet flank engagement, promoting or spur ratchet rotates to an angle, it is tooth of ratchet rotation, when pull-push piece resets, ratchet breaks away from ratchet or slides on the ratchet tooth top, makes ratchet motionless, realized the intermittent rotation of ratchet; Because the each push-and-pull campaign of pull-push piece, ratchet all only rotates a tooth, so the main effect of ratchet group or ratchet pair is to realize big the commentaries on classics than deceleration, intermittent feeding, accurately transmission with simple structure.

Said ratchet string is by the transmission mechanism of multistage intermittent drive mechanism big retarding than transmission; Said multistage be two-stage or more than the two-stage, said intermittent drive mechanism can be ratchet or sheave or incomplete gear mechanism, ratchet is also is the most familiar intermittent drive mechanism of people typically, be the representative of intermittent drive mechanism, string is many meanings that link up into delegation, so the series connection of multistage intermittent drive mechanism is called the ratchet string, as ratchet group driving pawl group driving pawl group again; Ratchet string in the ratchet device is made up of secondary single-stage or the multistage ratchet or sheave or incomplete gear mechanism of driving of ratchet group or ratchet, and promptly the ratchet string first order is appointed as ratchet mechanism.Said Geneva mechanism is made up of dial and sheave, and wherein dial is that driving wheel, sheave are driven pulley, is made up of a round pin, one big section dome arc of outer cause and a bit of concave arc on the dial, and Z radial slot arranged on the sheave, and outer rim has Z section concave arc; When the concave arc of sheave is blocked by the dome arc of dial, the sheave transfixion, so the concave arc of sheave is called the locking arc, its effect is to allow round pin accurately aim at radial slot, when round pin just enters radial slot, dial dome arc and the interface point of concave arc just aim at the mid point of locking arc, it is released to be that the locking arc just begins, and after this round pin drives sheave rotation 1/Z circle, and round pin leaves radial slot, the locking arc is stuck again, the sheave transfixion, so repeating motion; Dial rotates ring recess wheel rotation 1/Z circle, stops when moving when sheave is, so Geneva mechanism is an intermittent drive mechanism.Said incomplete gear mechanism is to develop a kind of intermittent drive mechanism that forms by gear mechanism, be only do one or several tooth on its driving wheel, generally be a tooth in the ratchet string, so be referred to as single-tooth gear, and make the between cog that is meshed with the driving wheel gear teeth on the driven pulley, promptly driven pulley can be complete gear or the locking arc partial gear alternate with between cog; As only do a tooth on the driving wheel, this tooth is called monodentate in the following text, driven pulley has Z between cog, then driving wheel revolves the driven pulley rotation 1/Z circle that turns around, and stops when moving when promptly driven pulley is, so incomplete gear mechanism is an intermittent drive mechanism; Tracking means has the incomplete gear mechanism of brake can not establish the locking arc, otherwise should make the locking arc.Said ratchet string has a driving wheel and a driven pulley for every grade, tooth on all driven pulleys or groove all are equally distributed, and the driven pulley of afterbody is called the terminal wheel, and ratchet is a driven pulley in ratchet mechanism, ratchet is a driving link, and the wheel of drive ratchet motion is a driving wheel; The driven pulley of adjacent two-stage and driving wheel, be that the driven pulley of upper level and driving wheel at the corresponding levels can be coaxial disjunctor or consubstantiality, coaxial disjunctor is meant that both connect with key or bolt connects or riveted joint or be welded on the same axis, consubstantiality promptly is all one, be meant and be processed into both and both same axis on the same material, also can be that monodentate is fixedly connected on the driven pulley of upper level; Are ratchet mechanisms, fork can be slidingly connected on the driven pulley of upper level as the corresponding levels, promptly on installation one sliding axle, the sliding axle Rolling bearing or roller can be installed on the driven pulley of upper level, fork one end is opened a sliding tray, sliding axle or Rolling bearing or roller are installed in the sliding tray, during the rotation of the driven pulley of upper level, drive sliding axle or Rolling bearing or roller and in sliding tray, slide or rolls, thereby the drive fork is swung; Also can be that hinged fork guide pin bushing, fork are enclosed within the fork guide pin bushing and slidably on the driven pulley of upper level, when the driven pulley band of upper level the rotation of fork guide pin bushing, drive the fork swing; Rocking bar in said fork and the ratchet group, the rocking bar three in the linkage are with a kind of part, just obscure and in different mechanisms, play different titles in order not cause, its structure, effect, installation connection etc. are same as above, and the ratchet that ratchet and ratchet meshed that fork connected is also same as above.The main effect of ratchet string is to realize that with simple structure big retarding makes the amount of feeding minimize, make transmission more accurate than transmission, as ratchet group driving pawl group again the driving pawl group the ratchet string, if the number of teeth of three grades of ratchets all is Z, then the speed reducing ratio of this ratchet string be the cube of Z than one, i.e. first order driving wheel rotation Z ³Circle, third level ratchet just revolve and turn around; This shows, the available very short driving-chain of ratchet string realizes the very little amount of feeding, this be big retarding than the inevitable outcome of bringing, this lacks and follows the tracks of angle accurate technique problem and lay a good foundation for solving driving-chain.

Said circumferential ratchet device is rotation output ratchet device, be used for poly-extinction body thing rotation follows the tracks of more, its transmission accuracy can be divided into three grades of transmission accuracies: lower by ratchet group or the secondary transmission accuracy of forming of ratchet, placed in the middle by the transmission accuracy that ratchet mechanism driven wheel or worm-and-wheel gear are formed, higher by the transmission accuracy that the ratchet string is formed, they are applicable to the tracking of different accuracy respectively; Wherein ratchet mechanism with being connected of gear or worm-and-wheel gear can be: the coaxial disjunctor of first driving gear or the consubstantiality of the ratchet in the ratchet mechanism and gear mechanism, or the ratchet in the ratchet mechanism is coaxial with worm screw and be connected with key.Said tooth bar or screw rod or connecting rod ratchet device are line output ratchet device, and promptly its output is moving linearly (except the double-crank connecting rod ratchet device), and they are applicable to all motion modes of poly-extinction body; Line output ratchet device has many kinds of assembled schemes, can develop out multiple transmission accuracy, be applicable to different tracking accuracy requirements respectively.Said tooth bar ratchet device drives tooth bar by ratchet mechanism or ratchet string and forms, when wherein the ratchet of ratchet mechanism is the involute teeth ratchet or the terminal of ratchet string wheel can directly mesh the driving tooth bar during for gear, the terminal ratchet of the ratchet of ratchet mechanism or ratchet string or sheave can with coaxial disjunctor of a gear or consubstantiality, drive tooth bar by gears engaged, above involute teeth ratchet, extreme gear, coaxial disjunctor or consubstantiality gear are called gear one, can certainly add gear train after gear one and drive tooth bar by gear train; Tooth bar slides in guide rail, and guide rail is fixedly installed in cabinet or support.Said screw rod ratchet device is made up of ratchet mechanism or ratchet string drive nut, screw rod, terminal wheel and the coaxial disjunctor of nut or the consubstantiality of the ratchet of its ratchet mechanism or ratchet string, and the internal diameter that ratchet or terminal can be taken turns be made nut; Nut is connected with screw spiral, and nut is connected and installed in cabinet or support by bearing, the flexible rectilinear motion of drive screw during the nut rotation, and screw rod does not rotate with respect to support.Said connecting rod ratchet device is made up of ratchet string drive link mechanism, the linkage kind is numerous, can be on ratchet string terminal wheel articulated linkage, rod hinge connection pull bar, pull bar be contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet and forms, this kind is called the slide crank linkage, and it is driven pull bar reciprocating sliding in guide pin bushing and slided by terminal wheel rotation drivening rod, connecting rod; Also can be that pull bar one end is hinged on the terminal wheel, the other end is hinged on poly-extinction body or the framework, and the distance in hinge axle center is arrived less than gathering extinction body or the framework pivot distance to the hinge center in terminal wheel axle center, this kind is called double-crank mechanism, terminal when rotation wheel drive pull bar push-and-pull campaign, when pull bar is pushed ahead, poly-extinction body or framework just change, when pull bar pulls back, poly-extinction body or framework counter-rotating; Pull bar in the double-crank mechanism is actually connecting rod, so but be referred to as pull bar for the unification of output title.The ratchet string terminal of connecting rod ratchet device wheel revolve turn around, poly-extinction body or framework all rotating each once.Because the pull-push piece of load push-pull is to do that set a distance moves back and forth and the ratchet of ratchet mechanism and the tooth on all driven pulleys of ratchet string or groove all are equally distributed, so rotation output ratchet device output is to do to decide the corner motion, since the tooth pitch of tooth bar be equate everywhere, the helical pitch of screw rod be equate everywhere, terminal wheel axle center is a fixed number, is that throw of crankshaft is a fixed number to the distance in hinge axle center in the linkage, so line output ratchet device output is to make set a distance to move.

Be to solve the described technical problem of the application, the described auto-tracking sun device of the application's claim 4 is by poly-extinction body, controller, and is installed on the ratchet that motor, motor the connected row on the support, and is connected the driving member composition; Said being installed on contains on the support directly and is installed on the support indirectly, said ratchet row be by multistage intermittent drive mechanism big retarding than transmission, drive output and do decide the corner motion, or by multistage intermittent drive mechanism big retarding than transmission after continuously transmission mechanism, drive output and make the driver that set a distance moves; Can be circumference or tooth bar or screw rod or connecting rod ratchet row, wherein circumferential ratchet be classified rotation output ratchet row, tooth bar or screw rod as or the connecting rod ratchet is classified line output ratchet row as; Said circumferential ratchet is listed as by the ratchet string to be formed, and said tooth bar ratchet is listed as by ratchet string driving tooth bar to be formed, and said screw rod ratchet is listed as by ratchet string drive nut, screw rod to be formed; Said connecting rod ratchet is listed as by ratchet string drive link mechanism to be formed; Said poly-extinction body, connect driving member, intermittent drive mechanism, output, decide corner, equal identical with described in the claim 1 of continuous transmission mechanism, set a distance, identical with described in the claim 1 of the non-ratchet mechanism of being appointed as of the said ratchet string first order, other structures, principle, effect etc.Said circumferential ratchet row are the ratchet string, it is the non-ratchet mechanism of being appointed as of the ratchet string first order of ratchet row, if the first order is sheave or incomplete gear mechanism, its dial or single-tooth gear are connected on the motor reel with key, if the first order is a ratchet mechanism, then on motor reel, connect a flywheel, the flywheel fork that is slidingly connected, be slidingly connected, wheel action etc. is same as above with key; Said tooth bar and screw rod ratchet row are identical with tooth bar or the screw rod ratchet device that the ratchet string is driven, and the ratchet string first order is non-appointment ratchet mechanism herein certainly; Said connecting rod ratchet row are identical with connecting rod ratchet device, and just the ratchet string first order is non-appointment ratchet mechanism herein; Said rotation output ratchet row are meant that its output is the ratchet row that rotate, and said line output ratchet row are meant that its output is the ratchet row of moving linearly.Because motor is at the uniform velocity to rotate and tooth or groove that ratchet is listed as on all driven pulleys all are equally distributed, so rotation output ratchet row output is to do to decide the corner motion, since the tooth pitch of tooth bar be equate everywhere, the helical pitch of screw rod be equate everywhere, terminal wheel axle center is a fixed number, is that throw of crankshaft is a fixed number to the distance in hinge axle center in the linkage, so line output ratchet row output is to make set a distance to move.Because poly-extinction body running is very slow and since the output stroke of line output ratchet row or device to equate to gather the extinction body corner unequal, in order to improve tracking accuracy, ratchet is listed as should establish clutch; Clutch can be to be realized by the ratchet clutch ratchet in the magnet control ratchet mechanism, some ratchet carries electromagnet, can add electromagnet control as latch pawl, latch hook, catch-hook etc., the ratchet that does not carry electromagnet such as straight pawl, hook, and electromagnet is installed on the fork; Electromagnet outage when promptly poly-extinction body need turn round, under gravity or spring force effect the ratchet mesh ratchet gear, its spring force can not be excessive, ratchet resets at and do not drag ratchet when sliding on the ratchet tooth top and be as the criterion, electromagnet did not get and electric ratchet is inhaled from ratchet when poly-extinction body did not need to turn round, and played clutch action thus; Because ratchet tandem number is big more, speed is low more, so clutch preferably is located at the middle part or the final stage of ratchet string; If do not have ratchet mechanism in the ratchet row, can in the ratchet row, electromagnetic friction clutch be installed; Clutch is controlled by controller, its effect is the intermittence rotation that the continuous rotation of motor is become be controlled by the controller, thereby avoided the motor frequent starting, the output stroke that solves line output ratchet row or device equates and the poly-unequal technical problem of extinction body corner, improves tracking accuracy.The described auto-tracking sun device of the application's claim 4 is installed on the motor on the support and the clutch of ratchet row by controller control, and Motor Drive ratchet row, ratchet row connect and intermittently drive poly-extinction body rotation follows the tracks of the sun; Promptly by controller with the time be controlled to be main, with light sensing be controlled to be adjustments, accurately control is installed on the clutch that motor on the support and ratchet are listed as, Motor Drive ratchet row, through ratchet row big retarding than intermittently-driving, make ratchet row output decide the motion of corner or set a distance, through connecting the accurate transmission of driving member, drive poly-extinction body rotation and follow the tracks of the sun.Short, the simple in structure and transmission degree of accuracy height of ratchet row driving-chain, be specially adapted to bigger focusing poly-extinction body of optically focused and tower type solar boiler speculum etc., its tracking error can be controlled within a few tenths of a mm even reaches higher requirement, so the main effect of ratchet row is to make the amount of feeding minimize, make transmission more accurate with big retarding than transmission.Claim 4 and 1 overall plan difference part: at first be that essential characteristic is different, the actuating unit of claim 4 is simple, its actuating unit is a motor, and the actuating unit of claim 1 is a load push-pull, in the load push-pull except that simple, all the other the equal complexity of electromagnet load push-pull, so both essential characteristic differences; Next is the functional relationship difference: the one, and rotation drives intermittently-driving continuously, and the person intermittently back and forth drives intermittently-driving in addition; Moreover tracking accuracy scope difference: the former is narrower, latter's broad; Both are characterized as common technique: intermittent drive mechanism, specifically ratchet string.

Since North and South direction is the declination angle tracking be the poly-extinction body of requirement ± 23 ° 27 ' between rotate, and east-west direction to be solar hour angle follow the tracks of is that the poly-extinction body of requirement rotates between 150 ° to 210 ° every day, be to follow the tracks of every day 10 to 14 hours, therefore requiring poly-extinction body to rotate to a fixed point must reverse and reset, following the tracks of direction rotation of do, then 10 to 14 hours rotation will be arranged as east-west direction is to waste energy, and therefore requires tracking means should be able to realize that the rotating conversion solves above problem.Said rotating conversion, can in ratchet mechanism, realize: can be when controller sends reverse signal: get electric ratchet is inhaled from rub its brake of device of bar pawl of ratchet or employing and get electric take-off the brake by being installed in electromagnet on rocking bar or pull-push piece or the fork, be saucerspring or pulley counter weight device, reset fast at ratchet end face or poly-extinction body end face installation disc spring by the poly-extinction body counter-rotating of potential energy (elastic force or gravity) driving, this scheme must be established an elasticity link stopper or a limit switch at the initial point place of poly-extinction body, and this scheme is applicable to the east-west direction tracking.Also can be to adopt rectangular teeth ratchet engaged latch pawl or involute teeth ratchet engaged latch hook, because poly-extinction body when just changeing is: latch pawl or tooth and ratchet engaged during feeding, latch pawl or tooth break away from ratchet when resetting, said feeding is meant that pull-push piece feeding or fork swing forward, said resetting is meant that pull-push piece resets or fork is swung backward, for stating conveniently, below three schemes also as agreement, when promptly poly-extinction body is just changeing: ratchet and ratchet engaged during feeding, ratchet all slides on the ratchet tooth top when then resetting, so when controller sends reverse signal, controller changes the control circuit of electromagnet, electromagnet gets plug pawl or tooth disengaging ratchet when making feeding, electromagnet outage latch pawl or tooth and ratchet engaged when resetting make poly-extinction body realize counter-rotating; Can also be to adopt rectangular teeth ratchet engaged catch-hook, when controller sends reverse signal, get and electric ratchet inhaled from ratchet and by motor drives catch-hook Rotate 180 ° by being installed in electromagnet on rocking bar or pull-push piece or the fork, when making feeding catch-hook on the ratchet tooth top, slide, catch-hook and ratchet engaged when resetting, make poly-extinction body realize counter-rotating; Can also be to adopt the bilateral pawl of rectangular teeth ratchet engaged, when controller sends reverse signal, by the bilateral pawl counter-rotating of motor drives, when making feeding bilateral pawl on the ratchet tooth top, slide, bilateral pawl and ratchet engaged when resetting, make poly-extinction body realize counter-rotating, bilateral pawl keeps in touch ratchet and ratchet by gravity and does not need spring; Can also be to adopt positive and negative pair of pawl of rectangular teeth ratchet engaged, i.e. hinged or one positive one anti-two ratchets that are slidingly connected on rocking bar or pull-push piece or fork, respectively by two magnet control that are installed on rocking bar or pull-push piece or the fork, when poly-extinction body is just changeing, controller just changeing the electromagnet ratchet that will reverse to electricity and picking up, by just changeing ratchet and ratchet engaged or on the ratchet tooth top, sliding, during poly-extinction body counter-rotating, controller will just change ratchet for electricity counter-rotating electromagnet and picks up, by counter-rotating ratchet and ratchet engaged or on the ratchet tooth top, slide, realize rotating conversion thus.Owing to so scheme, its poly-extinction body rotating speed of above employing rectangular teeth or involute teeth ratchet equates to be applicable to the North and South direction tracking; As load push-pull is connecting rod or cam load push-pull, what can utilize its pull bar back and forth is these characteristics of continuous motion, make poly-extinction body that east-west direction follows the tracks of fast counter-rotating reset, as adopt one of above catch-hook, bilateral pawl, positive and negative pair of pawl inversion scheme and in whole Umklapp process its clutch mesh continuously, make the continuous push-and-pull of its pull bar, make poly-extinction body fast counter-rotating reset.Ratchet row tracking means is done the rotating of North and South direction tracking and is changed, can control motor rotating realization by controller; If do not have ratchet mechanism in the ratchet row and when following the tracks of for east-west direction, can be to unclamp simultaneously by controller solenoidoperated cluthes and brake, be that clutch outage, brake get, disc spring or pulley counter weight device are installed, are resetted fast by the poly-extinction body counter-rotating of potential energy (elastic force or gravity) driving at poly-extinction body end face, this scheme must be established an elasticity link stopper at the initial point place of poly-extinction body.Can also be in other transmission mechanisms, to realize the rotating conversion: as tooth bar ratchet device or row, can be by gear one engagement just commentaries on classics gear two and counter gear three, gear three engagement counter gears four, but gear two and gear four each comfortable its axles are gone up and are slided and the difference pinion rack, they are pinion rack simultaneously, and they pass through magnet control with the engagement of tooth bar with separating by controller; When controller sends positive rotaring signal, just change gear two pinion racks, thus gear one driven gear two drive tooth bars forward linear advancement, promote poly-extinction body and just change; When controller sends reverse signal, counter gear four pinion racks, thereby the rotation of gear one driven gear three driven gears four, counter gear 4 wheel driven carry-over bar straight line backward resets, spur poly-extinction body counter-rotating, realizes rotating conversion thus.As connecting rod ratchet device or row, can make ratchet string terminal wheel axle center half of its pull bar and the unidirectional stroke of poly-extinction body tie point when the distance in the hinge axle center of its articulated linkage equals poly-extinction body and rotates, or make terminal wheel axle center half of its pull bar and the unidirectional stroke of poly-extinction body tie point when the distance in the hinge axle center of its hinged pull bar equals poly-extinction body and rotates, when then pull bar is pushed ahead, poly-extinction body just changes, when pull bar pulls back, the counter-rotating of poly-extinction body, promptly the terminal wheel revolve turn around, poly-extinction body rotating each once.

Because wind-force can blow poly-extinction body, exert an influence to following the tracks of angle, so require tracking means should have self-locking or braking function when wind-force was big; Because poly-extinction body forward or reverse all is subjected to the driving and the duration of runs of enough big driving force when resetting shorter, the wind-force direction can not exert an influence when opposite with poly-extinction body rotation direction, and direction when identical windage also less, so the braking when stop when only examining the filter ratchet and resetting and poly-extinction body stop the rotation; Promptly can on ratchet device or row or poly-extinction body, brake be installed, brake can be to use the electromagnet-friction brake, be controlled by controller, when poly-extinction body is subjected to the driving of driving force and rotates, brake gets electric unclamping, when poly-extinction body stops the rotation, when containing ratchet and resetting, the controller brake power supply that breaks, its spring drives brake block at once and brakes; Brake also can be that ratchet device or row adopt the rectangular teeth ratchet, a latch pawl is installed on cabinet or support, its pawl is controlled its clutch by the electromagnet and the spring of controller control, when poly-extinction body be subjected to the driving of driving force and when rotating, the latch electromagnet gets the plug pawl and breaks away from ratchet, when poly-extinction body stops the rotation, when containing ratchet and resetting, the disconnected power down source of controller, brake thereby the latch pawl inserts the hook tooth between cog under the effect of spring force; When if tracking means is screw rod ratchet device or row, because of nut is connected with screw spiral, and spiral is connected with self-locking performance, be that lead angle when being less than or equal to angle of friction, screw axial all can not be rotated by drive nut by the effect of much power, screw rod, the screw mechanism that is the application has auto-lock function, need not to install brake.

Said poly-extinction body is can directly absorb solar energy or absorb solar energy or solar energy reflection or transmission are transferred to the material of other extinction bodies behind reflection or transmission focusing; As be used to absorb photovoltaic battery panel, solar cooker, the flat plate collector of solar energy, and for example parabolic mirror, hemisphere face speculum, flat reflective mirror, compound parabolic mirror, composite mirrors, Fresnel lens, the Fresnel reflecting mirror of reflection or transmission solar energy all belong to poly-extinction body.Because being bearing in poly-extinction body on the support must rotate and follow the tracks of the sun and could high efficiency utilize solar energy, so its poly-extinction body of the application's tracking means adopts following connected mode with being connected of support: a kind of connected mode respectively is connected in power transmission shaft for the symmetrical two ends of poly-extinction body, power transmission shaft is bearing on the support of both sides by the bearing connection, poly-extinction body is around the axis rotation of power transmission shaft, this kind connected mode is used for east-west direction more and follows the tracks of, so abbreviating thing as spins, it is specially adapted to the tracking of the poly-extinction body series connection of a plurality of line focus, and the poly-extinction body that thing spins can drive with the tracking means of the arbitrary scheme among the application; A kind of connected mode is the opaco center articulated stand of poly-extinction body, its support is a single upright column, or for gathering the opaco centerline articulated stand of extinction body, its support is two or arranges in a line with upper pillar stand, many root posts, poly-extinction body is moving around its center string pendulum, this kind connected mode is used for North and South direction more and follows the tracks of, so it is hinged that kind abbreviates north and south as, it is specially adapted to poly-extinction body is the tracking that need not the composite reflector of east-west direction tracking, and the hinged poly-extinction body in north and south can be exported ratchet device or row driving by line; A kind of connected mode is that support is divided into framework, column two partly, the symmetrical two ends of poly-extinction body respectively are connected in power transmission shaft, power transmission shaft is bearing on the framework by the bearing connection, can connect by a plurality of poly-extinction body connection in series-parallel and be bearing on the framework, by connecting driving member a plurality of poly-extinction bodies are connected the back centralized driving, the hinged single upright column in opaco center of its framework, or hinged two or of the opaco centerline of framework with upper pillar stand, many root posts are arranged in a line, its poly-extinction body can be around the axis rotation of power transmission shaft, by the rotation or line output ratchet device or the row driving that are installed on the framework, simultaneously can be with the center line swing of framework around framework, can be by being installed on line output ratchet device or the row driving framework swing on the column and realizing, this kind connected mode can be carried out four corners of the world four direction simultaneously and be followed the tracks of, it is hinged to abbreviate the four directions as, and it is specially adapted to the series-parallel square formation of a plurality of poly-extinction bodies and follows the tracks of; A kind of connected mode is that support is divided into framework, column two partly, the symmetrical two ends of poly-extinction body respectively are connected in power transmission shaft, power transmission shaft is bearing on the framework by the bearing connection, can connect by a plurality of poly-extinction body connection in series-parallel and be bearing on the framework, by connecting driving member a plurality of poly-extinction bodies are connected the back centralized driving, the output of each connecting line output ratchet device of the north and south end of its framework or row, line output ratchet device or row connect column, make the center line swing of framework by moving up and down of output around framework, this moment, the line output ratchet device or the contigency of north and south end were moving, the other end moved downward when promptly an end moved upward, poly-simultaneously extinction body can be around the axis rotation of power transmission shaft, by the rotation or line output ratchet device or the row driving that are installed on the framework, this kind connected mode can be carried out four corners of the world four direction simultaneously and be followed the tracks of, abbreviate quartet connection as, it is shorter that it is specially adapted to framework north and south end, poly-extinction body parallel connection, and because the tracking at frame stiffness problem column inconvenience connecting frame middle part; A kind of connected mode connects single upright column for the opaco center of poly-extinction body by spherical bearing, east-west direction and North and South direction are respectively installed the tracking means of or two lines of symmetry output ratchet devices or row, if two tracking means of symmetry are installed must link, i.e. another withdrawal when stretching out, stretching motion by output makes poly-extinction body around its center swing, realize four corners of the world four direction tracking, abbreviate fast clear out as and connect, it is specially adapted to the tracking of poly-extinction body of point focusing dish formula such as sun stove etc. and the square formation of a plurality of poly-extinction body different azimuth is followed the tracks of, tracking as tower type solar boiler speculum.In sum: poly-extinction body motion mainly contains dual mode, a kind of is that the symmetrical two ends of gathering extinction body respectively are connected in power transmission shaft, poly-extinction body is around the axis rotation of power transmission shaft, this kind mode is used for east-west direction more and follows the tracks of, so abbreviate the thing rotation as, a kind of is the opaco centerline connection column of poly-extinction body or framework, and poly-extinction body or framework are moving around its center string pendulum, so abbreviate the center swing as.The above five kinds of connected mode respectively has its scope of application, can be described as to combine the main mode that all the poly-extinction body supportings of existing sun tracker connect, and the application's tracking means is applied widely thus.

Be connected driving member between the output that said connection driving member is meant ratchet device or row and the poly-extinction body, output is done rotation or two kinds of motions of straight line, the output of rotation output ratchet device or row can directly connect poly-extinction body, as poly-extinction body is the thing rotation, can be that output connects its power transmission shaft with key, the ratchet device or the row that promptly are installed on support or the cabinet drive output, output by the poly-extinction body rotation of power transmission shaft drive; Also can be output connects or riveted joint or be welded on the poly-extinction body end face with bolt, and output directly drives poly-extinction body rotation, and more than connection is called fixedly connectedly, is characterized in driving-chain weak point, no gap; During a plurality of in this way poly-extinction body connection in series-parallel, can be earlier with a plurality of poly-extinction body socket series connection of vertical pole with same axis, on the end face of each first poly-extinction body of axis, adorn a sprocket wheel or profile of tooth belt wheel, on output, also adorn a sprocket wheel or profile of tooth belt wheel, connect with a chain or cog belt poly-extinction body, drive all poly-extinction bodies by output and do rotation synchronously output and same end face; During a plurality of poly-extinction body connection in series-parallel of many in this way groups, output connects a longitudinal axis with key, every group a sprocket wheel or profile of tooth belt wheel are installed on the longitudinal axis, the every group of poly-extinction body that will organize same end face with a chain or cog belt connects, by output drive the longitudinal axis, the longitudinal axis drives all poly-extinction bodies rotations; This kind is connected to the interlock of chain or cog belt, is called tooth and connects, is characterized in that tooth connects is connected no skidding with respect to flat rubber belting with the pulley rope, so transmission is relatively accurate, is applicable to the parallel but not connection in series-parallel on a plane of each axis.As the supporting bracket of poly-extinction body or framework is two or with the center swing of upper pillar stand, can be mounted in rotation output ratchet device on the column or row, its output is installed in poly-extinction body or framework one end and its rotation and overlaps with the rotation of poly-extinction body or framework, gathers extinction body or framework rotary oscillation by the output driving.Because the output of rotation output ratchet device or row is to do decide the corner rotation, and be fixedly connected with poly-extinction body or tooth is connected or is rigidly connected, decide corner and rotate so the poly-extinction body of its driving also is a work.

For solving the described technical problem of the application, the described connection transmission mechanism of the application's claim 5 is made up of poly-extinction body, hinge, parallel rod; Said connection transmission mechanism is that parallel linkage is with the hinged parallel connection of a plurality of parallel poly-extinction body with parallel rod, when being a plurality of parallel poly-extinction body connection in series-parallel, with a plurality of poly-extinction body socket series connection of vertical pole with same axis, with parallel rod with the hinged parallel connection of a plurality of parallel poly-extinction body, promptly at the bottom-hinged parallel rod of first poly-extinction body end face of each axis of same end face, ratchet device or row are exported in rotation in this way, the output axis is installed is parallel to poly-each axis of extinction body, the hinged output end face of parallel rod drives all poly-extinction bodies by output and does rotation synchronously; Line is exported ratchet device or row in this way, and the hinged push rod in output termination, the hinged parallel rod of push rod drive all poly-extinction bodies by output and do rotation synchronously; The link gear of this kind connection such as train wheel, its formal name used at school are parallelogram linkage, so its connecting rod is called parallel rod, its mechanism is called for short parallel linkage; Said socket is that small end is enclosed within the big end, can endwisely slips each other in case expand with heat and contract with cold, and vertical pole is installed in the extreme higher position of poly-extinction body; Said bottom is meant opaco extreme lower position on the poly-extinction body normal, normal is for being normal perpendicular to poly-extinction body and through the line in axle center, as being the bottom that normal, normal and picture frame crosspoint are parabolic mirror perpendicular to parabolic mirror opening line and through the line in axle center, a fixedly connected cross bar on the flat plate collector opaco normal and for example, the least significant end of cross bar is the bottom of flat plate collector; Said parallel rod is with hollow shaped steel such as manufacturings such as square steel, pipe, the parallel rod termination connects cooling water tank, circulates in the parallel rod cavity with cooling medium and cool off connecting rod with flexible pipe, said cooling medium can be water, wet goods liquid, and the cooling water of q.s is housed in the said cooling water tank; Or with the parallel rod cavity be pumped into high vacuum and a small amount of pentane of filling as phase-change working substance, with heat pipe principle with connecting rod constant temperature, angle is followed the tracks of in influence in case parallel rod expands with heat and contract with cold.Parallel rod is to be rigidly connected, and the band thermostat, so transmission is accurate; Be applicable to the parallel and connection in series-parallel on a plane of each axis, it has omitted numerous trackers, so simple in structure.Because connector was directly, bends variation when tooth was connected to soft connection, driving force size variation, influence the accuracy of transmission, be rigidly connected and then do not have this phenomenon, so parallel rod connect not only connect than tooth how simply and transmission is more accurate, driving-chain is short, simple in structure and transmission accurately is the technical problem underlying that the application will solve thus, also is the technical problem underlying that parallel linkage will solve and can solve.

Because the output of line output ratchet device or row is moving linearlies, and poly-extinction body or framework are to rotate, so both preferably are slidingly connected or are hinged by middleware, can be that the hinged slide block in output termination, slide block slide in sliding tray, or the output termination install a sliding axle, the axle on roller or roll sleeve can be installed, sliding axle or roller or roll sleeve slide in sliding tray or roll, and sliding tray is fixedly connected on the opaco of poly-extinction body or framework; Said sliding tray is groove, be that sliding part can promote and can spur sliding tray, sliding part and only does to slide or roll, and sliding tray be along perpendicular to poly-extinction body or the installation of framework rotation direction.Also can be that the hinged push rod in output termination, push rod are hinged on the end face middle part or opaco of poly-extinction body or framework; No matter be slidingly connected or hinged, the direction of output push-pull effort will and not intersect with it perpendicular to poly-extinction body or framework rotation, and said middle part is that half of axis arrived in the bottom.Be slidingly connected or hinged be to be rigidly connected, be characterized in rectilinear motion become and rotatablely move, it both had been applicable to the thing rotation, was applicable to the center swing again.The output of line output ratchet row or device be make the set a distance rectilinear motion, be that each movement travel equates, and the poly-extinction body corner that it drove is unequal, being slidingly connected is that both tie points corner when poly-extinction body axis is near is little when big, far away, and hinged is that the angle hour poly-extinction body corner of output and push rod is big, corner was little when angle was big.Chain device gets rusty because meeting wet by the rain and burnt by the sun makes, cog belt is aging, and dust can be accelerated the chain device wearing and tearing, thus should add protective cover on the tooth jockey, with the anti-Exposure to Sunlight of rain-proof dust-proof.

Learnt by the above: the characteristics of circumferential ratchet device or row are: simple in structure, the poly-extinction body that is driven is to do to decide the corner rotation, is specially adapted to the thing rotation and follows the tracks of; The characteristics of tooth bar ratchet device or row are: tooth bar is that face contacts and contact-making surface is big, good rigidly with guide rail, is applicable to the supporting transmission of framework; The characteristics of screw rod ratchet device or row are: speed reducing ratio is big, has auto-lock function, can omit brake apparatus and shorten driving-chain; The characteristics of connecting rod ratchet device or row are: its terminal wheel revolve turn around, poly-extinction body or framework all rotating each once, these characteristics can be omitted inversion set; Its rotation, line are exported both and are had concurrently, and purposes is wide.

Said controller is the controller that microcomputers such as single-chip microcomputer or programmable PLC or chip are housed, and also can be strong power controller; Because the earth with respect to the running of the sun not only slowly but also continuous, and solar radiation is to cut in and out, so the controller that the application's tracking means uses is controlled to be the master with the time, the continuous running of the reply sun, block the solar time to solve cloud, sensor sensing makes the long-time problem of pausing of poly-extinction body less than light, be controlled to be adjustment with the induction of sensor light, to improve the accuracy of following the tracks of, also solution is changed according to the season as the summer in winter of declination angle tracking and is turned to problem, the output stroke that solves line output ratchet device or row equates and the poly-unequal problem of extinction body corner, it is ratchet device or to be listed as each amount of feeding very little, be that the amount of feeding minimizes, as sensor sensing to following the tracks of feeding once more when not in place, before poly-extinction body does not arrive the counter-rotating reduction point, only adjust forward, nonreversible; Rotation output ratchet device or row tracking means can not adjust control, promptly get final product with the clock chip controls.

Because ratchet string etc. is the multiaxis transmission, should establish cabinet for the ease of making and install tracking means: can be that load push-pull, ratchet device share a cabinet, also can be load push-pull, ratchet device each use a cabinet, ratchet to be listed as cabinet of general independent usefulness separately, cabinet should be convenient to maintenance and heat radiation; Connecting driving member protects with protective cover separately.Cabinet plays fixedly tracking means, can adorn the effect of oil lubrication rotating part, and can play the anti-solarization of rain-proof dust-proof.

The application's auto-tracking sun device precisely controls, adopts load push-pull set a distance at intermittence by controller or motor at the uniform velocity drives, compare intermittently-driving through ratchet device or ratchet row big retarding, drive output and decide corner or the motion of the little amount of feeding of set a distance ground, the sun is followed the tracks of in parallel rod through having anti-heat expansion shrinkage or fixedly connected accurate transmission, the poly-extinction body rotation of driving, when poly-extinction body stops the rotation, adopt the brake braking or utilize the anti-wind-force influence of auto-lock function of screw rod to follow the tracks of angle and guarantee the unanimity of each amount of feeding, it is accurate to follow the tracks of angle thus; Employing driving at intermittence or transmission, the intermittent drive mechanism that speed reducing ratio is big, the parallel rod interlock, driving-chain is short, simple and reliable for structure thus; Has the different combination in other words conj.or perhaps of last million evolution scheme: enumerated multiple different poly-extinction body load push-pull, transmission speed reducing ratio disparity range big multiple ratchet device or the row different with support connected mode, driving force size and characteristics, multiple connection driving member, applied widely thus; With cabinet or the anti-Exposure to Sunlight of protective cover rain-proof dust-proof.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a speculum supporting front view.Fig. 2 is a speculum support side view.

Fig. 3 is a speculum square formation schematic diagram.Fig. 4 is circumferential ratchet device transmission principle figure.

Fig. 5 is a cam load push-pull schematic diagram.Fig. 6 is tower type solar boiler speculum square formation figure.

Fig. 7 is speculum supporting signal.Fig. 8 is screw rod ratchet row schematic diagrams.

Fig. 9 is a ratchet string schematic diagram.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the application is described further.

First embodiment is the embodiment that the solar boiler parabolic mirror is followed the tracks of the sun.Fig. 1 is a speculum supporting front view.Fig. 2 is a speculum support side view.An endothermic tube 9 is installed at the focal line place of parabolic mirror 1 (following abbreviation speculum), is connected to after endothermic tube 9 connection in series-parallel with hot heat exchange place; Speculum 1 is by panel 11, picture frame 2, stay bolt bar 3, bush seat 4, flange 5, vertical pole 6 is formed, panel 11 usefulness picture frames 2 are fixing, vertical pole 6 is integrally welded with picture frame 2, picture frame 2 connects bush seat 4 by stay bolt bar 3, one bearing shell is arranged in the bush seat 4, be installed on the sleeve 10, bush seat 4, bearing shell, be up-down structure, pair of flanges 5 is arranged on the bush seat 4, on the flange 5 screw hole is arranged, last lower tile mounting base sheet bolted, sleeve 10 is welded on the support 7, be that speculum 1 symmetrical two ends respectively connect sleeve 10, and both sides sleeve 10 is welded on the both sides support 7 separately, and endothermic tube 9 is enclosed within the sleeve 10; The axis of sleeve 10 and endothermic tube 9 axis and speculum 1 focal line are collinear, and speculum 1 can rotate around its axis.The weight of speculum 1 axis bottom equals the weight on top, makes speculum 1 keep static balance with respect to axis, to reduce driving torque; Polylith speculum 1 usefulness vertical pole 6 sockets of same axis are connected into one, with parallel rod 8 with a plurality of parallel mirror 1 hinged parallel connections, promptly one hinge is installed in the bottom of first speculum 1 end face of each axis of same end face, hinge is made up of round pin 12, guide 13, key seat 14, bottom, key seat 14 that its guide 13 is welded in picture frame 2 are welded on the parallel rod 8, guide 13 connects into hinge by round pin 12 and key seat 14, round pin 12 is movingly with guide 13 and key seat 14, and parallel rod 8 is hinged and be unified into a unit with a plurality of speculum 1 thus.Fig. 3 is a speculum square formation schematic diagram.Said socket is that small end is enclosed within the big end, can endwisely slips each other in case expand with heat and contract with cold, and vertical pole 6 is installed in the extreme higher position of speculum 1; Said bottom is meant opaco extreme lower position on speculum 1 normal, is the bottom that normal, normal and picture frame 2 crosspoints are speculum 1 perpendicular to speculum 1 opening line and through the line in axle center promptly; The square steel manufacturing that parallel rod 8 usefulness are hollow, one end termination connects the cooling water that q.s is housed in cooling water tank 15, the cooling water tank with flexible pipe 16, with cooling water Natural Circulation cooling in parallel rod 8 cavitys, in case expanding with heat and contract with cold, parallel rod 8 influences the lighting angle of speculum 1, the output of the hinged circumferential ratchet device 17 of the other end: ratchet 3 19 end faces, circumferential ratchet device 17 ratchets 3 19 axis are installed are parallel to speculum 1 each axis, and parallel rod 8 equates to the distance of each axis, drives all speculums 1 by ratchet 3 19 and does rotation synchronously.Because parallel rod is to be rigidly connected, and the band thermostat, round pin 12 is very little with the fit clearance of guide 13 and key seat 14, adds that the thrust of following the tracks of 8 pairs of speculums 1 of solar time parallel rod is a direction all the time, so the parallel rod transmission is accurate.

Fig. 4 is circumferential ratchet device transmission principle figure.Because the optically focused of speculum 1 is bigger, requires east-west direction precisely to follow the tracks of, so adopt the circumferential ratchet device of forming by three grades of ratchet strings 17 to drive speculum 1; Three grades of ratchet strings all adopt the ratchet group, it is ratchet group driving pawl group driving pawl group again, the swing rod structure of three grades of ratchet groups and installation are all the same, promptly all open a sliding tray 23 at fork one end, (for stating conveniently, the part of all same structures indicates with same icon, the follow-up sign of place progression, as the sliding tray of three grades of sliding tray 23 expressions, and sliding tray 23-2 represents second level sliding tray), other end sky overlaps or is installed on the ratchet shaft 18 with bearing; Three grades of ratchets all are straight pawls, itself and ratchet engaged end claw type are that the one side at acute angle, angle is that straight flange, another side are the circular arc limit, straight flange and ratchet flank engagement promote ratchet and are the engagement limit, the circular arc limit contacts with tooth top and is the slip limit, I and II ratchet 26 claw types are identical, and all by the spring force of spring 27 ratchet 26 is kept and ratchet 28 engagements, its spring force can not be excessive, ratchet 26 resets at and do not drag ratchet 28 when sliding on ratchet 28 tooth tops and be as the criterion, and ratchet is hinged on the fork 22; I and II is typical acute angle tooth papillae wheel 28, the third level: ratchet 3 19 is the rectangular teeth ratchet, and the number of teeth of establishing three grades of ratchets is respectively Z ₁, Z ₂, Z ₃, ratchet with key be mounted on the ratchet shaft 18, ratchet shaft 18 two ends are installed on the cabinet with bearing.On the sliding axle 24 of cam load push-pull pull bar 29 1 ends installation sliding axle 24-1, three grades of ratchet groups Rolling bearing or roller can be installed, sliding axle 24-1 is installed in the sliding tray 23-1 of first order fork 22-1, and first order fork 22-1 goes up hinged ratchet 26-1 mesh ratchet gear 28-1; First order ratchet 28-1 goes up sliding axle 24-2 is installed, and sliding axle 24-2 is installed in the sliding tray 23-2 of second level fork 22-2, and second level fork 22-2 goes up hinged ratchet 26-2 engagement second level ratchet 28-2; Second level ratchet 28-2 goes up installation sliding axle 24-3, sliding axle 24-3 and is installed in the sliding tray 23-3 of third level fork 22-3, third level fork 22-3 goes up hinged one positive one anti-two ratchets, and two electromagnet are installed, just changeing electromagnet 35 corresponding counter-rotating ratchets 36, counter-rotating electromagnet 21 correspondences are just being changeed ratchet 20, by just changeing ratchet 20 or counter-rotating ratchet 36 and ratchet 3 19 engagements or on ratchet 3 19 tooth tops, sliding, the forward and backward ratchet is mesh ratchet gear 3 19 simultaneously, ratchet 3 19 hinged parallel rods 8.When pull bar 29 drive sliding axle 24-1 do set a distance reciprocating sliding campaign, sliding axle 24-1 slides in the sliding tray 23-1 of fork 22-1, thereby drive fork 22-1 reciprocally swinging, fork 22-1 turns left when swinging, fork 22-1 goes up hinged ratchet 26-1 mesh ratchet gear 28-1, thereby driving pawl 28-1 is rotated counterclockwise; When fork 22-1 turn right when swing, ratchet 26-1 slides on ratchet 28-1 tooth top, ratchet 28-1 is motionless; Pull bar 29 every reciprocating slidings once, ratchet 28-1 rotates a tooth.Ratchet 28-1 rotation drives fork 22-2 swing, and 28-2 is rotated counterclockwise by ratchet 26-2 driving pawl, and ratchet 28-2 rotation drives fork 22-3 swing, and by

ratchet

20 or 3 19 rotations of 36 driving pawls, the motion principle of three grades of ratchet groups is identical.When speculum 1 is just changeing, controller just changeing will reverse ratchet 36 of electromagnet 35 to electricity and inhaling from ratchet 3 19, meshing with ratchet 3 19 under the gravity effect or on ratchet 3 19 tooth tops, sliding by just changeing ratchet 20, when speculum 1 counter-rotating, controller will just change ratchet 20 for electricity counter-rotating electromagnet 21 to inhale from ratchet 3 19, meshing with ratchet 3 19 under the gravity effect or on ratchet 3 19 tooth tops, sliding, realize the rotating conversion by counter-rotating ratchet 36 thus.Brake 37 is installed on ratchet 3 19, and promptly brake 37 is fixed on the cabinet and connects ratchet 3 19 by brake block, and brake 37 is electromagnet-friction brakes, is controlled by controller.On ratchet 28-2, be drilled with an aperture 25 and one group of light source and photodiode inductor respectively be installed at respective apertures 25 rotating diameter left-right symmetry points; Speculum 1 is followed the tracks of the solar time, after the right group inductor is sensed light and clutch 39 when electric, sliding axle 24-3 on ratchet 28-2 half-turn and clutch 39 when electric, brake 37 gets electric unclamping, after left side group inductor is sensed light, be that sliding axle 24-3 is when the lower branch of ratchet 28-2, and sliding axle 24-3 is on ratchet 28-2 during 39 outages of half-turn but clutch, controller brake 37 power supplys that break, its spring drives brake block at once and brakes, and prevents windage tracking angle thus.

Fig. 5 is a cam load push-pull schematic diagram.The cam load push-pull is made up of motor 41, flywheel 40, clutch 39, cam mechanism.The cam 33 of cam mechanism by bearing be installed on the power transmission shaft 38, cam 33 end faces have a convex annular race 34, pull bar 29 be contained in the guide pin bushing 30 and slidably, guide pin bushing 30 is fixed in cabinet, pull bar 29 axis and power transmission shaft 38 axis are on same plane and orthogonal, installation roller 32, roller 32 are contained in 34 li of cam paths and can roll pull bar 29 other ends installation sliding axle 24-1, connection fork 22-1 along cam path on pull bar 29 1 ends connection roller bearing 31, the roller bearing 31; Cam 33 1 end faces connect the driven disc of clutch 39, the driven disc that is cam 33 and clutch 39 is connected power transmission shaft 38 and be can't help power transmission shaft 38 drivings by bearing, the rotating plate of clutch 39 and flywheel 40 usefulness keys connect power transmission shaft 38, and clutch 39 and flywheel 40 can be adjacent and adorn, also can be separated by motor 41 and adorn; Clutch 39 is electromagnetic friction clutch, thereby by controller control, give electricity when controller and drive 33 rotations of driven disc driving cam in rotating plate, the rotating plate that magnetizing coil, the clutch 39 of clutch 39 just meshes, makes power transmission shaft 38 to drive clutches 39, controller breaks, and the rotating plate of clutch 39 power supplys, clutch 39 separates with driven disc, cam 33 stops the rotation; The effect of clutch 39 is to make the continuous rotation of motor 41 become intermittent rotation, thereby has avoided motor 41 frequent startings, and the effect of flywheel 40 is to utilize inertia to store moment of torsion; Power transmission shaft 38 connects motor 41, and promptly the turning cylinder of motor 41 and power transmission shaft 38 are one, and motor 41 is installed on the pedestal.After speculum 1 began to follow the tracks of the sun, 41 rotations of controller actuating motor were also just being changeed electromagnet 35 for electricity and will be reversed ratchet 36 suctions from ratchet 3 19, and motor 41 drives flywheels 40, clutch 39 rotations; Controller with the time be controlled to be main, be controlled to be adjustments, accurately solenoidoperated cluthes 39 engagements with light sensing, controller meshes clutch 39 for electric clutch 39, clutch 39 driving cams 33 rotate a circle; Cam 33 rotation makes roller 32 roll, make after pull bar 29 reciprocating sliding in guide pin bushing 30 slides once along cam path 34, controller break clutch 39, brake 37 power supplys, clutch 39 separates, brake 37 is braked ratchet 3 19, parallel rod 8, all stop motions of speculum 1 simultaneously; Pull bar 29 reciprocating sliding campaigns, drive fork 22-1 reciprocally swinging, thereby be rotated counterclockwise by ratchet 26-1 driving pawl 28-1 by sliding axle 24-1; Ratchet 28-1 revolves and turns around, passes through sliding axle 24-2 driving fork 22-2 reciprocally swinging once, 28-2 is rotated counterclockwise a tooth by ratchet 26-2 driving pawl, ratchet 28-2 revolves and turns around, passes through sliding axle 24-3 driving fork 22-3 reciprocally swinging once, be rotated counterclockwise a tooth by ratchet 20 driving pawls 3 19, drive all speculums 1 by parallel rod 8 and be rotated counterclockwise synchronously, realized the precisely tracking sun of speculum 1 thus.When speculum 1 runs to the tracking stop, controller sends reverse signal, controller is given electric clutch 39 and brake 37 continuously, and will just change ratchet 20 for electricity counter-rotating electromagnet 21 and inhale from ratchet 3 19, clutch 39 engagements and driving cam 33 rotate continuously, make pull bar 29 continuous reciprocating sliding campaigns, turn clockwise by counter-rotating ratchet 36 driving pawls 3 19, speculum 1 beginning counter-rotating fast resets, rotate to the tracking initial point until speculum 1, the disconnected simultaneously power down motivation 41 of controller, clutch 39, brake 37 power supplys, i.e. cam load push-pull and 17 outages of circumferential ratchet device, speculum 1 stops the rotation.The effect that this shows cam mechanism is to become straight reciprocating motion with rotatablely moving, and because the peak of cam path 34 is so that the reciprocating stroke of set a distance pull bar 29 is set a distances to minimum point, so and because the intermittently intermittence reciprocating motion of clutch pull bar 29 for being controlled by the controller of

clutch

39,17 3 grades of motions at intermittence of circumferential ratchet device make the slow sun of following the tracks of of speculum 1 intermittent rotation realization; The big retarding ratio of three grades of ratchet strings: Z ₁* Z ₂* Z ₃: 1 has realized that ratchet 3 19 decides the little amount of feeding of corner ground and drive parallel rod 8, the sun is followed the tracks of in parallel rod 8 accurate transmissions through having anti-heat expansion shrinkage, 1 rotation of driving speculum, when speculum 1 stops the rotation, adopt the anti-wind-force influence of brake 37 brakings to follow the tracks of angle and guarantee the unanimity of each amount of feeding, it is accurate to follow the tracks of angle thus.

If the tooth number Z of three grades of ratchets ₁, Z ₂, Z ₃Be 25, then the speed reducing ratio of ratchet string is 25 * 25 * 25: 1=15625: 1, be that No. 15625 ratchets 3 19 of pull bar 29 reciprocating feeds revolve and turn around, speculum 1 revolves that to turn around be 360 °, i.e. pull bar 29 feedings once equal 360 ° ÷ 15625=0.02304 ° of speculum 1 rotation; Because speculum 1 per hour will rotate 15 °, promptly pull bar 29 is per hour wanted 15 ° of ÷ of feeding 0.02304 °=651 times, is equivalent to feeding in per 5.5 seconds once.When speculum 1 counter-rotating resets, if 180 ° of speculum 1 counter-rotatings, speculum 1 is inverted to the tracking initial point from following the tracks of stop when being pull bar 29 reciprocating feeds 15625 ÷ 2=7812.5 time, if being per minute 1500, change motor 41 rotating speeds, be pull bar 29 per minute feedings 1500 times, then 7812.5 ÷ 1500=5.2, promptly 5.2 minutes speculums 1 are inverted to the tracking initial point from following the tracks of stop.Motor per minute 1500 changes, i.e. 1500 * 60=90000 commentariess on classics/time per hour, and the tracking of speculum 1 solar hour angle is per hour to rotate 15 °, i.e. in 1/24 commentaries on classics/time, both differ 2160000 times; In the visible background technology routine scheme of following the tracks of by the poly-extinction body of deceleration by motor, what grade decelerations it need? and the application adopts load push-pull intermittently to drive, and makes its ratchet device only need three grades of decelerations just can reach accurate tracking.This shows that speculum 1 follows the tracks of the solar time and only rotated for percent several years at every turn, can satisfy optically focused and follow the tracks of the desired precision of the sun than maximum parabolic mirror, the optically focused of parabolic mirror is 50 than maximum at present, and speculum 1 only resets and to need time a few minutes, driving-chain has only three grades of decelerations, and driving-chain is short, simple and reliable for structure.

Second embodiment is the embodiment that tower type solar boiler speculum is followed the tracks of the sun.Fig. 6 is tower type solar boiler speculum square formation figure.The tower type solar boiler is by speculum 42, boiler 43 and pass, storage, form with hot equipment, its by a plurality of speculums 42 of different azimuth and different angle with solar radiation reflex on the boiler 43, by boiler 43 absorptions and be converted into heat energy.Because the orientation or the inclination angle difference of each speculum 42 in the speculum square formation, requiring each speculum 42 to carry out four corners of the world four direction separately precisely follows the tracks of, therefore the speculum 42 of present embodiment adopts fast clear outs to connect mode to connect single upright column, and Fig. 7 is a speculum supporting schematic diagram.The opaco center of speculum 42 connects support by spherical bearing 45: column 44, east-west direction and North and South direction are respectively installed the tracking means of line output screw ratchet row 48, pass through output: the stretching motion up and down of screw rod 47 makes speculum 42 around its center swing, realizes four corners of the world four direction tracking; Fig. 8 is screw rod ratchet row schematic diagrams.Be screw rod ratchet row 48 transmission devices of stating conveniently, east-west direction is identical with the North and South direction employing, their just control differences are so only show a screw rod ratchet row schematic diagram among Fig. 8; Because the North and South direction pursuit movement slowly, only need feeding several times every day, and the east-west direction tracking needs every a few feedings in second once, so the motor 59 that North and South direction is followed the tracks of is by the controller crawl, promptly starting the back brakes stall in very short time at once, makes each crawl motor 59 all only change one or two circle, motor 59 is from band brake, and the motor 59 that east-west direction is followed the tracks of is for starting back rotation continuously; The effect of brake herein only is for guaranteeing the unanimity of each amount of feeding, so its power is more much smaller than 37 power of the brake among first embodiment.Screw rod 47 terminations are installed in the sliding tray 46 by hinge 50 hinged slide blocks 49, slide block 49 and slidably, and sliding tray 46 is fixedly connected on the opaco of speculum 42 and along installing perpendicular to speculum 42 rotation directions; Sliding tray 46 for groove, be that slide block 49 can promote and can spur sliding

tray

46,49 of slide blocks are done to slide and can not rotate, so screw rod 47 can only be swung with respect to speculum 42 and can not rotate; Screw rod 47 is parallel to column 44 and does push-and-pull campaign up and down, and promptly the direction of screw rod 47 push-pull efforts is perpendicular to the rotation of speculum 42 and not crossing with it; Be screw rod 47 with speculum 42 for being slidingly connected its connector: hinge 50, slide block 49, sliding tray 46 become rotatablely moving of speculum 42 to the rectilinear motion of screw rod 47.Screw rod 47 be make the set a distance rectilinear motion, be that each feed motion stroke equates, and its driven mirror 42 corners are unequal, both tie points be slide block 49 corner when speculum 42 axis are near when big, far away corner little.The terminal of ratchet string wheel is the rectangular teeth ratchet, it and nut consubstantiality, and soon the internal diameter of ratchet is made nut, is referred to as nut ratchet 52; Nut ratchet 52 is connected with screw rod 47 spirals, its lead angle is less than angle of friction, nut ratchet 52 is connected and installed in cabinet by bearing 53, nut ratchet 52 1 ends are locked in bearing 53, it must not be gone here and there up and down with respect to cabinet with snap ring 54 or retainer nut, and cabinet is fixedly mounted on the column 44; So drive screw 47 does to be parallel to the campaign of push-and-pull up and down of column 44 during 52 rotations of nut ratchet, promptly screw rod 47 does not rotate with respect to rectilinear motion about column 44 works.

Fig. 9 is a ratchet string schematic diagram.Fork 51 1 end skies are enclosed within on the screw rod 47, the other end is enclosed within the fork guide pin bushing 58 and slidably, fork guide pin bushing 58 is hinged on the end face of partial gear 62, when partial gear 62 is being with 58 rotations of fork guide pin bushing, drive fork 51 reciprocally swingings.A latch pawl 55 is slidingly connected on the fork 51, be that latch pawl 55 is installed in 56 li of latch grooves and in 56 li slips of latch groove, latch groove 56 is fixed on the fork 51, latch pawl 55 and 52 engagements of nut ratchet, its claw type is the trapezoidal pawl that mixes with nut ratchet 52 rectangular teeth between cog, its trapezoidal two waists can be respectively and nut ratchet 52 flank engagement, so latch pawl 55 must break away from nut ratchet 52 when fork 51 resets, and when fork 51 feedings, must inject nut ratchet 52 between cog, therefore latch pawl 55 trapezoidal two waists are less than nut ratchet 52 between cog two waists, be that want greatly its back lash, and the acute angle of pawl and between cog is round-corner transition, so that latch pawl 55 injects nut ratchet 52 between cog; Therefore on latch pawl 55 tops one electromagnet 57 is installed, electromagnet 57 is fixed on the fork 51, clutch by electromagnet 57 and spring control latch pawl 55, electromagnet 57 latch pawl 55 inhaled when electric when nut ratchet 52, outage under the compacting at spring and 52 engagements of nut ratchet, its spring force can not be excessive, inject and do not drag nut ratchet 52 when sliding be as the criterion on nut ratchet 52 tooth tops with latch pawl 55.Maximum up and down rotation or swing position at fork guide pin bushing 58 or fork 51 are respectively installed a travel switch, here all refer to Fig. 9 up and down, travel switch be signal element, it can with as the inductor on the ratchet 28-2 among first embodiment alternative; As partial gear 62 is to turn clockwise, when upper stroke switch is touched, during the right half arc stroke of fork guide pin bushing 58 beginning, give electric electromagnet 57 by controller, electromagnet 57 must electricly be inhaled latch pawl 55 from nut ratchet 52, and fork 51 resets toward lower swings; When lower stroke switch is touched, during the left half arc stroke of fork guide pin bushing 58 beginning, by disconnected power down magnet 57 power supplys of controller, latch pawl 55 meshes with nut ratchet 52 under the compacting of spring, fork 51 turns clockwise by latch pawl 55 drive nut ratchets 52, and this agreement is called positive crossover; As partial gear 62 is to turn clockwise, when upper stroke switch is touched, disconnected power down magnet 57 power supplys of controller, and latch pawl 55 and 52 engagements of nut ratchet, fork 51 drive nut ratchets 52 are rotated counterclockwise; When lower stroke switch is touched, electromagnet 57 electric latch pawl 55 is inhaled from nut ratchet 52, fork 51 is up swung and is resetted; This agreement is called the counter-rotating circuit, and these two kinds of circuits are motor 59 controller conversion and control circuit when just changeing, realize the method for speculum 42 rotatings conversion by 55 clutches of control latch pawl.Latch pawl 55 also plays the clutch effect, electromagnet 57 outages when promptly speculum 42 needs running, latch pawl 55 geared screw ratchets 52 under the spring force effect; Electromagnet 57 must electricly not inhaled latch pawl 55 from nut ratchet 52 when speculum 42 did not need to turn round, and made the continuous rotation of motor 59 become the intermittence rotation that is controlled by the controller thus, thereby had avoided the motor frequent starting, had improved tracking accuracy.Can certainly between turning cylinder 60 and single-tooth gear 61 electromagnetic friction clutch be installed, its installation and control are as the clutch among first embodiment 39.

Partial gear 62 usefulness keys are connected on the gear shaft 63, and gear shaft 63 is installed on the cabinet by bearing 64, and partial gear 62 is the locking arc partial gear alternate with the gear teeth; With only do a tooth on the driving wheel of partial gear 62 engagement, be referred to as single-tooth gear 61, the effect of locking arc is to allow single-tooth gear 61 accurately aim at partial gear 62 between cog, and single-tooth gear 61 usefulness keys are connected on the turning cylinder 60 of motor 59, and motor 59 is installed on the cabinet; Make the between cog that is meshed with single-tooth gear 61 monodentates on the partial gear 62, manufacture Z as partial gear 62 ₁Individual tooth, then single-tooth gear 61 revolves the partial gear 62 rotation 1/Z that turn around ₁Circle, the intermittent drive mechanism that stops when moving when promptly partial gear is.The controller of present embodiment with the time be controlled to be main, be controlled to be adjustment, accurately control motor 59 and play the latch pawl 55 of clutch effect with the induction of sensor light; Be that the screw rod ratchet row 48 that North and South direction is followed the tracks of are: speculum 42 begins to follow the tracks of the solar time, start the tracking means power supply, when controller obtains the feeding signal, controller crawl motor 59, promptly start back motor 59 rotations one or two circle back braking stall, motor 59 drives single-tooth gear 61 and rotates together, single-tooth gear 61 drives partial gear 62 and is being with 58 rotations of fork guide pin bushing, fork guide pin bushing 58 drives fork 51 reciprocally swingings, as this moment be positive crossover, then by of the clutch of controller control latch pawl 55 with nut ratchet 52, drive nut ratchet 52 turns clockwise, nut ratchet 52 drive screws 47 are made intermittently upwards straight-line feed, are just changeing the tracking sun by connecting driving member driving speculum 42.When sensor sensing to light commutation, be change according to the season in the summer in winter turn to after, controller conversion and control circuit is the counter-rotating circuit, controller obtains reset signal, controller crawl motor 59, drive single-tooth gear 61 drive partial gears 62 and drive forks 51 swings, clutch by control latch pawl 55, drive nut ratchet 52 is rotated counterclockwise, and drive screw 47 is made intermittently downward straight line and resetted, and drives speculum 42 counter-rotatings and follows the tracks of the sun; Realize the speculum 42 annual North and South directions tracking sun thus.In this motion process, single-tooth gear 61 revolve turn around, tooth of partial gear 62 rotation, partial gear 62 revolve turn around, tooth of nut ratchet 52 rotations, nut ratchet 52 revolve turn around, screw rod 47 pushes away or to draw be the feeding or the helical pitch that resets; Three grades of decelerations of two-stage intermittently-driving have promptly been passed through.The transmission device of east-west direction tracking screw rod ratchet row 48 is identical with the North and South direction tracking, just control is different for they, speculum 42 beginning east-west directions are followed the tracks of the solar time, controller conversion and control circuit is positive crossover, after controller obtains the feeding signal, actuating motor 59 rotates continuously, the driving pawl row drive speculum 42 is just changeing the tracking sun, when up and down travel switch respectively is touched one time, controller is the lower stroke switch line short, make electromagnet 57 continuous electric, latch pawl 55 is inhaled from nut ratchet 52, speculum 42 stops the rotation; Obtain the feeding signal once more up to controller, controller just recovers short circuit, and travel switch respectively is touched once once more up and down, so repeats, and speculum 42 is intermittently just being changeed follow the tracks of the sun up to following the tracks of stop.Speculum 42 begins to reverse when resetting, and controller conversion and control circuit is the counter-rotating circuit, and actuating motor 59 rotates continuously, and the driving pawl row drive speculum 42 and reverse fast, until the tracking initial point; Present embodiment can substitute latch pawl 55 and realize rotating conversion and clutch action with catch-hook, positive and negative pair of pawl.Since motor 59 be at the uniform velocity rotate, tooth that ratchet is listed as on all driven pulleys all is equally distributed, and because the helical pitch of screw rod 47 is equal everywhere, so screw rod 47 is to do the set a distance motion.Because nut ratchet 52 is connected with screw rod 47 spirals, its lead angle is less than angle of friction, so have self-locking performance, speculum 42 need not to install brake.。

If partial gear 62 is 10 teeth, nut ratchet 52 is 20 teeth, and then the speed reducing ratio of ratchet string is 200, promptly motor 59 revolve turn around, nut ratchet 52 rotation 1/200 circle, if the helical pitch of screw rod 47 is 6mm, then motor 59 revolves the screw rod 47 propellings 6 ÷ 200=0.03mm that turn around; If screw rod 47 is 300mm with the distance of speculum 42 rotation centerlines, then motor 59 revolves the speculum 42 that turns around and has rotated 0.0057 °, the speed reducing ratio that is screw rod ratchet row 48 is 360 ° of ÷ 0.0057 °=63157: 1, need what grade decelerations as carry out how many decelerations of ten thousand times with gear? and adopting the ratchet row only to need three grades of decelerations just can reach, the driving-chain of visible ratchet row is short, simple and reliable for structure.Because North and South direction is followed the tracks of, speculum needs ± 23 ° 27 of rotation 42 every year ', 23 ° of 27 ' ÷ 0.0057 °=4123 times are equivalent to feeding every day 22 times; Generally do not need so accurate the tracking, so the each crawl motor 59 of North and South direction tracking control unit all changes two or three circle.Since controller be with the time be controlled to be main, be controlled to be adjustment with the induction of sensor light, so tracking error is less than or equal to the amount of feeding, so the tracking error of speculum 42 can be controlled within a few tenths of a mm even reaches higher requirement.East-west direction tracking mirror 42 per hour will rotate 7.5 °, on turning cylinder 60 electromagnetic friction clutch is installed as adopting, and then clutch per hour will mesh 7.5 ° of ÷ of feeding 0.0057 °=1316 times, is equivalent to feeding in per 2.7 seconds once; Because the speculum 42 of present embodiment does not need so accurate the tracking, thus adopt latch pawl 55 as clutch, the 55 every engagement feedings of latch pawl once, nut ratchet 52 rotations 1/20 circle, screw rod 47 advances 6 ÷ 20=0.3mm, speculum 42 has rotated 0.057 °; This amount of feeding is theoretical value, in fact there is certain clearance in driving-chain, when adding upper pendulum bar 51 and resetting, latch pawl 55 has a bit of the contact with nut ratchet 52, makes 52 brakings of nut ratchet or low-angle counter-rotating, so the actual amount of feeding is the setting when post debugging is installed, it is less than theoretical value; Latch pawl 55 per hour will mesh 7.5 ° of ÷ of feeding 0.057 °=131 times, is equivalent to feeding in per 27 seconds once.This shows that speculum 42 follows the tracks of the solar times and only rotated for percent several years at every turn, can satisfy tower type solar boiler speculum and follow the tracks of the desired precision of the sun that general boiler 43 and speculum 42 are at a distance of about hundred meters.The characteristics of screw rod ratchet device or row are: speed reducing ratio is big, has auto-lock function, can omit brake apparatus and shorten driving-chain.

Claims

1. an auto-tracking sun device comprises poly-extinction body, controller, and the load push-pull that it is characterized in that being installed on the support connects and the driving pawl device by its pull-push piece, and the ratchet device connects by its output and drives poly-extinction body rotation follows the tracks of the sun; Described poly-extinction body can be speculum or flat plate collector or sun stove or photovoltaic battery panel, and described load push-pull is electromagnet or connecting rod or cam or air bag or cylinder or oil cylinder load push-pull; Described load push-pull pull-push piece is the piston rod of electromagnet armature or the pull bar of linkage or the pull bar of cam mechanism or the push rod of air bag or cylinder, oil cylinder; Described electromagnet load push-pull by power supply, magnetizing coil, iron core, and armature forms, its armature connects the rocking bar in ratchet group, and the stroke of a link stopper, restriction armature, rocking bar is installed on the cabinet, the iron core connection support or the cabinet of electromagnet; Described connecting rod load push-pull is by motor, flywheel, clutch, linkage connects to form, described linkage can be to be contained on the crank axle by crank, the crank articulated linkage, the rod hinge connection pull bar, pull bar is contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet and forms, can also be to be contained on the crank axle by crank, the slide crank rocking bar that is dynamically connected: promptly crank can hinged rocking bar guide pin bushing, rocking bar guide pin bushing hollow sleeve rocking bar, or crank is installed a sliding axle, on the sliding axle Rolling bearing or roller can be installed, rocking bar one end is opened a sliding tray, sliding axle or Rolling bearing or roller are installed in the sliding tray and slidably or roll, and rocking bar one end is hinged or install with bearing and to connect cabinet, the hinged slide block of the other end, slide block is installed in the chute, the fixedly connected pull bar of chute, pull bar is contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet and forms; Described cam load push-pull is connected to form by motor, flywheel, clutch, cam mechanism, described cam mechanism can be that cam is installed on the camshaft, cam face has a convex annular race, pull bar be contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet, pull bar one end and connects roller bearing, the other end and connect rocking bar in the ratchet group or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected, roll sleeve or roller, roller bearing or roll sleeve or roller can be installed on the roller bearing be contained in the cam path; Can also be that cam is installed on the camshaft, pull bar is contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet, pull bar one end is the plane or connects installation roll sleeve or roller on roller bearing, the roller bearing, rocking bar in the other end connection ratchet group or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected; Described air bag load push-pull is connected to form with tracheae successively by air pump or gas compressor, gas tank, magnetic valve, air bag, air bag one end connection support or cabinet, an end connect push rod, push rod connects the rocking bar in the ratchet group, and the stroke of a link stopper, restriction push rod is installed on cabinet; Described cylinder load push-pull is connected to form with tracheae successively by air pump or gas compressor, gas tank, magnetic valve, cylinder, cylinder connects support or cabinet, there are a piston, piston to connect piston rod in the cylinder, rocking bar in the piston rod connection ratchet group or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected; Described oil cylinder load push-pull is connected to form with oil pipe successively by fuel tank, oil pump, oil tank, magnetic valve, oil cylinder, oil cylinder connects support or cabinet, there are a piston, piston to connect piston rod in the oil cylinder, rocking bar in the piston rod connection ratchet group or the ratchet in hinged or the ratchet pair that is slidingly connected; Described ratchet device can be circumference or tooth bar or screw rod or connecting rod ratchet device; Described circumferential ratchet device is made up of ratchet group or ratchet pair or ratchet string, or is made up of ratchet group or the secondary driven wheel of ratchet or Worm and worm-wheel gearing; Described ratchet group is made up of rocking bar and the ratchet that ratchet and ratchet meshed hinged or that be slidingly connected on the rocking bar, and described rocking bar one end sky overlaps or is installed on ratchet shaft or power transmission shaft or the screw rod with bearing, and the other end connects the pull-push piece of load push-pull; Described ratchet pair is made up of the ratchet that ratchet and ratchet meshed hinged on the load push-pull pull-push piece or that be slidingly connected, the secondary general designation of ratchet group and ratchet ratchet mechanism; Described ratchet string drives single-stage or multistage ratchet or sheave or incomplete gear mechanism by ratchet mechanism and forms; Described Geneva mechanism is made up of dial and sheave, is made up of a round pin, one big section dome arc of outer cause and a bit of concave arc on its dial, and Z radial slot arranged on the sheave, and outer rim has Z section concave arc; Described incomplete gear mechanism is made up of the driving wheel engagement driven pulley that has only one or several tooth; Described tooth bar ratchet device drives tooth bar by ratchet mechanism or ratchet string to be formed, and described tooth bar slides in guide rail, and guide rail is fixedly installed in cabinet or support; Described screw rod ratchet device is made up of ratchet mechanism or ratchet string drive nut, screw rod, and described nut is connected and installed in cabinet or support by bearing; Described connecting rod ratchet device is made up of ratchet string drive link mechanism, described linkage can be on ratchet string terminal wheel articulated linkage, rod hinge connection pull bar, pull bar be contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet and forms, also can be that pull bar one end is hinged on the terminal wheel, the other end is hinged on poly-extinction body or the framework, and the distance in hinge axle center is arrived less than gathering extinction body or the framework pivot distance to the hinge center in terminal wheel axle center; The ratchet that described ratchet device output can be a ratchet mechanism in the circumferential ratchet device or the extreme gear of gear or Worm and worm-wheel gearing or worm gear or the terminal ratchet of ratchet string or sheave or gear or the tooth bar of tooth bar ratchet device or the screw rod of screw rod ratchet device or the pull bar of connecting rod ratchet device.

2. the described auto-tracking sun device of claim 1 is characterized in that described ratchet device is made up of the ratchet string.

3. the described auto-tracking sun device of claim 1 is characterized in that described ratchet device is made up of ratchet mechanism or ratchet string drive nut, screw rod.

4. an auto-tracking sun device comprises poly-extinction body, controller, it is characterized in that being installed on the Motor Drive ratchet row on the support, and the ratchet row connect and drive poly-extinction body rotation follows the tracks of the sun.Described ratchet row are circumference or tooth bar or screw rod or connecting rod ratchet row; Described circumferential ratchet is listed as by the ratchet string to be formed; Described tooth bar ratchet is listed as by ratchet string driving tooth bar to be formed, and described tooth bar slides in guide rail, and guide rail is fixedly installed in cabinet or support; Described screw rod ratchet is listed as by ratchet string drive nut, screw rod to be formed, and described nut is connected and installed in cabinet or support by bearing; Described connecting rod ratchet is listed as by ratchet string drive link mechanism to be formed; Described linkage can be on ratchet string terminal wheel articulated linkage, rod hinge connection pull bar, pull bar be contained in the guide pin bushing and slidably, guide pin bushing is fixed in cabinet and forms, also can be that pull bar one end is hinged on the terminal wheel, the other end is hinged on poly-extinction body or the framework, and the distance in hinge axle center is arrived less than gathering extinction body or the framework pivot distance to the hinge center in terminal wheel axle center; Described ratchet string drives single-stage or multistage ratchet or sheave or incomplete gear mechanism by ratchet or sheave or incomplete gear mechanism and forms.

5. claim 1 or 4 described auto-tracking sun devices, it is characterized in that described connection transmission mechanism by parallel rod with the hinged parallel connection of a plurality of parallel poly-extinction body, by a plurality of poly-extinction body socket series connection of vertical pole with same axis.

6. the described connection transmission mechanism of claim 5 is characterized in that described parallel rod termination connects cooling water tank, circulates in the parallel rod cavity with cooling medium and cool off connecting rod with flexible pipe.