CN204154932U - A kind of optoisolator - Google Patents

A kind of optoisolator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204154932U
CN204154932U CN201420525686.1U CN201420525686U CN204154932U CN 204154932 U CN204154932 U CN 204154932U CN 201420525686 U CN201420525686 U CN 201420525686U CN 204154932 U CN204154932 U CN 204154932U
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gallery
whispering
waveguide
mode
optoisolator
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周治平
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Peking University
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Peking University
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Abstract

The utility model relates to integrated opto-electronic technical field, is specifically related to a kind of optoisolator.The utility model proposes a kind of small size, low-loss, without additional energy consumption, be easy to process, passive light isolator with low cost, can use with the device such as laser instrument, amplifier, modulator or system in combination, also can increase the degree of freedom of layout design.A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, is further applicable to Terahertz frequency range, has purposes widely.The feature that the utility model utilizes Whispering-gallery-mode can stablize along outer wall transmission is accomplished: conducting when utilizing Whispering-gallery-mode to realize forward transmission, not conducting when utilizing non-Whispering-gallery-mode to realize reverse transfer.The utility model is applicable to integreted phontonics, photoelectricity hybrid integrated and technical field of photo communication further, and compared to existing technology, the utility model further meets the performance requirement of large-scale integrated.

Description

A kind of optoisolator
Technical field
The utility model relates to integrated opto-electronic technical field, is specifically related to a kind of optoisolator.
Background technology
Isolator is that guided wave system is used for the unidirectional key element of control wave, and optoisolator only allows the unidirectional vital device passed through of light in optical system.Optoisolator is widely used in and coordinates laser instrument, amplifier, transmitter etc., stops the parasitic light of reverse transfer to produce interference to optical system.By adding the optoisolator of low insertion loss on sheet, the effect can also realize increasing layout design degree of freedom, increasing system stability.Integrated opto-electronic chip needs optoisolator to build complete optical system equally, but the optoisolator in discrete device system utilizes Faraday effect to realize mostly, isolator insertion loss based on this principle is large, volume is large, and have employed the ferromagnetic material of non-CMOS technology compatibility, be difficult to realize large-scale integrated.In recent years, part seminar proposes and utilizes the nonlinear effect of light or additional non-linear modulation realizes optoisolator on sheet in the world.But the performance that nature of device of nonlinear effect, by the impact of incident optical power, can not play isolation effect, and efficiency is lower to the parasitic light of any power, isolation strip width and wayward.Non-linear modulation introduces additional energy consumption, also technical scheme just can need be made to be achieved by more complicated structure, solution that therefore neither be desirable simultaneously.In addition, above-mentioned scheme all can introduce the insertion loss more than 3dB, and this is that large-scale integrated is unaffordable.
Utility model content
(1) technical matters that will solve
Propose a kind of small size, low-loss, without additional energy consumption, be easy to process, passive light isolator with low cost, can use with the device such as laser instrument, amplifier, modulator or system in combination, also can increase the degree of freedom of layout design.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of optoisolator, comprising: input waveguide and output waveguide, also comprise: the transition waceguide and the Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity that realize the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode;
Described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity comprises resonant cavity and inner outline and is fitted in and described resonant cavity outer contour is formed an overall cavity waveguide with described resonant cavity; The end face at the two ends of described cavity waveguide is the connecting end surface of described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity; Described resonant cavity is the closed figures that line segment and/or smooth curve surround, or closes the linear annular jointly surrounded for two groups that are surrounded by line segment and/or smooth curve;
Described input waveguide and transition waceguide, Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity and output waveguide carry out light connection with the form of series connection successively.
Preferably, also comprise, jointly realize the curved waveguide of the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode with described transition waceguide;
The outline of described transition waceguide is circular arc, and Internal periphery is one section of smooth curve that described transition waceguide width can be made to broaden gradually;
The inside and outside profile of described curved waveguide is circular arc;
Described flexural wave leaded light is connected between described transition waceguide and described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity.
Preferably, the Internal periphery of described transition waceguide is the one in conic section, transient curve, Euler's helical and SPL.
Preferably, described resonant cavity is: by one or more splicings in circular, oval, rectangle, overlapping, the closed figure that combines.
Preferably, also comprise, tapered transmission line; Described tapered transmission line is the waveguide that width narrows gradually; One end that described tapered transmission line face area is larger is connected with the central resonator cavity light of described Whispering-gallery-mode, and the other end is connected with output wave leaded light.
Preferably, when described tapered transmission line is connected with described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavitys, the axis of described tapered transmission line and the axis angulation of described cavity waveguide are be less than the positive angle of 180 °.
Preferably, also comprise, bending transitional waveguide; Described transitional Waveguide is connected between described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity and described tapered transmission line.
Preferably, the inside and outside contour of described transitional waveguide is circular arc.
Preferably, each smooth junction need meet: the continuity of curve itself, slope of a curve continuity and direction of curve angle continuity.
Preferably, all structure members forming optoisolator all adopt insulating material or the making of organism material that can make loss in operating wavelength range and be not more than the waveguide of 20dB/mm.
Preferably, described insulating material comprises: silicon, silicon dioxide, germanium, three or five race's semiconductor materials, lithium niobate, chalcogenide glass, or the potpourri be made up of wherein two or more material.
Preferably, described organism material is organic polymer, or the potpourri that the material belonging to organic polymer by two or more class is formed.
(3) beneficial effect
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model compared to existing technology, further meets the performance requirement of large-scale integrated; The utility model is applicable to multiple material and material platform, the materials such as such as silicon, polymkeric substance, germanium.The utility model is up to now closest to optoisolator on the sheet of commercial performance standard, is expected to the significant components becoming following large-scale integrated; In addition, the utility model is except being mainly applicable to, with while the isolation in the band limits of light wave, also further be applicable to Terahertz frequency range, have purposes widely.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, the feature utilizing Whispering-gallery-mode can stablize along outer wall transmission is accomplished: conducting when utilizing Whispering-gallery-mode to realize forward transmission, not conducting when utilizing non-Whispering-gallery-mode to realize reverse transfer.Forward entrance light enters from incident waveguide, Whispering-gallery-mode is converted into after transition waceguide, this pattern is through the transmission of curved waveguide, obtain enough stability, then incide in Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity, due to the feature of Whispering-gallery-mode, this light beam pastes outer wall stable transfer, can not enter into resonator cavity, therefore most incident light transmission is in tapered transmission line, exports after being converted into single mode from output waveguide; During reverse transfer, light enters Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity from tapered transmission line.Due to guided mode instead of Whispering-gallery-mode that light wave pattern is now straight wave guide, overwhelming majority energy will be coupled to mode of resonance and enter Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity, the form decay of luminous energy wall scattering and absorption in addition in Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity, final dissipation totally, incident waveguide can not be got back to by curved waveguide, simultaneously because the guided mode of straight wave guide does not mate with Whispering-gallery-mode, only have little energy can enter curved waveguide transmission.
In the utility model: the guided mode transmitted in input waveguide is changed into Whispering-gallery-mode by transition waceguide and selecting of curved waveguide; Manufacturability tolerance and the stability of selecting increase device of curved waveguide; The use of Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity provides the nonreciprocity of optoisolator, and the low-loss of forward transmission light is passed through, reverse transfer light not by; Selecting of tapered transmission line guarantees that output waveguide is single mode.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, the effect of the transitional waveguide adopted be with higher efficiency or more compact structure design receive the incident light that in Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity, forward transmits.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, can use with the device such as laser instrument, amplifier, modulator or system in combination, also can increase the degree of freedom of layout design.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, small-sized with the parts itself that transition waceguide, curved waveguide, Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity are core; Apply processing technology of the prior art, the size of a kind of optoisolator of the utility model is limited between 6*6 square micron to 20*20 square micron.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, because Whispering-gallery-mode can stably along central resonator cavity outer wall transmission, after the high efficiency collection of cavity waveguide, most luminous energy can export from output waveguide, therefore has the characteristic of low insertion loss.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, due to the nonreciprocity of Mode Coupling, during forward transmission, incident light is transferred through central resonator cavity with the form of Whispering-gallery-mode, and incident light is directly coupled with the form of guided mode and enters central resonator cavity during reverse transfer, the difference of this light path can produce very high isolation.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, the isolator principle proposed due to the utility model and design only relate to less, that complexity is lower processing step, and therefore its technology processing cost is lower.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, the material system be suitable for covers with low cost, that application is ripe silica-base material system, semiconductor three or five race's material system and organism material system, and selection material system significantly can reduce the material cost of device rightly.
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, is applicable to integreted phontonics, photoelectricity hybrid integrated and technical field of photo communication further, has small size, low-loss, high-isolation, without additional energy consumption, is easy to process and advantage with low cost; Compared to existing technology, a kind of optoisolator of the utility model further meets the performance requirement of large-scale integrated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiments more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to a kind of optoisolator embodiment 1 of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to a kind of optoisolator embodiment 2 of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation according to a kind of optoisolator embodiment 3 of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to a kind of optoisolator embodiment 4 of the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the forward entrance optical field distribution schematic diagram according to a kind of optoisolator of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the reverse incident field distribution schematic diagram according to a kind of optoisolator of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the rectangular cavity body according to a kind of optoisolator of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the oval resonant cavity according to a kind of optoisolator of the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment, embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Following examples only for illustration of the utility model, but can not be used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
Be defined in optoisolator, the direction of propagation of light for being forward transmission from input waveguide to output waveguide; The direction of propagation of light is be reverse transfer from output waveguide to input waveguide.
The utility model provides a kind of optoisolator, comprising: input waveguide 1 and output waveguide 6, also comprise: the transition waceguide 2 and the Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4 that realize the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode;
Described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4 comprises resonant cavity 7 and inner outline and is fitted in and described resonant cavity 7 outer contour is formed an overall cavity waveguide 8 with described resonant cavity 7; The end face at the two ends of described cavity waveguide 8 is the connecting end surface of described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4; Described resonant cavity 7 is the closed figures that line segment and/or smooth curve surround, or closes the linear annular jointly surrounded for two groups that are surrounded by line segment and/or smooth curve;
Described input waveguide 1 and transition waceguide 2, Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity 4 and output waveguide 6 carry out light connection with the form of series connection successively.
Preferably, also comprise, jointly realize the curved waveguide 3 of the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode with described transition waceguide 2;
The outline of described transition waceguide 2 is circular arcs, and Internal periphery is one section of smooth curve that described transition waceguide 2 width can be made to broaden gradually;
The inside and outside profile of described curved waveguide 3 is circular arc;
Described curved waveguide 3 light is connected between described transition waceguide 2 and described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4.
Preferably, the Internal periphery of described transition waceguide 2 is the one in conic section, transient curve, Euler's helical and SPL.
Preferably, described resonant cavity 7 is: by one or more splicings in circular, oval, rectangle, overlapping, the closed figure that combines.Wherein, when resonant cavity 7 is rectangle, its structure as shown in Figure 7; When resonant cavity 7 is oval, its structure as shown in Figure 8.
Preferably, also comprise, tapered transmission line 5; The waveguide that described tapered transmission line 5 narrows gradually for width; One end that described tapered transmission line 5 face area is larger is connected with central resonator cavity 4 light of described Whispering-gallery-mode, and the other end is be connected with output waveguide 6 light.
Preferably, when described tapered transmission line 5 is connected with described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavitys 4, the axis of described tapered transmission line and the axis angulation of described cavity waveguide 8 are be less than the positive angle of 180 °.
Preferably, also comprise, inside and outside contour is all according to the transitional waveguide 9 of same curvature radius bend; Described transitional waveguide 9 light is connected between described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity 4 and described tapered transmission line 5.
Preferably, the inside and outside contour of described transitional waveguide 9 is circular arc.
Preferably, each smooth junction need meet: the continuity of curve itself, slope of a curve continuity and direction of curve angle continuity.
Preferably, all structure members forming optoisolator all adopt insulating material or the making of organism material that can make loss in operating wavelength range and be not more than the waveguide of 20dB/mm.
Preferably, described insulating material comprises: silicon, silicon dioxide, germanium, three or five race's semiconductor materials, lithium niobate, chalcogenide glass or wherein two or more material form potpourri.
Preferably, described organism material is organic polymer, or the potpourri that the material belonging to organic polymer by two or more class is formed.
Embodiment 1:
Shown in Fig. 1, the utility model provides a kind of optoisolator, comprising: input waveguide 1 and output waveguide 6, also comprise: the transition waceguide 2 and the Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4 that realize the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode;
Described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4 comprises resonant cavity 7 and inner outline and is fitted in and described resonant cavity 7 outer contour is formed an overall cavity waveguide 8 with described resonant cavity 7; The end face at the two ends of described cavity waveguide 8 is the connecting end surface of described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4; Described resonant cavity 7 is the closed figures that line segment and/or smooth curve surround, or closes the linear annular jointly surrounded for two groups that are surrounded by line segment and/or smooth curve;
Described input waveguide 1 and transition waceguide 2, Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity 4 and output waveguide 6 carry out light connection with the form of series connection successively, and all junctions need meet: the continuity of curve itself, slope of a curve continuity and direction of curve angle continuity.
Embodiment 2:
Shown in Fig. 2, the utility model provides a kind of optoisolator, and the basis of embodiment 1 increases the curved waveguide 3 jointly realizing the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode with described transition waceguide 2;
The outline of described transition waceguide 2 is circular arcs, and Internal periphery is one section of smooth curve that described transition waceguide 2 width can be made to broaden gradually;
The inside and outside profile of described curved waveguide 3 is circular arc;
Described curved waveguide 3 light is connected between described transition waceguide 2 and described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity 4, and each junction need meet: the continuity of curve itself, slope of a curve continuity and direction of curve angle continuity.
Preferably, the Internal periphery of described transition waceguide 2 is the one in conic section, transient curve, Euler's helical and SPL.
Embodiment 3:
Shown in Fig. 3, the utility model provides a kind of optoisolator, and the basis of embodiment 2 increases tapered transmission line 5; The waveguide that described tapered transmission line 5 narrows gradually for width; One end that described tapered transmission line 5 face area is larger is connected with central resonator cavity 4 light of described Whispering-gallery-mode, and the other end is be connected with output waveguide 6 light; Each junction need meet: the continuity of curve itself, slope of a curve continuity and direction of curve angle continuity.
Preferably, when described tapered transmission line 5 is connected with described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavitys 4, the axis of described tapered transmission line and the axis angulation of described cavity waveguide 8 are be less than the positive angle of 180 °.
Embodiment 4:
Shown in Fig. 4, the utility model provides a kind of optoisolator, the basis of embodiment 3 increases inside and outside contour all according to the transitional waveguide 9 of same curvature radius bend; Described transitional waveguide 9 light is connected between described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity 4 and described tapered transmission line 5, and each junction need meet: the continuity of curve itself, slope of a curve continuity and direction of curve angle continuity.
Preferably, the inside and outside contour of described transitional waveguide 9 is circular arc.
Described transitional waveguide 9 is different from transition waceguide 2.The effect of described transitional waveguide 9 be with higher efficiency or more compact structure design receive the incident light that in Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity, forward transmits.Its possible structure can also comprise to be increased bending radian or changes the shape be connected with central resonator cavity; such as taper or in position grooving etc., the structure change mentioned by these is also encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the utility model claim.
Experiment effect:
A kind of optoisolator of the utility model, the feature utilizing Whispering-gallery-mode can stablize along outer wall transmission is accomplished: conducting when utilizing Whispering-gallery-mode to realize forward transmission, not conducting when utilizing non-Whispering-gallery-mode to realize reverse transfer.Shown in Fig. 5, forward entrance light enters from incident waveguide, after transition waceguide, be converted into Whispering-gallery-mode, this pattern, through the transmission of curved waveguide, obtains enough stability, then incide in Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity, due to Whispering-gallery-mode, this light beam pastes outer wall stable transfer, can not enter into resonator cavity, therefore most incident light transmission is in tapered transmission line, exports after being converted into single mode from output waveguide; Shown in Fig. 6, during reverse transfer, light enters Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity from tapered transmission line.Due to guided mode instead of Whispering-gallery-mode that light wave pattern is now straight wave guide, overwhelming majority energy will be coupled to mode of resonance and enter Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity, luminous energy Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities resonator cavity in beyond wall scattering form decay (scattering and absorption), final dissipation totally, incident waveguide can not be got back to by curved waveguide, simultaneously because the guided mode of straight wave guide does not mate with Whispering-gallery-mode, only have little energy can enter curved waveguide transmission.
Above embodiment only for illustration of the utility model, but not to restriction of the present utility model.Although be described in detail the utility model with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, various combination, amendment or equivalent replacement are carried out to the technical solution of the utility model, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model, all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. an optoisolator, comprise: input waveguide (1) and output waveguide (6), it is characterized in that, also comprise: the transition waceguide (2) and Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity (4) that realize the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode;
Described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity (4) comprises resonant cavity (7) and inner outline and is fitted in and described resonant cavity (7) outer contour is formed an overall cavity waveguide (8) with described resonant cavity (7); The end face at the two ends of described cavity waveguide (8) is the connecting end surface of described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity (4); The closed figures that described resonant cavity (7) surrounds for line segment and/or smooth curve, or close the linear annular jointly surrounded for two groups that are surrounded by line segment and/or smooth curve;
Described input waveguide (1) and transition waceguide (2), Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity (4) and output waveguide (6) carry out light connection with the form of series connection successively.
2. a kind of optoisolator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise, and jointly realizes the curved waveguide (3) of the transformation from guided mode to Whispering-gallery-mode with described transition waceguide (2);
The outline of described transition waceguide (2) is circular arc, and Internal periphery is one section of smooth curve that described transition waceguide (2) width can be made to broaden gradually;
The inside and outside profile of described curved waveguide (3) is circular arc;
Described curved waveguide (3) light is connected between described transition waceguide (2) and described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity (4).
3. a kind of optoisolator according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the Internal periphery of described transition waceguide (2) is the one in conic section, transient curve, Euler's helical and SPL.
4. a kind of optoisolator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 item, is characterized in that, described resonant cavity (7) is: by one or more splicings in circular, oval, rectangle, overlapping, the closed figure that combines.
5. according to claims 1 to 3 item, a kind of optoisolator described in any one, is characterized in that, also comprise, tapered transmission line (5); The waveguide that described tapered transmission line (5) narrows gradually for width; One end that described tapered transmission line (5) face area is larger is connected with central resonator cavity (4) light of described Whispering-gallery-mode, and the other end is connected with output waveguide (6) light.
6. a kind of optoisolator according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, when described tapered transmission line (5) is connected with described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity (4), the axis of described tapered transmission line and the axis angulation of described cavity waveguide (8) are be less than the positive angle of 180 °.
7. a kind of optoisolator according to claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprise, bending transitional waveguide (9); Described transitional waveguide (9) light is connected between described Whispering-gallery-mode central authorities' resonator cavity (4) and described tapered transmission line (5).
8. a kind of optoisolator according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the inside and outside contour of described transitional waveguide (9) is circular arc.
9. a kind of optoisolator according to any one of claim 1,2,3,6,7,8, is characterized in that, each smooth junction need meet: the continuity of curve itself, slope of a curve continuity and direction of curve angle continuity.
10. a kind of optoisolator according to any one of claim 1,2,3,6,7,8, it is characterized in that, all structure members of composition optoisolator all adopt insulating material or the making of organism material that can make loss in operating wavelength range and be not more than the waveguide of 20dB/mm.
CN201420525686.1U 2014-09-12 2014-09-12 A kind of optoisolator Active CN204154932U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104238009A (en) * 2014-09-12 2014-12-24 北京大学 Method for achieving optical isolation though nonreciprocity of mode coupling and optical isolator
WO2021117161A1 (en) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-17 日本電信電話株式会社 Optical waveguide

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104238009A (en) * 2014-09-12 2014-12-24 北京大学 Method for achieving optical isolation though nonreciprocity of mode coupling and optical isolator
CN104238009B (en) * 2014-09-12 2017-07-18 北京大学 The nonreciprocity of Land use models coupling realizes optically isolated method and optoisolator
WO2021117161A1 (en) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-17 日本電信電話株式会社 Optical waveguide
JPWO2021117161A1 (en) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-17
JP7328580B2 (en) 2019-12-11 2023-08-17 日本電信電話株式会社 optical waveguide

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