CN204052927U - A kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device - Google Patents
A kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204052927U CN204052927U CN201420369403.9U CN201420369403U CN204052927U CN 204052927 U CN204052927 U CN 204052927U CN 201420369403 U CN201420369403 U CN 201420369403U CN 204052927 U CN204052927 U CN 204052927U
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- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 48
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device.In this device, cutter adopts chain structure or cover axle construction, when utilizing this device to carry out turning, the way of contact of cutter and workpiece is improved to pulsation contact by continuous contact formula, blade is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece with the relative line cutting speed of workpiece, therefore improve turning wire speed, saved energy consumption, the heat reduced in turning process, extend cutting-tool's used life, have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Technology for Turning Machining field, particularly relates to a kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device.
Background technology
Turning is a kind of common cutting working method, and in cutting is produced, occupy very consequence, the method is on lathe, utilize main shaft to make workpiece carry out rotating relative to fixed cutting tool and cut workpiece.Therefore, in turning process, the blade of cutter and the way of contact of workpiece are generally single-point continuous contact formula.
But the deficiency that the turning mode that this single-point contacts continuously exists is that turning wire speed is low.Especially when needs turning large-scale workpiece, the parts such as the power transmission shaft of such as large vessel, the main shaft of generating set, aero-engine central shaft, because workpiece size is large, common turning machine (being called for short " lathe ") is difficult to processing, needs to use heavy-duty engine lathe.In heavy-duty engine lathe, because the size of workpiece to be processed is larger, if main shaft is with High Rotation Speed, main shaft burden will be increased on the one hand, requirements at the higher level are proposed to motor and main shaft parts performance, on the one hand because power consumption is along with square proportional increase of rotating speed, rotating speed raising causes the at substantial energy, increases production and the operating cost of lathe.Therefore, generally compare with small size lathe the medium-sized of more than 500RPM with the speed of mainshaft, heavy-duty engine lathe is when turning large-scale workpiece, and the rotating speed of main shaft is generally low to moderate within 50RPM, utilizes fixing turning cutting tool to carry out turning to the workpiece of low speed rotation.
The speed of mainshaft is low will produce following problem: the line cutting speed of (1) cutter opposite piece is low, and namely turning wire speed is low, causes the process-cycle very long; (2) when line cutting speed is low, Cutting Force is large, and tool wear is serious, affects machining quality, especially greatly reduces the cutting quality of the materials such as high rigidity, high viscosity, high fragility.The people such as Xiong Chuyang are at document: about the Review Study of Salomon hypothesis, Aerospace manufacturing technology, research in 2007. also shows, the line cutting speed of cutter opposite piece improves, then occur that cutting force declines, can expansions of turning material ranges, turnery processing Quality advance, process the series of advantages such as heat production reduction.
In addition, in the turning mode that single-point contacts continuously, cutter and friction of workpiece produce heat and not easily scatter and disappear.Especially in heavy-duty engine lathe, because workpiece size is large, weight large, cutter and friction of workpiece produce a large amount of heats, and these heats can cause following problem: (1) tool wear is accelerated, point cantact deteriorates to linear contact lay even face contact, and cutting force increases thereupon; (2) cutter generation thermal deformation, affects machining accuracy; (3) chip temperature raises, and cutter forms built-up edge, again affects tool precision.At present, in actual Tutrning Process, the general applying cooling fluid that adopts reduces friction, takes away heat.But cut contact point area in the turning process due to the continuous contact of single-point limited, be therefore difficult to be effectively cooled, cooling effect is not good.
In addition, current turning technology is mainly for metal works, and not enough to the working ability of fragile material or superhard material, to cohesive material (as copper etc.), and then there is the series of problems such as glutinous cutter and heat waste in the processing of the material of poor thermal conductivity (as titanium alloy etc.).Especially in heavy-duty engine lathe, the speed of mainshaft is lower, then more has much room for improvement to the crudy of the material of fragile material, superhard material, cohesive material and poor thermal conductivity.
Therefore, how improving existing turning process, is especially one of emphasis research topic of this area scientific worker to the turning process of large-size workpiece in heavy-duty engine lathe.
Utility model content
For the weak point existed in above-mentioned existing turning technology, the utility model aims to provide a kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device, this device can when lathe spindle rotating speed be relatively low, realize high-speed line cutting speed, thus improve turning efficiency, tool life, expansion machinable material scope, and cut down finished cost, be particularly useful for the turnery processing of heavy-duty engine lathe to large scale, high-quality large-scale workpiece.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, technical thought of the present utility model is: in turning process, blade is made to be " motion " state, blade to be moved by blade to the line turning speed of workpiece and workpiece rotates and jointly provides, namely blade to workpiece line cutting speed be made up of edge line speed and surface of the work linear velocity, therefore the line cutting speed of blade to workpiece is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece; And, certain on blade a bit changes into pulsation contact with the way of contact of workpiece by continuous contact formula, namely, for a certain contact point on blade, the contact of itself and workpiece is intermittent, that is, after this contact point once contacts with workpiece, contact again after certain hour interval next time.
For this reason, a kind of technical scheme that the utility model provides is: a kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device, comprise main shaft, workpiece and cutter, workpiece rotates under the drive of main shaft, the blade of cutter contacts with workpiece and carries out turning, it is characterized in that: described cutter is chain structure, namely, cutter is made up of cutter chain, transmission device and several blades, and blade is arranged on cutter chain; During duty, actuator movement, cutter chain moves with transmission device, drive blade moves, that is, blade is in " motion " state, when the blade of this motion and absorption surface carry out turning, blade to be moved by blade to the line turning speed of workpiece and workpiece rotates and jointly provides, namely blade to workpiece line cutting speed be made up of edge line speed and surface of the work linear velocity, therefore the line cutting speed of blade to workpiece is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece; Further, on blade certain a bit with the way of contact of workpiece for pulsing contact.
As preferably, blade is arranged on cutter chain evenly and at intervals.
As preferably, transmission device adopts at least two moving runners to form, during duty, workpiece is outside cutter chain, between moving runner adjacent one another are, moving runner is rotated, band moving knife chain movement, thus makes blade be motion state when carrying out turning with absorption surface.
As preferably, the cutter of this chain structure can be several as follows.
(1) chain structure one
As shown in Figure 1, this structure comprises moving runner and cutter chain 4.Moving runner comprises driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3.As shown in Figure 2, comprise hinge 6 and chain link 7, chain link 7 is connected by hinge 6 enlarged drawing of cutter chain 4, and blade 5 is arranged on chain link 7.During duty, workpiece 1 is outside cutter chain 4, between driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3, and driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3 are rotated, and band moving knife chain 4 moves, thus blade 5 is linearly moved when carrying out turning with absorption surface.
In this structure, driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3 can be modified to suitable dimension according to concrete processing request, realize miniaturization and the lightweight of cutter; Adjust the length of cutter chain 4 by increase and decrease chain link 7, therefore, it is possible to independently regulate cutter easily according to concrete process requirements, realize cutter miniaturization and lightweight.
(2) chain structure two
As shown in Figure 3, this structure is the one distortion of chain structure shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1, and comprise driving wheel 2, at least two directive wheels 8 and cutter chain 4, blade 5 is arranged on cutter chain 4, spacing between directive wheel 8 is adjustable, and spacing between directive wheel 8 and driving wheel 2 is adjustable.During duty, workpiece 1 is between two directive wheels 8, and driving wheel 2 rotates, and directive wheel 8 rotates thereupon, and band moving knife chain 4 moves, thus the blade on cutter chain 4 is linearly moved when carrying out turning with absorption surface.
Fig. 4 is directive wheel 8 and the top view of cutter chain 4 part, the figure illustrates the installation relation of directive wheel 8 and cutter chain 4 in Fig. 3.In Fig. 4, directive wheel two end boss 20 of I shape limits the range of movement of hinge 6, ensures the guide effect of directive wheel 8.
The conventional machining that this structure is convenient to blade to stretch into workpiece 1 is difficult to the region touched, and can meet the processing request of high directivity in Precision Machining.
(3) chain structure three
As shown in Figure 5, this structure is the another kind distortion of chain structure shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1, comprise driving wheel 2, driven pulley 3, two directive wheels 8 and cutter chain 4, blade is arranged on cutter chain 4, two directive wheels 8 are between driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3, spacing between two directive wheels 8 is adjustable, in order to adjust the spacing between cutter chain 4.During duty, workpiece 1 is positioned at driven pulley 3 side, contact with the blade through driven pulley 3 side and carry out turning, compared to structure as shown in Figure 3, this structure can reduce processing contact area more, meet the processing request of more high directivity in Precision Machining, cutter chain 4 part simultaneously between driven pulley 3 and directive wheel 8 can provide straight line to pulse and process.
In this structure, because blade 5 is towards directive wheel 8, therefore time in working order, in order to avoid directive wheel 8 hinders the motion of cutter chain 4, the installation of the structure of directive wheel 8 and itself and cutter chain 4 is improved, Fig. 6 is directive wheel 8 and the top view of cutter chain 4 part, the figure illustrates the structure of directive wheel 8 and the installation relation with cutter chain 4 thereof.Compared with the I shape directive wheel in Fig. 4, this Fig. 6 by flange 20 part of directive wheel be made up of the first flange 21 and the second flange 22, the first flange 21 is different from the second flange 22 diameter, overlappingly places; First flange 21, for limiting the range of movement of hinge 6, ensures the guide effect of directive wheel 8; The motion that second flange 22 is blade 5 provides passes through space.
In above-mentioned chain structure one, two, three, as preferably, compared with driven pulley, driving wheel diameter is comparatively large, and therefore under driven by motor driving effect, become linear velocity amplifying device, this linear velocity is transferred on cutter, thus can improve turning wire speed further.Such as, use the active wheel disc of 300 mm dias, the driven wheel disc of relative 20 mm dias can amplify linear velocity 15 times, the requirement of electro spindle is reduced greatly, with in slowspeed machine can realize the target of ultrahigh speed turning.
The another kind of technical scheme that the utility model provides is: a kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device, comprise main shaft, workpiece and cutter, workpiece rotates under the drive of main shaft, the blade of cutter contacts with workpiece and carries out turning, it is characterized in that: described cutter is cover axle construction, that is: blade is several, be distributed in circular apparatus periphery, during duty, connecting axle rotates, disk blade is driven to rotate, when the disk blade of this rotation and absorption surface carry out turning, the line cutting speed of disk blade to workpiece is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece, and on disk blade certain a bit with the way of contact of workpiece for pulsing contact.
As preferably, the cutter of this cover axle construction can be several as follows:
(1) axle construction one is overlapped
As shown in Figure 7, this structure comprises driving wheel 2, driven pulley 3, driving-belt 9 and blade, and blade is positioned at disk periphery and forms disk blade 11, and disk blade is coaxial with driven pulley 3.Under drive motors effect, driving wheel 2 rotates, and driven pulley 3 rotates thereupon, drives circular cutter 11 to rotate.
In this structure, blade is high speed rotary motion, and can adjust the diameter ratio of driving wheel and driven pulley, thus improves blade further to the line cutting rate of workpiece.Such as, driving wheel diameter is 500 millimeters, and driven pulley diameter is 100 millimeters, then, compared with motor direct-drive disk blade, its linear velocity is by improve 5 times.In addition, the power delivery mode between this driving wheel and driven pulley is not limit, and can be V belt translation, Chain conveyer and gear drive etc.
(2) axle construction two is overlapped
As shown in Figure 8, blade is several to this structure, is distributed in disk periphery and forms disk blade; Cutter comprises connecting axle 10, several disk blades be socketed on connecting axle 10, and its Diameter Gradual Change is called " Diameter Gradual Change formula disk blade ".Wherein, cutting disc blade number can adjust according to actual process requirements.In Fig. 8, left figure is schematic diagram, and right figure is modeling schematic diagram.This disk blade 11 is locked by locking nut 12.During duty, connecting axle 10 rotates under the driving of drive motors, drives each disk blade 11 to be rotated.
This structure tool has the following advantages:
1) transmission device is reduced to cutter drive motor main shaft;
2) in time processing process, be responsible for roughing by small-diameter circular dise knife sword, big diameter disc blade is responsible for fine finishining, and therefore this structure can realize roughing and fine finishining synchronously completes in time processing process;
3) and, along with the increase of tool diameter, finishing stage increases gradually;
4) way of contact of each disk blade and workpiece is for pulsing contact, and in turning process, the variations in temperature of cutter is less, stressed less, and therefore, raise and stressing conditions from temperature, the complex disc blade adopting this socket join structure is feasible.
In addition, as shown in Figure 9, the high speed pulsating turning machining device of this practicality also comprises main shaft drives assembly, main axis control unit, cutter drives assembly, tool motion control unit; Main axis control unit transmits control signal to main shaft drives assembly, and main shaft drives assembly drives main axis; Tool motion control unit transmits control signal to cutter drives assembly, and cutter drives assembly provides power for cutter.
Plant cutter for the cutter of above-mentioned chain structure and (1) of cover axle construction, cutter drives Component driver transmission device moves; Plant cutter for (2) of above-mentioned cover axle construction, cutter drives Component driver cover shaft device moves.
In order to avoid the heat produced in working angles further, also preferably include cooling system in above-mentioned two kinds of high speed pulsating turning machining devices, cooling system comprises cooling control unit and cooling package.Not only in turning process, and before and after turning, cooling control unit all transmits control signal to cooling package, cooling package cools blade, thus ensure that blade most time is in normal temperature or low-temperature condition, only with absorption surface, carry out turning short time in there is temperature rise by a small margin, and this intensification by a small margin makes heat accumulate by Air flow, the medium cooling etc. that initiatively applies, thus ensure that rigidity and the life-span of blade.Wherein, the cooling way carrying out cooling before and after turning and in turning process is not limit, and comprises medium cooling, and the such as gas medium such as Air flow, cooled with liquid nitrogen cooling, also comprises cooling fluid cooling etc.Cooling before and after this turning applies mode and does not limit, and can spray cooling medium to blade, also can by blade through cooling medium etc.
Consider the ultrahigh hardness materials such as fragile material and hardenable alloys such as pottery unmanageable problem in turning process, under the advantageous measure cooled before and after above-mentioned turning and in turning process to blade, heat control unit, heating component is also preferably included in above-mentioned two kinds of high speed pulsating turning machining devices, and temperature control unit, temperature control unit comprises temperature sensor, for obtaining workpiece and blade temperature, and this temperature signal is fed back to cooling control unit and heat control unit.Before turning and in turning process, heat control unit transmits control signal to heating component, heating component heats surface of the work and carries out hyperthermic treatment to workpiece material, make the softening of workpiece material top layer, thus when blade carries out high-speed cutting to skin-material, on the one hand the overall performance of workpiece is not affected substantially, on the other hand due in conjunction with in turning process to the cooling provision of blade, avoid, owing to heating up, heat-resisting burden is caused to blade, reduce the problem in blade service life.
Such as, before turning is carried out to aluminium oxide ceramics bar, first by diode laser, this bar is rapidly heated, temperature is made to reach below melting point about 200 degree, can by this ceramic material top layer softening, the relative room temperature of its cutting force is reduced greatly, thus blade loss when reducing turning.
Described temperature-rising method is not limit, and comprises LASER HEATING method, electric-heating-wire-heating method etc.
The relation of temperature control unit and other part as shown in Figure 10.In order to reduce or eliminate the impact of variation of ambient temperature on machining accuracy, temperature control unit also comprises environment temperature sensor and temperature compensation module, environment temperature sensor monitors the working environment temperature, and temperature data is delivered to temperature compensation module, temperature compensation module calculates temperature compensation data according to temperature compensation algorithm and is passed to main axis control unit and tool motion control unit, for adjusting the parameter such as main axis speed, blade movement velocity.
As shown in figure 11, cooling system comprises cooling control unit and cooling package, cooling control unit temperature control unit auxiliary under, control the temperature of workpiece and blade.Cooling package includes but are not limited to coolant pump, cooling agent, cooling duct etc.The workpiece obtained according to temperature control unit and blade temperature, cooling control unit controlled cooling model component operation, the such as start and stop of controlled cooling model pump, the output speed etc. of cooling agent, composition cooling closed-loop control.
When cutter is (2) kind cutter of above-mentioned cover axle construction, as a kind of implementation, the mounting structure of cutter and part cooling package as shown in figure 12.Servo drive motor 14 is used to drive cutter herein, servomotor 14 is connected on kinetic control system by electric machine support 13, motor shaft is rotated by sleeve 15 carry its tools, tool guard 17 is arranged on outside servomotor 14 and electric machine support 13 with half package status, cooling duct 19 is arranged on tool guard 17 by cooling tube support 18, and through the aperture on tool guard 17, cooling duct 19 outlet is caused the blade place of cutter 16, guarantee that cooling conveying puts in place.
In sum, utilize turning machining device of the present utility model to carry out turning and there is following beneficial effect:
(1) to pulse at a high speed contact
When utilizing existing turning machining device to carry out turning, the contact point on blade and the way of contact of workpiece, for continuing point cantact, are namely called the turnery processing of lasting point contact type.When utilizing turning machining device of the present utility model to carry out turning, blade opposite piece carries out " motion ", makes the line cutting rate of blade to workpiece be greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of rotational workpieces; Further, the contact point on blade and the way of contact of workpiece change into pulsation contact by continuous contact formula, therefore are called contact of pulsing at a high speed.
Compared with lasting point contact type, this high speed pulsation contact tool has the following advantages:
(1) improve turning wire speed, save energy consumption
Under identical main shaft load, effectively improve turning wire speed.And for lathe, cutter stock size is little, quality is light, can realize High Rotation Speed under less energy consumption, therefore, and improve compared with turning wire speed by improving the speed of mainshaft, the method achieves high-speed turning under minimum energy consumption;
For certain model heavy machine tool, it is maximum can the diameter of processing work be 2500mm, maximum (top) speed 90r/min, and main motor current is 75kw, then, when it processes maximum workpiece with maximum (top) speed, the linear velocity of blade is 11.78m/s; When employing method of the present utility model, use the blade that diameter is 300mm, when workpiece rotates with 5r/min speed, then surface of the work linear velocity is 0.65m/s, and blade rotating speed only needs 708r/min can realize the linear velocity identical with the former; When blade rotating speed is 9000RPM, then can realize the high-speed cutting speed of 2700 ms/min, namely the speed of mainshaft is the former 1/18, and blade is less than 5kw with power of motor during maximum (top) speed.
(2) blade improves the line cutting speed of workpiece
Reduce on the one hand cutting force when blade and absorption surface, extend the service life of blade, another aspect expands can turning material ranges, improves turnery processing quality.
(3) be conducive to reducing the heat in turning process
Continue in the cutting way of point contact type, effective cutting edge of blade all the time with absorption surface, lasting friction causes the generation of heat and accumulates; And in turning process of the present utility model, blade and workpiece are that pulsating contacts, the contact point of blade and workpiece for pulsing, spaced contact friction, therefore there is the time of distributing in fricative heat, effectively prevent thermal accumlation.Therefore, cooling fluid can not be applied for materials such as aluminium, copper, ordinary carbon steels, only just can continue processing by the air cooling effect that high-speed motion is subsidiary, and not occur glutinous cutter phenomenon.
Experiment confirms, high speed pulsating method for turning of the present utility model is adopted successfully to achieve the turning of dry type air cooling to silica gel, copper, aluminium, 304 stainless steels, by to the temperature monitoring in turning process, show that workpiece temperature is close with environment temperature, thus demonstrate above-mentioned judgement.
Through experimental verification, to the processing of copper and silica gel material, conventional turning there will be car bits and is wound around or is difficult to the difficult problems such as processing due to flexibility, adopt high speed pulsating method for turning of the present utility model, workpiece material can be cut completely into powder on the one hand, workpiece temperature rise can be made to be less than 30 degrees Celsius on the other hand.
(4) equipment cost is low, working (machining) efficiency is high
Lower to the requirement of spindle motor, equipment cost is significantly reduced; Shorten the process-cycle, improve working (machining) efficiency.
(2) further, turning machining device of the present utility model also comprises cooling system, blade to contact with workpiece carry out turning front and back and turning process in cooling provision is taked to blade, thus further avoid thermal accumlation, ensure that rigidity and the life-span of blade;
(3) further, turning machining device of the present utility model also comprises heating system, before turning and in turning process, hyperthermic treatment is carried out to workpiece material, thus under the condition avoiding the heat-resisting burden of blade, softening workpiece material top layer, reduces cutting force further, is particularly useful for fragile material and ultrahigh hardness material.
(4) structure is simple, and Tool Design variation, can meet different application demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of chain structure cutter in the utility model high speed pulsating turning machining device;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the cutter chain in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation two of chain structure cutter in the utility model high speed pulsating turning machining device;
Fig. 4 is the top view of directive wheel and cutter chain part in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation three of chain structure cutter in the utility model high speed pulsating turning machining device;
Fig. 6 is the top view of directive wheel and cutter chain part in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 overlaps one of structural representation of axle construction cutter in the utility model high speed pulsating turning machining device;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation two overlapping axle construction cutter in the utility model high speed pulsating turning machining device;
Fig. 9 is the illustrative view of functional configuration of the utility model high speed pulsating turning machining device;
Figure 10 is the illustrative view of functional configuration of environment temperature sensor and temperature compensation module in Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the illustrative view of functional configuration of cooling system in the utility model high speed pulsating turning machining device;
Figure 12 has one of the cutter of structure shown in Fig. 8 and the mounting structure of part cooling package.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to drawings and Examples, the utility model is described further, it is pointed out that the following stated embodiment is intended to be convenient to understanding of the present utility model, and any restriction effect is not play to it.
Reference numeral in Fig. 1-12 is: workpiece 1, driving wheel 2, driven pulley 3, cutter chain 4, blade 5, hinge 6, chain link 7, directive wheel 8, driving-belt 9, connecting axle 10, disk blade 11, locking nut 12, electric machine support 13, servo drive motor 14, sleeve 15, driving cutter 16, tool guard 17, cooling tube support 18, cooling duct 19, flange 20, first flange 21, second flange 22.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, the illustrative view of functional configuration of high speed pulsating turning machining device as shown in Figure 9, comprises main shaft, main shaft drives assembly, main axis control unit, cutter, cutter drives assembly, tool motion control unit.
Main axis control unit transmits control signal to main shaft drives assembly, and main shaft drives assembly drives main axis, thus drives workpiece to rotate.
Tool motion control unit transmits control signal to cutter drives assembly, and cutter drives assembly provides power for cutter, drives blade motion.
This high speed pulsating turning machining device also comprises cooling control unit, cooling package, heat control unit, heating component, and temperature control unit.
Before and after turning and in turning process, cooling control unit transmits control signal to cooling package, cooling package cools blade, simultaneously, because temperature control unit comprises temperature sensor, for obtaining workpiece and blade temperature, and this temperature signal is fed back to cooling control unit, thus ensure that blade most time is in normal temperature or low-temperature condition, only with absorption surface, there is temperature by a small margin in the short time of carrying out turning to raise, and Air flow is passed through in this intensification by a small margin, the medium cooling etc. initiatively applied makes heat accumulate, thus ensure that rigidity and the life-span of blade.Wherein, cooling way is not limit, and comprises medium cooling, and the such as gas medium such as Air flow, cooled with liquid nitrogen cooling, also comprises cooling fluid cooling etc.; But the mode that applies is not limit, and can spray cooling medium to blade, also can by blade through cooling medium etc.
Before and after turning and in turning process, heat control unit transmits control signal to heating component, heating component heats surface of the work, make the softening of workpiece material top layer, simultaneously, because temperature control unit comprises temperature sensor, for obtaining workpiece and blade temperature, and this temperature signal is fed back to heat control unit, thus when blade carries out high-speed cutting to skin-material, on the one hand the overall performance of workpiece is not affected substantially, on the other hand due in conjunction with in turning process to the cooling provision of blade, avoid, owing to heating up, heat-resisting burden is caused to blade, reduce the problem in blade service life.
Wherein, the relation of temperature control unit and other part as shown in Figure 10.In order to reduce or eliminate the impact of variation of ambient temperature on machining accuracy, temperature control unit also comprises environment temperature sensor and temperature compensation module, environment temperature sensor monitors the working environment temperature, and temperature data is delivered to temperature compensation module, temperature compensation module calculates temperature compensation data according to temperature compensation algorithm and is passed to main axis control unit and tool motion control unit, for adjusting the parameter such as main axis speed, blade movement velocity.
As shown in figure 11, cooling system comprises cooling control unit and cooling package, cooling control unit temperature control unit auxiliary under, control blade temperature.Cooling package comprises coolant pump, cooling agent, cooling duct etc.According to the blade temperature that temperature control unit obtains, cooling control unit controlled cooling model component operation, the such as start and stop of controlled cooling model pump, the output speed etc. of cooling agent, composition cooling closed-loop control.
In the present embodiment, cutter is chain structure, and be made up of cutter chain, transmission device and several blades, blade is arranged on cutter chain.As shown in Figure 1, transmission device is made up of driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3 concrete structure, and driving wheel 2 is not identical with the diameter of driven pulley 3.As shown in Figure 2, cutter chain 4 comprises hinge 6 and chain link 7 to the enlarged drawing of cutter chain 4, and chain link 7 is connected by hinge 6, and blade 5 is arranged on chain link 7.
During duty, workpiece 1 is outside cutter chain 4, between driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3, and driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3 are rotated, and band moving knife chain 4 moves, thus blade 5 is linearly moved when carrying out turning with absorption surface.That is, in turning process, the line cutting speed of blade 5 pairs of workpiece 1 is made up of the linear velocity of blade 5 and the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1, and therefore the surface line cutting speed of blade 5 pairs of workpiece 1 is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1; Further, the contact point on blade 5 and the way of contact of workpiece 1 are for pulsing contact.
In this structure, driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3 can be modified to suitable dimension according to concrete processing request, realize miniaturization and the lightweight of cutter; Adjust the length of cutter chain 4 by increase and decrease chain link 7, therefore, it is possible to independently regulate cutter easily according to concrete process requirements, realize cutter miniaturization and lightweight.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, the functional structure of high speed pulsating turning machining device is identical with embodiment 1.Difference is, cutter adopts the chain structure shown in Fig. 3.That is, cutter comprises driving wheel 2, two directive wheels 8 and cutter chain 4, and blade 5 is arranged on cutter chain 4, and the spacing between directive wheel 8 is adjustable, and spacing between directive wheel 8 and driving wheel 2 is adjustable.
During duty, workpiece 1 is between two directive wheels 8, and driving wheel 2 rotates, and directive wheel 8 rotates thereupon, and band moving knife chain 4 moves, thus the blade on cutter chain 4 is linearly moved when carrying out turning with absorption surface.That is, in turning process, the line cutting speed of blade 5 pairs of workpiece 1 is made up of the linear velocity of blade 5 and the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1, and therefore the surface line cutting speed of blade 5 pairs of workpiece 1 is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1; Further, the contact point on blade 5 and the way of contact of workpiece 1 are for pulsing contact.
Fig. 4 is directive wheel 8 and the top view of cutter chain 4 part, the figure illustrates the installation relation of directive wheel 8 and cutter chain 4 in Fig. 3.In Fig. 4, directive wheel two end boss 20 of I shape limits the range of movement of hinge 6, ensures the guide effect of directive wheel 8.
The conventional machining that this structure is convenient to blade to stretch into workpiece 1 is difficult to the region touched, and can meet the processing request of high directivity in Precision Machining.
Embodiment 3:
In the present embodiment, the functional structure of high speed pulsating turning machining device is identical with embodiment 1.Difference is, cutter adopts the chain structure shown in Fig. 5.That is, cutter comprises driving wheel 2, driven pulley 3, two directive wheels 8 and cutter chain 4, and blade is arranged on cutter chain 4, and two directive wheels 8 are between driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3, and the spacing between two directive wheels 8 is adjustable, in order to adjust the spacing between cutter chain 4.
During duty, workpiece 1 is positioned at driven pulley 3 side, and driving wheel 2 and driven pulley 3 are rotated, and band moving knife chain 4 moves, and directive wheel 8 rotates thereupon, thus makes the blade on cutter chain 4 be motion state when carrying out turning with absorption surface.That is, in turning process, the line cutting speed of blade 5 pairs of workpiece 1 is made up of the linear velocity of blade 5 and the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1, and therefore the surface line cutting speed of blade 5 pairs of workpiece 1 is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1; Further, the contact point on blade 5 and the way of contact of workpiece 1 are for pulsing contact.
Compared to structure as shown in Figure 3, in this structure, the installation of the structure of directive wheel 8 and itself and cutter chain 4 improved, Fig. 6 is directive wheel 8 and the top view of cutter chain 4 part, the figure illustrates the structure of directive wheel 8 and the installation relation with cutter chain 4 thereof.Compared with the I shape directive wheel in Fig. 4, this Fig. 6 by flange 20 part of directive wheel be made up of the first flange 21 and the second flange 22, the first flange 21 is different from the second flange 22 diameter, overlappingly places; First flange 21, for limiting the range of movement of hinge 6, ensure that the guide effect of directive wheel 8; The motion being set to blade 5 of the second flange 22 provides by space, and directive wheel 8 can be avoided time therefore in working order to hinder the motion of cutter chain 4.In addition, this structure can reduce processing contact area more, meets the processing request of more high directivity in Precision Machining, and cutter chain 4 part simultaneously between driven pulley 3 and directive wheel 8 can provide straight line to pulse and process.
Embodiment 4:
In the present embodiment, the functional structure of high speed pulsating turning machining device is identical with embodiment 1.Difference is, cutter adopts the cutter of the cover axle construction shown in Fig. 7, comprises driving wheel 2, driven pulley 3, driving-belt 9 and some blades, and blade is positioned at disk periphery and forms disk blade 11, and disk blade is coaxial with driven pulley 3.
During duty, under drive motors effect, driving wheel 2 rotates, and driven pulley 3 rotates thereupon, drives circular cutter 11 to rotate.Namely, workpiece 1 to contact with disk blade 11 carry out turning process in, disk blade 11 is in rotary motion, the line cutting speed of disk blade 11 pairs of workpiece 1 is made up of the linear velocity of disk blade 11 and the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1, and therefore the surface line cutting speed of disk blade 11 pairs of workpiece 1 is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1; Further, the contact point on disk blade 11 and the way of contact of workpiece 1 are for pulsing contact.
Embodiment 5:
In the present embodiment, the functional structure of high speed pulsating turning machining device is identical with embodiment 1.Difference is, cutter adopts the cutter of the cover axle construction shown in Fig. 8.In this structure, cutter comprises multiple coaxial sleeve and is connected on disk blade 11 on connecting axle 10, and its Diameter Gradual Change, is called " Diameter Gradual Change formula disk blade ".In Fig. 8, left figure is schematic diagram, and right figure is modeling schematic diagram.This disk blade 11 is locked by locking nut 12.
The mounting structure of this cutter and cooling package as shown in figure 12, servo drive motor 14 is used to drive cutter, servomotor 14 is connected on kinetic control system by electric machine support 13, motor shaft is rotated by sleeve 15 carry its tools, tool guard 17 is arranged on outside servomotor 14 and electric machine support 13 with half package status, cooling duct 19 is arranged on tool guard 17 by cooling tube support 18, and through the aperture on tool guard 17, cooling duct 19 outlet is caused blade place, guarantee that cooling conveying puts in place.
During duty, connecting axle 10 rotates under the driving of drive motors, drives each disk blade 11 to be rotated.Namely, workpiece 1 to contact with disk blade 11 carry out turning process in, disk blade 11 is in rotary motion, the line cutting speed of disk blade 11 pairs of workpiece 1 is made up of the linear velocity of disk blade 11 and the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1, and therefore the surface line cutting speed of disk blade 11 pairs of workpiece 1 is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece 1; Further, the contact point on disk blade 11 and the way of contact of workpiece 1 are for pulsing contact.
In addition, compared with the cutter structure shown in embodiment 4, this cutter structure tool has the following advantages:
1) transmission device is reduced to cutter drive motor main shaft;
2) in time processing process, be responsible for roughing by small-diameter circular dise knife sword, big diameter disc blade is responsible for fine finishining, and therefore this structure can realize roughing and fine finishining synchronously completes in time processing process;
3) and, along with the increase of tool diameter, finishing stage increases gradually;
4) way of contact of each disk blade and workpiece is for pulsing contact, and in turning process, the variations in temperature of cutter is less, stressed less, and therefore, raise and stressing conditions from temperature, the complex disc blade adopting this socket join structure is feasible.
Above-described embodiment has been described in detail the technical solution of the utility model; be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the utility model; be not limited to the utility model; all make in spirit of the present utility model any amendment, supplement or similar fashion substitute etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (12)
1. a high speed pulsating turning machining device, comprise main shaft, workpiece and cutter, workpiece rotates under the drive of main shaft, and the blade of cutter contacts with workpiece and carries out turning, it is characterized in that: described cutter is made up of cutter chain, transmission device and several blades, blade is arranged on cutter chain; During duty, actuator movement, cutter chain moves with transmission device, drive blade moves, when the blade of this motion and absorption surface carry out turning, the line cutting speed of blade to workpiece is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece, and on blade certain a bit with the way of contact of workpiece for pulsing contact.
2. high speed pulsating turning machining device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described transmission device is made up of at least two moving runners.
3. high speed pulsating turning machining device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described moving runner comprises driving wheel and driven pulley, described driving wheel is not identical with the diameter of driven pulley.
4. high speed pulsating turning machining device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described driven pulley is plural directive wheel, during duty, driving wheel rotates, directive wheel rotates thereupon, and the spacing between directive wheel is adjustable, and spacing between directive wheel and driving wheel is adjustable, during duty, outside the cutter chain of workpiece between two adjacent directive wheels.
5. high speed pulsating turning machining device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described moving runner also comprises two directive wheels, directive wheel is between driving wheel and driven pulley, and the spacing between two directive wheels is adjustable, during duty, workpiece is positioned at driven pulley side.
6. the high speed pulsating turning machining device as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: also comprise main shaft drives assembly, main axis control unit, cutter drives assembly, tool motion control unit; Main axis control unit transmits control signal to main shaft drives assembly, and main shaft drives assembly drives main axis; Tool motion control unit transmits control signal to cutter drives assembly, and cutter drives assembly provides power for cutter.
7. the high speed pulsating turning machining device as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: also comprise cooling control unit, cooling package, heat control unit, heating component, and temperature control unit;
Cooling control unit transmits control signal to cooling package, and cooling package cools blade;
Heat control unit transmits control signal to heating component, and heating component heats surface of the work;
Temperature control unit comprises temperature sensor, for obtaining workpiece and blade temperature, and this temperature signal is fed back to cooling control unit and heat control unit.
8. the high speed pulsating turning machining device as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: temperature control unit also comprises environment temperature sensor and temperature compensation module, environment temperature sensor monitors the working environment temperature, and temperature data is delivered to temperature compensation module, temperature compensation module calculates temperature compensation data according to temperature compensation algorithm and is passed to main axis control unit and tool motion control unit.
9. a high speed pulsating turning machining device, comprises workpiece and cutter, and workpiece rotates under the drive of main shaft, and the blade of cutter contacts with workpiece and carries out turning, it is characterized in that: described blade is several, is distributed in disk periphery and forms disk blade; Described cutter comprises connecting axle, the disk blade of several Diameter Gradual Change be socketed on connecting axle; During duty, connecting axle rotates, and drives disk blade to rotate, when the disk blade of this rotation and absorption surface carry out turning, the line cutting speed of disk blade to workpiece is greater than the linear resonance surface velocity of workpiece, and on disk blade certain a bit with the way of contact of workpiece for pulsing contact.
10. high speed pulsating turning machining device as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: also comprise main shaft drives assembly, main axis control unit, cutter drives assembly, tool motion control unit; Main axis control unit transmits control signal to main shaft drives assembly, and main shaft drives assembly drives main axis; Tool motion control unit transmits control signal to cutter drives assembly, and cutter drives assembly provides power for cutter.
11. high speed pulsating turning machining devices as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: also comprise cooling control unit, cooling package, heat control unit, heating component, and temperature control unit;
Cooling control unit transmits control signal to cooling package, and cooling package cools blade;
Heat control unit transmits control signal to heating component, and heating component heats surface of the work;
Temperature control unit comprises temperature sensor, for obtaining workpiece and blade temperature, and this temperature signal is fed back to cooling control unit and heat control unit.
12. high speed pulsating turning machining devices as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: temperature control unit also comprises environment temperature sensor and temperature compensation module, environment temperature sensor monitors the working environment temperature, and temperature data is delivered to temperature compensation module, temperature compensation module calculates temperature compensation data according to temperature compensation algorithm and is passed to main axis control unit and tool motion control unit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420369403.9U CN204052927U (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420369403.9U CN204052927U (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of high speed pulsating turning machining device |
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| CN204052927U true CN204052927U (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016000529A1 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-07 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | High-speed pulsating type turning processing method and device for implementing the method |
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2014
- 2014-07-04 CN CN201420369403.9U patent/CN204052927U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016000529A1 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-07 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | High-speed pulsating type turning processing method and device for implementing the method |
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